FrailtySAIFNCT05371210
An End-to-end System for Assessment and Intervention of Frailty
A study testing SAIF in people with Frailty, run by Tan Tock Seng Hospital at 1 site in Singapore.
Trial summary
The study aims to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of using SAIF (an end-to-end System for Assessment and Intervention of Frailty) to reduce the risk and delay the progress of physical frailty. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 60 to 90 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Frailty
- What is being tested?
- SAIF
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 105 participants
- Where
- 1 siteSingapore
- Study dates
- 15 Mar 2021to 16 Jun 2022
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 60 to 90 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Age 60 and above
- CFS 4 or 5 / CFS 3 with FRAIL score at least 1 / CFS 3 with FPQ score at least 1
- Ambulate for at least 10m without walking aid
- English and/or Mandarin speaking
Who cannot join
- Known diagnosis of dementia or CMMSE score <19
- Parkinson's disease
- Hip surgery within the last 6 months
- Presence of end-stage organ failure, symptomatic heart conditions or COPD
- Active arthritis
- Hospitalisation within the last 1 month
- Participants who are unable to provide consent
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: SAIF: An End-to-end System for Assessment and Intervention of Frailty
The study aims to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of using SAIF (an end-to-end System for Assessment and Intervention of Frailty) to reduce the risk and delay the progress of physical frailty.
Read the detailed description
SAIF is a personalised, community-based system for both assessment and intervention of frailty. It comprises of 8 modules categorised into
- Interface: virtual nurse and caregiver gateway
- Assessment: computerised screening using Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP) and FRAIL instruments, Gamified Walking While Talking to assess frailty status and predictive analytics to predict participant's frailty risk
- Intervention: Physical exercise kiosks (Cycling and Taichi) incorporated with games, polypharmacy management and nutrition recommendation
A total of 105 eligible community-dwelling older adults were recruited and randomised either to control arm or intervention arm using a single-consent Zelen's design. Allocation concealment was achieved using permutated block randomisation; both research assistant and participant were blinded to randomisation list during enrolment.
All participants completed baseline assessment and subsequent follow-up assessments (2-month, 4-month and 7-month). Additionally, participants in the intervention arm began SAIF interaction for a period of 4 months upon completion of their baseline assessment.
- Conditions
- Frailty
- Being tested
- SAIF
- Medical subject headings
- Frailty
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
SAIFOther
Participants interacted with SAIF system at least 2-3 times per week; each session took up to 20 minutes.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| SAIF | Experimental | After completion of baseline assessment, participants were required to interact with the SAIF system for 4 months. They were followed up at 2-month (mid-way of intervention), 4-month (end of intervention), and 7-month (3 months post-intervention). Receives: Other: SAIF |
| Control | No intervention | Participants received a one-time health pamphlet after completing baseline assessment. They were followed up at 2-month, 4-month and 7-month thereafter. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in frailty scores as measured by Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP)
FFP consists of 5 physical criteria: exhaustion, slowness, weakness, weight loss and low physical activity. Total score of criteria classifies participants into 3 categories:
Not Frail (score 0) Pre-frail (score 1-2) Frail (score 3-5)
Measured: 4 months
Change in frailty scores as measured by Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP)
FFP consists of 5 physical criteria: exhaustion, slowness, weakness, weight loss and low physical activity. Total score of criteria classifies participants into 3 categories:
Not Frail (score 0) Pre-frail (score 1-2) Frail (score 3-5)
Measured: 7 months
Change in physical performance scored based on Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB)
SPPB is an assessment tool that evaluates function in older adults based on total score derived from measurement of gait speed, balance and chair stand tests. SPPB instrument has a score range of 0 (worst performance) to 12 (best performance).
Measured: 4 months
Change in physical performance scored based on Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB)
SPPB is an assessment tool that evaluates function in older adults based on total score derived from measurement of gait speed, balance and chair stand tests. SPPB instrument has a score range of 0 (worst performance) to 12 (best performance).
