Chronic Postoperative PainNCT04735211
Chronic Postsurgical Pediatric Pain. Evaluation Risk Factors to Develop Chronic Postsurgical Pain in Children and Adolescents Undergoing Surgery in a First Level Hospital
An observational study of Chronic Postoperative Pain and Pediatric ALL, run by Guillermo Ceniza Bordallo at 1 site in Spain.
Trial summary
Chronic postsurgical pain had number of prevalence on 20%. Its derivates from risk factors, but recent research provide new potential risk factors to develop chronic postsurgical pediatric pain. To increase the body of knowledge, an observational study is proposed in pediatric patients undergoing surgical intervention. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 4 to 18 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Chronic Postoperative Pain, Pediatric ALL
- What is being tested?
- Surgery
- Type of treatment
- Surgery or procedure
- How many people
- 260 participants
- Where
- 1 siteSpain
- Study dates
- 15 Dec 2020to 15 Dec 2021
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 4 to 18 years
- All sexes
- Child, Adult
Study population: Pediatric Population undergoing surgical intervention.
Who may be able to join
- Children with age from 4 years to 18 years. Undergoing surgery for any surgical specialty. ASA Status (American Society of Anesthesiologist) from I to III.
Who cannot join
- Children who do not understand and speak Spanish correctly. Children with verbal communication problems.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Spain1 site
Faculty of Nurse, Physiotherapy and Podiatry. University Complutense of Madrid
Madrid, 28040
About this study
Official title: Risk Factors to Develop Chronic Postsurgical Pediatric Pain: An Observational Study
Chronic postsurgical pain had number of prevalence on 20%. Its derivates from risk factors, but recent research provide new potential risk factors to develop chronic postsurgical pediatric pain.
To increase the body of knowledge, an observational study is proposed in pediatric patients undergoing surgical intervention.
Read the detailed description
A cohort of pediatric patients undergoing surgery will be followed at the Maternal and Child Hospital October 12, Madrid. The group of patients that develops post-surgical chronic pain and the group that does not develop it will be observed, and risk factors will be studied.
Before the surgical intervention, the risk factors described in the literature will be analyzed. Children will be followed up to 6 months after surgery.
- Conditions
- Chronic Postoperative Pain, Pediatric ALL
- Being tested
- Surgery
- Keywords
- Chronic Postsurgical Pediatric Pain
- Medical subject headings
- Pain, Postoperative, Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
SurgeryProcedure or surgery
Pediatric Surgery with hospitalized
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Children whom develop chronic postsurgical pain | Children whom had chronic pain at 3 moths after surgery Receives: Procedure: Surgery | |
| Children whom not develop chronic postsurgical pain | Children whom not develop chronic pain at 3 moths after surgery |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Type of surgery
Surgery Specialty.
Measured: 1 day presurgery
Previous pathologies
Previous pathologies
Measured: 1 day presurgery
Baseline Child Catastrophizing
Assess by Child Catastrophizing scale.The Pain Catastrophizing Scale-Child (PCS-C);is a validated self-report measure that is used to assess negative thinking associated with pain. The PCS-C include 13 items, which are rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 = "not at all true" to 4 = "very true." The items are divided across three subscales: rumination (4 items, e.g. "When I have pain, I can't keep it out of my mind"), magnification (3 items, e.g. "When I have pain, I keep thinking of other painful events") and helplessness (6 items, e.g. "When I have pain, I feel like I can't go on"
Measured: 1 day presurgery
Change of Child Catastrophizing at 3 moths postsurgery
Assess by Child Catastrophizing scale.The Pain Catastrophizing Scale-Child (PCS-C);is a validated self-report measure that is used to assess negative thinking associated with pain. The PCS-C include 13 items, which are rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 = "not at all true" to 4 = "very true." The items are divided across three subscales: rumination (4 items, e.g. "When I have pain, I can't keep it out of my mind"), magnification (3 items, e.g. "When I have pain, I keep thinking of other painful events") and helplessness (6 items, e.g. "When I have pain, I feel like I can't go on"
Measured: 3 months
Change of Child Catastrophizing at 6 moths postsurgery
Assess by Child Catastrophizing scale.The Pain Catastrophizing Scale-Child (PCS-C);is a validated self-report measure that is used to assess negative thinking associated with pain. The PCS-C include 13 items, which are rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 = "not at all true" to 4 = "very true." The items are divided across three subscales: rumination (4 items, e.g. "When I have pain, I can't keep it out of my mind"), magnification (3 items, e.g. "When I have pain, I keep thinking of other painful events") and helplessness (6 items, e.g. "When I have pain, I feel like I can't go on"
Measured: 6 months
Baseline Child Anxiety
Assess by Child Anxiety Symptoms Scale (CPASS) is a 20-item scale for children adapted from the adult PASS-20. For each statement, children are asked to rate the extent to which they think, act, or feel that way on a scale from 0 (''never think, act or feel that way'') to 5 (''always think, act, or feel that way''). Total scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating higher levels of pain anxiety.
