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HypertensionLOCHINVARNCT05087290

LOnger-term Effects of COVID-19 INfection on Blood Vessels And Blood pRessure (LOCHINVAR)

An observational study of Hypertension and Covid19, run by University of Glasgow at 1 site in United Kingdom.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

The COVID-19 pandemic is the biggest medical challenge in decades. Individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular diseases have a higher risk of severe disease and death from COVID-19. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 30 to 60 years
Conditions the study is for
Hypertension, Covid19
What is being tested?
Cases
How many people
150 participants
Where
1 siteUnited Kingdom
Study dates
30 Sep 2021to 21 Sep 2023
Phase
Observational
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 30 to 60 years
  • All sexes
  • Adult

Study population: Patients admitted through Queen Elizabeth University Hospital (QEUH) receiving units with suspected/confirmed COVID-19 during 01/09/2020-31/12/2021 and who are alive at discharge. Clinically suspected COVID-19 should have either fever, new onset cough and/or anosmia/dysgeusia and/or ≥2 of the following presenting features (fatigue/generalised weakness, headache, myalgia, sore throat/coryzal symptoms, breathlessness, anorexia/nausea/vomiting, diarrhoea, contact with known COVID-19 positive case). OBELIX participants who have given consent previously will be re-contacted.

Who may be able to join

  • Age 30-60 years
  • Admission between 01/09/2020 - 31/12/2021
  • Clinically suspected or Confirmed COVID-19 Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) test confirmed COVID-19 on admission
  • No history of hypertension or current drug treatment for hypertension
  • Controls
  • Age 30-60
Show all 9Show fewer
  • No history of hypertension
  • No antihypertensive drugs
  • Confirmed RT-PCR test negative and admission through Queen Elizabeth University Hospital immediate assessment unit and acute receiving units 01/09/2020 to 31/12/2021 or no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19

Who cannot join

  • Inability to give informed consent/lack of capacity BMI >40 eGFR <60 ml/min Pregnancy History of
  • Cancer within 5 years
  • Persistent atrial fibrillation
  • Severe illness, at investigator discretion Prescription of
  • BP lowering drugs
  • Oral Corticosteroid (chronic use)
  • Immunosuppressive agents
  • Oral NSAIDs (chronic use)

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United Kingdom1 site
  • Professor Sandosh Padmanabhan

    Glasgow, G12 8QQ

Other trials in United Kingdom

About this study

Official title: Longer-term Effects of COVID-19 on Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure (LOCHINVAR) Phenotyping Study

The COVID-19 pandemic is the biggest medical challenge in decades. Individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular diseases have a higher risk of severe disease and death from COVID-19. The SARS-CoV-2 virus causes infection by targeting a molecule on the walls of the cells lining the lungs and the blood vessels leading to injury. There are concerns that after recovery from COVID-19, the damage sustained by these cells may have long-term consequences including high blood pressure, stroke and heart attacks. The burden of high blood pressure as a result of the pandemic is unknown and a greater understanding of COVID-19 impact on blood pressure and its underlying mechanisms is urgently needed.

LOCHINVAR is based on our pilot study "COVID-19 blood pressure endothelium interaction study" (OBELIX,NCT04409847, IRAS 284453), which found that patients with normal blood pressure at the time of hospital admission with COVID-19 showed a nine-point higher blood pressure ≥12 weeks after recovery, compared to a group without COVID-19. LOCHINVAR will extend the OBELIX study aiming to establish if COVID-19 increases the risk of developing high blood pressure and investigating underlying mechanisms through detailed measurements of blood pressure, blood vessel function, hormones and chemicals in the blood, urine and stool.

Read more

The investigators will invite 150 adults without pre-existing high blood pressure who were discharged from hospital after an admission: half with COVID-19 and half without. Baseline visit will be ≥12 weeks after discharge for measurements of blood pressure, tests of heart and blood vessel health, blood, urine and stool samples along with questionnaires on mood and quality of life. Two further study visits follow, at 12 and 18 months.

