NSCLCPhase 2NCT05132985
Neoadjuvant Icotinib With Chemotherapy for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor(EGFR)-Mutated Resectable Lung Adenocarcinoma
A Phase 2 study testing Icotinib, Cisplatin and Carboplatin in people with NSCLC and EGF-R Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, run by Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute at 1 site in China.
Trial summary
Icotinib is a first-generation inhibitor of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here we will evaluate neoadjuvant Icotinib with chemotherapy prior to surgery, in patients with resectable stage II-IIIB N2 EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 75 years
- Conditions the study is for
- NSCLC, EGF-R Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
- What is being tested?
- Icotinib, Cisplatin and Carboplatin
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine, Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 45 participants
- Where
- 1 siteChina
- Study dates
- 1 Jan 2022to 1 Jan 2028
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 75 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Written informed consent
- Male or female, aged ≥18 years and ≤75 years
- Histologically or cytologically documented lung adenocarcinoma with completely resectable disease (Stage II-IIIB N2, according to the 8th edition of the IASLC Staging Manual in Thoracic Oncology)
- Complete surgical resection of the primary NSCLC must be deemed achievable, as assessed by an MDT evaluation
- A tumor which harbors either Ex19del or L858R EGFR-TKI-sensitizing mutations, either alone
- ECOG PS 0/1 at enrollment, with no deterioration over the previous 2 weeks prior to baseline or day of first dosing
Show all 14Show fewer
- Adequate organ and marrow function as defined by:
- Hemoglobin: ≥9.0 g/dL
- Absolute neutrophil count: ≥1.5 × 109/l
- Platelet count: ≥100 × 109/l
- Serum bilirubin: ≤1.5 ULN
- ALT and AST: ≤2.5 × ULN
- Creatinine clearance: ≥60 ml/min
- Life expectancy of 6 months prior to randomization
Who cannot join
- Prior treatment with systemic anti-cancer treatment for NSCLC, EGFR-TKI treatment or pre-operative radiotherapy
- EGFR-TKI-sensitizing mutations with T790M
- Mixed small cell and non-small-cell lung cancer histology
- T4 tumors infiltrating the aorta, esophagus and/or heart
- Bulky N2 disease
- Candidates for segmentectomies or wedge resections only
- Medical history of ILD, drug-induced ILD, radiation pneumonitis which required steroid treatment or any evidence of clinically active ILD
- Severe or uncontrolled systemic diseases/active infections, history of allogeneic organ transplantation, history of primary immunodeficiency, history of another primary malignancy
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
China1 site
Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute
Shenyang, Liaoning, 110000
Hongxu Liu, Doctor, 18040097698, hxliu@cmu.edu.cn
Huan Wang, Doctor, 18941634184, dr.wanghuan.cmu@hotmail.com
About this study
Official title: Neoadjuvant Icotinib With Chemotherapy for Resectable Stage II-IIIB N2 EGFR Mutation-positive Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Phase II Study
Icotinib is a first-generation inhibitor of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here we will evaluate neoadjuvant Icotinib with chemotherapy prior to surgery, in patients with resectable stage II-IIIB N2 EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC. The primary endpoint is centrally assessed major pathological response at the time of resection. Secondary endpoints include pathological complete response, objective response rate, R0 resection rate at the time of resection, disease-free survival, and overall survival. Safety and tolerability will also be assessed.
- Conditions
- NSCLC, EGF-R Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
- Being tested
- Icotinib, Cisplatin, Carboplatin, Pemetrexed
- Keywords
- NSCLC, EGFR, Icotinib
- Medical subject headings
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
IcotinibDrug
Also called Conmana
125mg 1tt(Take 1 tablet 3 times a day) orally.
CisplatinDrug
75 mg/m2 (IV,Q3W)
CarboplatinDrug
AUC 5 (IV, Q3W)
PemetrexedDrug
500 mg/m2 (IV, Q3W)
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Icotinib+chemotherapy | Experimental | Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (pemetrexed + carboplatin/cisplatin ) will start within 1-3 days from enrollment at 21-day (+/-3 days) intervals (Q3W) prior to surgery. Before surgery a tumor assessment will be done to exclude evidence of progression. Patients with radiographically stable disease or partial response may be considered for operation.
Icotinib will be given as a neoadjuvant therapy before surgical resection. The recommended dose of Icotinib is 125mg 1tt(Take 1 tablet 3 times a day) orally.
Surgery: Surgery must be done within the 3rd to 4th week (+7 days) from day 21 cycle 2 of neoadjuvant treatment.
