COVID-19PASCNCT05218174
Exercise in Adults with Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection Study
A study testing Exercise Prescription in people with COVID-19, run by Baylor Research Institute at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
To examine the efficacy of an 8-week exercise training program on functional, cognitive, and emotional health outcomes compared to a no treatment control condition in adults with PASC. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- Conditions the study is for
- COVID-19
- What is being tested?
- Exercise Prescription
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 21 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 22 Apr 2022to 29 Dec 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- 18-65 years of age
- Self-reported history of COVID-19 diagnosis
- Self-reported ongoing symptoms of PASC >4 weeks after initial infection
Who cannot join
- Neuromotor, musculoskeletal, or rheumatoid disorders that are exacerbated by exercise or conditions preventing cooperation
- COVID-19 infection occurring > 6 months prior to screening date
- Contraindications to Symptom-limited Maximal Exercise Testing
- Individuals without access to a device with iOS (apple devices such as iPhone, iPad, MacBook, etc.)
- Patient-reported diagnosis of severe arterial hypertension
- Patient reported metabolic disease
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- Patient reported uncontrolled asthma
- Inmates
- Pregnancy
- Patient reported supplemental O2 use
- Presence of beards
- Patient reported diagnosis of claustrophobia
- Non-English speaking
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
Baylor Scott and White Sports Therapy and Research
Frisco, Texas, 75034
About this study
Official title: Exercise Training and Functional, Cognitive, and Emotional Well-being in Adults with Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection (PASC): a Randomized Controlled Trial
To examine the efficacy of an 8-week exercise training program on functional, cognitive, and emotional health outcomes compared to a no treatment control condition in adults with PASC.
Read the detailed description
Conduct a randomized control trial with a wait-list control to examine the efficacy of an 8-week exercise training program on functional, cognitive, and emotional health outcomes compared to a no treatment control condition in adults with PASC.
Examine participant compliance (in-person attendance, online engagement) with the 8-week exercise training program including in-person exercise sessions, cognitive performance training, and virtual exercise sessions delivered via a mobile application.
To determine if compliance with the 8-week exercise training program is associated with improvement in functional, cognitive, and emotional health outcomes.
Determine if there is a maintenance effect for individuals randomized into the 8-week exercise training program by comparing their outcomes at the end of the 8-week training exercise program to their outcomes at the end of their trial participation (16 weeks).
- Conditions
- COVID-19
- Being tested
- Exercise Prescription
- Medical subject headings
- COVID-19
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Exercise PrescriptionOther
In this prospective, randomized control trial, the investigators will compare functional exercise capacity, cognitive performance, and emotional well-being at baseline and following 2 conditions: (1) an 8-week exercise training program (intervention) or (2) no training program (control). Participants will be randomized using a 1:1 randomization scheme into either the intervention or control group. After 8 weeks, participants in the wait-list control group will begin the intervention for the next 8 weeks and activity undergone by participants first randomized into the intervention group will remain under observation.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Exercise training program | Experimental | Participants in this arm will complete an 8-week exercise training program comprised of an initial functional assessment to create an exercise prescription, followed by 7 in-person weekly sessions. Each session consisting of approximately 50 minutes of individualized exercise training and approximately 10 minutes of cognitive training via the Sports Academy "CogPT" iPad app. All participants will receive exercise and cognitive training delivered weekly in a group-based setting at Sports Academy within the Star in Frisco, Texas during the intervention period. Additionally, they will have access to daily workouts pushed to their phone via the MOVE exercise app developed by our team. Receives: Other: Exercise Prescription |
| No training program | Sham comparator | Participants in this arm will be wearing the WHOOP band for 8-weeks but will not be exposed to any active intervention. Receives: Other: Exercise Prescription |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Peak Oxygen Consumption (VO2max), mL/min
Peak oxygen consumption (VO2max) is an indicator of health and fitness. Participants will perform a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) while a metabolic cart measures and calculates their VO2max.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Peak Oxygen Consumption (VO2max), mL/min
Peak oxygen consumption (VO2max) is an indicator of health and fitness. Participants will perform a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) while a metabolic cart measures and calculates their VO2max.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Peak Oxygen Consumption (VO2max), mL/min
Peak oxygen consumption (VO2max) is an indicator of health and fitness. Participants will perform a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) while a metabolic cart measures and calculates their VO2max.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Score on Cognitive Function Self-Assessment Scale (CFSS)
