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Alzheimer DiseaseNCT04851691

An Electronic Clinical Decision Support Tool to Reduce Low-value Antipsychotic Prescriptions

A study testing EHR CDS in people with Alzheimer Disease and Dementia Alzheimers, run by University of California, Los Angeles at 1 site in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

The goal of this study will be to design, implement and test the impact of a quality improvement (QI) intervention that uses an EHR CDS tool among physicians newly ordering an antipsychotic medication for older adults with ADRD. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and older
What is being tested?
EHR CDS
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
158 participants
Where
1 siteUnited States
Study dates
3 Aug 2021to 14 Aug 2023
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Physicians who will be eligible to receive the EHR CDS tool intervention include those who provide ambulatory care in the UCLA health system and have newly prescribed antipsychotics (e.g., Quetiepine, Olanzapine, Risperidone, Aripiprazole, Haloperidol, Clozapine) for eligible patients (described below) at the medical center in the last 24 months.
  • Eligible patients will be enrolled in the study during their first encounter with one of the randomized physicians (see above) during which a new antipsychotic medication order will be initiated. Inclusion criteria for patients will include: 1) having an assigned primary care physician (PCP) and/or assignment to an Accountable Care Organization (ACO) at UCLA Health, and: 2) being part of the health system's EHR-based dementia registry.

Who cannot join

  • Patients who have diagnosis codes for schizophrenic disorders, delusion disorders, bipolar disorders, or other non-organic psychoses on their problem list.
  • Patients with Parkinson's disease on their problem list
  • Patients who have been prescribed antipsychotics in the prior 12 months

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United States1 site
  • UCLA Health

    Los Angeles, California, 90095

Other trials in United States

About this study

Official title: A Pragmatic Randomized-controlled Trial of a Multi-pronged Electronic Health Record-based Clinical Decision Support Tool to Reduce Low-value Antipsychotic Prescriptions Among Older Adults With Alzheimer's and Related Dementias

The goal of this study will be to design, implement and test the impact of a quality improvement (QI) intervention that uses an EHR CDS tool among physicians newly ordering an antipsychotic medication for older adults with ADRD. The study team hypothesizes that the intervention will reduce each participating clinician's pill days per patient prescribed.

Read the detailed description

Importance: Among patients with Alzheimer's disease and its related dementias (ADRD) with behavioral disturbances, antipsychotic prescriptions have limited efficacy and substantially increase risk of death. Despite an FDA 2005 "black box" warning and multiple professional physician society guidelines discouraging their use, physicians continue to frequently prescribe antipsychotic medications as first-line therapy for behavioral disturbances among patients with ADRD.

Objective: This study will measure the impact of a multi-pronged electronic health record (EHR) clinical decision support (CDS) tool intervention to reduce physician prescriptions of new antipsychotic medications among older adults with ADRD.

Design, Setting, and Participants: Utilizing a pragmatic parallel cluster-randomized trial design, the study will randomize eligible physicians from a large urban academic medical center to either receive an EHR CDS tool (intervention) or not (control) when they prescribe a new antipsychotic medication during a visit with a patient with ADRD. The intervention will include three components: (1) alerts the prescriber that antipsychotic prescriptions increase mortality; (2) offers non-pharmacological behavioral resources for caregivers; and if the prescriber does not cancel the order (3) auto-defaults the prescription to contain the lowest dose and number of pills (n=30) without refills. In addition, the PI will email all providers randomized to the intervention arm in order to make them aware of the components of this intervention and its motivation. Acknowledging the clinical complexity of this vulnerable patient population, the multidisciplinary study team attempted to design the intervention to maximize impact while minimizing clinician burden. Over a one-year timeframe, the study team will compare the cumulative total of new antipsychotic pill-days prescribed (primary outcome) by physicians in the intervention group versus in the control group.

Hypothesis: This pragmatic trial will advance understanding of how a multi-pronged EHR CDS tool can potentially reduce harmful, low-value care among older adults with ADRD.

