Covid19AI-SCoRENCT04834934
Artificial Intelligence - SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Risk Evaluation
An observational study of Covid19, run by IRCCS San Raffaele at 1 site in Italy.
Trial summary
The management of COVID-19 patients in overwhelmed hospital facing the pandemic is a clinical challenge. The improvement of decision making may allow a better allocation of available resources and a better treatment of patients at higher risk. Chest CT has been widely adopted for COVID-19 pneumonia diagnosis. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 100 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Covid19
- How many people
- 2,000 participants
- Where
- 1 siteItaly
- Study dates
- 16 Feb 2020to 30 Jun 2021
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 100 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: Patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection with RT-PCR who performed non contrast chest CT scan within 72 hours after admission to the emergency department
Who may be able to join
- confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection with RT-PCR
- non contrast chest CT scan performed within 72 hours after admission to the emergency department
Who cannot join
- age < 18 ys
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Artificial Intelligence - SARS-CoV-2 Risk Evaluation
The management of COVID-19 patients in overwhelmed hospital facing the pandemic is a clinical challenge.
The improvement of decision making may allow a better allocation of available resources and a better treatment of patients at higher risk.
Read more
Chest CT has been widely adopted for COVID-19 pneumonia diagnosis. Several experiences documented the capability of Artificial Intelligence to improve and fasten COVID-19 pneumonia detection, mainly using chest X-ray.
Aim of the present study was to develop and validate an Artificial Intelligence approach integrating clinical and imaging data (automatically extracted through the adoption of dedicated neural networks) for the creation of a cloud platform capable of performing automatic patients risk stratification. Such an approach could be used for triage of COVID-19 patients in the emergency department, with the aim to improve healthcare personnel decision-making and allocation of resources during health emergencies.
- Conditions
- Covid19
- Keywords
- Artificial Intelligence, Covid19, Chest CT
- Medical subject headings
- COVID-19
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 first wave patients | 1700 patients retrospectively enrolled in 15 Italian hospitals from 16/2/2020 to 29/4/2020. | |
| COVID-19 second wave patients | 300 patients prospectively enrolled in IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital from 19/10/2020 to 31/12/2020. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Training, testing and validation of an AI platform for predicting Italian first wave Covid-19 patients prognosis.
Measured: 9 months
Secondary outcomes (1)
Validation of the developed AI platform on italian second wave of Covid-19 patients
Measured: 3 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted8 Apr 2021
- Study start16 Feb 2020
- Primary completion30 Sep 2020
- Study completion30 Jun 2021
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (19)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Covid19Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by IRCCS San RaffaeleThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Retrospective
- Enrolment
- 2,000 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- IRCCS San Raffaele
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Regione Lombardia, Orobix Srl, Microsoft Corporation, ASST Bergamo Est, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, NVIDIA Corporation, PORINI Srl
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Antonio Esposito, IRCCS San Raffaele
- Investigators
- Antonio Esposito, MD, Principal investigator, IRCCS San Raffaele
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04834934
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- AI-SCoRE
- Acronym
- AI-SCoRE
- Status last verified
- Apr 2025
- First submitted
- 6 Apr 2021
- Last updated
- 1 May 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Emanuel EJ, Persad G, Upshur R, Thome B, Parker M, Glickman A, Zhang C, Boyle C, Smith M, Phillips JP. Fair Allocation of Scarce Medical Resources in the Time of Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020 May 21;382(21):2049-2055. doi: 10.1056/NEJMsb2005114. Epub 2020 Mar 23. No abstract available.
PubMed 32202722Ciceri F, Castagna A, Rovere-Querini P, De Cobelli F, Ruggeri A, Galli L, Conte C, De Lorenzo R, Poli A, Ambrosio A, Signorelli C, Bossi E, Fazio M, Tresoldi C, Colombo S, Monti G, Fominskiy E, Franchini S, Spessot M, Martinenghi C, Carlucci M, Beretta L, Scandroglio AM, Clementi M, Locatelli M, Tresoldi M, Scarpellini P, Martino G, Bosi E, Dagna L, Lazzarin A, Landoni G, Zangrillo A. Early predictors of clinical outcomes of COVID-19 outbreak in Milan, Italy. Clin Immunol. 2020 Aug;217:108509. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108509. Epub 2020 Jun 12.
PubMed 32535188Patel D, Kher V, Desai B, Lei X, Cen S, Nanda N, Gholamrezanezhad A, Duddalwar V, Varghese B, Oberai AA. Machine learning based predictors for COVID-19 disease severity. Sci Rep. 2021 Feb 25;11(1):4673. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-83967-7.
