COVID-19NCAP1NCT05139927
Using MOST to Optimize an Intervention to Increase COVID-19 Testing for Frontline Essential Workers
A study testing Motivational interviewing (MI) counseling, Text messages (TMs) and quiz questions (QQs) and Peer education in people with COVID-19 and COVID-19 Testing, run by New York University at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
COVID-19 testing is essential to controlling the COVID-19 pandemic to break transmission chains and reduce community transmission. However, Black and Latino/Hispanic populations in lower status frontline essential occupations such as food preparation, retail, building maintenance, personal services, and in-home health… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 70 years
- Conditions the study is for
- COVID-19, COVID-19 Testing
- What is being tested?
- Motivational interviewing (MI) counseling, Text messages (TMs) and quiz questions (QQs) and Peer education
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 438 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 1 Jun 2022to 1 Mar 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 70 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1) age 18-70 years; 2) can engage in study activities in English or Spanish; 3) Black or African American (including Caribbean, African, or multi-ethnic Black) and/or Latino or Hispanic race/ethnicity; 4) resides in NYC; 5) in the past month, was employed as a frontline worker in a lower status essential occupation in one or more of the domains listed above; 6) has a phone that can be used for study participation and can receive TMs; 7) has not received any doses of a COVID-19 vaccination in the past 12 months; 8) has not been tested for COVID-19 in the past three months; 9) if previously diagnosed with COVID-19, has not been symptomatic in the past two weeks or 90 days has passed since treatment with monoclonal antibodies or convalescent plasma98; 10) has not been educated/interviewed as a peer for Component C; 11) willing to engage in a core session and be randomly assigned to receive 1-4 components.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
New York University Silver School of Social Work
New York, New York, 10003
About this study
Official title: Using the Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) to Optimize an Intervention to Increase COVID-19 Testing for Black and Latino/Hispanic Frontline Essential Workers
COVID-19 testing is essential to controlling the COVID-19 pandemic to break transmission chains and reduce community transmission. However, Black and Latino/Hispanic populations in lower status frontline essential occupations such as food preparation, retail, building maintenance, personal services, and in-home health care have serious barriers to COVID-19 testing and, therefore, insufficient testing rates. The proposed study will use the multiphase optimization strategy framework to address the problem of low COVID-19 testing rates for this population: We will test the effects of four distinct candidate intervention components and then create an efficient multicomponent made up of the most effective combination of the components that can be rapidly scaled up in community settings to boost COVID-19 testing rates.
Read the detailed description
The proposed study responds to RFA-OD-21-008 which calls for community-engaged interventions to support COVID-19 testing in underserved and vulnerable populations. Among those at highest risk for exposure to COVID-19 is the large population of frontline essential workers (FEW) in lower status occupations (e.g., retail, in-home health care), among whom Black and Latino/Hispanic (BLH) persons are over-represented. The CDC recommends testing for all those experiencing symptoms of COVID-19. For those not vaccinated, testing is recommended after exposure to individuals with a COVID-19 diagnosis, and regular COVID-19 screening testing is recommended even when asymptomatic for those with frequent close contact with others in indoor settings such as FEW. However, BLH-FEW experience serious impediments to COVID-19 testing at individual/attitudinal- (e.g., lack of knowledge of guidelines, distrust), social- (e.g., social norms), and structural-levels of influence (e.g., poor access to testing). Indeed, testing rates are lower among BLH than White populations and only 25-50% of BLH-FEW are currently vaccinated. The proposed community-engaged study is led by a collaborative team at New York University and the Northern Manhattan Improvement Corporation (NMIC). Its main goal is to optimize a behavioral intervention to boost COVID-19 testing rates for BLH-FEW. Consistent with RFA-OD-21-008, the proposed study uses the multiphase optimization strategy (MOST) framework to test four candidate intervention components grounded in our past research. The candidate components are informed by critical race theory and guided by the theory of triadic influence, are brief or do not require substantial staff time, and will be tested in a highly efficient factorial experimental design. They are A) motivational interview counseling, B) a text message component grounded in behavioral economics, C) peer education, and D) access to testing (via navigation to a test appointment vs. a self-test kit). All participants receive the standard of care, namely, health education on COVID-19 testing, and referrals. The specific aims of the study are to: identify which of four candidate components contribute meaningfully to improvement in the primary outcome, COVID-19 testing with medical confirmation; the most effective combination of components will comprise the "optimized" intervention (Aim 1), identify mediators (e.g., distrust, access) and moderators (e.g., sociodemographic characteristics) of the effects of each component (Aim 2), and use a mixed-methods approach to explore relationships among barriers to, facilitators of, and uptake of COVID-19 testing and COVID-19 vaccination (Aim 3). Participants will be N=448 BLH-FEW who have not been tested for COVID-19 in the past three months and have not been vaccinated for COVID-19 in the past 12 months, randomly assigned to an intervention condition, and assessed at 6- and 12-weeks post-baseline; N=50 participants will engage in qualitative in-depth interviews. We will also uncover, describe, and plan for implementation issues so the optimized intervention can be rapidly scaled up by NMIC and other community-based organizations.
