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ImmunityNCT05162820

Impact of Solarplast® on Immunity in Active Smokers and Non-smokers

A study testing 100 mg Solarplast in people with Immunity and Smoking, Cigarette, run by University of Memphis at 1 site in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of Solarplast treatment on measures of oxidative stress, immune function, skin appearance, and associated measures in 60 men and women, consisting of both cigarette smokers and nonsmokers. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 30 to 60 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
Immunity, Smoking, Cigarette
What is being tested?
100 mg Solarplast
Type of treatment
Pill or oral medicine
Could I receive a placebo?
Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
How many people
50 participants
Where
1 siteUnited States
Study dates
22 Oct 2021to 24 Aug 2023
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 30 to 60 years
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Adult

Who may be able to join

  • body mass index (BMI) between 18-40 kg/m2 (not morbidly obese)
  • if a smoker, smokes at least 5 cigarettes per day for the past 12 months
  • if a smoker, experience occasional mild skin irritations (e.g., rash, dryness, redness, itching, etc.)
  • if non-smoker, not have used tobacco products or any smoked product (e.g., marijuana, cigar, pipe) in the past 12 months
  • if non-smoker, not exposed to regular second-hand smoke (e.g., lives with or works in close proximity to a smoker)
  • no consumption of alcohol-containing beverages within 48 hours of testing
Show all 12Show fewer
  • no consumption of caffeine-containing beverages within 24 hours of testing
  • without active infection or illness of any kind
  • if female, not be pregnant
  • able to fast overnight (10-12 hours)
  • Not have doctor prescribed immune function or antioxidant nutritional supplements, over the counter medications, or prescription drugs that might impact outcomes (e.g. Vitamin-C, elderberry, ginger, turmeric, quercetin, supplements with "Immun" or have immunity on their label, Immunosuppressives: prednisolone, Azathioprine, Mycophenolate mofetil, Monoclonal antibodies - of which there are many ending in "mab", such as bevacizumab, rituximab and trastuzumab, Anti-TNF drugs such as etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab, certolizumab and golimumab, Methotrexate, Ciclosporin, Tacrolimus, Sirolimus, Cyclophosphamide, Leflunomide, Immunotherapies: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Adoptive Cell Therapies, Monoclonal Antibodies, Oncolytic Virus Therapy, Immune System Modulators, etc.)
  • be willing to stop non-prescribed immune function or antioxidant nutritional supplements and over the counter medications (e.g. Vitamin-C, elderberry, ginger, turmeric, quercetin, supplements with "Immun" or have immunity on their label, etc.) one month prior to and through the duration of the study

Who cannot join

  • -

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United States1 site
  • Center for Nutraceutical and Dietary Supplement Research

    Memphis, Tennessee, 38152

Other trials in United States

About this study

The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of Solarplast treatment on measures of oxidative stress, immune function, skin appearance, and associated measures in 60 men and women, consisting of both cigarette smokers and nonsmokers. The hypothesis is that the Solarplast treatment will reduce oxidative stress biomarkers and favorably impact immune measures and both perceived and quantifiable measures of skin health, in both smokers and non-smokers, with a greater impact observed in smokers. Photographic analyses like the Pear Plus 3D system have been developed for clinical use for monitoring skin health.

Read the detailed description

Deerland Probiotics and Enzymes has developed a dietary supplement called Solarplast®, which is an organic spinach extract, currently being sold on the market (Solarplast - Deerland Probiotics and Enzymes). It contains a unique mixture of antioxidant enzymes and single antioxidant molecules that work to attack reactive oxygen species (ROS) through chaperone activity. These chaperones are naturally occurring proteins that provide protection from stress, such as ROS, heat, and infection, and can lead to reduced inflammation and alteration in immune function.

