Patellofemoral Pain SyndromeNCT05125263
Effects of Kinesiotaping and Mulligan Tapping on PFPS
A study testing kinesiotaping group and mulligan taping group in people with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
The aim of this research is to compare the effects of kinesiotaping and mulligan taping on pain, hamstring flexibility, cadence and physical performance of lower limb in patients suffering from patellofemoral pain syndrome according to time duration 24, 48 and 72 hours. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 20 to 35 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
- What is being tested?
- kinesiotaping group and mulligan taping group
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 20 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 15 Nov 2021to 15 May 2022
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 20 to 35 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Anterior knee pain which is persisting longer than two months (pain on ascending and/or descending stairs, squatting, sitting for extended periods of time).
- Pain scoring rate on NPRS scale three or more during at least two activities.
- Age between 20 and 35 years.
- Both Male and female.
Who cannot join
- Meniscus tears, bursitis, patellar tendon, any ligamentous injury, any joint degeneration changes and patellofemoral dislocation and/or frequent subluxation.
- Undergone lower extremity surgery
- Patients having knee pain due to hip, lumbar spine and ankle joints
- Dermatitis and any other skin problem
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Pakistan1 site
Riphah Rehabilitation Center
Rawalpindi, Punjab Province, 46000
About this study
Official title: Comparison of the Effects of Kinesio Taping and Mulligan Taping on Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome.
The aim of this research is to compare the effects of kinesiotaping and mulligan taping on pain, hamstring flexibility, cadence and physical performance of lower limb in patients suffering from patellofemoral pain syndrome according to time duration 24, 48 and 72 hours. Randomized controlled trial done at Riphah International University Rawalpindi campus, Pakistan Railway Hospital and private clinics of twin cities. The sample size was 20. The subjects were divided in two groups, 10 subjects in kinesiotaping group and 10 in mulligan taping group. Study duration was 1 year. Sampling technique applied was non probability convenient sampling technique. Both males and females of 20-35 age bracket having anterior knee pain for more than 2 months and ≥3 pain on NPRS while performing activities i.e. ascending descending stairs, squatting and sitting for extending periods of time were included in study. Tools used in study are NPRS, Kujala pain rating sale, goniometer, active knee extension test, time up and go test.
Read the detailed description
Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a frequent musculoskeletal pathology affecting population like adults, teenage boys/girls, military and athletic individuals. It is a probable reason for anterior knee pain in individuals, also known as runner's knee. It is mainly defined as the individuals experience anterior knee pain, including other structural pathology like of patella and retinaculum. There is no related problem of intra articular and peri-patellar impairments. The causes of PFPS includes muscular imbalance of vastus lateralis and vastus medialis, maltracking of patella, instability of hip joint and hind most foot eversion. According to literature the PFPS is mostly common in active young population along with that women are more prone to develop this disease condition as compare to males because of their pelvis anatomy. Wider pelvis area in women causes more stress on knees. The reason of knee joint pain in older people is arthritis (age related degenerative changes). KT tapping has elastic properties like skin, stretching 30 % to 40 % stretching lengthwise. KT has water proof qualities and can be applied for 3 to 5 days. By applying KT over the skin of affected muscle or on joint surface, it reduces the pain, improves the circulation by giving positional impulse through skin, and modify interstitial tissue to reduce skin tension. Mulligan introduced a tapping technique called Mulligan tapping along with Mobilization with Movement technique development. Mulligan tape method prevents the positional malalignment in the joint. Tape may be applied for a week or two and not cause any harm along with mobilization Literature review: Anne Hickey et al. conducted a study in Australia in 2016. In this study effects of mulligan knee tapping technique on pain and lower limb biomechanics was determined. The study concluded that the technique successfully reduced the knee pain, decreased hip internal rotation and active gluteal muscles earlier. Leticia Lopes Aguiar et al. conducted a study in which he determines the effect of mulligan concept among ballet dancers. The study concluded that mulligan concept had significant results to improve pain threshold. Samara Alencar Melo et al. in which KT taping effects was determined on pain and muscular performance in patellofemoral pain syndrome patients did a study in 2018. In this RCT, the results showed that KT causes reduction in pain within 72 hours after its application without causing tension around skin. In 2017, Neelam Rehman et al. in Pakistan conducted a study. In this research the immediate effects of KT on pain in athletic population having PFPS was determined. The study concluded that KT had immediate effects in reducing pain and it can be used to treat immediate post injuries in athletic population.