- Conditions
- COVID-19, COVID-19 Testing
- Being tested
- Motivational interviewing (MI) counseling, Text messages (TMs) and quiz questions (QQs), Peer education, Access to COVID testing
- Keywords
- multiphase optimization strategy (MOST), COVID-19 testing, Black and Latino, frontline essential workers
- Medical subject headings
- COVID-19
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Motivational interviewing (MI) counselingBehavioural
Those assigned to receive Component A will engage in a MI single session lasting approximately 30-45 minutes. The overall goal of the session is to increase participants' motivation and readiness to test for COVID-19 in various circumstances.
Text messages (TMs) and quiz questions (QQs)Behavioural
This intervention lasts 6 weeks. This component is grounded in principles of behavioral economics. Its main goal is to add interest and excitement to the goal of COVID-19 testing, serve as a reminder that COVID-19 testing is recommended in a number of scenarios, and "nudge" participants toward testing and creating a habit of serial screening and COVID-19 testing as needed. Participants first receive a brief orientation to the component (15 min.), and the participant will put the study phone number into his/her phone and a test TM and QQ will be sent. TMs and QQs are programmed into the Telerivet program and sent automatically. Twice a week participants will receive a TM with information about COVID and COVID-19 testing followed by a true/false question about that TM two days later, for which they earn 10 points for a correct answer, and 5 points for an incorrect answer. Participants earn modest prizes based on their points.
Peer educationBehavioural
This component has two aspects: Participants are trained to educate their peers on core messages about the importance of COVID-19 testing that address social norms about COVID-19 testing and highlight COVID-19 testing as an altruistic act (15-20 min. training). Then, participants are given the opportunity to educate three peers who are Black and Latino/Hispanic frontline essential workers on the core messages. These peers contact the study directly and receive a brief assessment and referrals to testing, but are not enrolled in the study.
Access to COVID testingBehavioural
Component D is an adaptive intervention component that avoids unnecessary costs; it is only provided if needed. Level 1: Over a 2-3 week period, navigation includes a brief needs assessment and guidance to assist participants in prioritizing, accessing, and completing COVID-19 testing sequences in a timely fashion and resolving barriers such as transportation or the possible need to take off work if diagnosed with COVID-19. Level 2: 1 month after enrollment, participants will be contacted by phone. If they have not been tested, we will provide them with a BinaxNOW test kit which can be picked up or mailed to them.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Condition 1 | Experimental | Component A: motivational interviewing counseling - ON Component B: Text message intervention - ON Component C: Peer education - ON Component D: Navigation Receives: Behavioral: Motivational interviewing (MI) counseling; Behavioral: Text messages (TMs) and quiz questions (QQs); Behavioral: Peer education; Behavioral: Access to COVID testing |
| Condition 2 | Experimental | Component A: motivational interviewing counseling - ON Component B: Text message intervention - ON Component C: Peer education - ON Component D: Self-test kit Receives: Behavioral: Motivational interviewing (MI) counseling; Behavioral: Text messages (TMs) and quiz questions (QQs); Behavioral: Peer education; Behavioral: Access to COVID testing |
| Condition 3 | Experimental | Component A: motivational interviewing counseling - OFF Component B: Text message intervention - ON Component C: Peer education - ON Component D: Navigation Receives: Behavioral: Text messages (TMs) and quiz questions (QQs); Behavioral: Peer education; Behavioral: Access to COVID testing |
| Condition 4 | Experimental | Component A: motivational interviewing counseling - OFF Component B: Text message intervention - ON Component C: Peer education - ON Component D: Self-test kit Receives: Behavioral: Text messages (TMs) and quiz questions (QQs); Behavioral: Peer education; Behavioral: Access to COVID testing |
| Condition 5 | Experimental | Component A: motivational interviewing counseling - ON Component B: Text message intervention - OFF Component C: Peer education - ON Component D: Navigation Receives: Behavioral: Motivational interviewing (MI) counseling; Behavioral: Peer education; Behavioral: Access to COVID testing |
