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StrokeNCT05392543

Brunnstrom Movement Therapy Versus Mirror Therapy on Hand Function in Stroke

A study testing Brunnstrom movement therapy. and Mirror Therapy in people with Stroke, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

This study will be randomized clinical trial. Non Probability consecutive sampling technique will be used. Data will be collected from patients having stroke by using tools i.e Fugl-Meyer assessment: wrist and hand (FMA- WH) and Brunnstrom Hand Manipulation (BRS-H). Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 40 to 60 years
Conditions the study is for
Stroke
What is being tested?
Brunnstrom movement therapy. and Mirror Therapy
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
26 participants
Where
1 sitePakistan
Study dates
30 May 2022to 30 Jan 2023
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 40 to 60 years
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult

Who may be able to join

  • Both genders
  • Patient population of adults 40-70 years old
  • Any type of stroke (ischemic or hemorrhage)
  • upper extremity, hand impairment
  • (include stage here) on brunnstorm scale

Who cannot join

  • inability to follow commands
  • inability to sit more than 2 h (self-report)
  • Botox injection/chemo-denervation within the last 6 months
  • presence of cardiac pacemaker
  • current participation in other interventions/studies

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

Pakistan1 site

  • Sargodha Rafiqa Medical Center

    Lahore, Punjab Province, 54000

Other trials in Pakistan

About this study

Official title: Brunnstrom Movement Therapy Versus Mirror Therapy on Hand Function in Stroke Hemiplegic Population

This study will be randomized clinical trial. Non Probability consecutive sampling technique will be used. Data will be collected from patients having stroke by using tools i.e Fugl-Meyer assessment: wrist and hand (FMA- WH) and Brunnstrom Hand Manipulation (BRS-H). Those who will meet inclusion criteria will be recruited. An informed consent will be taken from all patients. The recruited subjects will be assessed according to outcome measures. Patients will be divided into 2 groups. Group A will be treated with Brunnstrom Movement Therapy plus Conventional therapy for 1 hour, 3 sessions per week (4 weeks) and Group B will be treated with Mirror Therapy plus Conventional therapy for 45 min, 3 sessions per week ( 4 weeks) 5 movements, 10 repetitions. Outcome measures will be measured at baseline, 2 weeks and after 4 weeks. Data analysis will be done by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25.

Read the detailed description

Stroke commonly known as Cerebro-Vascular Accident (CVA), is stated as a sudden commencement of neurological discrepancy which is attributable to a pivotal vascular basis. In modest words, it is a "brain attack", which occurs when the brain fails to get adequate blood circulation, as a result, brain cells do not get a sufficient amount of oxygen, and cells start dying ultimately. Brunnstrom movement therapy uses reflexes to develop movement behavior through sensory stimulation, in order to inhibit spasticity and movement retraining to enhance recovery. Mirror therapy (MT) in stroke patients involves performing unimpaired limb movements while observing there reflection of the mirror overlapping the impaired limb, creating a visual illusion of increased movement capacity in the impaired limb.

In previous researches, various conventional and contemporary approaches such as Brunnstrom, and Mirror therapy have been used to rehabilitate the hand after stroke in clinical settings. Previous literature was focus on digital and other conventional methods. However, despite a revolution in the number of therapeutic protocols, evidence of efficacy remains limited. Both BHM and MT have been studied separately to evaluate their respective effectiveness. However, no study has been found comparing the two protocols exclusively for hand motor recovery.

Conditions
Stroke
Being tested
Brunnstrom movement therapy., Mirror Therapy
Keywords
Brunnstorm movement therapy, Stroke, Hemiplegia, Mirror Therapy
Medical subject headings
Stroke, Hemiplegia

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Brunnstrom movement therapy.Other

    Group A: Will be treated with Brunnstrom movement therapy for three days in a week for four weeks (1 h) approximately 12 sessions to every subject.

    Subjects received Brunnstrom hand manipulation (BHM) and conventional occupational therapy for the upper extremity and lower extremities. The detailed BHM is applied on hand. The major goal of the BHM was the acquisition of mass grasp and mass release of objects. Once the goal was achieved, more prehensile activities were focused. Reflexive, passive, synergistic and active movements were used sequentially to enhance the hand recovery.

  • Mirror TherapyOther

    Group B: Will be treated with Mirror therapy 45 minutes, for three days in a week for four weeks approximately 12 sessions to every subjects.