PubMed 33633145Palmisano A, Scotti GM, Ippolito D, Morelli MJ, Vignale D, Gandola D, Sironi S, De Cobelli F, Ferrante L, Spessot M, Tonon G, Tacchetti C, Esposito A. Chest CT in the emergency department for suspected COVID-19 pneumonia. Radiol Med. 2021 Mar;126(3):498-502. doi: 10.1007/s11547-020-01302-y. Epub 2020 Nov 9.
PubMed 33165767Park JH, Lee SG, Ahn S, Kim JY, Song J, Moon S, Cho H. Strategies to prevent COVID-19 transmission in the emergency department of a regional base hospital in Korea: From index patient until pandemic declaration. Am J Emerg Med. 2021 Aug;46:247-253. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.056. Epub 2020 Jul 24.
PubMed 33059986Ai T, Yang Z, Hou H, Zhan C, Chen C, Lv W, Tao Q, Sun Z, Xia L. Correlation of Chest CT and RT-PCR Testing for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: A Report of 1014 Cases. Radiology. 2020 Aug;296(2):E32-E40. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020200642. Epub 2020 Feb 26.
PubMed 32101510Wehbe RM, Sheng J, Dutta S, Chai S, Dravid A, Barutcu S, Wu Y, Cantrell DR, Xiao N, Allen BD, MacNealy GA, Savas H, Agrawal R, Parekh N, Katsaggelos AK. DeepCOVID-XR: An Artificial Intelligence Algorithm to Detect COVID-19 on Chest Radiographs Trained and Tested on a Large U.S. Clinical Data Set. Radiology. 2021 Apr;299(1):E167-E176. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020203511. Epub 2020 Nov 24.
PubMed 33231531Schalekamp S, Huisman M, van Dijk RA, Boomsma MF, Freire Jorge PJ, de Boer WS, Herder GJM, Bonarius M, Groot OA, Jong E, Schreuder A, Schaefer-Prokop CM. Model-based Prediction of Critical Illness in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19. Radiology. 2021 Jan;298(1):E46-E54. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020202723. Epub 2020 Aug 13.
PubMed 32787701Cheng FY, Joshi H, Tandon P, Freeman R, Reich DL, Mazumdar M, Kohli-Seth R, Levin M, Timsina P, Kia A. Using Machine Learning to Predict ICU Transfer in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients. J Clin Med. 2020 Jun 1;9(6):1668. doi: 10.3390/jcm9061668.
PubMed 32492874Liang W, Yao J, Chen A, Lv Q, Zanin M, Liu J, Wong S, Li Y, Lu J, Liang H, Chen G, Guo H, Guo J, Zhou R, Ou L, Zhou N, Chen H, Yang F, Han X, Huan W, Tang W, Guan W, Chen Z, Zhao Y, Sang L, Xu Y, Wang W, Li S, Lu L, Zhang N, Zhong N, Huang J, He J. Early triage of critically ill COVID-19 patients using deep learning. Nat Commun. 2020 Jul 15;11(1):3543. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-17280-8.
PubMed 32669540Monaco CG, Zaottini F, Schiaffino S, Villa A, Della Pepa G, Carbonaro LA, Menicagli L, Cozzi A, Carriero S, Arpaia F, Di Leo G, Astengo D, Rosenberg I, Sardanelli F. Chest x-ray severity score in COVID-19 patients on emergency department admission: a two-centre study. Eur Radiol Exp. 2020 Dec 15;4(1):68. doi: 10.1186/s41747-020-00195-w.
PubMed 33319321Wong HYF, Lam HYS, Fong AH, Leung ST, Chin TW, Lo CSY, Lui MM, Lee JCY, Chiu KW, Chung TW, Lee EYP, Wan EYF, Hung IFN, Lam TPW, Kuo MD, Ng MY. Frequency and Distribution of Chest Radiographic Findings in Patients Positive for COVID-19. Radiology. 2020 Aug;296(2):E72-E78. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020201160. Epub 2020 Mar 27.
PubMed 32216717Chorath A, Choi Y, Turkbey EB, Ahlman MA, Sibley CT, Liu S, Bluemke DA, Sandfort V. Coronary CT Angiography and Carotid MRI Improve Phenotyping of Disease Extent Compared with ACC/AHA Risk Score Alone. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging. 2020 Feb 27;2(1):e190068. doi: 10.1148/ryct.2020190068.