Measured: 7 months
Correlation between SAIF system and Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) for identification of pre-frailty and frailty
CFS is a 9-point validated clinical assessment tool to evaluate frailty and fitness of an older adult. Domains of scale includes functions, comorbidities and cognition. Score on scale can classify participant's fitness into categories: very fit (CFS 1), well (CFS 2), managing well (CFS 3), vulnerable (CFS 4), mildly frail (CFS 5), moderately frail (CFS 6), severely frail (CFS 7), severely frail (CFS 8) and terminally ill (CFS 9).
Measured: 4 months
Correlation between SAIF system and Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) for identification of pre-frailty and frailty
CFS is a 9-point validated clinical assessment tool to evaluate frailty and fitness of an older adult. Domains of scale includes functions, comorbidities and cognition. Score on scale can classify participant's fitness into categories: very fit (CFS 1), well (CFS 2), managing well (CFS 3), vulnerable (CFS 4), mildly frail (CFS 5), moderately frail (CFS 6), severely frail (CFS 7), severely frail (CFS 8) and terminally ill (CFS 9).
Measured: 7 months
Secondary outcomes (4)
Change in Health Education Impact Questionnaire (heiQ) scores
heiQ is a validated, self-reported instrument with 8 domains to comprehensively evaluate patient education program and self-management intervention. Each domain score ranges from 1 to 4; a higher score indicates better outcome.
Measured: 4 months
Change in Health Education Impact Questionnaire (heiQ) scores
heiQ is a validated, self-reported instrument with 8 domains to comprehensively evaluate patient education program and self-management intervention. Each domain score ranges from 1 to 4; a higher score indicates better outcome.
Measured: 7 months
Change in quality of life as measured by five-level version of the EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L)
EQ-5D-5L is a validated, self-reported questionnaire that comprises 5 descriptive domains (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression) and self-rated health scale (0 being the worst health imagine and 100 being the best health imagine).
Measured: 4 months
Change in quality of life as measured by five-level version of the EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L)
EQ-5D-5L is a validated, self-reported questionnaire that comprises 5 descriptive domains (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression) and self-rated health scale (0 being the worst health imagine and 100 being the best health imagine).
Measured: 7 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted12 May 2022
- Study start15 Mar 2021
- Primary completion16 Jun 2022
- Study completion16 Jun 2022
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (15)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for FrailtyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 105 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Tan Tock Seng Hospital
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Nanyang Technological University
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Wee Shiong Lim, Principal investigator, Tan Tock Seng Hospital
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05371210
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2020/01163
- Acronym
- SAIF
- Status last verified
- Aug 2022
- First submitted
- 5 May 2022
- Last updated
- 23 Dec 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Borrat-Besson, C., Ryser, V.-A., amp; Wernli, B. (2013). Transition between frailty states - A European comparison. In A. Börsch-Supan, M. Brandt, H. Litwin, G. Weber (Eds.), Active ageing and solidarity between generations in Europe - First results from SHARE after the economic crisis, 175-186.
Cesari M, Prince M, Thiyagarajan JA, De Carvalho IA, Bernabei R, Chan P, Gutierrez-Robledo LM, Michel JP, Morley JE, Ong P, Rodriguez Manas L, Sinclair A, Won CW, Beard J, Vellas B. Frailty: An Emerging Public Health Priority. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2016 Mar 1;17(3):188-92. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.12.016. Epub 2016 Jan 21.
PubMed 26805753Chong MS, Tay L, Chan M, Lim WS, Ye R, Tan EK, Ding YY. Prospective longitudinal study of frailty transitions in a community-dwelling cohort of older adults with cognitive impairment. BMC Geriatr. 2015 Dec 29;15:175. doi: 10.1186/s12877-015-0174-1.
PubMed 26715536Dent E, Lien C, Lim WS, Wong WC, Wong CH, Ng TP, Woo J, Dong B, de la Vega S, Hua Poi PJ, Kamaruzzaman SBB, Won C, Chen LK, Rockwood K, Arai H, Rodriguez-Manas L, Cao L, Cesari M, Chan P, Leung E, Landi F, Fried LP, Morley JE, Vellas B, Flicker L. The Asia-Pacific Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Frailty. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2017 Jul 1;18(7):564-575. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2017.04.018.
PubMed 28648901Fairhall N, Langron C, Sherrington C, Lord SR, Kurrle SE, Lockwood K, Monaghan N, Aggar C, Gill L, Cameron ID. Treating frailty--a practical guide. BMC Med. 2011 Jul 6;9:83. doi: 10.1186/1741-7015-9-83.