Spinach is rich in select vitamins and minerals, such as iron, vitamin A, riboflavin, and lutein-a carotenoid that acts as a natural antioxidant, protecting the body from toxins and ROS. Solarplast is thought to exhibit antioxidant protection against ROS, while also containing photosynthetic complexes with high concentrations of ATP, NADPH, ADP, AMP, NADP, niacin, B12, adenine, and ribose. Therefore, it may provide the components required to scavenge free radicals and mitigate ensuing damage from ROS.

In living cells, ROS such as singlet oxygen (·O), superoxide radical (O2· -), and hydroxyl radical (·OH) are continuously formed as a consequence of normal cellular metabolism and are increased under conditions of environmental stress. Production of ROS in quantities that overwhelm the endogenous antioxidant defense system leads to oxidative stress, and this oxidative stress is strongly linked to the pathogenesis of numerous diseases, including diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease.

Oxidative stress leads to increases in proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1B and TNF-alpha. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can induce ROS and proinflammatory cytokines. Antioxidants present in spinach may provide some protection against LPS actions.

It is well known that cigarette smoking exacerbates ROS formation and poses a significant pro-oxidant stress in vivo. In one puff of a cigarette, the smoker is exposed to >1015 free radicals in the gas phase alone, with additional exposure in the tar phase equal to >1017 free radicals·g-1. This direct exposure represents only a fraction of the total oxidative stress experienced, as cigarette smoke contributes to further endogenous ROS production mediated through inflammatory and immune processes. ROS formation due to cigarette smoking is thought to contribute to premature skin aging . Carotenoids like lutein in spinach, are believed to help protect skin from this ROS damage. Therefore, treating smokers with antioxidant therapy may not only alter immune function and measures of oxidative stress, but also prove helpful to both perceptions and measures of skin health.

Antioxidant supplementation can also reduce oxidative stress, which is linked to cognitive/mental health. Those who are exposed to high levels of oxidants and who are in a chronic state of oxidative stress (e.g., smokers) may be more susceptible to impaired mental health.

A previous clinical research trial evaluating Solarplast titled "Efficacy of Solarplast for Health and Oxidative Stress, A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study" noted improved antioxidant defense and immunity, as well as improved subjective feelings of health (e.g., decreased irritability, decreased tension and anxiety), and improved self-reported skin health in a sample of smokers and non-smokers. The present study seeks to extend these findings in a larger sample of smokers.

The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of Solarplast treatment on measures of oxidative stress, immune function, skin appearance, and associated measures in 60 men and women, consisting of both cigarette smokers and nonsmokers. We hypothesize that the Solarplast treatment will reduce oxidative stress biomarkers and favorably impact immune measures and both perceived and quantifiable measures of skin health, in both smokers and non-smokers, with a greater impact observed in smokers. Smoking, causes a decrease in blood flow to skin and dryness along with other adverse effects that can prematurely age skin. As quantifiable measures provide more sound evidence than personal perceptions when evaluating skin treatments, there has been a greater push for more analytical methods in the assessment of skin regimens which include topographical, pigmentation, color, as well as other measures that will be employed in this study via photographical image analysis of subject's facial skin. Photographic analyses like the Pear Plus 3D system have been developed for clinical use for monitoring skin health.

Being tested
100 mg Solarplast, Placebo
Keywords
Solarplast, Spinach, Skin Health
Medical subject headings
Cigarette Smoking

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • 100 mg SolarplastDietary supplement

    100 mg Solarplast delivered in capsules with the carrier of rice dextrin and medium chain triglycerides consumed daily at breakfast for 60 days

  • PlaceboDietary supplement

    rice dextrin and medium chain triglycerides in capsules consumed daily at breakfast for 60 days

Study groups in NCT05162820
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Smoker SolarplastExperimentalSmoker's assigned to solarplast
Receives: Dietary Supplement: 100 mg Solarplast
Smoker PlaceboPlacebo comparatorSmoker's assigned to placebo
Receives: Dietary Supplement: Placebo
Non-smoker SolarplastExperimentalNon-smoker assigned to solarplast
Receives: Dietary Supplement: 100 mg Solarplast
Non-smoker PlaceboPlacebo comparatorNon-smoker assigned to placebo
Receives: Dietary Supplement: Placebo