| Condition 6 | Experimental | Component A: motivational interviewing counseling - ON Component B: Text message intervention - OFF Component C: Peer education - ON Component D: Self-test kit Receives: Behavioral: Motivational interviewing (MI) counseling; Behavioral: Peer education; Behavioral: Access to COVID testing |
| Condition 7 | Experimental | Component A: motivational interviewing counseling - OFF Component B: Text message intervention - OFF Component C: Peer education - ON Component D: Navigation Receives: Behavioral: Peer education; Behavioral: Access to COVID testing |
| Condition 8 | Experimental | Component A: motivational interviewing counseling - OFF Component B: Text message intervention - OFF Component C: Peer education - ON Component D: Self-test kit Receives: Behavioral: Peer education; Behavioral: Access to COVID testing |
| Condition 9 | Experimental | Component A: motivational interviewing counseling - ON Component B: Text message intervention - ON Component C: Peer education - OFF Component D: Navigation Receives: Behavioral: Motivational interviewing (MI) counseling; Behavioral: Text messages (TMs) and quiz questions (QQs); Behavioral: Access to COVID testing |
| Condition 10 | Experimental | Component A: motivational interviewing counseling - ON Component B: Text message intervention - ON Component C: Peer education - OFF Component D: Self test kit Receives: Behavioral: Motivational interviewing (MI) counseling; Behavioral: Text messages (TMs) and quiz questions (QQs); Behavioral: Access to COVID testing |
| Condition 11 | Experimental | Component A: motivational interviewing counseling - OFF Component B: Text message intervention - ON Component C: Peer education - OFF Component D: Navigation Receives: Behavioral: Text messages (TMs) and quiz questions (QQs); Behavioral: Access to COVID testing |
| Condition 12 | Experimental | Component A: motivational interviewing counseling - OFF Component B: Text message intervention - ON Component C: Peer education - OFF Component D: Self test kit Receives: Behavioral: Text messages (TMs) and quiz questions (QQs); Behavioral: Access to COVID testing |
| Condition 13 | Experimental | Component A: motivational interviewing counseling - ON Component B: Text message intervention - OFF Component C: Peer education - OFF Component D: Navigation Receives: Behavioral: Motivational interviewing (MI) counseling; Behavioral: Access to COVID testing |
| Condition 14 | Experimental | Component A: motivational interviewing counseling - ON Component B: Text message intervention - OFF Component C: Peer education - OFF Component D: Self test kit Receives: Behavioral: Motivational interviewing (MI) counseling; Behavioral: Access to COVID testing |
| Condition 15 | Experimental | Component A: motivational interviewing counseling - OFF Component B: Text message intervention - OFF Component C: Peer education - OFF Component D: Navigation Receives: Behavioral: Access to COVID testing |
| Condition 16 | Experimental | Component A: motivational interviewing counseling - OFF Component B: Text message intervention - OFF Component C: Peer education - OFF Component D: Self test kit Receives: Behavioral: Access to COVID testing |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
COVID-19 Testing at Follow-up Assessment
COVID-19 testing at the 6- and/or 12-week follow-up assessment (at least one instance)
Measured: by the 12-week FU
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted1 Dec 2021
- Study start1 Jun 2022
- Primary completion1 Mar 2024
- Study completion1 Mar 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for COVID-19Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Factorial
- Model description
- Full factorial experiment testing 4 behavioral intervention components. There are 16 conditions needed to test the effects of the 4 components. Each condition comprises a combination of components. In the sections that follow, we describe the 16 conditions.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 438 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- New York University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Marya Gwadz, PhD, Principal investigator, New York University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05139927
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- IRB-FY2022-6023
- Acronym
- NCAP1
- Status last verified
- Mar 2025
- First submitted
- 29 Nov 2021
- Last updated
- 16 May 2025
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Gwadz M, Cleland CM, Lizardo M, Hawkins RL, Bangser G, Parameswaran L, Stanhope V, Robinson JA, Karim S, Hollaway T, Ramirez PG, Filippone PL, Ritchie AS, Banfield A, Silverman E. Using the multiphase optimization strategy (MOST) framework to optimize an intervention to increase COVID-19 testing for Black and Latino/Hispanic frontline essential workers: A study protocol. BMC Public Health. 2022 Jun 21;22(1):1235. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-13576-0.