Adjuvant treatment: Patients receive additional 2 cycles of platinum-based doublet chemotherapy(Researcher decide) on day 1 with intercalated icotinib (D8-15) every 3 weeks, and continued icotinib for 2 years or until the occurrence of disease relapse, metastasis or unacceptable icotinib or chemotherapy toxicity Receives: Drug: Icotinib; Drug: Cisplatin; Drug: Carboplatin; Drug: Pemetrexed |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Major pathological response(MPR)
Patients with tumors with ≤10% residual viable cancer cells (identified by routine hematoxylin and eosin staining) in the lung primary tumor after neoadjuvant treatment at the time of resection will be considered to have had an MPR.
Measured: Up to approximately 30 months
Secondary outcomes (5)
Pathological complete response (pCR)
Patients with no residual viable tumor cells in any of the specimens (primary tumors, lymph nodes and margins) will be considered to have had a pCR.
Measured: Up to approximately 30 months
Objective response rate(ORR)
defined as the sum of the complete response plus partial response divided by the total number of included patients.
Measured: Up to approximately 30 months
R0 resection rate
Free resection margins proved microscopically;Systematic nodal dissection in its wider form or, if it is not performed, lobe-specific systematic nodal dissection;There should be no extracapsular extension of tumor in nodes removed separately or those at the margin of the main lung specimen.
;The highest mediastinal node that has been removed must be negative.
Measured: Up to approximately 30 months
Disease-free survival(DFS)
DFS will be defined as the time from surgery until the first instance of disease recurrence (local or distant) or death due to any cause, whichever occurs first.
Measured: Up to approximately 72 months
Overall survival(OS)
OS will be defined as the time from randomization until death due to any cause.
Measured: Up to approximately 72 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted24 Nov 2021
- Study start1 Jan 2022 (estimated)
- Primary completion1 Jul 2024 (estimated)
- Study completion1 Jan 2028 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (7)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for NSCLCStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 45 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, HongxuLiu, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute
- Investigators
- Hongxu Liu, Doctor, Principal investigator, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05132985
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- NIC-0102
- Status last verified
- Nov 2021
- First submitted
- 14 Nov 2021
- Last updated
- 10 Dec 2021
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
NSCLC Meta-analysis Collaborative Group. Preoperative chemotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data. Lancet. 2014 May 3;383(9928):1561-71. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62159-5. Epub 2014 Feb 25.
PubMed 24576776Giovannetti E, Lemos C, Tekle C, Smid K, Nannizzi S, Rodriguez JA, Ricciardi S, Danesi R, Giaccone G, Peters GJ. Molecular mechanisms underlying the synergistic interaction of erlotinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, with the multitargeted antifolate pemetrexed in non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Mol Pharmacol. 2008 Apr;73(4):1290-300. doi: 10.1124/mol.107.042382. Epub 2008 Jan 10.
PubMed 18187583La Monica S, Madeddu D, Tiseo M, Vivo V, Galetti M, Cretella D, Bonelli M, Fumarola C, Cavazzoni A, Falco A, Gervasi A, Lagrasta CA, Naldi N, Barocelli E, Ardizzoni A, Quaini F, Petronini PG, Alfieri R. Combination of Gefitinib and Pemetrexed Prevents the Acquisition of TKI Resistance in NSCLC Cell Lines Carrying EGFR-Activating Mutation. J Thorac Oncol. 2016 Jul;11(7):1051-63. doi: 10.1016/j.jtho.2016.03.006. Epub 2016 Mar 19.
PubMed 27006151Cheng Y, Murakami H, Yang PC, He J, Nakagawa K, Kang JH, Kim JH, Wang X, Enatsu S, Puri T, Orlando M, Yang JC. Randomized Phase II Trial of Gefitinib With and Without Pemetrexed as First-Line Therapy in Patients With Advanced Nonsquamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer With Activating Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutations. J Clin Oncol. 2016 Sep 20;34(27):3258-66. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2016.66.9218. Epub 2016 Aug 9.
PubMed 27507876Hosomi Y, Morita S, Sugawara S, Kato T, Fukuhara T, Gemma A, Takahashi K, Fujita Y, Harada T, Minato K, Takamura K, Hagiwara K, Kobayashi K, Nukiwa T, Inoue A; North-East Japan Study Group. Gefitinib Alone Versus Gefitinib Plus Chemotherapy for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer With Mutated Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor: NEJ009 Study. J Clin Oncol. 2020 Jan 10;38(2):115-123. doi: 10.1200/JCO.19.01488. Epub 2019 Nov 4.