The Cognitive Function Self-Assessment Scale (CFSS) is an 18-item questionnaire designed to self-assess cognitive function. Each question uses a 5-point Likert scale ranging from "never" (0) to "always" (5). The total score is calculated from the mean of the numbers with a lower values indicating a better self-perception of cognitive function and higher values indicating a worse self-perception of cognitive function.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Score on Cognitive Function Self-Assessment Scale (CFSS)
The Cognitive Function Self-Assessment Scale (CFSS) is an 18-item questionnaire designed to self-assess cognitive function. Each question uses a 5-point Likert scale ranging from "never" (0) to "always" (5). The total score is calculated from the mean of the numbers with a lower values indicating a better self-perception of cognitive function and higher values indicating a worse self-perception of cognitive function.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Score on Cognitive Function Self-Assessment Scale (CFSS)
The Cognitive Function Self-Assessment Scale (CFSS) is an 18-item questionnaire designed to self-assess cognitive function. Each question uses a 5-point Likert scale ranging from "never" (0) to "always" (5). The total score is calculated from the mean of the numbers with a lower values indicating a better self-perception of cognitive function and higher values indicating a worse self-perception of cognitive function.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Score on PHQ-8
The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8) is an 8-item self-report questionnaire assessing the participant for depression. Each question uses a 4-point scale and the score is determined by the sum of the 8 numbers with higher scores indicating a more severe depression.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Score on PHQ-8
The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8) is an 8-item self-report questionnaire assessing the participant for depression. Each question uses a 4-point Likert scale and the score is determined by the sum of the 8 numbers with higher scores indicating a more severe depression.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Score on PHQ-8
The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8) is an 8-item self-report questionnaire assessing the participant for depression. Each question uses a 4-point Likert scale and the score is determined by the sum of the 8 numbers with higher scores indicating a more severe depression.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Secondary outcomes (115)
Duration, mm:ss
Total time of test (CPET).
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Duration, mm:ss
Total time of test (CPET).
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Duration, mm:ss
Total time of test (CPET).
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Peak VO2 (absolute), mL/min
Using metabolic cart, absolute peak oxygen consumption will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Peak VO2 (absolute), mL/min
Using metabolic cart, absolute peak oxygen consumption will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Peak VO2 (absolute), mL/min
Using metabolic cart, absolute peak oxygen consumption will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Peak VO2 (relative), mL/kg/min
Using metabolic cart, relative peak oxygen consumption will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Peak VO2 (relative), mL/kg/min
Using metabolic cart, relative peak oxygen consumption will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Peak VO2 (relative), mL/kg/min
Using metabolic cart, relative peak oxygen consumption will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Metabolic Equivalents
Using metabolic cart, metabolic equivalents will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Metabolic Equivalents
Using metabolic cart, metabolic equivalents will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Metabolic Equivalents
Using metabolic cart, metabolic equivalents will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Respiratory Exchange Ratio
Using metabolic cart, respiratory exchange ratio will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Respiratory Exchange Ratio
Using metabolic cart, respiratory exchange ratio will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Respiratory Exchange Ratio
Using metabolic cart, respiratory exchange ratio will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
VE/VCO2 slope
Using metabolic cart, VE/VCO2 slope will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
VE/VCO2 slope
Using metabolic cart, VE/VCO2 slope will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
VE/VCO2 slope
Using metabolic cart, VE/VCO2 slope will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Minute Ventilation, L/min
Using metabolic cart, minute ventilation will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Minute Ventilation, L/min
Using metabolic cart, minute ventilation will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Minute Ventilation, L/min
Using metabolic cart, minute ventilation will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Breathing Reserve, %
Using metabolic cart, breathing reserve will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Breathing Reserve, %
Using metabolic cart, breathing reserve will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Breathing Reserve, %
Using metabolic cart, breathing reserve will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Tidal Volume, L
Using metabolic cart, tidal volume will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Tidal Volume, L
Using metabolic cart, tidal volume will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Tidal Volume, L
Using metabolic cart, tidal volume will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Respiratory Frequency, /min
Using metabolic cart, respiratory frequency will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Respiratory Frequency, /min
Using metabolic cart, respiratory frequency will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Respiratory Frequency, /min
Using metabolic cart, respiratory frequency will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Heart Rate, bpm
Using metabolic cart, heart rate will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Heart Rate, bpm
Using metabolic cart, heart rate will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Heart Rate, bpm