PubMed 32715300Neri E, Miele V, Coppola F, Grassi R. Use of CT and artificial intelligence in suspected or COVID-19 positive patients: statement of the Italian Society of Medical and Interventional Radiology. Radiol Med. 2020 May;125(5):505-508. doi: 10.1007/s11547-020-01197-9. Epub 2020 Apr 29.
PubMed 32350794Bai HX, Wang R, Xiong Z, Hsieh B, Chang K, Halsey K, Tran TML, Choi JW, Wang DC, Shi LB, Mei J, Jiang XL, Pan I, Zeng QH, Hu PF, Li YH, Fu FX, Huang RY, Sebro R, Yu QZ, Atalay MK, Liao WH. Artificial Intelligence Augmentation of Radiologist Performance in Distinguishing COVID-19 from Pneumonia of Other Origin at Chest CT. Radiology. 2020 Sep;296(3):E156-E165. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020201491. Epub 2020 Apr 27.
PubMed 32339081
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 1 May 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Artificial Intelligence - SARS-CoV-2 Risk Evaluation
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04834934
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- AI-SCoRE / AI-SCoRE
- Conditions
- Covid19
- Keywords
- Artificial Intelligence, Covid19, Chest CT
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 2,000 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- IRCCS San RaffaeleUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Regione Lombardia, Orobix Srl, Microsoft Corporation, ASST Bergamo Est, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, NVIDIA Corporation, PORINI Srl
- Study start
- 16 Feb 2020 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Sep 2020 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Jun 2021 (actual)
- First posted
- 8 Apr 2021 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The management of COVID-19 patients in overwhelmed hospital facing the pandemic is a clinical challenge.
The improvement of decision making may allow a better allocation of available resources and a better treatment of patients at higher risk.
Chest CT has been widely adopted for COVID-19 pneumonia diagnosis. Several experiences documented the capability of Artificial Intelligence to improve and fasten COVID-19 pneumonia detection, mainly using chest X-ray.
Aim of the present study was to develop and validate an Artificial Intelligence approach integrating clinical and imaging data (automatically extracted through the adoption of dedicated neural networks) for the creation of a cloud platform capable of performing automatic patients risk stratification. Such an approach could be used for triage of COVID-19 patients in the emergency department, with the aim to improve healthcare personnel decision-making and allocation of resources during health emergencies.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Retrospective
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 first wave patients | – | –1700 patients retrospectively enrolled in 15 Italian hospitals from 16/2/2020 to 29/4/2020. |
| COVID-19 second wave patients | – | –300 patients prospectively enrolled in IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital from 19/10/2020 to 31/12/2020. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 100 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection with RT-PCR who performed non contrast chest CT scan within 72 hours after admission to the emergency department
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection with RT-PCR
- non contrast chest CT scan performed within 72 hours after admission to the emergency department
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- age < 18 ys
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
Training, testing and validation of an AI platform for predicting Italian first wave Covid-19 patients prognosis.
Time frame: 9 months
1 secondary outcome
Validation of the developed AI platform on italian second wave of Covid-19 patients
Time frame: 3 months
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 1 May 2025.
- Background: PubMed 32202722Emanuel EJ, Persad G, Upshur R, Thome B, Parker M, Glickman A, Zhang C, Boyle C, Smith M, Phillips JP. Fair Allocation of Scarce Medical Resources in the Time of Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020 May 21;382(21):2049-2055. doi: 10.1056/NEJMsb2005114. Epub 2020 Mar 23. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 32535188Ciceri F, Castagna A, Rovere-Querini P, De Cobelli F, Ruggeri A, Galli L, Conte C, De Lorenzo R, Poli A, Ambrosio A, Signorelli C, Bossi E, Fazio M, Tresoldi C, Colombo S, Monti G, Fominskiy E, Franchini S, Spessot M, Martinenghi C, Carlucci M, Beretta L, Scandroglio AM, Clementi M, Locatelli M, Tresoldi M, Scarpellini P, Martino G, Bosi E, Dagna L, Lazzarin A, Landoni G, Zangrillo A. Early predictors of clinical outcomes of COVID-19 outbreak in Milan, Italy. Clin Immunol. 2020 Aug;217:108509. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108509. Epub 2020 Jun 12.
- Background: PubMed 33633145Patel D, Kher V, Desai B, Lei X, Cen S, Nanda N, Gholamrezanezhad A, Duddalwar V, Varghese B, Oberai AA. Machine learning based predictors for COVID-19 disease severity. Sci Rep. 2021 Feb 25;11(1):4673. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-83967-7.