PubMed 31682542Zhong WZ, Chen KN, Chen C, Gu CD, Wang J, Yang XN, Mao WM, Wang Q, Qiao GB, Cheng Y, Xu L, Wang CL, Chen MW, Kang X, Yan W, Yan HH, Liao RQ, Yang JJ, Zhang XC, Zhou Q, Wu YL. Erlotinib Versus Gemcitabine Plus Cisplatin as Neoadjuvant Treatment of Stage IIIA-N2 EGFR-Mutant Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (EMERGING-CTONG 1103): A Randomized Phase II Study. J Clin Oncol. 2019 Sep 1;37(25):2235-2245. doi: 10.1200/JCO.19.00075. Epub 2019 Jun 13.
PubMed 31194613Goldstraw P, Chansky K, Crowley J, Rami-Porta R, Asamura H, Eberhardt WE, Nicholson AG, Groome P, Mitchell A, Bolejack V; International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Staging and Prognostic Factors Committee, Advisory Boards, and Participating Institutions; International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Staging and Prognostic Factors Committee Advisory Boards and Participating Institutions. The IASLC Lung Cancer Staging Project: Proposals for Revision of the TNM Stage Groupings in the Forthcoming (Eighth) Edition of the TNM Classification for Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol. 2016 Jan;11(1):39-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jtho.2015.09.009.
PubMed 26762738
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 10 Dec 2021. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Neoadjuvant Icotinib With Chemotherapy for Resectable Stage II-IIIB N2 EGFR Mutation-positive Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Phase II Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05132985
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- NIC-0102
- Conditions
- NSCLC, EGF-R Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
- Keywords
- NSCLC, EGFR, Icotinib
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 45 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Liaoning Cancer Hospital & InstituteUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jan 2022 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 1 Jul 2024 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 Jan 2028 (estimated)
- First posted
- 24 Nov 2021 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Icotinib is a first-generation inhibitor of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here we will evaluate neoadjuvant Icotinib with chemotherapy prior to surgery, in patients with resectable stage II-IIIB N2 EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC. The primary endpoint is centrally assessed major pathological response at the time of resection. Secondary endpoints include pathological complete response, objective response rate, R0 resection rate at the time of resection, disease-free survival, and overall survival. Safety and tolerability will also be assessed.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Icotinib+chemotherapy | Experimental | Drug: Icotinib, Drug: Cisplatin, Drug: Carboplatin, Drug: PemetrexedNeoadjuvant chemotherapy (pemetrexed + carboplatin/cisplatin ) will start within 1-3 days from enrollment at 21-day (+/-3 days) intervals (Q3W) prior to surgery. Before surgery a tumor assessment will be done to exclude evidence of progression. Patients with radiographically stable disease or partial response may be considered for operation. Icotinib will be given as a neoadjuvant therapy before surgical resection. The recommended dose of Icotinib is 125mg 1tt(Take 1 tablet 3 times a day) orally. Surgery: Surgery must be done within the 3rd to 4th week (+7 days) from day 21 cycle 2 of neoadjuvant treatment. Adjuvant treatment: Patients receive additional 2 cycles of platinum-based doublet chemotherapy(Researcher decide) on day 1 with intercalated icotinib (D8-15) every 3 weeks, and continued icotinib for 2 years or until the occurrence of disease relapse, metastasis or unacceptable icotinib or chemotherapy toxicity |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 75 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (14 listed)
- Written informed consent
- Male or female, aged ≥18 years and ≤75 years
- Histologically or cytologically documented lung adenocarcinoma with completely resectable disease (Stage II-IIIB N2, according to the 8th edition of the IASLC Staging Manual in Thoracic Oncology)
- Complete surgical resection of the primary NSCLC must be deemed achievable, as assessed by an MDT evaluation
- A tumor which harbors either Ex19del or L858R EGFR-TKI-sensitizing mutations, either alone
Key exclusion criteria (8 listed)
- Prior treatment with systemic anti-cancer treatment for NSCLC, EGFR-TKI treatment or pre-operative radiotherapy
- EGFR-TKI-sensitizing mutations with T790M
- Mixed small cell and non-small-cell lung cancer histology
- T4 tumors infiltrating the aorta, esophagus and/or heart
- Bulky N2 disease
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| IcotinibAlso: Conmana125mg 1tt(Take 1 tablet 3 times a day) orally. | Drug | Icotinib+chemotherapy |
| Cisplatin75 mg/m2 (IV,Q3W) | Drug | Icotinib+chemotherapy |
| CarboplatinAUC 5 (IV, Q3W) | Drug | Icotinib+chemotherapy |
| Pemetrexed500 mg/m2 (IV, Q3W) | Drug | Icotinib+chemotherapy |
Primary outcome
Major pathological response(MPR)
Time frame: Up to approximately 30 months
Patients with tumors with ≤10% residual viable cancer cells (identified by routine hematoxylin and eosin staining) in the lung primary tumor after neoadjuvant treatment at the time of resection will be considered to have had an MPR.