Measured: 1 day presurgery
Change of Child Anxiety at 3 moths postsurgery
Assess by Child Anxiety Symptoms Scale (CPASS) is a 20-item scale for children adapted from the adult PASS-20. For each statement, children are asked to rate the extent to which they think, act, or feel that way on a scale from 0 (''never think, act or feel that way'') to 5 (''always think, act, or feel that way''). Total scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating higher levels of pain anxiety.
Measured: 3 moths
Change of Child Anxiety at 6 moths postsurgery
Assess by Child Anxiety Symptoms Scale (CPASS) is a 20-item scale for children adapted from the adult PASS-20. For each statement, children are asked to rate the extent to which they think, act, or feel that way on a scale from 0 (''never think, act or feel that way'') to 5 (''always think, act, or feel that way''). Total scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating higher levels of pain anxiety.
Measured: 6 moths
Baseline Pain Interference
Asess by PROMIS-Pediatric Pain Interference Scale (PPIS): The 8-item PPIS assesses how the child's pain has interfered with certain aspects of their life over the past 7 days (eg, sleep, attention, schoolwork, physical activities, emotion). Each item is rated on a 5-point scale ranging from "never" to "almost always". Scores range from 0 to 32 where higher scores indicate greater pain-related functional impairment.
Measured: 1 day presurgery
Change of Pain Interference at 3 moths postsurgery
Asess by PROMIS-Pediatric Pain Interference Scale (PPIS): The 8-item PPIS assesses how the child's pain has interfered with certain aspects of their life over the past 7 days (eg, sleep, attention, schoolwork, physical activities, emotion). Each item is rated on a 5-point scale ranging from "never" to "almost always". Scores range from 0 to 32 where higher scores indicate greater pain-related functional impairment.
Measured: 3 moths
Change of Pain Interference at 6 moths postsurgery
Asess by PROMIS-Pediatric Pain Interference Scale (PPIS): The 8-item PPIS assesses how the child's pain has interfered with certain aspects of their life over the past 7 days (eg, sleep, attention, schoolwork, physical activities, emotion). Each item is rated on a 5-point scale ranging from "never" to "almost always". Scores range from 0 to 32 where higher scores indicate greater pain-related functional impairment.
Measured: 6 moths
Baseline Child Fear of pain
Assess by The Fear of Pain Questionnaire-Children (FOPQ-C): Is a validated self-report measure that used to asses fear of pain in children. The FOPQ-C include 23 ítems, which are rated on a 5-point scale ranging 0=" not at all" 5="very true". The items are divided across two subscales: fear of pain, and avoidance activities.
Measured: 1 day presurgery
Change of Child Fear of pain at 3 moths postsurgery
Assess by The Fear of Pain Questionnaire-Children (FOPQ-C): Is a validated self-report measure that used to asses fear of pain in children. The FOPQ-C include 23 ítems, which are rated on a 5-point scale ranging 0=" not at all" 5="very true". The items are divided across two subscales: fear of pain, and avoidance activities.
Measured: 3 moths
Change of Child Fear of pain at 6 moths postsurgery
Assess by The Fear of Pain Questionnaire-Children (FOPQ-C): Is a validated self-report measure that used to asses fear of pain in children. The FOPQ-C include 23 ítems, which are rated on a 5-point scale ranging 0=" not at all" 5="very true". The items are divided across two subscales: fear of pain, and avoidance activities.
Measured: 6 moths
Baseline Child Kinesiophobia
Assess by The Tampa Scale Kinesiophobia (TSK-11). Is a 11-item scale that measures fear of move- ment-evoked pain and injury. Scale items ranges from 0 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree) with 4 reversed- scored items. Total scores range from 25 to 56 with higher scores indicative of a greater fear of movement.
Measured: 1 day presurgery
Change of Child Kinesiophobia at 3 moths postsurgery
Assess by The Tampa Scale Kinesiophobia (TSK-11). Is a 11-item scale that measures fear of move- ment-evoked pain and injury. Scale items ranges from 0 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree) with 4 reversed- scored items. Total scores range from 25 to 56 with higher scores indicative of a greater fear of movement.
Measured: 3 moths
Change of Child Kinesiophobia at 6 moths postsurgery
Assess by The Tampa Scale Kinesiophobia (TSK-11). Is a 11-item scale that measures fear of move- ment-evoked pain and injury. Scale items ranges from 0 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree) with 4 reversed- scored items. Total scores range from 25 to 56 with higher scores indicative of a greater fear of movement.
Measured: 6 moths
Baseline Health-related Quality of Life in Children
Pediatric Quality of Life version 4.0 (PedsQL 4.0), which is a widely used measure of health-related quality of life in children. The PedsQL consists of 23-items and includes both child-report (for those age 8 and over). The PedsQL assesses the following four domains of functioning: physical, emotional, social, and school and items are rated on a five-point Likert-type scale that ranges from 0 (never a problem) to 4 (almost always a problem). Items are converted to create a 0-100 scale, with higher scores reflecting higher quality of life.
