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PreDiabetesNCT05163964

Chronotype, Chrononutrition and Glucose Tolerance Among Prediabetic Individuals

An observational study of PreDiabetes and Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, run by Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman at 11 sites in Malaysia.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

Chronotype and chrononutrition, both are emerging research fields in nutritional epidemiology. However, its association with glycemic control in the global population is less clear. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 to 65 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
PreDiabetes, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
What is being tested?
Lifestyle Intervention
How many people
120 participants
Where
11 sitesMalaysia
Study dates
1 Jan 2022to 31 Dec 2023
How long will I take part?
6 Months
Phase
Observational
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 to 65 years
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Adult, Older adult

Study population: The proposed study will be conducted in community clinics in Malacca, Malaysia. Malacca is the capital of the coastal stage, located in southwestern Malaysia, with an estimated total population of 0.93 million in the year 2019 (Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia, 2021). In 2019, National Health and Morbidity Survey reported that 17% of Malaccan adults had hyperglycemia and 13.7% of them had known diabetes. Malacca is 1 out of the top five states showing the highest prevalence of diabetes in Malaysia (IPH, NIH and MOH, 2019). Prediabetes and diabetes will be defined according to the latest Clinical Practice Guideline in Malaysia (WHO \& IDF, 2006; ADA, 2020; MOH et al., 2020).

Who may be able to join

  • Newly diagnosed prediabetic individuals who have been first seen by clinical dieticians registered under the Ministry of Health Malaysia.
  • Malaysian ≥ 18 years old.
  • Those who plan to continue prediabetes care at the selected community clinic in Melaka.
  • Those who can read, write and understand the Malay Language.

Who cannot join

  • Night shift workers at least 3 times per week.
  • Known sleep disorder.
  • Pregnant Women.
  • Those on oral glucose-lowering medications, diabetes supplements, anticonvulsant medications or oral steroids currently or in the last month.
  • Those with prior explored to any information regarding time-of-eating/time-of-activity restriction.
  • Those with chronic kidney disease. They are excluded as current research lack of evidence to support the accuracy of using 24-hour continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) (Freestyle Libre Pro, Abbott, Germany).

Trial locations and contacts

11 sites in 1 country.

11 sites in 1 country

Malaysia11 sites
  • Community Clinic Peringgit

    Malacca, 75450

  • Community Clinic Batu Berendam

    Malacca, 77000

  • Community Clinic Sungai Udang

    Melaka Tengah, Melaka, 75350

  • Community Clinic Ayer Keroh

    Melaka Tengah, Melaka, 75450

  • Community Clinic Ayer Molek

    Melaka Tengah, Melaka, 75450

  • Community Clinic Bukit Rambai

    Melaka Tengah, Melaka, 75450

  • Community Clinic Jalan Gereja

    Melaka Tengah, Melaka, 75450

  • Community Clinic Klebang Besar

    Melaka Tengah, Melaka, 75450

  • Community Clinic Seri Tanjung

    Melaka Tengah, Melaka, 75450

  • Community Clinic Tengkera

    Melaka Tengah, Melaka, 75450

  • Community Clinic Ujong Pasir

    Melaka Tengah, Melaka, 75450

Other trials in Malaysia

About this study

Official title: Chronotype, Chrononutrition and Glucose Tolerance Among Prediabetic Individuals: Chrono-DM TM

Chronotype and chrononutrition, both are emerging research fields in nutritional epidemiology. However, its association with glycemic control in the global population is less clear. A better understanding of how activity/ eating time can influence glucose levels in prediabetic individuals may improve strategies for blood glucose control. The present paper aims to determine the associations of chronotype and chrononutrition with glucose tolerance among prediabetic individuals in Malaysia.