Using metabolic cart, heart rate will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Heart Rate Reserve, bpm
Using metabolic cart, heart rate reserve will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Heart Rate Reserve, bpm
Using metabolic cart, heart rate reserve will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Heart Rate Reserve, bpm
Using metabolic cart, heart rate reserve will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Heart Rate Recovery at 1 min, bpm
Using metabolic cart, heart rate recovery at 1 minute will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Heart Rate Recovery at 1 min, bpm
Using metabolic cart, heart rate recovery at 1 minute will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Heart Rate Recovery at 1 min, bpm
Using metabolic cart, heart rate recovery at 1 minute will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
VO2/Heart Rate, mL/beat
Using metabolic cart, VO2/heart rate will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
VO2/Heart Rate, mL/beat
Using metabolic cart, VO2/heart rate will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
VO2/Heart Rate, mL/beat
Using metabolic cart, VO2/heart rate will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
VO2 at anaerobic threshold, mL/min
Using metabolic cart, VO2 at anaerobic threshold will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
VO2 at anaerobic threshold, mL/min
Using metabolic cart, VO2 at anaerobic threshold will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
VO2 at anaerobic threshold, mL/min
Using metabolic cart, VO2 at anaerobic threshold will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
PetCO2, mmHg
Using metabolic cart, end-tidal carbon dioxide pressure (PetCO2) will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
PetCO2, mmHg
Using metabolic cart, end-tidal carbon dioxide pressure (PetCO2) will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
PetCO2, mmHg
Using metabolic cart, end-tidal carbon dioxide pressure (PetCO2) will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
PetO2, mmHg
Using metabolic cart, end-tidal oxygen pressure (PetO2) will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
PetO2, mmHg
Using metabolic cart, end-tidal oxygen pressure (PetO2) will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
PetO2, mmHg
Using metabolic cart, end-tidal oxygen pressure (PetO2) will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
VE/VCO2
Using metabolic cart, minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2) will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
VE/VCO2
Using metabolic cart, minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2) will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
VE/VCO2
Using metabolic cart, minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production (VE/VCO2) will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Self-Rated Perceived Exertion
The Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (6-20) scale will be used during the test to assess subjective exertion. Measured during each stage of the exercise protocol during the cardiopulmonary exercise test. Higher ratings indicating a higher level of exertion.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Self-Rated Perceived Exertion
The Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (6-20) scale will be used during the test to assess subjective exertion. Measured during each stage of the exercise protocol during the cardiopulmonary exercise test. Higher ratings indicating a higher level of exertion.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Self-Rated Perceived Exertion
The Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (6-20) scale will be used during the test to assess subjective exertion. Measured during each stage of the exercise protocol during the cardiopulmonary exercise test. Higher ratings indicating a higher level of exertion.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Self-Rated Dyspnea
The Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale (0-10) will be used to assess subjective shortness of breath. Measured during each stage of the exercise protocol during the cardiopulmonary exercise test. Higher values indicating a higher degree of shortness of breath.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Self-Rated Dyspnea
The Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale (0-10) will be used to assess subjective shortness of breath. Measured during each stage of the exercise protocol during the cardiopulmonary exercise test. Higher values indicating a higher degree of shortness of breath.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Self-Rated Dyspnea
The Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale (0-10) will be used to assess subjective shortness of breath. Measured during each stage of the exercise protocol during the cardiopulmonary exercise test. Higher values indicating a higher degree of shortness of breath.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Pulse oximetry
Measured by a pulse oximeter during each stage of the exercise protocol of the cardiopulmonary exercise test on a cycle ergometer.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Pulse oximetry
Measured by a pulse oximeter during each stage of the exercise protocol of the cardiopulmonary exercise test on a cycle ergometer.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Pulse oximetry
Measured by a pulse oximeter during each stage of the exercise protocol of the cardiopulmonary exercise test on a cycle ergometer.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Rhythm on electrocardiogram
Using an electrocardiogram, heart rhythm will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Rhythm on electrocardiogram
Using an electrocardiogram, heart rhythm will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Rhythm on electrocardiogram
Using an electrocardiogram, heart rhythm will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Heart Rate Variability (HRV)
Using the WHOOP 4.0, heart rate variability (HRV) will be calculated and recorded. This will be continuously recorded for 26 weeks.
