Sports Physical TherapyNCT04993937
Effectiveness of 6 Weeks Plyometric Training on Agility Among University Male Students.
A study testing Intervention in people with Sports Physical Therapy, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
Plyometrics is a kind of exercise training that focuses on increasing muscular power by varying the pace and force of various motions. Plyometrics training can help you enhance your physical performance and ability to do a variety of tasks. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 19 to 25 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Sports Physical Therapy
- What is being tested?
- Intervention
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 42 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 1 Mar 2021to 10 Jul 2021
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 19 to 25 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Students will be selected that have spent at least one year
- BMI (18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2)
- Only male students will be included
Who cannot join
- Students undergone surgery or had accident within last 6 months.
- Should not involve in any plyometric technique before and at the time of study
- Students involved in any other exercise plan
- Not willing students
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Pakistan1 site
University of Lahore, Chenab Campus
Gujrat, Punjab Province, 50700
About this study
Plyometrics is a kind of exercise training that focuses on increasing muscular power by varying the pace and force of various motions. Plyometrics training can help you enhance your physical performance and ability to do a variety of tasks. Pushups, throwing, sprinting, leaping, and kicking are just a few examples of plyometric activities. Plyometrics are commonly used by athletes, although these routines may be done by anybody. Plyometrics are used by people in physical therapy after an accident or injury to get back into form and physical function. Speed, explosive power, coordination, and particular sports skills may all be improved with agility training. Agility training routines can benefit players of all levels, from high school to professional sports teams. Include these drills in your training regimen a few times a week to improve your foot speed and sports technique.
Read the detailed description
The ability of the neuromuscular and musculoskeletal systems to generate force at a specific velocity, in a particular direction, appears to be critical for many sports that involve sprinting, jumping and throwing. In light of the above, plyometric training can be used to enhance the ability of skeletal muscle to exert maximal force in as short a time as possible. Plyometric training typically includes various unilateral and bilateral jumps, hops and bounds with coaches often prescribing these in a multidirectional fashion to reflect the unpredictable nature of field and court sports. The rationale of this approach is founded on the well-accepted principle that adaptations to vertically (VPT) and horizontally orientated PT will transfer better to athletic tasks that are carried out in the same direction as they are performed. Plyometric consists of a rapid stretching of a muscle (eccentric action) immediately followed by a concentric or shortening action of the same muscle and connective tissue, the stored elastic energy within the muscle is used to produce more force than can be provided by a concentric action alone. Though aerobic capacity is important during a soccer game high-intensity single-bout efforts also play an important role for physical performance. in this sense, aside from endurance activity, female soccer players must also perform numerous explosive action including jumping, kicking, accelerating, decelerating and changing of direction, with most of these preceding goal opportunities in competitive leagues. specifically, the straight sprint (45%) followed by vertical jumps (16%) have shown to be the two most frequent actions in goal situations during professional soccer matches. Studies also suggest that changes in motor performance skills resulting from the performance of combined resistance training and plyometric training are greater than with either type of training alone. Six weeks of combined resistance training and plyometric training would lead to greater improvements in fitness performance in healthy boys than resistance training and static stretching. Plyometric training has been proposed for the development of explosive power performance and specifically for the improvement of vertical jump ability. he main finding of this study was the improvement of either vertical- and horizontal jump performance in basketball players as a consequence of a multipurpose plyometric training intervention.
- Conditions
- Sports Physical Therapy
- Being tested
- Intervention, Control Group
- Keywords
- T test,, Ilinois agility test,, Plyometric training
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
InterventionOther
Interventional group will receive 6 weeks of plyometric training and receive training for week and three sessions in a week.
Control GroupOther
Control group will follow their daily routine activities and may involve in any other exercise program rather than plyometric exercises.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Control group | Active comparator | Control group will follow their daily routine activities. Receives: Other: Control Group |
| Experimental group | Experimental | Interventional group will receive 6 weeks of plyometric training and receive training for week and three sessions in a week. Receives: Other: Intervention |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
T test
In T test players have to run 40 yards and time will be noted in seconds. Rating starts from >11.5 seconds (poor) to <9.5 seconds (excellent).