PubMed 21733149Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, Newman AB, Hirsch C, Gottdiener J, Seeman T, Tracy R, Kop WJ, Burke G, McBurnie MA; Cardiovascular Health Study Collaborative Research Group. Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001 Mar;56(3):M146-56. doi: 10.1093/gerona/56.3.m146.
PubMed 11253156Geraedts HA, Zijlstra W, Zhang W, Bulstra S, Stevens M. Adherence to and effectiveness of an individually tailored home-based exercise program for frail older adults, driven by mobility monitoring: design of a prospective cohort study. BMC Public Health. 2014 Jun 7;14:570. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-570.
PubMed 24908049Gill TM, Gahbauer EA, Allore HG, Han L. Transitions between frailty states among community-living older persons. Arch Intern Med. 2006 Feb 27;166(4):418-23. doi: 10.1001/archinte.166.4.418.
PubMed 16505261Merchant RA, Chen MZ, Tan LWL, Lim MY, Ho HK, van Dam RM. Singapore Healthy Older People Everyday (HOPE) Study: Prevalence of Frailty and Associated Factors in Older Adults. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2017 Aug 1;18(8):734.e9-734.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2017.04.020. Epub 2017 Jun 13.
PubMed 28623152Mitnitski AB, Mogilner AJ, Rockwood K. Accumulation of deficits as a proxy measure of aging. ScientificWorldJournal. 2001 Aug 8;1:323-36. doi: 10.1100/tsw.2001.58.
PubMed 12806071Morley JE, Malmstrom TK, Miller DK. A simple frailty questionnaire (FRAIL) predicts outcomes in middle aged African Americans. J Nutr Health Aging. 2012 Jul;16(7):601-8. doi: 10.1007/s12603-012-0084-2.
PubMed 22836700Puts MTE, Toubasi S, Andrew MK, Ashe MC, Ploeg J, Atkinson E, Ayala AP, Roy A, Rodriguez Monforte M, Bergman H, McGilton K. Interventions to prevent or reduce the level of frailty in community-dwelling older adults: a scoping review of the literature and international policies. Age Ageing. 2017 May 1;46(3):383-392. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afw247.
PubMed 28064173Rockwood K, Song X, MacKnight C, Bergman H, Hogan DB, McDowell I, Mitnitski A. A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people. CMAJ. 2005 Aug 30;173(5):489-95. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.050051.
PubMed 16129869Teo N, Gao Q, Nyunt MSZ, Wee SL, Ng TP. Social Frailty and Functional Disability: Findings From the Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Studies. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2017 Jul 1;18(7):637.e13-637.e19. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2017.04.015.
PubMed 28648903Verghese J, Holtzer R, Lipton RB, Wang C. Mobility stress test approach to predicting frailty, disability, and mortality in high-functioning older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2012 Oct;60(10):1901-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04145.x. Epub 2012 Sep 24.
PubMed 23002714
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 23 Dec 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- SAIF: An End-to-end System for Assessment and Intervention of Frailty
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05371210
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- SAIF / 2020/01163
- Conditions
- Frailty
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 105 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Tan Tock Seng HospitalUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Nanyang Technological University
- Study start
- 15 Mar 2021 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 16 Jun 2022 (actual)
- Study completion
- 16 Jun 2022 (actual)
- First posted
- 12 May 2022 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The study aims to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of using SAIF (an end-to-end System for Assessment and Intervention of Frailty) to reduce the risk and delay the progress of physical frailty.
Detailed description
SAIF is a personalised, community-based system for both assessment and intervention of frailty. It comprises of 8 modules categorised into
- Interface: virtual nurse and caregiver gateway
- Assessment: computerised screening using Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP) and FRAIL instruments, Gamified Walking While Talking to assess frailty status and predictive analytics to predict participant's frailty risk
- Intervention: Physical exercise kiosks (Cycling and Taichi) incorporated with games, polypharmacy management and nutrition recommendation
A total of 105 eligible community-dwelling older adults were recruited and randomised either to control arm or intervention arm using a single-consent Zelen's design. Allocation concealment was achieved using permutated block randomisation; both research assistant and participant were blinded to randomisation list during enrolment.