Measured: Lasting 26 weeks.
Respiratory rate
Using the WHOOP 4.0, respiratory rate will be recorded. This will be continuously recorded for 26 weeks.
Measured: Lasting 26 weeks.
Strain
Using the WHOOP 4.0, strain will be calculated and recorded. This will be continuously recorded for 26 weeks.
Measured: Lasting 26 weeks.
Skin temperature, °F
Using the WHOOP 4.0, skin temperature will be recorded. This will be continuously recorded for 26 weeks.
Measured: Lasting 26 weeks.
IPAQ
The International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form (IPAQ-SF) is a 6-item questionnaire assessing how active an individual has been by asking about their activity history. Using the IPAQ, activity history will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
IPAQ
The International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form (IPAQ-SF) is a 6-item questionnaire assessing how active an individual has been by asking about their activity history. Using the IPAQ, activity history will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
IPAQ
The International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form (IPAQ-SF) is a 6-item questionnaire assessing how active an individual has been by asking about their activity history. Using the IPAQ, activity history will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Motor Speed on CogPT app
Using the Sports Academy CogPT iPad application, motor speed will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Motor Speed on CogPT app
Using the Sports Academy CogPT iPad application, motor speed will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Motor Speed on CogPT app
Using the Sports Academy CogPT iPad application, motor speed will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Reaction Time on CogPT app
Using the Sports Academy CogPT iPad application, reaction time will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Reaction Time on CogPT app
Using the Sports Academy CogPT iPad application, reaction time will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Reaction Time on CogPT app
Using the Sports Academy CogPT iPad application, reaction time will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Reaction Time with No-Go on CogPT app
Using the Sports Academy CogPT iPad application, reaction time with no-go will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Reaction Time with No-Go on CogPT app
Using the Sports Academy CogPT iPad application, reaction time with no-go will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Reaction Time with No-Go on CogPT app
Using the Sports Academy CogPT iPad application, reaction time with no-go will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Dexterity on CogPT app
Using the Sports Academy CogPT iPad application, dexterity will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Dexterity on CogPT app
Using the Sports Academy CogPT iPad application, dexterity will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Dexterity on CogPT app
Using the Sports Academy CogPT iPad application, dexterity will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Inhibition on CogPT app
Using the Sports Academy CogPT iPad application, inhibition will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Inhibition on CogPT app
Using the Sports Academy CogPT iPad application, inhibition will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Inhibition on CogPT app
Using the Sports Academy CogPT iPad application, inhibition will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Dual-Processing on CogPT app
Using the Sports Academy CogPT iPad application, dual-processing will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Dual-Processing on CogPT app
Using the Sports Academy CogPT application, dual-processing will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Dual-Processing on CogPT app
Using the Sports Academy CogPT iPad application, dual-processing will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Working Memory Capacity
Using the Sports Academy CogPT iPad application, working memory capacity will be recorded.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Working Memory Capacity
Using the Sports Academy CogPT iPad application, working memory capacity will be recorded.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Working Memory Capacity
Using the Sports Academy CogPT iPad application, working memory capacity will be recorded.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Sleep duration on WHOOP
Using the WHOOP 4.0, sleep duration will be recorded. This will be continuously recorded every night for 26 weeks.