Read the detailed description

This is a prospective longitudinal study named Chrono-DMTM, that targets to recruit 166 newly diagnosed prediabetic individuals from the community clinics in Malacca, Malaysia. Respondents will be followed-up for 6 months: (1) baseline (1st oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)); (2) second visit (at 3rd month); and (3) third visit (2nd OGTT at 6th month). Data collection includes sociodemographic and anthropometry measurements (weight, height, body fat, visceral fat, waist and hip circumference). Dietary intake and meal timing are collected using the 3-day dietary record while data on sleep pattern, light exposure, chronotype and chrononutrition will be collected using validated questionnaires. Physical activity will be captured using a validated IPAQ questionnaire and pedometer during periods of wearing Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensor. CGM, fasting plasma glucose (FBG), OGTT and HbA1c are performed to assess glycemic outcomes.

Being tested
Lifestyle Intervention
Keywords
Chrononutrition, Chronotype, Glycemic outcomes, Meal Timing
Medical subject headings
Prediabetic State, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Lifestyle InterventionBehavioural

    Also called Dietary consultation

    Circadian misalignment contributes to the high glycemic outcome. To adjust meal timing earlier and avoid late-night meal eating patterns, to switch from the evening chronotype to morning chronotype possibility to reverse glucose fluctuation conditions.

Study groups in NCT05163964
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Control GroupPrediabetes patients aged 18-65 years old, who plan to continue healthcare services at a community clinic in Malacca, no literacy barries
Receives: Behavioral: Lifestyle Intervention

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. The change of baseline glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) among prediabetes adults at 6 months.

    The results displayed in unit (%)

    Measured: Baseline to 6 months

  2. The change of baseline fasting plasma glucose (FPG) among prediabetes adults at 6 months.

    The results displayed in unit (mmol/L).

    Measured: Baseline to 6 months

  3. The change of baseline 2-hour post-load plasma glucose among prediabetes adults at 6 months.

    The results displayed in unit (mmol/L).

    Measured: Baseline to 6 months

  4. The change of baseline continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) profile among prediabetes adults at 6 months.

    The results displayed in glycemic variability.

    Measured: Baseline to 6 months

Secondary outcomes (2)
  1. The change of eating misalignment among prediabetes adults at 6 months

    By using the validated questionnaire Chrononutrition Profile Questionnaire (CPQ), the six different chrononutrition behaviors, which are breakfast skipping, largest meal, evening eating, evening latency, night eating, and eating window can be collected.

    The CP-Q is used to evaluate eating misalignment. Eating misalignment is discrepancies between when people prefer to eat and when participants actually eat. Discrepancies can be calculated by using the chrononutrition behavior values for the item of interest. These are then subtracted from the preference value as measured by the CP-Q.

    Measured: Baseline to 6 months

  2. The change of chronotype among prediabetes adults at 6 months.

    By using the validated questionnaire Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ), participants will be categorized into morning type, evening type, and neither type for the chronotype category data.

    Measured: Baseline to 6 months

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted20 Dec 2021
  2. Study start1 Jan 2022
  3. Primary completion31 Dec 2023
  4. Study completion31 Dec 2023

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Observational
Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrolment
120 participants (actual)
Target duration
6 Months
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT05163964
Sponsor's protocol ID
TAR UC/EC/2021/02-3
Status last verified
May 2024
First submitted
8 Nov 2021
Last updated
8 May 2024
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No: The validation and reliability of Chrononutrition Profile Questionnaire planned to share with researchers but the other data are not shared with other researchers.

Publications

  • Wirth MD, Zhao L, Turner-McGrievy GM, Ortaglia A. Associations between Fasting Duration, Timing of First and Last Meal, and Cardiometabolic Endpoints in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Nutrients. 2021 Aug 3;13(8):2686. doi: 10.3390/nu13082686.

    PubMed 34444846
  • Mezitis NHE, Bhatnagar V. Chrononutrition Applied to Diabetes Management: A Paradigm Shift Long Delayed. Diabetes Spectr. 2018 Nov;31(4):349-353. doi: 10.2337/ds18-0014. No abstract available.