PubMed 35729622
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 16 May 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Using the Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) to Optimize an Intervention to Increase COVID-19 Testing for Black and Latino/Hispanic Frontline Essential Workers
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05139927
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- NCAP1 / IRB-FY2022-6023
- Conditions
- COVID-19, COVID-19 Testing
- Keywords
- multiphase optimization strategy (MOST), COVID-19 testing, Black and Latino, frontline essential workers
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 438 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- New York UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jun 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Mar 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Mar 2024 (actual)
- First posted
- 1 Dec 2021 (actual)
- Results
- Posted 16 May 2025
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
COVID-19 testing is essential to controlling the COVID-19 pandemic to break transmission chains and reduce community transmission. However, Black and Latino/Hispanic populations in lower status frontline essential occupations such as food preparation, retail, building maintenance, personal services, and in-home health care have serious barriers to COVID-19 testing and, therefore, insufficient testing rates. The proposed study will use the multiphase optimization strategy framework to address the problem of low COVID-19 testing rates for this population: We will test the effects of four distinct candidate intervention components and then create an efficient multicomponent made up of the most effective combination of the components that can be rapidly scaled up in community settings to boost COVID-19 testing rates.
Detailed description
The proposed study responds to RFA-OD-21-008 which calls for community-engaged interventions to support COVID-19 testing in underserved and vulnerable populations. Among those at highest risk for exposure to COVID-19 is the large population of frontline essential workers (FEW) in lower status occupations (e.g., retail, in-home health care), among whom Black and Latino/Hispanic (BLH) persons are over-represented. The CDC recommends testing for all those experiencing symptoms of COVID-19. For those not vaccinated, testing is recommended after exposure to individuals with a COVID-19 diagnosis, and regular COVID-19 screening testing is recommended even when asymptomatic for those with frequent close contact with others in indoor settings such as FEW. However, BLH-FEW experience serious impediments to COVID-19 testing at individual/attitudinal- (e.g., lack of knowledge of guidelines, distrust), social- (e.g., social norms), and structural-levels of influence (e.g., poor access to testing). Indeed, testing rates are lower among BLH than White populations and only 25-50% of BLH-FEW are currently vaccinated. The proposed community-engaged study is led by a collaborative team at New York University and the Northern Manhattan Improvement Corporation (NMIC). Its main goal is to optimize a behavioral intervention to boost COVID-19 testing rates for BLH-FEW. Consistent with RFA-OD-21-008, the proposed study uses the multiphase optimization strategy (MOST) framework to test four candidate intervention components grounded in our past research. The candidate components are informed by critical race theory and guided by the theory of triadic influence, are brief or do not require substantial staff time, and will be tested in a highly efficient factorial experimental design. They are A) motivational interview counseling, B) a text message component grounded in behavioral economics, C) peer education, and D) access to testing (via navigation to a test appointment vs. a self-test kit). All participants receive the standard of care, namely, health education on COVID-19 testing, and referrals. The specific aims of the study are to: identify which of four candidate components contribute meaningfully to improvement in the primary outcome, COVID-19 testing with medical confirmation; the most effective combination of components will comprise the "optimized" intervention (Aim 1), identify mediators (e.g., distrust, access) and moderators (e.g., sociodemographic characteristics) of the effects of each component (Aim 2), and use a mixed-methods approach to explore relationships among barriers to, facilitators of, and uptake of COVID-19 testing and COVID-19 vaccination (Aim 3). Participants will be N=448 BLH-FEW who have not been tested for COVID-19 in the past three months and have not been vaccinated for COVID-19 in the past 12 months, randomly assigned to an intervention condition, and assessed at 6- and 12-weeks post-baseline; N=50 participants will engage in qualitative in-depth interviews. We will also uncover, describe, and plan for implementation issues so the optimized intervention can be rapidly scaled up by NMIC and other community-based organizations.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Factorial