    First 30 minutes therapy consists of conventional therapy as given conventional tasks only with the affected upper extremity. 15 minutes were continued with mirror. Mirror is placed in front of the midline of the patient so that the affected limb is fully covered by the mirror and the reflection of the unaffected limb is fully visible. The affected limb positioned in a safe and comfortable position behind the mirror. The non-affected limb should be positioned in a similar position as the affected limb, as this facilitates the intensity of the mirror illusion. Patients in the experimental group received 45 minutes of consecutive session.

Study groups in NCT05392543
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Group AExperimentalBrunnstrom movement therapy
Receives: Other: Brunnstrom movement therapy.
Group BExperimentalMirror therapy
Receives: Other: Mirror Therapy

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Fugl-Meyer assessment

    wrist and hand (FMA-WH) subtest (item VII, VIII and IX), used as, item VII measures the wrist control; VIII measures the hand motor recovery (mass finger flexion, extension and grasp) and IX measures coordination of the movements.

    Measured: 4th week

  2. Brunnstrom Hand Manipulation (BRS-H)

    Brunnstrom Hand Manipulation (BRS-H) was used to determine motor recovery level of post-stroke patients. It consists of 6 hand stages.

    Measured: 4th Week

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted26 May 2022
  2. Study start30 May 2022
  3. Primary completion30 Dec 2022
  4. Study completion30 Jan 2023

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
Single blind
Who is masked
Outcomes assessor
Enrolment
26 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT05392543
Sponsor's protocol ID
REC/RCR &AHS/22/0205
Status last verified
Apr 2023
First submitted
23 May 2022
Last updated
19 Apr 2023
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No

Publications

  • Farooq A, Venketasubramanian N, Wasay M. Stroke Care in Pakistan. Cerebrovasc Dis Extra. 2021;11(3):118-121. doi: 10.1159/000519554. Epub 2021 Oct 25.

    PubMed 34695824

  • Dzhalagoniya I, Biryukova E, Bushkova Y, Kurganskaia M, Bobrov P, Frolov A. Biomechanical assessment of Fugl-Meyer score: the case of one post stroke patient who has undergone the rehabilitation using hand exoskeleton controlled by brain-computer interface. Int J Phys Med Rehabil. 2018;6(468):10.4172

  • Pathan UHA, Thayyil AR, Juturu T, Kamath S, Pathan UHA. Pathophysiology, complications and management of stroke

  • Pandian S, Arya KN, Davidson EWR. Comparison of Brunnstrom movement therapy and Motor Relearning Program in rehabilitation of post-stroke hemiparetic hand: a randomized trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2012 Jul;16(3):330-337. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2011.11.002. Epub 2011 Dec 6.

    PubMed 22703742

  • Chinnavan E, Ragupathy R, Wah YC. Effectiveness of mirror therapy on upper limb motor functions among hemiplegic patients. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science. 2020;19(2): 208-13.

  • Geller D, Nilsen DM, Quinn L, Van Lew S, Bayona C, Gillen G. Home mirror therapy: a randomized controlled pilot study comparing unimanual and bimanual mirror therapy for improved arm and hand function post-stroke. Disabil Rehabil. 2022 Nov;44(22):6766-6774. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2021.1973121. Epub 2021 Sep 19.

    PubMed 34538193

  • Shahmoradi L, Almasi S, Ahmadi H, Bashiri A, Azadi T, Mirbagherie A, Ansari NN, Honarpishe R. Virtual reality games for rehabilitation of upper extremities in stroke patients. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2021 Apr;26:113-122. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2020.10.006. Epub 2020 Oct 11.

    PubMed 33992230

  • Sharma N, Kumar N, Uniyal K. Intermittent Pneumatic Compression and Mirror Therapy Improve Hand Functions after Stroke. Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy Journal. 2018;11(4):141-53

  • Özkeskin M, Öztürk V, Çakmur R, Bilge K, Küçük F. The Effects of Navigated Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Simulation and Brunnstrom Movement Therapy on Upper Extremity Proprioceptive Sense and Spasticity in Stroke Patients: A Double-Blind Randomized Trial. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences. 2017;1(2):29-35. .

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Brunnstrom movement therapy. and Mirror Therapy in people with Stroke, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 19 Apr 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Fugl-Meyer assessment (time frame: 4th week). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05392543, which also lists 9 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 19 Apr 2023; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 30 Oct 2026.

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