This study will generate crucial evidence on the long-term impact of COVID-19 on blood pressure along with information on potential mechanisms of this effect with immediate, transferable impact on clinical practice and inform risk mitigation measures.

Read the detailed description

The Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic is one of the biggest medical challenges in recent years. Whilst COVID-19 primarily affects the lungs, causing interstitial pneumonitis and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, it also affects multiple organ systems, including the cardiovascular system(1-3). There are documented associations between severity of disease/mortality risk and advancing age, male sex and associated comorbid disease (hypertension, ischaemic heart disease, diabetes, obesity, COPD and cancer).(4,5) The most common complications include cardiac dysrhythmia(6,7), cardiac injury(8,9), myocarditis, heart failure, pulmonary embolism10 and disseminated intravascular coagulation(11).

The SARS-CoV-2 virus uses the ACE2 receptor (ACE2) to enter type 2 pneumocytes, macrophages, perivascular pericytes, and cardiomyocytes.(12) This may lead to myocardial dysfunction and damage, endothelial dysfunction, microvascular dysfunction, plaque instability, and myocardial infarction.(12) In addition, ACE2 is expressed in several other organs including cells lining the blood vessels (endothelial cells), ACE2 is a key player in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) which is important in blood pressure regulation and is a target for some of the commonly used drugs used in the treatment of blood pressure. While ACE2 is essential for viral invasion, it is unclear if the use of the common antihypertensive drugs ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) alter prognosis in those with COVID-19 infection.(12) Furthermore, there is evidence that the normally occurring bacteria in the gut (gut microbiome) directly influences the makeup of the human immune system and has been implicated in severity of COVID-19 as well as in the magnitude of the immune system response to SARS-CoV-2 infection(13).

This study (LOCHINVAR) is based on the pilot study "COVID-19 blood pressure endothelium interaction study" (OBELIX), funded by the Chief Scientific Office. Preliminary results showed that participants who had COVID-19 infection had an 8.6mmHg increase in their average 24hr systolic blood pressure, compared to those that did not have COVID-19 infection. The investigators will increase our recruitment of potential participants to meet our sample size of 150 participants (75 SARS-CoV-2 +ve cases and 75 SARS-CoV-2 -ve cases) built on OBELIX. This study will allow us to have a better understanding of the risks of developing high blood pressure or uncontrolled blood pressure following COVID-19 infection. This will allow doctors to be able to make a recommendation on the current/long term management of people with high blood pressure beyond the pandemic.

Being tested
Cases, Controls
Keywords
Hypertension, COVID-19
Medical subject headings
Hypertension, COVID-19

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • CasesOther

    All performed at baseline, 12 months and 18 months Medical and drug history Anthropometric tests Electrocardiogram Brachial flow mediated dilatation 6 minute walk test Blood sampling Urine sampling 24-hr Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitor Questionnaires

    Optional:

    Stool sampling,24-hr Urine collection, Home Blood Pressure Monitor

  • ControlsOther

    All performed at baseline, 12 months and 18 months Medical and drug history Anthropometric tests Electrocardiogram Brachial flow mediated dilatation 6 minute walk test Blood sampling Urine sampling 24-hr Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitor Questionnaires

    Optional:

    Stool sampling,24-hr Urine collection, Home Blood Pressure Monitor

Study groups in NCT05087290
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
CasesSARS-CoV-2 +ve cases
Receives: Other: Cases
ControlSARS-CoV-2 -ve cases
Receives: Other: Controls

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. 24-hour ABPM Systolic Blood Pressure

    Average 24 hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring - Systolic Blood Pressure , (all day and night) at 12 months in SARS-CoV-2 +ve cases and in SARS-CoV-2 -ve controls

    Measured: 12 months

Secondary outcomes (7)
  1. 24-hour ABPM Diastolic Blood Pressure

    Average 24 hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring - Diastolic Blood Pressure, 24hr (all day and night) at 12 months and 18 months in SARS-CoV-2 +ve cases and in SARS-CoV-2 -ve controls