Measured: 1 day presurgery
Change of Health-related Quality of Life in Children at 3 moths postsurgery
Pediatric Quality of Life version 4.0 (PedsQL 4.0), which is a widely used measure of health-related quality of life in children. The PedsQL consists of 23-items and includes both child-report (for those age 8 and over). The PedsQL assesses the following four domains of functioning: physical, emotional, social, and school and items are rated on a five-point Likert-type scale that ranges from 0 (never a problem) to 4 (almost always a problem). Items are converted to create a 0-100 scale, with higher scores reflecting higher quality of life.
Measured: 3 moths
Change Health-related Quality of Life in Children at 6 moths postsurgery
Pediatric Quality of Life version 4.0 (PedsQL 4.0), which is a widely used measure of health-related quality of life in children. The PedsQL consists of 23-items and includes both child-report (for those age 8 and over). The PedsQL assesses the following four domains of functioning: physical, emotional, social, and school and items are rated on a five-point Likert-type scale that ranges from 0 (never a problem) to 4 (almost always a problem). Items are converted to create a 0-100 scale, with higher scores reflecting higher quality of life.
Measured: 6 moths
Baseline Pain intensity
Assess by The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) is a verbally administered scale that measures pain intensity (''how much pain do you feel right now?''). The NRS can also be used to measure pain unpleas- antness (''how unpleasant/horrible/yucky is the pain right now?''). The end points represent the extremes of the pain experience.
Measured: 1 day presurgery
Change of Pain intensity 3 moths postsurgery
Assess by The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) is a verbally administered scale that measures pain intensity (''how much pain do you feel right now?''). The NRS can also be used to measure pain unpleas- antness (''how unpleasant/horrible/yucky is the pain right now?''). The end points represent the extremes of the pain experience.
Measured: 3 moths
Change of Pain intensity at 6 moths postsurgery
Assess by The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) is a verbally administered scale that measures pain intensity (''how much pain do you feel right now?''). The NRS can also be used to measure pain unpleas- antness (''how unpleasant/horrible/yucky is the pain right now?''). The end points represent the extremes of the pain experience.
Measured: 6 moths
Secondary outcomes (18)
Baseline Parent Anxiety
Assess by Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale-Short Form (PASS-20) PASS-2022 consists of 20 items that measure the fear and anxiety-related thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and physical sensations that accompany the experience and anticipation of pain. Each item is rated on a scale of 0 (never) to 5 (always) and total scores range from 0 to 100. The PASS-20 has four subscales: cognitive, escape/avoidance, fear, and physiological anxiety.
Measured: 1 day presurgery
Change of Parent Anxiety at 3 moths postsurgery
Assess by Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale-Short Form (PASS-20) PASS-2022 consists of 20 items that measure the fear and anxiety-related thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and physical sensations that accompany the experience and anticipation of pain. Each item is rated on a scale of 0 (never) to 5 (always) and total scores range from 0 to 100. The PASS-20 has four subscales: cognitive, escape/avoidance, fear, and physiological anxiety.
Measured: 3 moths
Change of Parent Anxiety at 6 moths postsurgery
Assess by Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale-Short Form (PASS-20) PASS-2022 consists of 20 items that measure the fear and anxiety-related thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and physical sensations that accompany the experience and anticipation of pain. Each item is rated on a scale of 0 (never) to 5 (always) and total scores range from 0 to 100. The PASS-20 has four subscales: cognitive, escape/avoidance, fear, and physiological anxiety.
Measured: 6 moths
Baseline Parent Catastrophizing
The Pain Catastrophizing Scale-Parent report (PCS-P) is a validated self-report measure that is used to assess negative thinking associated with pain. The PCS-P include 13 items, which are rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 = "not at all true" to 4 = "very true." The items are divided across three subscales: rumination (4 items, e.g. "When my child has pain, I can't keep it out of my mind"), magnification (3 items, e.g. "When my child has pain, I keep thinking of other painful events") and helplessness (6 items, e.g. "When my child has pain, I feel like I can't go on"
Measured: 1 day presurgery
Change of Parent Catastrophizing at 3 months postsurgery
The Pain Catastrophizing Scale-Parent report (PCS-P) is a validated self-report measure that is used to assess negative thinking associated with pain. The PCS-P include 13 items, which are rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 = "not at all true" to 4 = "very true." The items are divided across three subscales: rumination (4 items, e.g. "When my child has pain, I can't keep it out of my mind"), magnification (3 items, e.g. "When my child has pain, I keep thinking of other painful events") and helplessness (6 items, e.g. "When my child has pain, I feel like I can't go on"
Measured: 3 moths
Change of Parent Catastrophizing at 6 months postsurgery
The Pain Catastrophizing Scale-Parent report (PCS-P) is a validated self-report measure that is used to assess negative thinking associated with pain. The PCS-P include 13 items, which are rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 = "not at all true" to 4 = "very true." The items are divided across three subscales: rumination (4 items, e.g. "When my child has pain, I can't keep it out of my mind"), magnification (3 items, e.g. "When my child has pain, I keep thinking of other painful events") and helplessness (6 items, e.g. "When my child has pain, I feel like I can't go on"
Measured: 6 moths
Baseline Parent Fear of pain
Assess by The Fear of Pain Questionnaire-Parents (FOPQ-P): Is a validated self-report measure that used to asses fear of pain in parents with his children are in pain. The FOPQ-P include 24 ítems, which are rated on a 5-point scale ranging 0=" not at all" 5="very true". The items are divided across three subscales: fear of pain, avoidance of activities and school avoidance.