Measured: 6th day
Illinois agility test
Player have to run about 60 meters and time will be noted in seconds with rating poor >18.8 seconds and excellent <15.9 seconds.
Measured: 6th day
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted6 Aug 2021
- Study start1 Mar 2021
- Primary completion30 Jun 2021
- Study completion10 Jul 2021
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (16)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Sports Physical TherapyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Riphah International UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 42 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Danish Latif, MSPT-SPT, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04993937
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/00925 Nadeem Asghar
- Status last verified
- Aug 2021
- First submitted
- 5 Aug 2021
- Last updated
- 6 Aug 2021
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Izquierdo M, Hakkinen K, Gonzalez-Badillo JJ, Ibanez J, Gorostiaga EM. Effects of long-term training specificity on maximal strength and power of the upper and lower extremities in athletes from different sports. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2002 Jul;87(3):264-71. doi: 10.1007/s00421-002-0628-y. Epub 2002 May 22.
PubMed 12111288Loturco I, Pereira LA, Kobal R, Zanetti V, Kitamura K, Abad CC, Nakamura FY. Transference effect of vertical and horizontal plyometrics on sprint performance of high-level U-20 soccer players. J Sports Sci. 2015;33(20):2182-91. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2015.1081394. Epub 2015 Sep 21.
PubMed 26390150Chmielewski TL, Myer GD, Kauffman D, Tillman SM. Plyometric exercise in the rehabilitation of athletes: physiological responses and clinical application. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2006 May;36(5):308-19. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2006.2013.
PubMed 16715831Ramirez-Campillo R, Alvarez C, Garcia-Hermoso A, Ramirez-Velez R, Gentil P, Asadi A, Chaabene H, Moran J, Meylan C, Garcia-de-Alcaraz A, Sanchez-Sanchez J, Nakamura FY, Granacher U, Kraemer W, Izquierdo M. Methodological Characteristics and Future Directions for Plyometric Jump Training Research: A Scoping Review. Sports Med. 2018 May;48(5):1059-1081. doi: 10.1007/s40279-018-0870-z.
PubMed 29470823Ziv G, Lidor R. Vertical jump in female and male basketball players--a review of observational and experimental studies. J Sci Med Sport. 2010 May;13(3):332-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2009.02.009. Epub 2009 May 13.
PubMed 19443269Ziv G, Lidor R. Vertical jump in female and male volleyball players: a review of observational and experimental studies. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2010 Aug;20(4):556-67. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01083.x.
PubMed 20459471Cappa DF, Behm DG. Training specificity of hurdle vs. countermovement jump training. J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Oct;25(10):2715-20. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318208d43c.
PubMed 21873903Miller MG, Herniman JJ, Ricard MD, Cheatham CC, Michael TJ. The effects of a 6-week plyometric training program on agility. J Sports Sci Med. 2006 Sep 1;5(3):459-65. eCollection 2006.
PubMed 24353464Thomas K, French D, Hayes PR. The effect of two plyometric training techniques on muscular power and agility in youth soccer players. J Strength Cond Res. 2009 Jan;23(1):332-5. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318183a01a.
PubMed 19002073Vaczi M, Tollar J, Meszler B, Juhasz I, Karsai I. Short-term high intensity plyometric training program improves strength, power and agility in male soccer players. J Hum Kinet. 2013 Mar 28;36:17-26. doi: 10.2478/hukin-2013-0002. Print 2013 Mar.
PubMed 23717351Faigenbaum AD, McFarland JE, Keiper FB, Tevlin W, Ratamess NA, Kang J, Hoffman JR. Effects of a short-term plyometric and resistance training program on fitness performance in boys age 12 to 15 years. J Sports Sci Med. 2007 Dec 1;6(4):519-25. eCollection 2007.
PubMed 24149486Khlifa R, Aouadi R, Hermassi S, Chelly MS, Jlid MC, Hbacha H, Castagna C. Effects of a plyometric training program with and without added load on jumping ability in basketball players. J Strength Cond Res. 2010 Nov;24(11):2955-61. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e37fbe.
PubMed 20938357Foure A, Nordez A, Cornu C. Plyometric training effects on Achilles tendon stiffness and dissipative properties. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2010 Sep;109(3):849-54. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01150.2009. Epub 2010 Jun 24.
