Natural History of Acquired and Inherited Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes

Study Description: This study will allow for the long term follow up of patients with acquired and inherited bone marrow failure, both treated and untreated.

Objectives:

Primary Objective

The primary objective is to characterize disease and treatment related long-term outcomes in subjects with inherited or acquired marrow failure.

Secondary Objectives

1. Rates of disease progression requiring intervention
2. Determine overall survival
3. Determine event free survival in subjects who receive treatment
4. Genetic or molecular biomarker to predict the long-term outcomes/early diagnosis in SAA and disease progression in other marrow failures.
5. Determine effects of pregnancy, viral infections, and vaccinations on disease course
6. Determine rates of both hematologic and solid organ malignancies
7. For Telomere Biology Disorders (TBD) cohort, assess the systemic impact of the disease including lung function, liver function, immunodeficiency, endocrine disorders, vascular disorders, and cardiovascular disease
8. For diseases with a genetic cause, determine the differences in clinical phenotype between different mutations causing the syndrome (example within TBD)
9. Family genetic studies to determine the incidence and penetrance of specific gene mutations within one family

Tertiary/Exploratory Objectives

1. Genomic analysis (including whole exome or whole genome sequencing) to seek a potentially disease-causing mutations in subjects who meet the clinical phenotype for inherited disease but do not harbor a known mutation using sequencing
2. Serial assessment of hematopoiesis and immune activity as it relates to clinical course

Endpoints:

Primary Endpoints:

Cohort 1 (SAA): Rate of relapse and clonal evolution in previously treated subjects.

Cohort 2 (Other Marrow Failure): Rate of progression (cytopenias or clonal evolution) requiring therapeutic intervention.

Cohort 3 Telomere Biology Disorders (TBD): Development of cytopenias, lung disease or liver disease, or (if present at baseline)

characterization, and rate of progression of cytopenias, lung disease or liver disease in TBD subjects and looking at their overall contribution to morbidity and mortality.

Cohort 4 Inherited Bone Marrow Failure (IBMF): Rate of progression to transfusion dependent marrow failure, marrow failure requiring therapeutic intervention (such as medical therapy or HSCT) or the progression to hematological or solid malignancy.

Secondary Endpoints:

Cohort 1 (SAA):

1. Response to treatment at 3 and 6 months and rates of relapse
2. Overall survival
3. Type and severity of additional medical diagnoses
4. Rates of clinically significant paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH)
5. Rates, timing, and treatment of abnormal iron status (iron overload or deficiency)
6. Rates and outcomes of pregnancy, and rate and treatment of abnormal menses
7. Rates of drug induced complications
8. Incidence of vaccination and rates of relapse following administration

Cohort 2 (Other Marrow Failure):

1. Treatment response
2. Development of PNH and occurrence of symptoms, or need for therapy
3. Overall survival

Cohort 3 (TBD):

1. Overall survival
2. Response to treatment in terms of improvement of cytopenias, or slower progression of lung or liver disease or fibrosis
3. Development of hematological or solid organ malignancy
4. Presence of an immunodeficiency or abnormal lab values (immunoglobulin or lymphocyte profile)
5. Presence of an endocrine disorder or abnormal hormonal levels
6. Presence of a vascular abnormality
7. Presence of an abnormal ECG or ECHO. Incidence of IHD over time
8. Presence, development of or rate of progression of cytopenias,lung disease, and liver disease compared between TBD causing mutations
9. Presence of TBD mutation in a family member and its association with cytopenias, short telomeres, and evidence of lung or liver involvement. Presence, development of or rate of progression of cytopenias, lung disease, and liver disease compared between family members with the same mutation
10. Genomic analysis using whole exome sequencing or whole genome sequencing to look for potentially disease causing variants in subjects who meet the clinical phenotype for TBD but do not have a known mutation

Cohort 4 (IBMF):

1. Overall survival
2. Treatment response
3. Development of hematological or solid organ malignancy
4. New medical diagnosis and its relationship to any treatment received
5. Record PNH incidence in IBMF as defined by a clone size of >1% in granulocytes
6. Determine the incidence of iron overload, its course with any IBMF treatments, and its response to chelation therapy
7. Record the outcomes of pregnant subjects
8. The presence of viral and bacterial infections and correlation to worsening cytopenias. Presence of worsening cytopenias after vaccination
9. Presence of IBMF mutation in a family member and its association with cytopenias, and other clinical phenotypes
10. Genomic analysis using whole exome sequencing or whole genome sequencing to look for potentially disease causing variants in subjects who meet the clinical phenotype for TBD but do not have a known mutation