Measured: 1 day presurgery
Change of Parent Fear of pain at 3 moths postsurgery
Assess by The Fear of Pain Questionnaire-Parents (FOPQ-P): Is a validated self-report measure that used to asses fear of pain in parents with his children are in pain. The FOPQ-P include 24 ítems, which are rated on a 5-point scale ranging 0=" not at all" 5="very true". The items are divided across three subscales: fear of pain, avoidance of activities and school avoidance.
Measured: 3 moths
Change of Parent Fear of pain at 6 moths postsurgery
Assess by The Fear of Pain Questionnaire-Parents (FOPQ-P): Is a validated self-report measure that used to asses fear of pain in parents with his children are in pain. The FOPQ-P include 24 ítems, which are rated on a 5-point scale ranging 0=" not at all" 5="very true". The items are divided across three subscales: fear of pain, avoidance of activities and school avoidance.
Measured: 6 moths
Baseline Parent Kinesiophobia
Assess by The Tampa Scale Kinesiophobia (TSK-11). Is a 11-item scale that measures fear of move- ment-evoked pain and injury. Scale items ranges from 0 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree) with 4 reversed- scored items. Total scores range from 25 to 56 with higher scores indicative of a greater fear of movement.
Measured: 1 day presurgery
Change of Parent Kinesiophobia at 3 moths postsurgery
Assess by The Tampa Scale Kinesiophobia (TSK-11). Is a 11-item scale that measures fear of move- ment-evoked pain and injury. Scale items ranges from 0 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree) with 4 reversed- scored items. Total scores range from 25 to 56 with higher scores indicative of a greater fear of movement.
Measured: 3 moths
Change of Parent Kinesiophobia at 6 moths postsurgery
Assess by The Tampa Scale Kinesiophobia (TSK-11). Is a 11-item scale that measures fear of move- ment-evoked pain and injury. Scale items ranges from 0 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree) with 4 reversed- scored items. Total scores range from 25 to 56 with higher scores indicative of a greater fear of movement.
Measured: Baseline, 3 moths, 6 months
Baseline Health-related Quality of life in children
Assess by Pediatric Quality of Life version 4.0 Parent Version (PedsQL 4.0), which is a widely used measure of health-related quality of life in children. The PedsQL consists of 23-items, parent proxy-report forms of quality of life in younger children. Parent proxy reports have also been used for children in the age range from 2-18 years. The PedsQL assesses the following four domains of functioning: physical, emotional, social, and school and items are rated on a five-point Likert-type scale that ranges from 0 (never a problem) to 4 (almost always a problem). Items are converted to create a 0-100 scale, with higher scores reflecting higher quality of life.
Measured: 1 day presurgery
Change of Health-related Quality of life in children at 3 moths postsurgery
Assess by Pediatric Quality of Life version 4.0 Parent Version (PedsQL 4.0), which is a widely used measure of health-related quality of life in children. The PedsQL consists of 23-items, parent proxy-report forms of quality of life in younger children. Parent proxy reports have also been used for children in the age range from 2-18 years. The PedsQL assesses the following four domains of functioning: physical, emotional, social, and school and items are rated on a five-point Likert-type scale that ranges from 0 (never a problem) to 4 (almost always a problem). Items are converted to create a 0-100 scale, with higher scores reflecting higher quality of life.
Measured: 3 moths
Change of Health-related Quality of life in children at 6 moths postsurgery
Assess by Pediatric Quality of Life version 4.0 Parent Version (PedsQL 4.0), which is a widely used measure of health-related quality of life in children. The PedsQL consists of 23-items, parent proxy-report forms of quality of life in younger children. Parent proxy reports have also been used for children in the age range from 2-18 years. The PedsQL assesses the following four domains of functioning: physical, emotional, social, and school and items are rated on a five-point Likert-type scale that ranges from 0 (never a problem) to 4 (almost always a problem). Items are converted to create a 0-100 scale, with higher scores reflecting higher quality of life.
Measured: 6 months
Baseline Pain intensity assess by parents
Asees by Parents' Postoperative Pain Measure (PPPM). The PPPM is completed by parents to assess children's pain following surgery and is the only validated measure of parent-report postoperative pain severity in children. Parents are asked to indicate the presence or absence of each of 15 behavioral indicators of pain.
Measured: 1 day presurgery
Change of Pain intensity assess by parents at 3 moths postsurgery
Asees by Parents' Postoperative Pain Measure (PPPM). The PPPM is completed by parents to assess children's pain following surgery and is the only validated measure of parent-report postoperative pain severity in children. Parents are asked to indicate the presence or absence of each of 15 behavioral indicators of pain.
Measured: 3 moths
Change of Pain intensity assess by parents at 6 moths postsurgery
Asees by Parents' Postoperative Pain Measure (PPPM). The PPPM is completed by parents to assess children's pain following surgery and is the only validated measure of parent-report postoperative pain severity in children. Parents are asked to indicate the presence or absence of each of 15 behavioral indicators of pain.