Measured: Lasting 26 weeks.
Sleep efficiency on WHOOP
Using the WHOOP 4.0, sleep efficiency will be recorded. This will be continuously recorded every night for 26 weeks.
Measured: Lasting 26 weeks.
Sleep stage duration on WHOOP
Using the WHOOP 4.0, sleep stage duration will be recorded. This will be continuously recorded every night for 26 weeks.
Measured: Lasting 26 weeks.
Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)
The Sleep Disturbance-Short Form 4a is derived from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) and will be used to assess for adult sleep disturbance profiles. It consists of 4-items and is based on a 5-point scale. The sum of each response creates a total raw score. Higher total scores indicate a greater adult sleep disturbance profile. This measure is normed to the US general population.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)
The Sleep Disturbance-Short Form 4a is derived from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) and will be used to assess for adult sleep disturbance profiles. It consists of 4-items and is based on a 5-point scale. The sum of each response creates a total raw score. Higher total scores indicate a greater adult sleep disturbance profile. This measure is normed to the US general population.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)
The Sleep Disturbance-Short Form 4a is derived from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) and will be used to assess for adult sleep disturbance profiles. It consists of 4-items and is based on a 5-point scale. The sum of each response creates a total raw score. Higher total scores indicate a greater adult sleep disturbance profile. This measure is normed to the US general population.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Health Related Quality of Life (EQ-5D)
Health Related Quality of Life will be assessed using the EuroQol (EQ-5D), a short questionnaire that covers mobility, self-care, activity, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. This tool has shown to be valid, reliable, and responsive in a wide range of conditions and populations.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Health Related Quality of Life (EQ-5D)
Health Related Quality of Life will be assessed using the EuroQol (EQ-5D), a short questionnaire that covers mobility, self-care, activity, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. This tool has shown to be valid, reliable, and responsive in a wide range of conditions and populations.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Health Related Quality of Life (EQ-5D)
Health Related Quality of Life will be assessed using the EuroQol (EQ-5D), a short questionnaire that covers mobility, self-care, activity, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. This tool has shown to be valid, reliable, and responsive in a wide range of conditions and populations.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Anxiety (GAD-7)
Anxiety will be measured using the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). It is a 7-item form, each of which is scored 0 to 3, yielding a 0 to 21 severity score. Higher scores indicating a more severe anxiety. The GAD-7 has shown to be valid, reliable, and sensitive in clinical practice and research.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Anxiety (GAD-7)
Anxiety will be measured using the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). It is a 7-item form, each of which is scored 0 to 3, yielding a 0 to 21 severity score. Higher scores indicating a more severe anxiety. The GAD-7 has shown to be valid, reliable, and sensitive in clinical practice and research.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Anxiety (GAD-7)
Anxiety will be measured using the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). It is a 7-item form, each of which is scored 0 to 3, yielding a 0 to 21 severity score. Higher scores indicating a more severe anxiety. The GAD-7 has shown to be valid, reliable, and sensitive in clinical practice and research.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
PTSD (LEC-5 and PCL-5)
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity and trauma history will be assessed using two scales. The Life Events Checklist for DSM-5 (LEC-5) is a 17-item self-report measure designed to screen for traumatic life events. Participants will indicate varying levels of exposure to each type of potentially traumatic event included on a 6-point scale. Additionally, participants will complete the PTSD Check List (PCL-5), a 20-item self-report measure which yields a total symptom severity score of 0-80. Higher scores indicating a greater severity.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
PTSD (LEC-5 and PCL-5)
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity and trauma history will be assessed using two scales. The Life Events Checklist for DSM-5 (LEC-5) is a 17-item self-report measure designed to screen for traumatic life events. Participants will indicate varying levels of exposure to each type of potentially traumatic event included on a 6-point scale. Additionally, participants will complete the PTSD Check List (PCL-5), a 20-item self-report measure which yields a total symptom severity score of 0-80. Higher scores indicating a greater severity.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
PTSD (LEC-5 and PCL-5)