PubMed 20576842Ramirez-Campillo R, Andrade DC, Izquierdo M. Effects of plyometric training volume and training surface on explosive strength. J Strength Cond Res. 2013 Oct;27(10):2714-22. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318280c9e9.
PubMed 23254550di Cagno A, Iuliano E, Buonsenso A, Giombini A, Di Martino G, Parisi A, Calcagno G, Fiorilli G. Effects of Accentuated Eccentric Training vs Plyometric Training on Performance of Young Elite Fencers. J Sports Sci Med. 2020 Nov 19;19(4):703-713. eCollection 2020 Dec.
PubMed 33239944
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 Aug 2021. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effectiveness of 6 Weeks Plyometric Training on Agility Among University Male Students.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04993937
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- REC/00925 Nadeem Asghar
- Conditions
- Sports Physical Therapy
- Keywords
- T test,, Ilinois agility test,, Plyometric training
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 42 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Mar 2021 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Jun 2021 (actual)
- Study completion
- 10 Jul 2021 (actual)
- First posted
- 6 Aug 2021 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Plyometrics is a kind of exercise training that focuses on increasing muscular power by varying the pace and force of various motions. Plyometrics training can help you enhance your physical performance and ability to do a variety of tasks. Pushups, throwing, sprinting, leaping, and kicking are just a few examples of plyometric activities. Plyometrics are commonly used by athletes, although these routines may be done by anybody. Plyometrics are used by people in physical therapy after an accident or injury to get back into form and physical function. Speed, explosive power, coordination, and particular sports skills may all be improved with agility training. Agility training routines can benefit players of all levels, from high school to professional sports teams. Include these drills in your training regimen a few times a week to improve your foot speed and sports technique.
Detailed description
The ability of the neuromuscular and musculoskeletal systems to generate force at a specific velocity, in a particular direction, appears to be critical for many sports that involve sprinting, jumping and throwing. In light of the above, plyometric training can be used to enhance the ability of skeletal muscle to exert maximal force in as short a time as possible. Plyometric training typically includes various unilateral and bilateral jumps, hops and bounds with coaches often prescribing these in a multidirectional fashion to reflect the unpredictable nature of field and court sports. The rationale of this approach is founded on the well-accepted principle that adaptations to vertically (VPT) and horizontally orientated PT will transfer better to athletic tasks that are carried out in the same direction as they are performed. Plyometric consists of a rapid stretching of a muscle (eccentric action) immediately followed by a concentric or shortening action of the same muscle and connective tissue, the stored elastic energy within the muscle is used to produce more force than can be provided by a concentric action alone. Though aerobic capacity is important during a soccer game high-intensity single-bout efforts also play an important role for physical performance. in this sense, aside from endurance activity, female soccer players must also perform numerous explosive action including jumping, kicking, accelerating, decelerating and changing of direction, with most of these preceding goal opportunities in competitive leagues. specifically, the straight sprint (45%) followed by vertical jumps (16%) have shown to be the two most frequent actions in goal situations during professional soccer matches. Studies also suggest that changes in motor performance skills resulting from the performance of combined resistance training and plyometric training are greater than with either type of training alone. Six weeks of combined resistance training and plyometric training would lead to greater improvements in fitness performance in healthy boys than resistance training and static stretching. Plyometric training has been proposed for the development of explosive power performance and specifically for the improvement of vertical jump ability. he main finding of this study was the improvement of either vertical- and horizontal jump performance in basketball players as a consequence of a multipurpose plyometric training intervention.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Control group | Active comparator | Other: Control GroupControl group will follow their daily routine activities. |
| Experimental group | Experimental | Other: InterventionInterventional group will receive 6 weeks of plyometric training and receive training for week and three sessions in a week. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 19 to 25 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Students will be selected that have spent at least one year
- BMI (18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2)
- Only male students will be included
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Students undergone surgery or had accident within last 6 months.
- Should not involve in any plyometric technique before and at the time of study
- Students involved in any other exercise plan
- Not willing students
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| InterventionInterventional group will receive 6 weeks of plyometric training and receive training for week and three sessions in a week. | Other | Experimental group |
| Control GroupControl group will follow their daily routine activities and may involve in any other exercise program rather than plyometric exercises. | Other | Control group |
Primary outcome
T test
Time frame: 6th day
In T test players have to run 40 yards and time will be noted in seconds. Rating starts from >11.5 seconds (poor) to <9.5 seconds (excellent).