Measured: 6 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted3 Feb 2021
- Study start15 Dec 2020
- Primary completion3 May 2021
- Study completion15 Dec 2021 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (10)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Chronic Postoperative PainStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 260 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Guillermo Ceniza Bordallo
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Guillermo Ceniza Bordallo, Universidad Complutense de Madrid
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04735211
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 20/618
- Status last verified
- Aug 2021
- First submitted
- 12 Jan 2021
- Last updated
- 13 Aug 2021
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
Huguet A, Miro J. The severity of chronic pediatric pain: an epidemiological study. J Pain. 2008 Mar;9(3):226-36. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2007.10.015. Epub 2007 Dec 21.
PubMed 18088558Miro J, Huguet A, Nieto R. Predictive factors of chronic pediatric pain and disability: a Delphi poll. J Pain. 2007 Oct;8(10):774-92. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2007.04.009. Epub 2007 Jul 12.
PubMed 17627893Cai Y, Lopata L, Roh A, Huang M, Monteleone MA, Wang S, Sun LS. Factors influencing postoperative pain following discharge in pediatric ambulatory surgery patients. J Clin Anesth. 2017 Jun;39:100-104. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2017.03.033. Epub 2017 Apr 1.
PubMed 28494878Taylor EM, Boyer K, Campbell FA. Pain in hospitalized children: a prospective cross-sectional survey of pain prevalence, intensity, assessment and management in a Canadian pediatric teaching hospital. Pain Res Manag. 2008 Jan-Feb;13(1):25-32. doi: 10.1155/2008/478102.
PubMed 18301813Nugraha B, Gutenbrunner C, Barke A, Karst M, Schiller J, Schafer P, Falter S, Korwisi B, Rief W, Treede RD; IASP Taskforce for the Classification of Chronic Pain. The IASP classification of chronic pain for ICD-11: functioning properties of chronic pain. Pain. 2019 Jan;160(1):88-94. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001433.
PubMed 30586076Rosenberg RE, Clark RA, Chibbaro P, Hambrick HR, Bruzzese JM, Feudtner C, Mendelsohn A. Factors Predicting Parent Anxiety Around Infant and Toddler Postoperative and Pain. Hosp Pediatr. 2017 Jun;7(6):313-319. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2016-0166. Epub 2017 May 16.
PubMed 28512138Rabbitts JA, Fisher E, Rosenbloom BN, Palermo TM. Prevalence and Predictors of Chronic Postsurgical Pain in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Pain. 2017 Jun;18(6):605-614. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2017.03.007. Epub 2017 Mar 29.
PubMed 28363861Voepel-Lewis T, Caird MS, Tait AR, Farley FA, Li Y, Malviya S, Hassett A, Weber M, Currier E, de Sibour T, Clauw DJ. A cluster of high psychological and somatic symptoms in children with idiopathic scoliosis predicts persistent pain and analgesic use 1 year after spine fusion. Paediatr Anaesth. 2018 Oct;28(10):873-880. doi: 10.1111/pan.13467.
PubMed 30302887Rosenbloom BN, Page MG, Isaac L, Campbell F, Stinson JN, Wright JG, Katz J. Pediatric Chronic Postsurgical Pain And Functional Disability: A Prospective Study Of Risk Factors Up To One Year After Major Surgery. J Pain Res. 2019 Nov 12;12:3079-3098. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S210594. eCollection 2019.
PubMed 31814752Ceniza-Bordallo G, Gomez Fraile A, Martin-Casas P, Rabbitts JA, Li R, Palermo TM, Lopez-de-Uralde-Villanueva I. Prevalence, pain trajectories, and presurgical predictors for chronic postsurgical pain in a pediatric sample in Spain with a 24-month follow-up. Pain. 2025 Jan 1;166(1):112-122. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003330. Epub 2024 Jul 10.
PubMed 39047258
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 13 Aug 2021. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Risk Factors to Develop Chronic Postsurgical Pediatric Pain: An Observational Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04735211
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 20/618
- Conditions
- Chronic Postoperative Pain, Pediatric ALL
- Keywords
- Chronic Postsurgical Pediatric Pain
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 260 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Guillermo Ceniza BordalloUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 15 Dec 2020 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 3 May 2021 (actual)
- Study completion
- 15 Dec 2021 (estimated)
- First posted
- 3 Feb 2021 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Chronic postsurgical pain had number of prevalence on 20%. Its derivates from risk factors, but recent research provide new potential risk factors to develop chronic postsurgical pediatric pain.
To increase the body of knowledge, an observational study is proposed in pediatric patients undergoing surgical intervention.
Detailed description
A cohort of pediatric patients undergoing surgery will be followed at the Maternal and Child Hospital October 12, Madrid. The group of patients that develops post-surgical chronic pain and the group that does not develop it will be observed, and risk factors will be studied.
Before the surgical intervention, the risk factors described in the literature will be analyzed. Children will be followed up to 6 months after surgery.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Children whom develop chronic postsurgical pain | – | Procedure: SurgeryChildren whom had chronic pain at 3 moths after surgery |
| Children whom not develop chronic postsurgical pain | – | –Children whom not develop chronic pain at 3 moths after surgery |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 4 to 18 years
- Sex
- All
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
- Study population
- Pediatric Population undergoing surgical intervention.