    Measured: 12 months and 18 months

  2. Day ABPM Systolic Blood Pressure

    Day Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (Average Systolic Blood Pressure) 8 am to 8 pm at 12 months and 18 months in SARS-CoV-2 +ve cases and in SARS-CoV-2 -ve controls

    Measured: 12 months and 18 months

  3. Day ABPM Diastolic Blood Pressure

    Day Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (Average Diastolic Blood Pressure), 8 am to 8 pm at 12 months and 18 months in SARS-CoV-2 +ve cases and in SARS-CoV-2 -ve controls

    Measured: 12 months and 18 months

  4. Night ABPM Systolic Blood Pressure

    Night Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (Average Systolic Blood Pressure) 8pm to 8 am at 12 months and 18 months in SARS-CoV-2 +ve cases and in SARS-CoV-2 -ve controls

    Measured: 12 months and 18 months

  5. Night ABPM Diastolic Blood Pressure

    Night Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (Average Diastolic Blood Pressure) 8pm to 8 am at 12 months and 18 months in SARS-CoV-2 +ve cases and in SARS-CoV-2 -ve controls

    Measured: 12 months and 18 months

  6. 24-hour ABPM Heart Rate

    24 hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring - Heart Rate, 24hr (all day and night) at 12 months and 18 months in SARS-CoV-2 +ve cases and in SARS-CoV-2 -ve controls

    Measured: 12 months and 18 months

  7. 24-hour Urine Sodium

    24-hour Urine Sodium at 12 months and 18 months in SARS-CoV-2 +ve cases and in SARS-CoV-2 -ve controls

    Measured: 12 months and 18 months

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted21 Oct 2021
  2. Study start30 Sep 2021
  3. Primary completion21 Sep 2023
  4. Study completion21 Sep 2023

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Observational
Observational model
Case-control
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrolment
150 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT05087290
Sponsor's protocol ID
GN20CA501
Other IDs
21/WS/0075, 299056, RG2690/21/24
Acronym
LOCHINVAR
Status last verified
Sep 2023
First submitted
18 Oct 2021
Last updated
26 Sep 2023
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No

Publications

  • Ruan Q, Yang K, Wang W, Jiang L, Song J. Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China. Intensive Care Med. 2020 May;46(5):846-848. doi: 10.1007/s00134-020-05991-x. Epub 2020 Mar 3. No abstract available.

    PubMed 32125452
  • Shi S, Qin M, Shen B, Cai Y, Liu T, Yang F, Gong W, Liu X, Liang J, Zhao Q, Huang H, Yang B, Huang C. Association of Cardiac Injury With Mortality in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Cardiol. 2020 Jul 1;5(7):802-810. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.0950.

    PubMed 32211816
  • Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhang L, Fan G, Xu J, Gu X, Cheng Z, Yu T, Xia J, Wei Y, Wu W, Xie X, Yin W, Li H, Liu M, Xiao Y, Gao H, Guo L, Xie J, Wang G, Jiang R, Gao Z, Jin Q, Wang J, Cao B. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020 Feb 15;395(10223):497-506. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5. Epub 2020 Jan 24.

    PubMed 31986264
  • Driggin E, Madhavan MV, Bikdeli B, Chuich T, Laracy J, Biondi-Zoccai G, Brown TS, Der Nigoghossian C, Zidar DA, Haythe J, Brodie D, Beckman JA, Kirtane AJ, Stone GW, Krumholz HM, Parikh SA. Cardiovascular Considerations for Patients, Health Care Workers, and Health Systems During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020 May 12;75(18):2352-2371. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.03.031. Epub 2020 Mar 19.

