Infant BehaviorBEARINCT05324007

Babies' Expectations About Racial Interactions

A study testing Basic Science in people with Infant Behavior, run by University of Chicago at 1 site in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Trial summary

This study will examine whether infants view race as an inductively useful social cue to predict third-party social relationships. Read more about this study

Who is it for?: Ages 8 to 14 monthsHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for: Infant Behavior
What is being tested?: Basic Science
Could I receive a placebo?: No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people: 128 participants
Where: 1 siteUnited States
Study dates: 1 Sep 2021to 27 Mar 2022
Phase: Interventional
Are there results?: Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

Ages 8 to 14 months
All sexes
Healthy volunteers accepted
Child

Who may be able to join

full term (at least 37 weeks at birth)
no known developmental delays

Who cannot join

not full term (less than 37 weeks at birth)
known developmental delays

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United States1 site

Infant Learning and Development Laboratory at University of Chicago
Chicago, Illinois, 60637

Other trials in United States

About this study

This study will examine whether infants view race as an inductively useful social cue to predict third-party social relationships.

Read the detailed description

Based on findings that infants expect more affiliation between same language speakers than different language speakers (i.e., infants will look longer at affiliation between different language speakers than same language speakers), this study will assess whether infants' expectations about intra- and inter-racial interactions will also follow the same pattern as language. After informed consent, participants who meet the eligibility requirements will be randomized into one of the 3 conditions: Watching (1) two White adults affiliating and disengaging, (2) two Black adults affiliating and disengaging, and (3) one White and one Black adults affiliating and disengaging.

Conditions: Infant Behavior
Being tested: Basic Science
Medical subject headings: Infant Behavior

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

Basic ScienceOther
This is a basic science experiment to test whether infants' looking time to video stimuli differ according to the race of the individuals shown.

Study groups in NCT05324007
Study group	Role	What they receive
White-White	Experimental	Infants will first view 4 familiarization trials, in which the two adults each take turns waving and saying a short sentence. Each trial will last 10.5s. Which adult speaks first and which side she appears on will be counterbalanced. These familiarization trials will ensure infants encode each person separately. Then infants will watch 6 test trials (3 affiliation and 3 disengagement). The test trials will alternate, and the order will be counterbalanced across infants. In affiliation trials, the two adults will say "hello" and wave, whereas in the disengagement trials, the two adults will say "hmph", and turn away from each other. Both affiliation and disengagement will have the same length (3s), with actors maintaining the same distance from each other throughout the video. The procedure will be identical for all arms except in "White-White" arm, the two adults infants see will be two White adults. Receives: Other: Basic Science
Black-Black	Experimental	The procedure is identical to the "White-White" arm except the two adults infants see will be two Black adults. Receives: Other: Basic Science
Black-White	Experimental	The procedure is identical to the "White-White" arm except the two adults infants see will be one White and one Black adult. Receives: Other: Basic Science

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

Participants' Average Time Spent Looking at Stimuli According to Condition
Infants' looking time to affiliation vs. disengagement stimuli was measured by two coders blind to the condition that infants were assigned to. Then, the values from each coders were compared and if there was disagreement, after discussion one value was selected. Thus, the reported outcome is the single value that both coders produced or agreed upon values from the two coders.
Measured: After the infants completed the study (which lasted about 10 minutes), two coders viewed the video recording of the session to measure infants' looking at the affiliation and disengagement stimuli.

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

1 Sep 202127 Mar 2022

First posted12 Apr 2022
Study start1 Sep 2021
Primary completion27 Mar 2022
Study completion27 Mar 2022

Resources

Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
Other trials for Infant BehaviorStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
More trials run by University of ChicagoThe sponsor's other registered studies.
What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design

Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase N/A
Primary purpose: Basic science
Allocation: Randomised
Intervention model: Parallel groups
Masking: Quadruple blind
Who is masked: Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
Enrolment: 128 participants (actual)

IDs, dates and publications

ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05324007
Sponsor's protocol ID: IRB18-1257
Acronym: BEARI
Status last verified: Apr 2024
First submitted: 1 Apr 2022
Last updated: 24 Apr 2024
Results posted: Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
Data monitoring committee: No
FDA-regulated drug: No
FDA-regulated device: No
Individual data sharing: Yes: All data that was used in analysis will be shared publicly on Open Science Framework repository.

Want to know more?

The sponsor has not listed a contact. The official record may have more details.

Talk to your doctor first and take this page with you. Only the study team can confirm whether you can join.

Questions to ask the study team

What is the study trying to find out?
What would I need to do, and how often would I visit?
Could I receive a placebo instead of the treatment?
What are the possible risks and benefits for me?
Will it cost me anything? Are travel or time paid for?
Can I keep seeing my own doctor during the study?
What happens when the study ends?

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Study at a glance

From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 24 Apr 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.