    PubMed 30510391
  • Hawley JA, Sassone-Corsi P, Zierath JR. Chrono-nutrition for the prevention and treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes: from mice to men. Diabetologia. 2020 Nov;63(11):2253-2259. doi: 10.1007/s00125-020-05238-w. Epub 2020 Aug 6.

    PubMed 32761356
  • Oda H. Chrononutrition. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2015;61 Suppl:S92-4. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.61.S92.

    PubMed 26598903
  • Jiang P, Turek FW. Timing of meals: when is as critical as what and how much. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2017 May 1;312(5):E369-E380. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00295.2016. Epub 2017 Jan 31.

    PubMed 28143856
  • Sakai R, Hashimoto Y, Ushigome E, Miki A, Okamura T, Matsugasumi M, Fukuda T, Majima S, Matsumoto S, Senmaru T, Hamaguchi M, Tanaka M, Asano M, Yamazaki M, Oda Y, Fukui M. Late-night-dinner is associated with poor glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes: The KAMOGAWA-DM cohort study. Endocr J. 2018 Apr 26;65(4):395-402. doi: 10.1507/endocrj.EJ17-0414. Epub 2018 Jan 27.

    PubMed 29375081
  • Imai S, Kajiyama S, Hashimoto Y, Yamane C, Miyawaki T, Ozasa N, Tanaka M, Fukui M. Divided consumption of late-night-dinner improves glycemic excursions in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized cross-over clinical trial. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2017 Jul;129:206-212. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2017.05.010. Epub 2017 May 16.

    PubMed 28549298
  • Gouda M, Matsukawa M, Iijima H. Associations between eating habits and glycemic control and obesity in Japanese workers with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2018 Oct 17;11:647-658. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S176749. eCollection 2018.

    PubMed 30410377
  • Anothaisintawee T, Lertrattananon D, Thamakaison S, Knutson KL, Thakkinstian A, Reutrakul S. Later chronotype is associated with higher hemoglobin A1c in prediabetes patients. Chronobiol Int. 2017;34(3):393-402. doi: 10.1080/07420528.2017.1279624. Epub 2017 Jan 27.

    PubMed 28128995
  • Chong GY, Kaur S, Abd Talib R, Loy SL, Tan HY, Binti Abdullah R, Binti Mahmud H, Siah WY, Kee CC, Koo HC. Exploration of the longitudinal associations between sleep behaviours, anthropometric measurements and body composition in adults with prediabetes. Chronobiol Int. 2026 Jun;43(6):911-923. doi: 10.1080/07420528.2026.2638533. Epub 2026 Mar 11.

    PubMed 41810501
  • Chong GY, Kaur S, Abd Talib R, Loy SL, Tan HY, Binti Abdullah R, Binti Mahmud H, Siah WY, Tan LK, Kee CC, Koo HC. Association between chrononutrition, sleep behaviours, and glycaemic outcomes in individuals with prediabetes: Findings from the Chrono-DMTM study. Chronobiol Int. 2025 Oct;42(10):1328-1340. doi: 10.1080/07420528.2025.2543298. Epub 2025 Aug 20.

    PubMed 40832725
  • Chong GY, Kaur S, Talib RA, Loy SL, Tan HY, Harjit Singh SS, Abdullah RB, Mahmud HB, Siah WY, Koo HC. Chronotype, chrononutrition and glucose tolerance among prediabetic individuals: research protocol for a prospective longitudinal study Chrono-DM. BMC Prim Care. 2022 Aug 4;23(1):193. doi: 10.1186/s12875-022-01815-7.

    PubMed 35922777

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

An observational study of PreDiabetes and Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, run by Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman at 11 sites in Malaysia.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 8 May 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 11 sites in Malaysia. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

The change of baseline glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) among prediabetes adults at 6 months. (time frame: Baseline to 6 months). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05163964, which also lists 12 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 8 May 2024.

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