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Plasma Cytokine Panel

    Cytokines analyzed from plasma for IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-alpha

    Measured: baseline

  2. Plasma Cytokine Panel

    Plasma analyzed for IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-alpha

    Measured: after 30 days of treatment

  3. Plasma Cytokine Panel

    Plasama analyzed for IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-alpha

    Measured: after 60 days of treatment

  4. Plasma Cytokine Panel on LPS treated whole blood

    LPS treated whole blood analyzed for IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-alpha

    Measured: baseline

  5. Plasma Cytokine Panel on LPS treated whole blood

    LPS treated whole blood analyzed for IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-alpha

    Measured: after 30 days of treatment

  6. Plasma Cytokine Panel on LPS treated whole blood

    LPS treated whole blood analyzed for IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-alpha

    Measured: after 60 days of treatment

  7. Protein oxidation

    Blood sample analyzed for protein oxidation

    Measured: baseline

  8. Protein oxidation

    Blood sample analyzed for protein oxidation

    Measured: after 30 days of treatment

  9. Protein oxidation

    Blood sample analyzed for protein oxidation

    Measured: after 60 days of treatment

  10. Lipid peroxidation

    Blood sample analyzed for lipid peroxidation

    Measured: baseline

  11. Lipid peroxidation

    Blood sample analyzed for lipid peroxidation

    Measured: after 30 days of treatment

  12. Lipid peroxidation

    Blood sample analyzed for lipid peroxidation

    Measured: after 60 days of treatment

  13. Subjects' perceived mental health

    Subject's self-report different measures of mental health using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (None of the time) to 5 (All of the time)

    Measured: baseline

  14. Subjects' perceived mental health

    Subject's self-report different measures of mental health using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (None of the time) to 5 (All of the time)

    Measured: 1 week of treatment

  15. Subjects' perceived mental health

    Subject's self-report different measures of mental health using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (None of the time) to 5 (All of the time)

    Measured: 2 weeks of treatment

  16. Subjects' perceived mental health

    Subject's self-report different measures of mental health using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (None of the time) to 5 (All of the time)

    Measured: 3 weeks of treatment

  17. Subjects' perceived mental health

    Subject's self-report different measures of mental health using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (None of the time) to 5 (All of the time)

    Measured: 4 weeks of treatment

  18. Subjects' perceived mental health

    Subject's self-report different measures of mental health using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (None of the time) to 5 (All of the time)

    Measured: 5 weeks of treatment

  19. Subjects' perceived mental health

    Subject's self-report different measures of mental health using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (None of the time) to 5 (All of the time)

    Measured: 6 weeks of treatment

  20. Subjects' perceived mental health

    Subject's self-report different measures of mental health using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (None of the time) to 5 (All of the time)

    Measured: 7 weeks of treatment

  21. Subjects' perceived mental health

    Subject's self-report different measures of mental health using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (None of the time) to 5 (All of the time)

    Measured: 8 weeks of treatment

  22. Subject's perceived general health and well-being

    ubject's self-report different aspects of general health and well-being using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (None) to 5 (Severe)

    Measured: baseline

  23. Subject's perceived general health and well-being

    ubject's self-report different aspects of general health and well-being using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (None) to 5 (Severe)

    Measured: 1 week of treatment

  24. Subject's perceived general health and well-being

    ubject's self-report different aspects of general health and well-being using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (None) to 5 (Severe)

    Measured: 2 weeks of treatment

  25. Subject's perceived general health and well-being

    ubject's self-report different aspects of general health and well-being using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (None) to 5 (Severe)

    Measured: 3 weeks of treatment

  26. Subject's perceived general health and well-being

    ubject's self-report different aspects of general health and well-being using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (None) to 5 (Severe)

    Measured: 4 weeks of treatment

  27. Subject's perceived general health and well-being

    ubject's self-report different aspects of general health and well-being using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (None) to 5 (Severe)