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity and trauma history will be assessed using two scales. The Life Events Checklist for DSM-5 (LEC-5) is a 17-item self-report measure designed to screen for traumatic life events. Participants will indicate varying levels of exposure to each type of potentially traumatic event included on a 6-point scale. Additionally, participants will complete the PTSD Check List (PCL-5), a 20-item self-report measure which yields a total symptom severity score of 0-80. Higher scores indicating a greater severity.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Breathlessness (mMRC)
Breathlessness will be assessed using the Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (mMRC) which is a self-report scale ranging from 0 to 4 commonly used to assess dyspnea during everyday life in patients with pulmonary disease. Higher values indicating a greater condition of dyspnea.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Breathlessness (mMRC)
Breathlessness will be assessed using the Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (mMRC) which is a self-report scale ranging from 0 to 4 commonly used to assess dyspnea during everyday life in patients with pulmonary disease. Higher values indicating a greater condition of dyspnea.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Breathlessness (mMRC)
Breathlessness will be assessed using the Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (mMRC) which is a self-report scale ranging from 0 to 4 commonly used to assess dyspnea during everyday life in patients with pulmonary disease. Higher values indicating a greater condition of dyspnea.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Posttraumatic growth (PTGI)
Post-traumatic growth will be assessed by the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), a 21-item scale with possible responses of 0 to 5 assessing positive outcomes after traumatic events. Numerical total score will be obtained and recorded with higher scores indicating a greater degree of change as a result of a crisis.
Measured: At first assessment, during week 1.
Posttraumatic growth (PTGI)
Post-traumatic growth will be assessed by the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), a 21-item scale with possible responses of 0 to 5 assessing positive outcomes after traumatic events. Numerical total score will be obtained and recorded with higher scores indicating a greater degree of change as a result of a crisis.
Measured: At second assessment, during week 11.
Posttraumatic growth (PTGI)
Post-traumatic growth will be assessed by the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), a 21-item scale with possible responses of 0 to 5 assessing positive outcomes after traumatic events. Numerical total score will be obtained and recorded with higher scores indicating a greater degree of change as a result of a crisis.
Measured: At third assessment, during week 20.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted1 Feb 2022
- Study start22 Apr 2022
- Primary completion17 Nov 2023
- Study completion29 Dec 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for COVID-19Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Baylor Research InstituteThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 21 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Baylor Research Institute
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Sports Academy
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Simon Driver, Baylor Research Institute
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05218174
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 021-347
- Acronym
- PASC
- Status last verified
- Oct 2024
- First submitted
- 22 Nov 2021
- Last updated
- 22 Jan 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 22 Jan 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Exercise Training and Functional, Cognitive, and Emotional Well-being in Adults with Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection (PASC): a Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05218174
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- PASC / 021-347
- Conditions
- COVID-19
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 21 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Baylor Research InstituteUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Sports Academy
- Study start
- 22 Apr 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 17 Nov 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 29 Dec 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 1 Feb 2022 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
To examine the efficacy of an 8-week exercise training program on functional, cognitive, and emotional health outcomes compared to a no treatment control condition in adults with PASC.
Detailed description
Conduct a randomized control trial with a wait-list control to examine the efficacy of an 8-week exercise training program on functional, cognitive, and emotional health outcomes compared to a no treatment control condition in adults with PASC.
Examine participant compliance (in-person attendance, online engagement) with the 8-week exercise training program including in-person exercise sessions, cognitive performance training, and virtual exercise sessions delivered via a mobile application.
To determine if compliance with the 8-week exercise training program is associated with improvement in functional, cognitive, and emotional health outcomes.
Determine if there is a maintenance effect for individuals randomized into the 8-week exercise training program by comparing their outcomes at the end of the 8-week training exercise program to their outcomes at the end of their trial participation (16 weeks).