All participants completed baseline assessment and subsequent follow-up assessments (2-month, 4-month and 7-month). Additionally, participants in the intervention arm began SAIF interaction for a period of 4 months upon completion of their baseline assessment.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| SAIF | Experimental | Other: SAIFAfter completion of baseline assessment, participants were required to interact with the SAIF system for 4 months. They were followed up at 2-month (mid-way of intervention), 4-month (end of intervention), and 7-month (3 months post-intervention). |
| Control | No intervention | –Participants received a one-time health pamphlet after completing baseline assessment. They were followed up at 2-month, 4-month and 7-month thereafter. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 60 to 90 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Age 60 and above
- CFS 4 or 5 / CFS 3 with FRAIL score at least 1 / CFS 3 with FPQ score at least 1
- Ambulate for at least 10m without walking aid
- English and/or Mandarin speaking
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Known diagnosis of dementia or CMMSE score <19
- Parkinson's disease
- Hip surgery within the last 6 months
- Presence of end-stage organ failure, symptomatic heart conditions or COPD
- Active arthritis
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| SAIFParticipants interacted with SAIF system at least 2-3 times per week; each session took up to 20 minutes. | Other | SAIF |
Primary outcome
Change in frailty scores as measured by Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP)
Time frame: 4 months
FFP consists of 5 physical criteria: exhaustion, slowness, weakness, weight loss and low physical activity. Total score of criteria classifies participants into 3 categories: Not Frail (score 0) Pre-frail (score 1-2) Frail (score 3-5)
Change in frailty scores as measured by Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP)
Time frame: 7 months
FFP consists of 5 physical criteria: exhaustion, slowness, weakness, weight loss and low physical activity. Total score of criteria classifies participants into 3 categories: Not Frail (score 0) Pre-frail (score 1-2) Frail (score 3-5)
Change in physical performance scored based on Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB)
Time frame: 4 months
SPPB is an assessment tool that evaluates function in older adults based on total score derived from measurement of gait speed, balance and chair stand tests. SPPB instrument has a score range of 0 (worst performance) to 12 (best performance).
Change in physical performance scored based on Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB)
Time frame: 7 months
SPPB is an assessment tool that evaluates function in older adults based on total score derived from measurement of gait speed, balance and chair stand tests. SPPB instrument has a score range of 0 (worst performance) to 12 (best performance).
Correlation between SAIF system and Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) for identification of pre-frailty and frailty
Time frame: 4 months
CFS is a 9-point validated clinical assessment tool to evaluate frailty and fitness of an older adult. Domains of scale includes functions, comorbidities and cognition. Score on scale can classify participant's fitness into categories: very fit (CFS 1), well (CFS 2), managing well (CFS 3), vulnerable (CFS 4), mildly frail (CFS 5), moderately frail (CFS 6), severely frail (CFS 7), severely frail (CFS 8) and terminally ill (CFS 9).
Correlation between SAIF system and Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) for identification of pre-frailty and frailty
Time frame: 7 months
CFS is a 9-point validated clinical assessment tool to evaluate frailty and fitness of an older adult. Domains of scale includes functions, comorbidities and cognition. Score on scale can classify participant's fitness into categories: very fit (CFS 1), well (CFS 2), managing well (CFS 3), vulnerable (CFS 4), mildly frail (CFS 5), moderately frail (CFS 6), severely frail (CFS 7), severely frail (CFS 8) and terminally ill (CFS 9).
4 secondary outcomes
Change in Health Education Impact Questionnaire (heiQ) scores
Time frame: 4 months
Change in Health Education Impact Questionnaire (heiQ) scores
Time frame: 7 months
Change in quality of life as measured by five-level version of the EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L)
Time frame: 4 months
Change in quality of life as measured by five-level version of the EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L)
Time frame: 7 months
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 23 Dec 2025.
- BackgroundBorrat-Besson, C., Ryser, V.-A., amp; Wernli, B. (2013). Transition between frailty states - A European comparison. In A. Börsch-Supan, M. Brandt, H. Litwin, G. Weber (Eds.), Active ageing and solidarity between generations in Europe - First results from SHARE after the economic crisis, 175-186.