    Measured: 5 weeks of treatment

  28. Subject's perceived general health and well-being

    ubject's self-report different aspects of general health and well-being using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (None) to 5 (Severe)

    Measured: 6 weeks of treatment

  29. Subject's perceived general health and well-being

    ubject's self-report different aspects of general health and well-being using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (None) to 5 (Severe)

    Measured: 7 weeks of treatment

  30. Subject's perceived general health and well-being

    ubject's self-report different aspects of general health and well-being using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (None) to 5 (Severe)

    Measured: 8 weeks of treatment

  31. Subject's perceived skin health

    ubject's self-report their perception of their skin health for different skin qualities using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (Very Bad) to 5 (Very Good)

    Measured: baseline

  32. Subject's perceived skin health

    ubject's self-report their perception of their skin health for different skin qualities using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (Very Bad) to 5 (Very Good)

    Measured: 1 week of treatment

  33. Subject's perceived skin health

    ubject's self-report their perception of their skin health for different skin qualities using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (Very Bad) to 5 (Very Good)

    Measured: 2 weeks of treatment

  34. Subject's perceived skin health

    ubject's self-report their perception of their skin health for different skin qualities using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (Very Bad) to 5 (Very Good)

    Measured: 3 weeks of treatment

  35. Subject's perceived skin health

    ubject's self-report their perception of their skin health for different skin qualities using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (Very Bad) to 5 (Very Good)

    Measured: 4 weeks of treatment

  36. Subject's perceived skin health

    ubject's self-report their perception of their skin health for different skin qualities using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (Very Bad) to 5 (Very Good)

    Measured: 5 weeks of treatment

  37. Subject's perceived skin health

    ubject's self-report their perception of their skin health for different skin qualities using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (Very Bad) to 5 (Very Good)

    Measured: 6 weeks of treatment

  38. Subject's perceived skin health

    ubject's self-report their perception of their skin health for different skin qualities using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (Very Bad) to 5 (Very Good)

    Measured: 7 weeks of treatment

  39. Subject's perceived skin health

    ubject's self-report their perception of their skin health for different skin qualities using a questionnaire with a scale of 1 (Very Bad) to 5 (Very Good)

    Measured: 8 weeks of treatment

  40. Quantitative Skin measures

    A skin report will generated using the 3D Pear Plus system

    Measured: baseline

  41. Quantitative Skin measures

    A skin report will generated using the 3D Pear Plus system

    Measured: 30 days of treatment

  42. Quantitative Skin measures

    A skin report will generated using the 3D Pear Plus system

    Measured: 60 days of treatment

Secondary outcomes (6)
  1. Food Logs

    Dietary intake will be reported for the 5 days prior to the study visit

    Measured: baseline

  2. Food Logs

    Dietary intake will be reported for the 5 days prior to the study visit

    Measured: 30 days of treatment

  3. Food Logs

    Dietary intake will be reported for the 5 days prior to the study visit

    Measured: 60 days of treatment

  4. Resting blood pressure

    Blood pressure will be measured following a 10 minute rest

    Measured: baseline

  5. Resting blood pressure

    Blood pressure will be measured following a 10 minute rest

    Measured: 30 days of treatment

  6. Resting blood pressure

    Blood pressure will be measured following a 10 minute rest

    Measured: 60 days of treatment

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted17 Dec 2021
  2. Study start22 Oct 2021
  3. Primary completion27 Jun 2023
  4. Study completion24 Aug 2023

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Basic science
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Model description
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
Masking
Double blind
Who is masked
Participant, Investigator
Enrolment
50 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT05162820
Sponsor's protocol ID
PRO-FY2021-416
Status last verified
Sep 2023
First submitted
8 Dec 2021
Last updated
26 Sep 2023
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing 100 mg Solarplast in people with Immunity and Smoking, Cigarette, run by University of Memphis at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 12 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 26 Sep 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Plasma Cytokine Panel (time frame: baseline). The study lists 42 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 26 Sep 2023.

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