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Exercise training program | Experimental | Other: Exercise PrescriptionParticipants in this arm will complete an 8-week exercise training program comprised of an initial functional assessment to create an exercise prescription, followed by 7 in-person weekly sessions. Each session consisting of approximately 50 minutes of individualized exercise training and approximately 10 minutes of cognitive training via the Sports Academy "CogPT" iPad app. All participants will receive exercise and cognitive training delivered weekly in a group-based setting at Sports Academy within the Star in Frisco, Texas during the intervention period. Additionally, they will have access to daily workouts pushed to their phone via the MOVE exercise app developed by our team. |
| No training program | Sham comparator | Other: Exercise PrescriptionParticipants in this arm will be wearing the WHOOP band for 8-weeks but will not be exposed to any active intervention. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- 18-65 years of age
- Self-reported history of COVID-19 diagnosis
- Self-reported ongoing symptoms of PASC >4 weeks after initial infection
Key exclusion criteria (13 listed)
- Neuromotor, musculoskeletal, or rheumatoid disorders that are exacerbated by exercise or conditions preventing cooperation
- COVID-19 infection occurring > 6 months prior to screening date
- Contraindications to Symptom-limited Maximal Exercise Testing
- Individuals without access to a device with iOS (apple devices such as iPhone, iPad, MacBook, etc.)
- Patient-reported diagnosis of severe arterial hypertension
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Exercise PrescriptionIn this prospective, randomized control trial, the investigators will compare functional exercise capacity, cognitive performance, and emotional well-being at baseline and following 2 conditions: (1) an 8-week exercise training program (intervention) or (2) no training program (control). Participants will be randomized using a 1:1 randomization scheme into either the intervention or control group. After 8 weeks, participants in the wait-list control group will begin the intervention for the next 8 weeks and activity undergone by participants first randomized into the intervention group will remain under observation. | Other | Exercise training program, No training program |
Primary outcome
Peak Oxygen Consumption (VO2max), mL/min
Time frame: At first assessment, during week 1.
Peak oxygen consumption (VO2max) is an indicator of health and fitness. Participants will perform a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) while a metabolic cart measures and calculates their VO2max.
Peak Oxygen Consumption (VO2max), mL/min
Time frame: At second assessment, during week 11.
Peak oxygen consumption (VO2max) is an indicator of health and fitness. Participants will perform a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) while a metabolic cart measures and calculates their VO2max.
Peak Oxygen Consumption (VO2max), mL/min
Time frame: At third assessment, during week 20.
Peak oxygen consumption (VO2max) is an indicator of health and fitness. Participants will perform a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) while a metabolic cart measures and calculates their VO2max.
Score on Cognitive Function Self-Assessment Scale (CFSS)
Time frame: At first assessment, during week 1.
The Cognitive Function Self-Assessment Scale (CFSS) is an 18-item questionnaire designed to self-assess cognitive function. Each question uses a 5-point Likert scale ranging from "never" (0) to "always" (5). The total score is calculated from the mean of the numbers with a lower values indicating a better self-perception of cognitive function and higher values indicating a worse self-perception of cognitive function.
Score on Cognitive Function Self-Assessment Scale (CFSS)
Time frame: At second assessment, during week 11.
The Cognitive Function Self-Assessment Scale (CFSS) is an 18-item questionnaire designed to self-assess cognitive function. Each question uses a 5-point Likert scale ranging from "never" (0) to "always" (5). The total score is calculated from the mean of the numbers with a lower values indicating a better self-perception of cognitive function and higher values indicating a worse self-perception of cognitive function.
Score on Cognitive Function Self-Assessment Scale (CFSS)
Time frame: At third assessment, during week 20.
The Cognitive Function Self-Assessment Scale (CFSS) is an 18-item questionnaire designed to self-assess cognitive function. Each question uses a 5-point Likert scale ranging from "never" (0) to "always" (5). The total score is calculated from the mean of the numbers with a lower values indicating a better self-perception of cognitive function and higher values indicating a worse self-perception of cognitive function.
Score on PHQ-8
Time frame: At first assessment, during week 1.