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 16
- Model description
- Full factorial experiment testing 4 behavioral intervention components. There are 16 conditions needed to test the effects of the 4 components. Each condition comprises a combination of components. In the sections that follow, we describe the 16 conditions.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Condition 1 | Experimental | Behavioral: Motivational interviewing (MI) counseling, Behavioral: Text messages (TMs) and quiz questions (QQs), Behavioral: Peer education, Behavioral: Access to COVID testingComponent A: motivational interviewing counseling - ON Component B: Text message intervention - ON Component C: Peer education - ON Component D: Navigation |
| Condition 2 | Experimental | Behavioral: Motivational interviewing (MI) counseling, Behavioral: Text messages (TMs) and quiz questions (QQs), Behavioral: Peer education, Behavioral: Access to COVID testingComponent A: motivational interviewing counseling - ON Component B: Text message intervention - ON Component C: Peer education - ON Component D: Self-test kit |
| Condition 3 | Experimental | Behavioral: Text messages (TMs) and quiz questions (QQs), Behavioral: Peer education, Behavioral: Access to COVID testingComponent A: motivational interviewing counseling - OFF Component B: Text message intervention - ON Component C: Peer education - ON Component D: Navigation |
| Condition 4 | Experimental | Behavioral: Text messages (TMs) and quiz questions (QQs), Behavioral: Peer education, Behavioral: Access to COVID testingComponent A: motivational interviewing counseling - OFF Component B: Text message intervention - ON Component C: Peer education - ON Component D: Self-test kit |
| Condition 5 | Experimental | Behavioral: Motivational interviewing (MI) counseling, Behavioral: Peer education, Behavioral: Access to COVID testingComponent A: motivational interviewing counseling - ON Component B: Text message intervention - OFF Component C: Peer education - ON Component D: Navigation |
| Condition 6 | Experimental | Behavioral: Motivational interviewing (MI) counseling, Behavioral: Peer education, Behavioral: Access to COVID testingComponent A: motivational interviewing counseling - ON Component B: Text message intervention - OFF Component C: Peer education - ON Component D: Self-test kit |
| Condition 7 | Experimental | Behavioral: Peer education, Behavioral: Access to COVID testingComponent A: motivational interviewing counseling - OFF Component B: Text message intervention - OFF Component C: Peer education - ON Component D: Navigation |
| Condition 8 | Experimental | Behavioral: Peer education, Behavioral: Access to COVID testingComponent A: motivational interviewing counseling - OFF Component B: Text message intervention - OFF Component C: Peer education - ON Component D: Self-test kit |
| Condition 9 | Experimental | Behavioral: Motivational interviewing (MI) counseling, Behavioral: Text messages (TMs) and quiz questions (QQs), Behavioral: Access to COVID testingComponent A: motivational interviewing counseling - ON Component B: Text message intervention - ON Component C: Peer education - OFF Component D: Navigation |
| Condition 10 | Experimental | Behavioral: Motivational interviewing (MI) counseling, Behavioral: Text messages (TMs) and quiz questions (QQs), Behavioral: Access to COVID testingComponent A: motivational interviewing counseling - ON Component B: Text message intervention - ON Component C: Peer education - OFF Component D: Self test kit |
| Condition 11 | Experimental | Behavioral: Text messages (TMs) and quiz questions (QQs), Behavioral: Access to COVID testingComponent A: motivational interviewing counseling - OFF Component B: Text message intervention - ON Component C: Peer education - OFF Component D: Navigation |
| Condition 12 | Experimental | Behavioral: Text messages (TMs) and quiz questions (QQs), Behavioral: Access to COVID testingComponent A: motivational interviewing counseling - OFF Component B: Text message intervention - ON Component C: Peer education - OFF Component D: Self test kit |
| Condition 13 | Experimental | Behavioral: Motivational interviewing (MI) counseling, Behavioral: Access to COVID testingComponent A: motivational interviewing counseling - ON Component B: Text message intervention - OFF Component C: Peer education - OFF Component D: Navigation |
| Condition 14 | Experimental | Behavioral: Motivational interviewing (MI) counseling, Behavioral: Access to COVID testingComponent A: motivational interviewing counseling - ON Component B: Text message intervention - OFF Component C: Peer education - OFF Component D: Self test kit |
| Condition 15 | Experimental | Behavioral: Access to COVID testingComponent A: motivational interviewing counseling - OFF Component B: Text message intervention - OFF Component C: Peer education - OFF Component D: Navigation |