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Children with age from 4 years to 18 years. Undergoing surgery for any surgical specialty. ASA Status (American Society of Anesthesiologist) from I to III.
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Children who do not understand and speak Spanish correctly. Children with verbal communication problems.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| SurgeryPediatric Surgery with hospitalized | Procedure or surgery | Children whom develop chronic postsurgical pain |
Primary outcome
Type of surgery
Time frame: 1 day presurgery
Surgery Specialty.
Previous pathologies
Time frame: 1 day presurgery
Previous pathologies
Baseline Child Catastrophizing
Time frame: 1 day presurgery
Assess by Child Catastrophizing scale.The Pain Catastrophizing Scale-Child (PCS-C);is a validated self-report measure that is used to assess negative thinking associated with pain. The PCS-C include 13 items, which are rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 = "not at all true" to 4 = "very true." The items are divided across three subscales: rumination (4 items, e.g. "When I have pain, I can't keep it out of my mind"), magnification (3 items, e.g. "When I have pain, I keep thinking of other painful events") and helplessness (6 items, e.g. "When I have pain, I feel like I can't go on"
Change of Child Catastrophizing at 3 moths postsurgery
Time frame: 3 months
Assess by Child Catastrophizing scale.The Pain Catastrophizing Scale-Child (PCS-C);is a validated self-report measure that is used to assess negative thinking associated with pain. The PCS-C include 13 items, which are rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 = "not at all true" to 4 = "very true." The items are divided across three subscales: rumination (4 items, e.g. "When I have pain, I can't keep it out of my mind"), magnification (3 items, e.g. "When I have pain, I keep thinking of other painful events") and helplessness (6 items, e.g. "When I have pain, I feel like I can't go on"
Change of Child Catastrophizing at 6 moths postsurgery
Time frame: 6 months
Assess by Child Catastrophizing scale.The Pain Catastrophizing Scale-Child (PCS-C);is a validated self-report measure that is used to assess negative thinking associated with pain. The PCS-C include 13 items, which are rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 = "not at all true" to 4 = "very true." The items are divided across three subscales: rumination (4 items, e.g. "When I have pain, I can't keep it out of my mind"), magnification (3 items, e.g. "When I have pain, I keep thinking of other painful events") and helplessness (6 items, e.g. "When I have pain, I feel like I can't go on"
Baseline Child Anxiety
Time frame: 1 day presurgery
Assess by Child Anxiety Symptoms Scale (CPASS) is a 20-item scale for children adapted from the adult PASS-20. For each statement, children are asked to rate the extent to which they think, act, or feel that way on a scale from 0 (''never think, act or feel that way'') to 5 (''always think, act, or feel that way''). Total scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating higher levels of pain anxiety.
Change of Child Anxiety at 3 moths postsurgery
Time frame: 3 moths
Assess by Child Anxiety Symptoms Scale (CPASS) is a 20-item scale for children adapted from the adult PASS-20. For each statement, children are asked to rate the extent to which they think, act, or feel that way on a scale from 0 (''never think, act or feel that way'') to 5 (''always think, act, or feel that way''). Total scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating higher levels of pain anxiety.
Change of Child Anxiety at 6 moths postsurgery
Time frame: 6 moths
Assess by Child Anxiety Symptoms Scale (CPASS) is a 20-item scale for children adapted from the adult PASS-20. For each statement, children are asked to rate the extent to which they think, act, or feel that way on a scale from 0 (''never think, act or feel that way'') to 5 (''always think, act, or feel that way''). Total scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating higher levels of pain anxiety.
Baseline Pain Interference
Time frame: 1 day presurgery
Asess by PROMIS-Pediatric Pain Interference Scale (PPIS): The 8-item PPIS assesses how the child's pain has interfered with certain aspects of their life over the past 7 days (eg, sleep, attention, schoolwork, physical activities, emotion). Each item is rated on a 5-point scale ranging from "never" to "almost always". Scores range from 0 to 32 where higher scores indicate greater pain-related functional impairment.
Change of Pain Interference at 3 moths postsurgery
Time frame: 3 moths
Asess by PROMIS-Pediatric Pain Interference Scale (PPIS): The 8-item PPIS assesses how the child's pain has interfered with certain aspects of their life over the past 7 days (eg, sleep, attention, schoolwork, physical activities, emotion). Each item is rated on a 5-point scale ranging from "never" to "almost always". Scores range from 0 to 32 where higher scores indicate greater pain-related functional impairment.
Change of Pain Interference at 6 moths postsurgery
Time frame: 6 moths
Asess by PROMIS-Pediatric Pain Interference Scale (PPIS): The 8-item PPIS assesses how the child's pain has interfered with certain aspects of their life over the past 7 days (eg, sleep, attention, schoolwork, physical activities, emotion). Each item is rated on a 5-point scale ranging from "never" to "almost always". Scores range from 0 to 32 where higher scores indicate greater pain-related functional impairment.