- Background: PubMed 26805753Cesari M, Prince M, Thiyagarajan JA, De Carvalho IA, Bernabei R, Chan P, Gutierrez-Robledo LM, Michel JP, Morley JE, Ong P, Rodriguez Manas L, Sinclair A, Won CW, Beard J, Vellas B. Frailty: An Emerging Public Health Priority. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2016 Mar 1;17(3):188-92. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.12.016. Epub 2016 Jan 21.
- Background: PubMed 26715536Chong MS, Tay L, Chan M, Lim WS, Ye R, Tan EK, Ding YY. Prospective longitudinal study of frailty transitions in a community-dwelling cohort of older adults with cognitive impairment. BMC Geriatr. 2015 Dec 29;15:175. doi: 10.1186/s12877-015-0174-1.
- Background: PubMed 28648901Dent E, Lien C, Lim WS, Wong WC, Wong CH, Ng TP, Woo J, Dong B, de la Vega S, Hua Poi PJ, Kamaruzzaman SBB, Won C, Chen LK, Rockwood K, Arai H, Rodriguez-Manas L, Cao L, Cesari M, Chan P, Leung E, Landi F, Fried LP, Morley JE, Vellas B, Flicker L. The Asia-Pacific Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Frailty. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2017 Jul 1;18(7):564-575. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2017.04.018.
- Background: PubMed 21733149Fairhall N, Langron C, Sherrington C, Lord SR, Kurrle SE, Lockwood K, Monaghan N, Aggar C, Gill L, Cameron ID. Treating frailty--a practical guide. BMC Med. 2011 Jul 6;9:83. doi: 10.1186/1741-7015-9-83.
- Background: PubMed 11253156Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, Newman AB, Hirsch C, Gottdiener J, Seeman T, Tracy R, Kop WJ, Burke G, McBurnie MA; Cardiovascular Health Study Collaborative Research Group. Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001 Mar;56(3):M146-56. doi: 10.1093/gerona/56.3.m146.
- Background: PubMed 24908049Geraedts HA, Zijlstra W, Zhang W, Bulstra S, Stevens M. Adherence to and effectiveness of an individually tailored home-based exercise program for frail older adults, driven by mobility monitoring: design of a prospective cohort study. BMC Public Health. 2014 Jun 7;14:570. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-570.
- Background: PubMed 16505261Gill TM, Gahbauer EA, Allore HG, Han L. Transitions between frailty states among community-living older persons. Arch Intern Med. 2006 Feb 27;166(4):418-23. doi: 10.1001/archinte.166.4.418.
- Background: PubMed 28623152Merchant RA, Chen MZ, Tan LWL, Lim MY, Ho HK, van Dam RM. Singapore Healthy Older People Everyday (HOPE) Study: Prevalence of Frailty and Associated Factors in Older Adults. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2017 Aug 1;18(8):734.e9-734.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2017.04.020. Epub 2017 Jun 13.
- Background: PubMed 12806071Mitnitski AB, Mogilner AJ, Rockwood K. Accumulation of deficits as a proxy measure of aging. ScientificWorldJournal. 2001 Aug 8;1:323-36. doi: 10.1100/tsw.2001.58.
- Background: PubMed 22836700Morley JE, Malmstrom TK, Miller DK. A simple frailty questionnaire (FRAIL) predicts outcomes in middle aged African Americans. J Nutr Health Aging. 2012 Jul;16(7):601-8. doi: 10.1007/s12603-012-0084-2.
- Background: PubMed 28064173Puts MTE, Toubasi S, Andrew MK, Ashe MC, Ploeg J, Atkinson E, Ayala AP, Roy A, Rodriguez Monforte M, Bergman H, McGilton K. Interventions to prevent or reduce the level of frailty in community-dwelling older adults: a scoping review of the literature and international policies. Age Ageing. 2017 May 1;46(3):383-392. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afw247.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Wee Shiong Lim principal investigator
Tan Tock Seng Hospital
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing SAIF in people with Frailty, run by Tan Tock Seng Hospital at 1 site in Singapore.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 23 Dec 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Singapore. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in frailty scores as measured by Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP) (time frame: 4 months). The study lists 6 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05371210, which also lists 15 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 23 Dec 2025.