| Condition 16 | Experimental | Behavioral: Access to COVID testingComponent A: motivational interviewing counseling - OFF Component B: Text message intervention - OFF Component C: Peer education - OFF Component D: Self test kit |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 70 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Motivational interviewing (MI) counselingThose assigned to receive Component A will engage in a MI single session lasting approximately 30-45 minutes. The overall goal of the session is to increase participants' motivation and readiness to test for COVID-19 in various circumstances. | Behavioural | Condition 1, Condition 10, Condition 13, Condition 14, Condition 2, Condition 5, Condition 6, Condition 9 |
| Text messages (TMs) and quiz questions (QQs)This intervention lasts 6 weeks. This component is grounded in principles of behavioral economics. Its main goal is to add interest and excitement to the goal of COVID-19 testing, serve as a reminder that COVID-19 testing is recommended in a number of scenarios, and "nudge" participants toward testing and creating a habit of serial screening and COVID-19 testing as needed. Participants first receive a brief orientation to the component (15 min.), and the participant will put the study phone number into his/her phone and a test TM and QQ will be sent. TMs and QQs are programmed into the Telerivet program and sent automatically. Twice a week participants will receive a TM with information about COVID and COVID-19 testing followed by a true/false question about that TM two days later, for which they earn 10 points for a correct answer, and 5 points for an incorrect answer. Participants earn modest prizes based on their points. | Behavioural | Condition 1, Condition 10, Condition 11, Condition 12, Condition 2, Condition 3, Condition 4, Condition 9 |
| Peer educationThis component has two aspects: Participants are trained to educate their peers on core messages about the importance of COVID-19 testing that address social norms about COVID-19 testing and highlight COVID-19 testing as an altruistic act (15-20 min. training). Then, participants are given the opportunity to educate three peers who are Black and Latino/Hispanic frontline essential workers on the core messages. These peers contact the study directly and receive a brief assessment and referrals to testing, but are not enrolled in the study. | Behavioural | Condition 1, Condition 2, Condition 3, Condition 4, Condition 5, Condition 6, Condition 7, Condition 8 |
| Access to COVID testingComponent D is an adaptive intervention component that avoids unnecessary costs; it is only provided if needed. Level 1: Over a 2-3 week period, navigation includes a brief needs assessment and guidance to assist participants in prioritizing, accessing, and completing COVID-19 testing sequences in a timely fashion and resolving barriers such as transportation or the possible need to take off work if diagnosed with COVID-19. Level 2: 1 month after enrollment, participants will be contacted by phone. If they have not been tested, we will provide them with a BinaxNOW test kit which can be picked up or mailed to them. | Behavioural | Condition 1, Condition 10, Condition 11, Condition 12, Condition 13, Condition 14, Condition 15, Condition 16, Condition 2, Condition 3, Condition 4, Condition 5, Condition 6, Condition 7, Condition 8, Condition 9 |
Primary outcome
COVID-19 Testing at Follow-up Assessment
Time frame: by the 12-week FU
COVID-19 testing at the 6- and/or 12-week follow-up assessment (at least one instance)
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 16 May 2025.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 35729622Gwadz M, Cleland CM, Lizardo M, Hawkins RL, Bangser G, Parameswaran L, Stanhope V, Robinson JA, Karim S, Hollaway T, Ramirez PG, Filippone PL, Ritchie AS, Banfield A, Silverman E. Using the multiphase optimization strategy (MOST) framework to optimize an intervention to increase COVID-19 testing for Black and Latino/Hispanic frontline essential workers: A study protocol. BMC Public Health. 2022 Jun 21;22(1):1235. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-13576-0.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Marya Gwadz, PhD principal investigator
New York University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Motivational interviewing (MI) counseling, Text messages (TMs) and quiz questions (QQs) and Peer education in people with COVID-19 and COVID-19 Testing, run by New York University at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 16 May 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 16 May 2025). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
COVID-19 Testing at Follow-up Assessment (time frame: by the 12-week FU). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05139927, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 16 May 2025.