Baseline Child Fear of pain
Time frame: 1 day presurgery
Assess by The Fear of Pain Questionnaire-Children (FOPQ-C): Is a validated self-report measure that used to asses fear of pain in children. The FOPQ-C include 23 ítems, which are rated on a 5-point scale ranging 0=" not at all" 5="very true". The items are divided across two subscales: fear of pain, and avoidance activities.
Change of Child Fear of pain at 3 moths postsurgery
Time frame: 3 moths
Assess by The Fear of Pain Questionnaire-Children (FOPQ-C): Is a validated self-report measure that used to asses fear of pain in children. The FOPQ-C include 23 ítems, which are rated on a 5-point scale ranging 0=" not at all" 5="very true". The items are divided across two subscales: fear of pain, and avoidance activities.
Change of Child Fear of pain at 6 moths postsurgery
Time frame: 6 moths
Assess by The Fear of Pain Questionnaire-Children (FOPQ-C): Is a validated self-report measure that used to asses fear of pain in children. The FOPQ-C include 23 ítems, which are rated on a 5-point scale ranging 0=" not at all" 5="very true". The items are divided across two subscales: fear of pain, and avoidance activities.
Baseline Child Kinesiophobia
Time frame: 1 day presurgery
Assess by The Tampa Scale Kinesiophobia (TSK-11). Is a 11-item scale that measures fear of move- ment-evoked pain and injury. Scale items ranges from 0 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree) with 4 reversed- scored items. Total scores range from 25 to 56 with higher scores indicative of a greater fear of movement.
Change of Child Kinesiophobia at 3 moths postsurgery
Time frame: 3 moths
Assess by The Tampa Scale Kinesiophobia (TSK-11). Is a 11-item scale that measures fear of move- ment-evoked pain and injury. Scale items ranges from 0 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree) with 4 reversed- scored items. Total scores range from 25 to 56 with higher scores indicative of a greater fear of movement.
Change of Child Kinesiophobia at 6 moths postsurgery
Time frame: 6 moths
Assess by The Tampa Scale Kinesiophobia (TSK-11). Is a 11-item scale that measures fear of move- ment-evoked pain and injury. Scale items ranges from 0 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree) with 4 reversed- scored items. Total scores range from 25 to 56 with higher scores indicative of a greater fear of movement.
Baseline Health-related Quality of Life in Children
Time frame: 1 day presurgery
Pediatric Quality of Life version 4.0 (PedsQL 4.0), which is a widely used measure of health-related quality of life in children. The PedsQL consists of 23-items and includes both child-report (for those age 8 and over). The PedsQL assesses the following four domains of functioning: physical, emotional, social, and school and items are rated on a five-point Likert-type scale that ranges from 0 (never a problem) to 4 (almost always a problem). Items are converted to create a 0-100 scale, with higher scores reflecting higher quality of life.
Change of Health-related Quality of Life in Children at 3 moths postsurgery
Time frame: 3 moths
Pediatric Quality of Life version 4.0 (PedsQL 4.0), which is a widely used measure of health-related quality of life in children. The PedsQL consists of 23-items and includes both child-report (for those age 8 and over). The PedsQL assesses the following four domains of functioning: physical, emotional, social, and school and items are rated on a five-point Likert-type scale that ranges from 0 (never a problem) to 4 (almost always a problem). Items are converted to create a 0-100 scale, with higher scores reflecting higher quality of life.
Change Health-related Quality of Life in Children at 6 moths postsurgery
Time frame: 6 moths
Pediatric Quality of Life version 4.0 (PedsQL 4.0), which is a widely used measure of health-related quality of life in children. The PedsQL consists of 23-items and includes both child-report (for those age 8 and over). The PedsQL assesses the following four domains of functioning: physical, emotional, social, and school and items are rated on a five-point Likert-type scale that ranges from 0 (never a problem) to 4 (almost always a problem). Items are converted to create a 0-100 scale, with higher scores reflecting higher quality of life.
Baseline Pain intensity
Time frame: 1 day presurgery
Assess by The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) is a verbally administered scale that measures pain intensity (''how much pain do you feel right now?''). The NRS can also be used to measure pain unpleas- antness (''how unpleasant/horrible/yucky is the pain right now?''). The end points represent the extremes of the pain experience.
Change of Pain intensity 3 moths postsurgery
Time frame: 3 moths
Assess by The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) is a verbally administered scale that measures pain intensity (''how much pain do you feel right now?''). The NRS can also be used to measure pain unpleas- antness (''how unpleasant/horrible/yucky is the pain right now?''). The end points represent the extremes of the pain experience.
Change of Pain intensity at 6 moths postsurgery
Time frame: 6 moths
Assess by The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) is a verbally administered scale that measures pain intensity (''how much pain do you feel right now?''). The NRS can also be used to measure pain unpleas- antness (''how unpleasant/horrible/yucky is the pain right now?''). The end points represent the extremes of the pain experience.