The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8) is an 8-item self-report questionnaire assessing the participant for depression. Each question uses a 4-point scale and the score is determined by the sum of the 8 numbers with higher scores indicating a more severe depression.
Score on PHQ-8
Time frame: At second assessment, during week 11.
The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8) is an 8-item self-report questionnaire assessing the participant for depression. Each question uses a 4-point Likert scale and the score is determined by the sum of the 8 numbers with higher scores indicating a more severe depression.
Score on PHQ-8
Time frame: At third assessment, during week 20.
The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8) is an 8-item self-report questionnaire assessing the participant for depression. Each question uses a 4-point Likert scale and the score is determined by the sum of the 8 numbers with higher scores indicating a more severe depression.
115 secondary outcomes
Duration, mm:ss
Time frame: At first assessment, during week 1.
Duration, mm:ss
Time frame: At second assessment, during week 11.
Duration, mm:ss
Time frame: At third assessment, during week 20.
Peak VO2 (absolute), mL/min
Time frame: At first assessment, during week 1.
Peak VO2 (absolute), mL/min
Time frame: At second assessment, during week 11.
Peak VO2 (absolute), mL/min
Time frame: At third assessment, during week 20.
Peak VO2 (relative), mL/kg/min
Time frame: At first assessment, during week 1.
Peak VO2 (relative), mL/kg/min
Time frame: At second assessment, during week 11.
Peak VO2 (relative), mL/kg/min
Time frame: At third assessment, during week 20.
Metabolic Equivalents
Time frame: At first assessment, during week 1.
Metabolic Equivalents
Time frame: At second assessment, during week 11.
Metabolic Equivalents
Time frame: At third assessment, during week 20.
Respiratory Exchange Ratio
Time frame: At first assessment, during week 1.
Respiratory Exchange Ratio
Time frame: At second assessment, during week 11.
Respiratory Exchange Ratio
Time frame: At third assessment, during week 20.
VE/VCO2 slope
Time frame: At first assessment, during week 1.
VE/VCO2 slope
Time frame: At second assessment, during week 11.
VE/VCO2 slope
Time frame: At third assessment, during week 20.
Minute Ventilation, L/min
Time frame: At first assessment, during week 1.
Minute Ventilation, L/min
Time frame: At second assessment, during week 11.
Minute Ventilation, L/min
Time frame: At third assessment, during week 20.
Breathing Reserve, %
Time frame: At first assessment, during week 1.
Breathing Reserve, %
Time frame: At second assessment, during week 11.
Breathing Reserve, %
Time frame: At third assessment, during week 20.
Tidal Volume, L
Time frame: At first assessment, during week 1.
Tidal Volume, L
Time frame: At second assessment, during week 11.
Tidal Volume, L
Time frame: At third assessment, during week 20.
Respiratory Frequency, /min
Time frame: At first assessment, during week 1.
Respiratory Frequency, /min
Time frame: At second assessment, during week 11.
Respiratory Frequency, /min
Time frame: At third assessment, during week 20.
Heart Rate, bpm
Time frame: At first assessment, during week 1.
Heart Rate, bpm
Time frame: At second assessment, during week 11.
Heart Rate, bpm
Time frame: At third assessment, during week 20.
Heart Rate Reserve, bpm
Time frame: At first assessment, during week 1.
Heart Rate Reserve, bpm
Time frame: At second assessment, during week 11.
Heart Rate Reserve, bpm
Time frame: At third assessment, during week 20.
Heart Rate Recovery at 1 min, bpm
Time frame: At first assessment, during week 1.
Heart Rate Recovery at 1 min, bpm
Time frame: At second assessment, during week 11.
Heart Rate Recovery at 1 min, bpm
Time frame: At third assessment, during week 20.
VO2/Heart Rate, mL/beat
Time frame: At first assessment, during week 1.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 22 Jan 2025.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Exercise Prescription in people with COVID-19, run by Baylor Research Institute at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 13 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 22 Jan 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Peak Oxygen Consumption (VO2max), mL/min (time frame: At first assessment, during week 1.). The study lists 9 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 22 Jan 2025.