Official title: Babies' Expectations About Racial Interactions
ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05324007
Acronym / sponsor ID: BEARI / IRB18-1257
Conditions: Infant Behavior
Study type: Interventional
Recruitment status: Completed
Enrolment: 128 participants (actual)
Lead sponsor: University of ChicagoUniversity, hospital or other
Study start: 1 Sep 2021 (actual)
Primary completion: 27 Mar 2022 (actual)
Study completion: 27 Mar 2022 (actual)
First posted: 12 Apr 2022 (actual)
Results: Posted 24 Apr 2024

Clinical summary

The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.

This study will examine whether infants view race as an inductively useful social cue to predict third-party social relationships.

Detailed description

Study design

Primary purpose: Basic science
Allocation: Randomised
Intervention model: Parallel groups
Masking: Quadruple blind (participant, care provider, investigator, outcomes assessor)
Number of arms: 3

Arm	Type	Receives
White-White	Experimental	Other: Basic ScienceInfants will first view 4 familiarization trials, in which the two adults each take turns waving and saying a short sentence. Each trial will last 10.5s. Which adult speaks first and which side she appears on will be counterbalanced. These familiarization trials will ensure infants encode each person separately. Then infants will watch 6 test trials (3 affiliation and 3 disengagement). The test trials will alternate, and the order will be counterbalanced across infants. In affiliation trials, the two adults will say "hello" and wave, whereas in the disengagement trials, the two adults will say "hmph", and turn away from each other. Both affiliation and disengagement will have the same length (3s), with actors maintaining the same distance from each other throughout the video. The procedure will be identical for all arms except in "White-White" arm, the two adults infants see will be two White adults.
Black-Black	Experimental	Other: Basic ScienceThe procedure is identical to the "White-White" arm except the two adults infants see will be two Black adults.
Black-White	Experimental	Other: Basic ScienceThe procedure is identical to the "White-White" arm except the two adults infants see will be one White and one Black adult.

Who may qualify

Ages: 8 to 14 months
Sex: All
Healthy volunteers: Accepted
Age groups: Child

Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)

full term (at least 37 weeks at birth)
no known developmental delays

Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)

not full term (less than 37 weeks at birth)
known developmental delays

Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Interventions

Intervention	Type	Arms
Basic ScienceThis is a basic science experiment to test whether infants' looking time to video stimuli differ according to the race of the individuals shown.	Other	Black-Black, Black-White, White-White

Primary outcome

Participants' Average Time Spent Looking at Stimuli According to Condition
Time frame: After the infants completed the study (which lasted about 10 minutes), two coders viewed the video recording of the session to measure infants' looking at the affiliation and disengagement stimuli.
Infants' looking time to affiliation vs. disengagement stimuli was measured by two coders blind to the condition that infants were assigned to. Then, the values from each coders were compared and if there was disagreement, after discussion one value was selected. Thus, the reported outcome is the single value that both coders produced or agreed upon values from the two coders.

Results and safety

Results posted to the registry on 24 Apr 2024, as reported by the sponsor. Figures are copied from the record, not re-analysed. Full results on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Participant flow

Group	Started	Completed
White-White	43	30
Black-Black	43	30
Black-White	42	30

Primary outcome: Participants' Average Time Spent Looking at Stimuli According to Condition

Time frame: After the infants completed the study (which lasted about 10 minutes), two coders viewed the video recording of the session to measure infants' looking at the affiliation and disengagement stimuli.. Mean (Standard Deviation). Unit: seconds

Measure	White-White n = 30	Black-Black n = 30	Black-White n = 30
Avg looking at affiliation	10.72 (3.27)	10.07 (3.20)	10.99 (3.56)
Avg looking at disengagement	9.53 (3.10)	10.20 (2.45)	9.65 (3.52)

White-White vs Black-Black vs Black-White: partial eta squared: .062, p <.05, ANOVA

Population analysed: We ended up excluding 38 infants from the 128 infants we recruited due to technical issues (e.g., no video of infant in the study produced or infants' study video was cut off due to internet speed), parental/family interference (e.g., parents spoke during the study or siblings interrupted), and due to infant crying and not completing the study. Thus, after exclusion, the final data sample we analyzed is 90 infants.

Adverse events

Other adverse events reported at 0% frequency or more

Group	Serious adverse events	Other adverse events
White-White	0 of 0	0 of 0
Black-Black	0 of 0	0 of 0
Black-White	0 of 0	0 of 0

Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…

Research links

Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 24 Apr 2024.
Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. All data that was used in analysis will be shared publicly on Open Science Framework repository.

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Referral and contact

AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.

Hyesung G Hwang, PhD principal investigator

University of Chicago

1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Basic Science in people with Infant Behavior, run by University of Chicago at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 24 Apr 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 24 Apr 2024). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Participants' Average Time Spent Looking at Stimuli According to Condition (time frame: After the infants completed the study (which lasted about 10 minutes), two coders viewed the video recording of the session to measure infants' looking at the affiliation and disengagement stimuli.). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05324007.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 24 Apr 2024; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 28 Oct 2026.