18 secondary outcomes
Baseline Parent Anxiety
Time frame: 1 day presurgery
Change of Parent Anxiety at 3 moths postsurgery
Time frame: 3 moths
Change of Parent Anxiety at 6 moths postsurgery
Time frame: 6 moths
Baseline Parent Catastrophizing
Time frame: 1 day presurgery
Change of Parent Catastrophizing at 3 months postsurgery
Time frame: 3 moths
Change of Parent Catastrophizing at 6 months postsurgery
Time frame: 6 moths
Baseline Parent Fear of pain
Time frame: 1 day presurgery
Change of Parent Fear of pain at 3 moths postsurgery
Time frame: 3 moths
Change of Parent Fear of pain at 6 moths postsurgery
Time frame: 6 moths
Baseline Parent Kinesiophobia
Time frame: 1 day presurgery
Change of Parent Kinesiophobia at 3 moths postsurgery
Time frame: 3 moths
Change of Parent Kinesiophobia at 6 moths postsurgery
Time frame: Baseline, 3 moths, 6 months
Baseline Health-related Quality of life in children
Time frame: 1 day presurgery
Change of Health-related Quality of life in children at 3 moths postsurgery
Time frame: 3 moths
Change of Health-related Quality of life in children at 6 moths postsurgery
Time frame: 6 months
Baseline Pain intensity assess by parents
Time frame: 1 day presurgery
Change of Pain intensity assess by parents at 3 moths postsurgery
Time frame: 3 moths
Change of Pain intensity assess by parents at 6 moths postsurgery
Time frame: 6 months
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 13 Aug 2021.
- Results publication: PubMed 18088558Huguet A, Miro J. The severity of chronic pediatric pain: an epidemiological study. J Pain. 2008 Mar;9(3):226-36. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2007.10.015. Epub 2007 Dec 21.
- Results publication: PubMed 17627893Miro J, Huguet A, Nieto R. Predictive factors of chronic pediatric pain and disability: a Delphi poll. J Pain. 2007 Oct;8(10):774-92. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2007.04.009. Epub 2007 Jul 12.
- Results publication: PubMed 28494878Cai Y, Lopata L, Roh A, Huang M, Monteleone MA, Wang S, Sun LS. Factors influencing postoperative pain following discharge in pediatric ambulatory surgery patients. J Clin Anesth. 2017 Jun;39:100-104. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2017.03.033. Epub 2017 Apr 1.
- Results publication: PubMed 18301813Taylor EM, Boyer K, Campbell FA. Pain in hospitalized children: a prospective cross-sectional survey of pain prevalence, intensity, assessment and management in a Canadian pediatric teaching hospital. Pain Res Manag. 2008 Jan-Feb;13(1):25-32. doi: 10.1155/2008/478102.
- Results publication: PubMed 30586076Nugraha B, Gutenbrunner C, Barke A, Karst M, Schiller J, Schafer P, Falter S, Korwisi B, Rief W, Treede RD; IASP Taskforce for the Classification of Chronic Pain. The IASP classification of chronic pain for ICD-11: functioning properties of chronic pain. Pain. 2019 Jan;160(1):88-94. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001433.
- Results publication: PubMed 28512138Rosenberg RE, Clark RA, Chibbaro P, Hambrick HR, Bruzzese JM, Feudtner C, Mendelsohn A. Factors Predicting Parent Anxiety Around Infant and Toddler Postoperative and Pain. Hosp Pediatr. 2017 Jun;7(6):313-319. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2016-0166. Epub 2017 May 16.
- Results publication: PubMed 28363861Rabbitts JA, Fisher E, Rosenbloom BN, Palermo TM. Prevalence and Predictors of Chronic Postsurgical Pain in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Pain. 2017 Jun;18(6):605-614. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2017.03.007. Epub 2017 Mar 29.
- Results publication: PubMed 30302887Voepel-Lewis T, Caird MS, Tait AR, Farley FA, Li Y, Malviya S, Hassett A, Weber M, Currier E, de Sibour T, Clauw DJ. A cluster of high psychological and somatic symptoms in children with idiopathic scoliosis predicts persistent pain and analgesic use 1 year after spine fusion. Paediatr Anaesth. 2018 Oct;28(10):873-880. doi: 10.1111/pan.13467.
- Results publication: PubMed 31814752Rosenbloom BN, Page MG, Isaac L, Campbell F, Stinson JN, Wright JG, Katz J. Pediatric Chronic Postsurgical Pain And Functional Disability: A Prospective Study Of Risk Factors Up To One Year After Major Surgery. J Pain Res. 2019 Nov 12;12:3079-3098. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S210594. eCollection 2019.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 39047258Ceniza-Bordallo G, Gomez Fraile A, Martin-Casas P, Rabbitts JA, Li R, Palermo TM, Lopez-de-Uralde-Villanueva I. Prevalence, pain trajectories, and presurgical predictors for chronic postsurgical pain in a pediatric sample in Spain with a 24-month follow-up. Pain. 2025 Jan 1;166(1):112-122. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003330. Epub 2024 Jul 10.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Chronic Postoperative Pain and Pediatric ALL, run by Guillermo Ceniza Bordallo at 1 site in Spain.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 13 Aug 2021. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Spain. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Type of surgery (time frame: 1 day presurgery). The study lists 23 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04735211, which also lists 10 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 13 Aug 2021.