Being tested
EHR CDS, Usual Care
Keywords
Low Value Care, Antipsychotic medication
Medical subject headings
Alzheimer Disease

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • EHR CDSBehavioural

    When a clinician initiates a new antipsychotic prescription for a patient with dementia, a three-pronged electronic health record clinical decision support tool "pops up": (1) Alerting clinicians that antipsychotic prescriptions increase patient mortality; (2) Offering non-pharmacological behavioral resources for caregivers via a link to the IDEA! strategy resources on how caregivers can best manage a patient's behavioral disturbance non-pharmacologically, which will be available in the EHR to include in the patient's after visit summary; and (3) Defaulting prescriptions to a low supply of pills in to order to minimize harm. In addition, the PI will email all providers randomized to the intervention arm in order to make them aware of the components of this intervention and its motivation.

  • Usual CareOther

    Patients will receive usual care from their physicians.

Study groups in NCT04851691
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
EHR CDS toolExperimentalPatients with an encounter in which the physician attempts to place an order for a new antipsychotic prescription. Physician has been assigned to the EHR CDS tool. Multi-pronged electronic health record (EHR) clinical decision support (CDS) tool intervention to reduce physician prescriptions of new antipsychotic medications among older adults with ADRD
Receives: Behavioral: EHR CDS
ControlExperimentalPatients with an encounter in which the physician attempts to place an order for a new antipsychotic prescription. Physician has been assigned to the control. Physicians will not receive intervention and perform duties as usual.
Receives: Other: Usual Care

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Cumulative Total of New Antipsychotic Pill-days Prescribed

    Cumulative total of new antipsychotic prescription days supplied by clinicians per eligible patient in the 12 months after the intervention rollout date compared to the prior 12-months

    Measured: 12 month time point

Secondary outcomes (5)
  1. Number of Patients Who Receive Handout

    Number of patients who receive the non-Pharmacologic IDEA Strategy handout at 12 month time point comparing the intervention vs. control

    Measured: 12 month time point

  2. Number of Patients With ER Visit

    Number of patients with at least one emergency department visit within 90 days of being exposed to the intervention

    Measured: 90 days

  3. Number of Patients With Hospitalization

    Number of patients with at least one hospitalization within 90 days of being exposed to the intervention

    Measured: 90 days

  4. Hospitalizations (Including Psychiatric Hospitalizations)

    Hospitalizations (including psychiatric hospitalizations) within 90 days of being exposed to the intervention

    Measured: 90 days

  5. Death Within 90 Days After Enrollment

    Death within 90 days after enrollment

    Measured: 90 days

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted20 Apr 2021
  2. Study start3 Aug 2021
  3. Primary completion11 Apr 2023
  4. Study completion14 Aug 2023

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Health services research
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
Single blind
Who is masked
Participant
Enrolment
158 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT04851691
Sponsor's protocol ID
R01AG059815-01S1
Other IDs
1R01AG059815-01, R01AG059815-01S1
Status last verified
Aug 2024
First submitted
2 Apr 2021
Last updated
19 Sep 2024
Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No

Publications

  • Schneider LS, Tariot PN, Dagerman KS, Davis SM, Hsiao JK, Ismail MS, Lebowitz BD, Lyketsos CG, Ryan JM, Stroup TS, Sultzer DL, Weintraub D, Lieberman JA; CATIE-AD Study Group. Effectiveness of atypical antipsychotic drugs in patients with Alzheimer's disease. N Engl J Med. 2006 Oct 12;355(15):1525-38. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa061240.

    PubMed 17035647
  • Hwang YJ, Dixon SN, Reiss JP, Wald R, Parikh CR, Gandhi S, Shariff SZ, Pannu N, Nash DM, Rehman F, Garg AX. Atypical antipsychotic drugs and the risk for acute kidney injury and other adverse outcomes in older adults: a population-based cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2014 Aug 19;161(4):242-8. doi: 10.7326/M13-2796.

    PubMed 25133360
  • Maher AR, Maglione M, Bagley S, Suttorp M, Hu JH, Ewing B, Wang Z, Timmer M, Sultzer D, Shekelle PG. Efficacy and comparative effectiveness of atypical antipsychotic medications for off-label uses in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2011 Sep 28;306(12):1359-69. doi: 10.1001/jama.2011.1360.

