eMotiph: E-mental Health Solution for Patients With Schizophrenia

Positive, negative and general symptoms of schizophrenia will be assessed. There are not cut off points, direct scores are converted to percentiles. Higher values mean higher presence of positive, negative and general symptoms.

The level of depression severity in schizophrenia will be assessed. Cut off points: 0-5, no depression; 6-27, depression.

The level of anxiety will be assessed. The score range is 0-63. A total score of 0-7 is considered minimal range, 8-15 is mild, 16-25 is moderate, and 26-63 is severe.

The severity of positive, negative, depressive and cognitive symptoms and the overall severity of the disorder will be evaluated. The scale is rated on the following seven-point scale: 1=normal, not at all ill; 2=borderline mentally ill; 3=mildly ill; 4=moderately ill; 5=markedly ill; 6=severely ill; 7=among the most extremely ill patients. A higher score indicates a higher severity level.

Measurement of five personality traits: five factors are named Neuroticism (N), Extraversion (E), Openness. Higher scores indicates higher presence of the trait.

(O), Agreeableness (A), and Conscientiousness (C).

Measurement of alexithymia personality trait. Scoring range: 20-100 (higher scores indicate greater impairment).

The overall functioning of the patient will be evaluated. The score is between 0-100, where lower scores indicate psychosocial problems that make life difficult for the person under evaluation.

The specific functioning in 4 main areas will be evaluated. The final score ranges from 100 to 0, where from 100 to 70 points, the ratings refer only to mild difficulties, from 70 to 31 to manifest disabilities of various degrees, and under 30 points, the person's functioning is so poor that intensive support or supervision is needed

Measurement of quality of life according to the patient's perception. It is a 0-100 scale where respondents indicate their overall health status. A higher score indicates higher perceived health.

Measurement of the personal construct of empowerment. The BUES is a 28-item self-report questionnaire which consists of five factors: self-efficacy and self-esteem, power and powerlessness, community activism, righteous anger, and optimism toward and control over the future. Possible scores range from 1 to 4, with higher scores indicating more empowerment.

Measurement of patient's viewpoint about recovery from psychosis. The QPR is a 15-item self-report questionnaire scored on a 4-point scale (0= disagree strongly, 4=agree strongly). Higher scores are indicative of recovery.

Subjective measurement of recovery. This scale ranges from 0 to 10, and higher scores are indicative of recovery.

Measurement of severity of each hallucination's dimensions. PSYRATS-H is comprised of 11 items on specific dimensions of hallucinations, with each item being rated from 0 (absent) to 4 (severe). The total score ranges from 2 to 44, with higher scores indicating more severe symptoms.

Assessment of delusional symptoms. The PDI is a 21-item questionnaire. Total score is the sum of positive responses on each item, giving a maximum score of 21 points. Likewise, for each one of the items, there are three subscales that measure degree of conviction, preoccupa- tion, and distress The higher the score, the greater the delusional symptoms is.

Assessment of insight into illness. The scale consists of 3 general items: awareness of mental disorder, awareness of the effects of medication and awareness of the social consequences of the disorder; and of 17 items related to specific symptoms, which make up two subscales: awareness and attribution. Higher scores indicate a lower level of disorder awareness or more incorrect attribution (worse awareness).

Assessment of insight into cognitive processes involved in anomalous experiences and misinterpretations. The BCIS is a 15-item self-report questionnaire scored on a 4-point scale (0= do not agree at all, 3= agree completely). It is comprised of two subscales, self-reflectiveness and self-certainty, and a composite Reflectiveness-Certainty Index score. The higher this index score, the greater the cognitive insight is.

The level of depression severity will be assessed. ODSIS is a 5-item self-report questionnaire and is scored on a Likert-type scale ranging from 0 to 4. Higher scores indicate greater severity and functional interference associated with depression.

The level of anxiety severity will be assessed. OASIS is a 5-item self-report questionnaire and is scored on a Likert-type scale ranging from 0 to 4. Higher scores indicate greater anxiety-related severity and impairment.

Measurement of capacity to recognise basic and complex emotions in faces. consists of 20-items showing pictures of an actress displaying an emotion. Higher scores indicate a greater capacity for recognizing emotions.

Measurement of the tendency to regulate emotions. The ERQ is a self-report questionnaire and is scored on a Likert-type scale, ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree). It is comprised of two subscales, cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression. Higher scores indicate higher usage of the strategies.

Measurement of emotional regulation's dimensions. The DERS is a 28-item self-report questionnaire and is scored on a Likert-type scale, ranging from 1 (almost never) to 5 (almost always). It is comprised of five subscales (inattention, confusion, rejection, interference, lack of control) and a total score. Higher scores indicate higher difficulties in emotion regulation.

Assessment of mindfulness' facets. The FFMQ is a 39-item self-report measure and is scored on a Likert-type scale, ranging from 1 (never) to 5 (very often). It is comprised of five subscales: Observing, Describing, Acting with Awareness, Nonjudging of Inner Experience, and Nonreactivity to Inner Experience. Higher scores represent higher subscale levels of mindfulness.

Measurement of the frequency of involuntary autobiographical memories and involuntary future thoughts. The IAMI is a 20-item self-report measure and is scored on a Likert-type scale, ranging from 0 (never) to 4 (once every hour or more). It is comprised of two subscales: frequency of future involuntary events and frequency of past involuntary events. Higher scores represent higher subscale levels of involuntary memory and thoughts.

Measurement of the frequency of voluntary autobiographical memories and future thoughts. The VCQ is a 10-item self-report measure and is scored on a Likert-type scale, ranging from 0 (never) to 4 (once every hour or more). It is comprised of two subscales: frequency of future voluntary events and frequency of past voluntary events. Higher scores represent higher subscale levels of voluntary memory and thoughts.

Assessment of bias related to psychosis. The CBQp consist of 30 descriptions of everyday situations related to anomalous perceptions or threatening events. Each group of statements covers five cognitive biases: intentionalising, catastrophising, dichotomous thinking, jumping to conclusions and emotional reasoning. Higher scores represent higher level of cognitive biases.

Measurement of schemas. The BCSS have 24 items concerning beliefs about the self and others that are assessed on a five-point rating scale (0-4). Four scores are obtained: negative-self, positive- self, negative-others and positive-others. Higher scores indicate a greater endorsement of a schema.

Measurement of the functional process to connect with emotions. The BEAQ is comprised of 15 items, with each item being rated from 1 (Strongly disagree) to 6 (Strongly agree). The total score ranges from 15 to 90, with higher scores indicating more experiential avoidance.