- Conditions
- Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
- Being tested
- kinesiotaping group, mulligan taping group
- Keywords
- Patellofemoral pain syndrome, Range of motion, Kinesiotaping, Mulligan taping, Physical performance measure
- Medical subject headings
- Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
kinesiotaping groupOther
Kinesio-taping with conventional therapy 24, 48 and 72 hours standardized therapeutic KT application along with conventional therapy (hot pack, strengthening and stretching exercises). The patient laid supine.To maintain proprioceptive stimulation in the quadriceps (from origin towards insertion) and to alleviate the tension of hamstring muscle, a 'Y'-shaped kinesiotaping will be applied. Afterward, 2 pieces of 'I'-shaped tapes were stretched by 75% through the mechanical correction technique and will be applied around the patellar circumference in the way that it would allow the patella to move naturally in the femoral cavity while the knee was in 45 flexion
CONVENTIONAL THERAPY:
Stretching of hamstrings 10 reps 10 sec hold. Straight leg raise 3 sets* 10 reps, 1 min interval. Strengthening of Quadriceps (quads isometric) and VMO with 10 reps and 3 sets, 1 min interval) Squatting (10 reps* 3 sets, 1 min interval)
mulligan taping groupOther
Mulligan taping will be applied while patient in standing position and the hip, knee will be internally rotated and flexed to 20 degree. Rigid tape will be applied from neck of fibula which will be passing anteriorly over the tibia to secure internal rotation of tibia at the knee, and passing below the medial joint line and behind the knee, 2 superimposed layers of 38-mm rigid tape will be applied in a spiral fashion. Tape will be applied for 24, 48 and 72 hours. And it must come off immediately if any pain and skin irritation is experienced. Along with conventional therapy.
Stretching of hamstrings 10 reps 10 sec hold. Straight leg raise 3 sets* 10 reps, 1 min interval. Strengthening of Quadriceps (quads isometric) and VMO with 10 reps and 3 sets, 1 min interval) Squatting (10 reps* 3 sets, 1 min interval)
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| group 1 | Experimental | This group receives KinesioTaping along with conventional treatment Receives: Other: kinesiotaping group |
| group 2 | Experimental | This group receives mulligan taping along with conventional treatment Receives: Other: mulligan taping group |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Kujala pain Rating score
The Kujala pain rating scale is a 13-item screening instrument designed to assess patellofemoral pain in adolescents and young adults, with a variable ordinal response format. For example, a 'Limp' score would be scored as follows: none (5), slight/periodic (3), constant (0). Total scores range from 0 to 100.
Measured: 72 hours
Secondary outcomes (3)
Numeric pain rating scale
Numeric pain rating scale is used to assess the intensity of pain before and after intervention. Its value ranges from 0-10. O indicates no pain and 10 indicate maximum pain. Reliability of this tool is r=0.957. It will be measured at 24 hour, 48 hour, and 72 hour.
Measured: 72 hours
Time Up and Go
Time up and go test is used to assess the dynamic balance ability, in this subject took to rise from 46cm height arm chair, walk 3 meter, turn back at affected side and walk back to chair and sit. Reliability of this tool is r = 0.98 to 0.99. It will be measured at 24 hour, 48 hour, and 72 hour
Measured: 72 hours
Active Knee Extension Test
To check hamstring flexibility, patient position is in supine and effected leg is in 90-degree hip flexion. Patient is asked to extend the knee. The actual cutoff value for the Active knee extension test is 160. Normal individual has range of >160 or equal to160 (=160) and angle <160 considered hamstring tightness.)
Measured: 72 hours
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted18 Nov 2021
- Study start15 Nov 2021
- Primary completion30 Apr 2022
- Study completion15 May 2022
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Patellofemoral Pain SyndromeStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Riphah International UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 20 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Aisha Razzaq, MSPT-OMPT, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05125263
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/00943 Zainab Tariq
- Status last verified
- Aug 2022
- First submitted
- 8 Nov 2021
- Last updated
- 11 Aug 2022
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 11 Aug 2022. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparison of the Effects of Kinesio Taping and Mulligan Taping on Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05125263
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- REC/00943 Zainab Tariq
- Conditions
- Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
- Keywords
- Patellofemoral pain syndrome, Range of motion, Kinesiotaping, Mulligan taping, Physical performance measure
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 20 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 15 Nov 2021 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Apr 2022 (actual)
- Study completion
- 15 May 2022 (actual)
- First posted
- 18 Nov 2021 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The aim of this research is to compare the effects of kinesiotaping and mulligan taping on pain, hamstring flexibility, cadence and physical performance of lower limb in patients suffering from patellofemoral pain syndrome according to time duration 24, 48 and 72 hours. Randomized controlled trial done at Riphah International University Rawalpindi campus, Pakistan Railway Hospital and private clinics of twin cities. The sample size was 20. The subjects were divided in two groups, 10 subjects in kinesiotaping group and 10 in mulligan taping group. Study duration was 1 year. Sampling technique applied was non probability convenient sampling technique. Both males and females of 20-35 age bracket having anterior knee pain for more than 2 months and ≥3 pain on NPRS while performing activities i.e. ascending descending stairs, squatting and sitting for extending periods of time were included in study. Tools used in study are NPRS, Kujala pain rating sale, goniometer, active knee extension test, time up and go test.