Illinois agility test
Time frame: 6th day
Player have to run about 60 meters and time will be noted in seconds with rating poor >18.8 seconds and excellent <15.9 seconds.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 Aug 2021.
- Background: PubMed 12111288Izquierdo M, Hakkinen K, Gonzalez-Badillo JJ, Ibanez J, Gorostiaga EM. Effects of long-term training specificity on maximal strength and power of the upper and lower extremities in athletes from different sports. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2002 Jul;87(3):264-71. doi: 10.1007/s00421-002-0628-y. Epub 2002 May 22.
- Background: PubMed 26390150Loturco I, Pereira LA, Kobal R, Zanetti V, Kitamura K, Abad CC, Nakamura FY. Transference effect of vertical and horizontal plyometrics on sprint performance of high-level U-20 soccer players. J Sports Sci. 2015;33(20):2182-91. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2015.1081394. Epub 2015 Sep 21.
- Background: PubMed 16715831Chmielewski TL, Myer GD, Kauffman D, Tillman SM. Plyometric exercise in the rehabilitation of athletes: physiological responses and clinical application. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2006 May;36(5):308-19. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2006.2013.
- Background: PubMed 29470823Ramirez-Campillo R, Alvarez C, Garcia-Hermoso A, Ramirez-Velez R, Gentil P, Asadi A, Chaabene H, Moran J, Meylan C, Garcia-de-Alcaraz A, Sanchez-Sanchez J, Nakamura FY, Granacher U, Kraemer W, Izquierdo M. Methodological Characteristics and Future Directions for Plyometric Jump Training Research: A Scoping Review. Sports Med. 2018 May;48(5):1059-1081. doi: 10.1007/s40279-018-0870-z.
- Background: PubMed 19443269Ziv G, Lidor R. Vertical jump in female and male basketball players--a review of observational and experimental studies. J Sci Med Sport. 2010 May;13(3):332-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2009.02.009. Epub 2009 May 13.
- Background: PubMed 20459471Ziv G, Lidor R. Vertical jump in female and male volleyball players: a review of observational and experimental studies. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2010 Aug;20(4):556-67. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01083.x.
- Background: PubMed 21873903Cappa DF, Behm DG. Training specificity of hurdle vs. countermovement jump training. J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Oct;25(10):2715-20. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318208d43c.
- Background: PubMed 24353464Miller MG, Herniman JJ, Ricard MD, Cheatham CC, Michael TJ. The effects of a 6-week plyometric training program on agility. J Sports Sci Med. 2006 Sep 1;5(3):459-65. eCollection 2006.
- Background: PubMed 19002073Thomas K, French D, Hayes PR. The effect of two plyometric training techniques on muscular power and agility in youth soccer players. J Strength Cond Res. 2009 Jan;23(1):332-5. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318183a01a.
- Background: PubMed 23717351Vaczi M, Tollar J, Meszler B, Juhasz I, Karsai I. Short-term high intensity plyometric training program improves strength, power and agility in male soccer players. J Hum Kinet. 2013 Mar 28;36:17-26. doi: 10.2478/hukin-2013-0002. Print 2013 Mar.
- Background: PubMed 24149486Faigenbaum AD, McFarland JE, Keiper FB, Tevlin W, Ratamess NA, Kang J, Hoffman JR. Effects of a short-term plyometric and resistance training program on fitness performance in boys age 12 to 15 years. J Sports Sci Med. 2007 Dec 1;6(4):519-25. eCollection 2007.
- Background: PubMed 20938357Khlifa R, Aouadi R, Hermassi S, Chelly MS, Jlid MC, Hbacha H, Castagna C. Effects of a plyometric training program with and without added load on jumping ability in basketball players. J Strength Cond Res. 2010 Nov;24(11):2955-61. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e37fbe.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Danish Latif, MSPT-SPT principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Intervention in people with Sports Physical Therapy, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 Aug 2021. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
T test (time frame: 6th day). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04993937, which also lists 16 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 Aug 2021.