- Background: PubMed 33165767Palmisano A, Scotti GM, Ippolito D, Morelli MJ, Vignale D, Gandola D, Sironi S, De Cobelli F, Ferrante L, Spessot M, Tonon G, Tacchetti C, Esposito A. Chest CT in the emergency department for suspected COVID-19 pneumonia. Radiol Med. 2021 Mar;126(3):498-502. doi: 10.1007/s11547-020-01302-y. Epub 2020 Nov 9.
- Background: PubMed 33059986Park JH, Lee SG, Ahn S, Kim JY, Song J, Moon S, Cho H. Strategies to prevent COVID-19 transmission in the emergency department of a regional base hospital in Korea: From index patient until pandemic declaration. Am J Emerg Med. 2021 Aug;46:247-253. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.07.056. Epub 2020 Jul 24.
- Background: PubMed 32101510Ai T, Yang Z, Hou H, Zhan C, Chen C, Lv W, Tao Q, Sun Z, Xia L. Correlation of Chest CT and RT-PCR Testing for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: A Report of 1014 Cases. Radiology. 2020 Aug;296(2):E32-E40. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020200642. Epub 2020 Feb 26.
- Background: PubMed 33231531Wehbe RM, Sheng J, Dutta S, Chai S, Dravid A, Barutcu S, Wu Y, Cantrell DR, Xiao N, Allen BD, MacNealy GA, Savas H, Agrawal R, Parekh N, Katsaggelos AK. DeepCOVID-XR: An Artificial Intelligence Algorithm to Detect COVID-19 on Chest Radiographs Trained and Tested on a Large U.S. Clinical Data Set. Radiology. 2021 Apr;299(1):E167-E176. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020203511. Epub 2020 Nov 24.
- Background: PubMed 32787701Schalekamp S, Huisman M, van Dijk RA, Boomsma MF, Freire Jorge PJ, de Boer WS, Herder GJM, Bonarius M, Groot OA, Jong E, Schreuder A, Schaefer-Prokop CM. Model-based Prediction of Critical Illness in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19. Radiology. 2021 Jan;298(1):E46-E54. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020202723. Epub 2020 Aug 13.
- Background: PubMed 32492874Cheng FY, Joshi H, Tandon P, Freeman R, Reich DL, Mazumdar M, Kohli-Seth R, Levin M, Timsina P, Kia A. Using Machine Learning to Predict ICU Transfer in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients. J Clin Med. 2020 Jun 1;9(6):1668. doi: 10.3390/jcm9061668.
- Background: PubMed 32669540Liang W, Yao J, Chen A, Lv Q, Zanin M, Liu J, Wong S, Li Y, Lu J, Liang H, Chen G, Guo H, Guo J, Zhou R, Ou L, Zhou N, Chen H, Yang F, Han X, Huan W, Tang W, Guan W, Chen Z, Zhao Y, Sang L, Xu Y, Wang W, Li S, Lu L, Zhang N, Zhong N, Huang J, He J. Early triage of critically ill COVID-19 patients using deep learning. Nat Commun. 2020 Jul 15;11(1):3543. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-17280-8.
- Background: PubMed 33319321Monaco CG, Zaottini F, Schiaffino S, Villa A, Della Pepa G, Carbonaro LA, Menicagli L, Cozzi A, Carriero S, Arpaia F, Di Leo G, Astengo D, Rosenberg I, Sardanelli F. Chest x-ray severity score in COVID-19 patients on emergency department admission: a two-centre study. Eur Radiol Exp. 2020 Dec 15;4(1):68. doi: 10.1186/s41747-020-00195-w.
- Background: PubMed 32216717Wong HYF, Lam HYS, Fong AH, Leung ST, Chin TW, Lo CSY, Lui MM, Lee JCY, Chiu KW, Chung TW, Lee EYP, Wan EYF, Hung IFN, Lam TPW, Kuo MD, Ng MY. Frequency and Distribution of Chest Radiographic Findings in Patients Positive for COVID-19. Radiology. 2020 Aug;296(2):E72-E78. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020201160. Epub 2020 Mar 27.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Antonio Esposito, MD principal investigator
IRCCS San Raffaele
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Covid19, run by IRCCS San Raffaele at 1 site in Italy.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 1 May 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Italy. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Training, testing and validation of an AI platform for predicting Italian first wave Covid-19 patients prognosis. (time frame: 9 months). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04834934, which also lists 19 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 1 May 2025.