    PubMed 21954480
  • American Geriatrics Society. Ten things clinicians and patients should question. Choosing wisely: an initiative of the ABIM foundation. http://www.choosingwisely.org/societies/american-geriatrics-society/. Accessed Revised April 23, 2015.

  • Reus VI, Fochtmann LJ, Eyler AE, Hilty DM, Horvitz-Lennon M, Jibson MD, Lopez OL, Mahoney J, Pasic J, Tan ZS, Wills CD, Rhoads R, Yager J. The American Psychiatric Association Practice Guideline on the Use of Antipsychotics to Treat Agitation or Psychosis in Patients With Dementia. Am J Psychiatry. 2016 May 1;173(5):543-6. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.173501. No abstract available.

    PubMed 27133416
  • Kuehn BM. FDA warns antipsychotic drugs may be risky for elderly. JAMA. 2005 May 25;293(20):2462. doi: 10.1001/jama.293.20.2462. No abstract available.

    PubMed 15914734
  • Maust DT, Strominger J, Bynum JPW, Langa KM, Gerlach LB, Zivin K, Marcus SC. Prevalence of Psychotropic and Opioid Prescription Fills Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults With Dementia in the US. JAMA. 2020 Aug 18;324(7):706-708. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.8519.

    PubMed 32808997
  • Morgan DJ, Leppin AL, Smith CD, Korenstein D. A Practical Framework for Understanding and Reducing Medical Overuse: Conceptualizing Overuse Through the Patient-Clinician Interaction. J Hosp Med. 2017 May;12(5):346-351. doi: 10.12788/jhm.2738.

    PubMed 28459906
  • Colla CH. Swimming against the current--what might work to reduce low-value care? N Engl J Med. 2014 Oct 2;371(14):1280-3. doi: 10.1056/NEJMp1404503. No abstract available.

    PubMed 25271601
  • Mafi JN, Parchman M. Low-value care: an intractable global problem with no quick fix. BMJ Qual Saf. 2018 May;27(5):333-336. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2017-007477. Epub 2018 Jan 13. No abstract available.

    PubMed 29331955
  • Bourdeaux CP, Davies KJ, Thomas MJ, Bewley JS, Gould TH. Using 'nudge' principles for order set design: a before and after evaluation of an electronic prescribing template in critical care. BMJ Qual Saf. 2014 May;23(5):382-8. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2013-002395. Epub 2013 Nov 26.

    PubMed 24282310
  • Davidai S, Gilovich T, Ross LD. The meaning of default options for potential organ donors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Sep 18;109(38):15201-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1211695109. Epub 2012 Sep 4.

    PubMed 22949639
  • Patel MS, Day SC, Halpern SD, Hanson CW, Martinez JR, Honeywell S Jr, Volpp KG. Generic Medication Prescription Rates After Health System-Wide Redesign of Default Options Within the Electronic Health Record. JAMA Intern Med. 2016 Jun 1;176(6):847-8. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.1691. No abstract available.

    PubMed 27159011
  • Sacarny A, Barnett ML, Le J, Tetkoski F, Yokum D, Agrawal S. Effect of Peer Comparison Letters for High-Volume Primary Care Prescribers of Quetiapine in Older and Disabled Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2018 Oct 1;75(10):1003-1011. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.1867.

    PubMed 30073273
  • Roddy E, Jones E. On Hippocrates. Hippocratic ideals are alive and well in 21st century. BMJ. 2002 Aug 31;325(7362):496. doi: 10.1136/bmj.325.7362.496/a. No abstract available.

    PubMed 12202343

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing EHR CDS in people with Alzheimer Disease and Dementia Alzheimers, run by University of California, Los Angeles at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 19 Sep 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 19 Sep 2024). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Cumulative Total of New Antipsychotic Pill-days Prescribed (time frame: 12 month time point). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04851691, which also lists 19 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 19 Sep 2024; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 30 Oct 2026.

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