    PubMed 32201335
  • Richardson S, Hirsch JS, Narasimhan M, Crawford JM, McGinn T, Davidson KW; the Northwell COVID-19 Research Consortium; Barnaby DP, Becker LB, Chelico JD, Cohen SL, Cookingham J, Coppa K, Diefenbach MA, Dominello AJ, Duer-Hefele J, Falzon L, Gitlin J, Hajizadeh N, Harvin TG, Hirschwerk DA, Kim EJ, Kozel ZM, Marrast LM, Mogavero JN, Osorio GA, Qiu M, Zanos TP. Presenting Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes Among 5700 Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 in the New York City Area. JAMA. 2020 May 26;323(20):2052-2059. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.6775.

    PubMed 32320003
  • Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, Wang B, Xiang H, Cheng Z, Xiong Y, Zhao Y, Li Y, Wang X, Peng Z. Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA. 2020 Mar 17;323(11):1061-1069. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.1585.

    PubMed 32031570
  • Liu K, Fang YY, Deng Y, Liu W, Wang MF, Ma JP, Xiao W, Wang YN, Zhong MH, Li CH, Li GC, Liu HG. Clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus cases in tertiary hospitals in Hubei Province. Chin Med J (Engl). 2020 May 5;133(9):1025-1031. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000744.

    PubMed 32044814
  • Zheng YY, Ma YT, Zhang JY, Xie X. COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2020 May;17(5):259-260. doi: 10.1038/s41569-020-0360-5.

    PubMed 32139904
  • Lippi G, Lavie CJ, Sanchis-Gomar F. Cardiac troponin I in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Evidence from a meta-analysis. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2020 May-Jun;63(3):390-391. doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2020.03.001. Epub 2020 Mar 10. No abstract available.

    PubMed 32169400
  • Danzi GB, Loffi M, Galeazzi G, Gherbesi E. Acute pulmonary embolism and COVID-19 pneumonia: a random association? Eur Heart J. 2020 May 14;41(19):1858. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa254. No abstract available.

    PubMed 32227120
  • Tang N, Li D, Wang X, Sun Z. Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia. J Thromb Haemost. 2020 Apr;18(4):844-847. doi: 10.1111/jth.14768. Epub 2020 Mar 13.

    PubMed 32073213
  • Guzik TJ, Mohiddin SA, Dimarco A, Patel V, Savvatis K, Marelli-Berg FM, Madhur MS, Tomaszewski M, Maffia P, D'Acquisto F, Nicklin SA, Marian AJ, Nosalski R, Murray EC, Guzik B, Berry C, Touyz RM, Kreutz R, Wang DW, Bhella D, Sagliocco O, Crea F, Thomson EC, McInnes IB. COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system: implications for risk assessment, diagnosis, and treatment options. Cardiovasc Res. 2020 Aug 1;116(10):1666-1687. doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa106.

    PubMed 32352535
  • Segal JP, Mak JWY, Mullish BH, Alexander JL, Ng SC, Marchesi JR. The gut microbiome: an under-recognised contributor to the COVID-19 pandemic? Ther Adv Gastroenterol. 2020 Nov 24;13:1756284820974914. doi: 10.1177/1756284820974914. eCollection 2020.

    PubMed 33281941
  • Lip S, Tran TQB, Hanna R, Nichol S, Guzik TJ, Delles C, McClure J, McCallum L, Touyz RM, Berry C, Padmanabhan S. Long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on blood vessels and blood pressure - LOCHINVAR. J Hypertens. 2025 Jun 1;43(6):1057-1065. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000004013. Epub 2025 Apr 10.

    PubMed 40178227
  • Lip S, Mccallum L, Delles C, McClure JD, Guzik T, Berry C, Touyz R, Padmanabhan S. Rationale and Design for the LOnger-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 INfection on blood Vessels And blood pRessure (LOCHINVAR): an observational phenotyping study. Open Heart. 2022 Jun;9(1):e002057. doi: 10.1136/openhrt-2022-002057.

    PubMed 35750422

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

An observational study of Hypertension and Covid19, run by University of Glasgow at 1 site in United Kingdom.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 9 inclusion and 8 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 26 Sep 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United Kingdom. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

24-hour ABPM Systolic Blood Pressure (time frame: 12 months). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05087290, which also lists 15 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 26 Sep 2023.

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