5 secondary outcomes
Pathological complete response (pCR)
Time frame: Up to approximately 30 months
Objective response rate(ORR)
Time frame: Up to approximately 30 months
R0 resection rate
Time frame: Up to approximately 30 months
Disease-free survival(DFS)
Time frame: Up to approximately 72 months
Overall survival(OS)
Time frame: Up to approximately 72 months
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 10 Dec 2021.
- Background: PubMed 24576776NSCLC Meta-analysis Collaborative Group. Preoperative chemotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data. Lancet. 2014 May 3;383(9928):1561-71. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62159-5. Epub 2014 Feb 25.
- Background: PubMed 18187583Giovannetti E, Lemos C, Tekle C, Smid K, Nannizzi S, Rodriguez JA, Ricciardi S, Danesi R, Giaccone G, Peters GJ. Molecular mechanisms underlying the synergistic interaction of erlotinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, with the multitargeted antifolate pemetrexed in non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Mol Pharmacol. 2008 Apr;73(4):1290-300. doi: 10.1124/mol.107.042382. Epub 2008 Jan 10.
- Background: PubMed 27006151La Monica S, Madeddu D, Tiseo M, Vivo V, Galetti M, Cretella D, Bonelli M, Fumarola C, Cavazzoni A, Falco A, Gervasi A, Lagrasta CA, Naldi N, Barocelli E, Ardizzoni A, Quaini F, Petronini PG, Alfieri R. Combination of Gefitinib and Pemetrexed Prevents the Acquisition of TKI Resistance in NSCLC Cell Lines Carrying EGFR-Activating Mutation. J Thorac Oncol. 2016 Jul;11(7):1051-63. doi: 10.1016/j.jtho.2016.03.006. Epub 2016 Mar 19.
- Background: PubMed 27507876Cheng Y, Murakami H, Yang PC, He J, Nakagawa K, Kang JH, Kim JH, Wang X, Enatsu S, Puri T, Orlando M, Yang JC. Randomized Phase II Trial of Gefitinib With and Without Pemetrexed as First-Line Therapy in Patients With Advanced Nonsquamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer With Activating Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutations. J Clin Oncol. 2016 Sep 20;34(27):3258-66. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2016.66.9218. Epub 2016 Aug 9.
- Background: PubMed 31682542Hosomi Y, Morita S, Sugawara S, Kato T, Fukuhara T, Gemma A, Takahashi K, Fujita Y, Harada T, Minato K, Takamura K, Hagiwara K, Kobayashi K, Nukiwa T, Inoue A; North-East Japan Study Group. Gefitinib Alone Versus Gefitinib Plus Chemotherapy for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer With Mutated Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor: NEJ009 Study. J Clin Oncol. 2020 Jan 10;38(2):115-123. doi: 10.1200/JCO.19.01488. Epub 2019 Nov 4.
- Background: PubMed 31194613Zhong WZ, Chen KN, Chen C, Gu CD, Wang J, Yang XN, Mao WM, Wang Q, Qiao GB, Cheng Y, Xu L, Wang CL, Chen MW, Kang X, Yan W, Yan HH, Liao RQ, Yang JJ, Zhang XC, Zhou Q, Wu YL. Erlotinib Versus Gemcitabine Plus Cisplatin as Neoadjuvant Treatment of Stage IIIA-N2 EGFR-Mutant Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (EMERGING-CTONG 1103): A Randomized Phase II Study. J Clin Oncol. 2019 Sep 1;37(25):2235-2245. doi: 10.1200/JCO.19.00075. Epub 2019 Jun 13.
- Results publication: PubMed 26762738Goldstraw P, Chansky K, Crowley J, Rami-Porta R, Asamura H, Eberhardt WE, Nicholson AG, Groome P, Mitchell A, Bolejack V; International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Staging and Prognostic Factors Committee, Advisory Boards, and Participating Institutions; International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Staging and Prognostic Factors Committee Advisory Boards and Participating Institutions. The IASLC Lung Cancer Staging Project: Proposals for Revision of the TNM Stage Groupings in the Forthcoming (Eighth) Edition of the TNM Classification for Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol. 2016 Jan;11(1):39-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jtho.2015.09.009.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Hongxu Liu, Doctor principal investigator
Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2 study testing Icotinib, Cisplatin and Carboplatin in people with NSCLC and EGF-R Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, run by Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute at 1 site in China.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 14 inclusion and 8 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 10 Dec 2021. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in China. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Each site lists its own contact: choose the nearest one under Trial locations. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Major pathological response(MPR) (time frame: Up to approximately 30 months). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05132985, which also lists 7 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 10 Dec 2021.