Detailed description
Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a frequent musculoskeletal pathology affecting population like adults, teenage boys/girls, military and athletic individuals. It is a probable reason for anterior knee pain in individuals, also known as runner's knee. It is mainly defined as the individuals experience anterior knee pain, including other structural pathology like of patella and retinaculum. There is no related problem of intra articular and peri-patellar impairments. The causes of PFPS includes muscular imbalance of vastus lateralis and vastus medialis, maltracking of patella, instability of hip joint and hind most foot eversion. According to literature the PFPS is mostly common in active young population along with that women are more prone to develop this disease condition as compare to males because of their pelvis anatomy. Wider pelvis area in women causes more stress on knees. The reason of knee joint pain in older people is arthritis (age related degenerative changes). KT tapping has elastic properties like skin, stretching 30 % to 40 % stretching lengthwise. KT has water proof qualities and can be applied for 3 to 5 days. By applying KT over the skin of affected muscle or on joint surface, it reduces the pain, improves the circulation by giving positional impulse through skin, and modify interstitial tissue to reduce skin tension. Mulligan introduced a tapping technique called Mulligan tapping along with Mobilization with Movement technique development. Mulligan tape method prevents the positional malalignment in the joint. Tape may be applied for a week or two and not cause any harm along with mobilization Literature review: Anne Hickey et al. conducted a study in Australia in 2016. In this study effects of mulligan knee tapping technique on pain and lower limb biomechanics was determined. The study concluded that the technique successfully reduced the knee pain, decreased hip internal rotation and active gluteal muscles earlier. Leticia Lopes Aguiar et al. conducted a study in which he determines the effect of mulligan concept among ballet dancers. The study concluded that mulligan concept had significant results to improve pain threshold. Samara Alencar Melo et al. in which KT taping effects was determined on pain and muscular performance in patellofemoral pain syndrome patients did a study in 2018. In this RCT, the results showed that KT causes reduction in pain within 72 hours after its application without causing tension around skin. In 2017, Neelam Rehman et al. in Pakistan conducted a study. In this research the immediate effects of KT on pain in athletic population having PFPS was determined. The study concluded that KT had immediate effects in reducing pain and it can be used to treat immediate post injuries in athletic population.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| group 1 | Experimental | Other: kinesiotaping groupThis group receives KinesioTaping along with conventional treatment |
| group 2 | Experimental | Other: mulligan taping groupThis group receives mulligan taping along with conventional treatment |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 20 to 35 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Anterior knee pain which is persisting longer than two months (pain on ascending and/or descending stairs, squatting, sitting for extended periods of time).
- Pain scoring rate on NPRS scale three or more during at least two activities.
- Age between 20 and 35 years.
- Both Male and female.
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Meniscus tears, bursitis, patellar tendon, any ligamentous injury, any joint degeneration changes and patellofemoral dislocation and/or frequent subluxation.
- Undergone lower extremity surgery
- Patients having knee pain due to hip, lumbar spine and ankle joints
- Dermatitis and any other skin problem
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| kinesiotaping groupKinesio-taping with conventional therapy 24, 48 and 72 hours standardized therapeutic KT application along with conventional therapy (hot pack, strengthening and stretching exercises). The patient laid supine.To maintain proprioceptive stimulation in the quadriceps (from origin towards insertion) and to alleviate the tension of hamstring muscle, a 'Y'-shaped kinesiotaping will be applied. Afterward, 2 pieces of 'I'-shaped tapes were stretched by 75% through the mechanical correction technique and will be applied around the patellar circumference in the way that it would allow the patella to move naturally in the femoral cavity while the knee was in 45 flexion CONVENTIONAL THERAPY: Stretching of hamstrings 10 reps 10 sec hold. Straight leg raise 3 sets* 10 reps, 1 min interval. Strengthening of Quadriceps (quads isometric) and VMO with 10 reps and 3 sets, 1 min interval) Squatting (10 reps* 3 sets, 1 min interval) | Other | group 1 |
| mulligan taping groupMulligan taping will be applied while patient in standing position and the hip, knee will be internally rotated and flexed to 20 degree. Rigid tape will be applied from neck of fibula which will be passing anteriorly over the tibia to secure internal rotation of tibia at the knee, and passing below the medial joint line and behind the knee, 2 superimposed layers of 38-mm rigid tape will be applied in a spiral fashion. Tape will be applied for 24, 48 and 72 hours. And it must come off immediately if any pain and skin irritation is experienced. Along with conventional therapy. Stretching of hamstrings 10 reps 10 sec hold. Straight leg raise 3 sets* 10 reps, 1 min interval. Strengthening of Quadriceps (quads isometric) and VMO with 10 reps and 3 sets, 1 min interval) Squatting (10 reps* 3 sets, 1 min interval) | Other | group 2 |
Primary outcome
Kujala pain Rating score
Time frame: 72 hours
The Kujala pain rating scale is a 13-item screening instrument designed to assess patellofemoral pain in adolescents and young adults, with a variable ordinal response format. For example, a 'Limp' score would be scored as follows: none (5), slight/periodic (3), constant (0). Total scores range from 0 to 100.
3 secondary outcomes
Numeric pain rating scale
Time frame: 72 hours
Time Up and Go
Time frame: 72 hours
Active Knee Extension Test
Time frame: 72 hours
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 11 Aug 2022.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
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Comparison of High-Intensity and Conventional Physical Therapy in Musculoskeletal Disorders
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Aisha Razzaq, MSPT-OMPT principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing kinesiotaping group and mulligan taping group in people with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 11 Aug 2022. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Kujala pain Rating score (time frame: 72 hours). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 11 Aug 2022.