Message Exposure (Sequence: Regular Then Flavor)NCT05447325
Neuroimaging Approaches to Improve Prediction of Smoking Initiation and Nicotine Escalation in Young Adult ENDS Users
A study testing Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (generic themes then flavor-specific themes), Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (flavor-specific themes then generic themes) and Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (no message exposure) in people with Message Exposure (Sequence: Regular Then Flavor) and Message Exposure (Sequence: Flavor Then Regular), run by University of Georgia at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
180 young adult vapers who are not current smokers will participate in a baseline functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment, prospectively linked to a 1-year randomized controlled trial. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 29 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Message Exposure (Sequence: Regular Then Flavor), Message Exposure (Sequence: Flavor Then Regular), No Message Exposure (Control Condition)
- What is being tested?
- Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (generic themes then flavor-specific themes), Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (flavor-specific themes then generic themes) and Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (no message exposure)
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 180 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 15 Jul 2022to 31 Jul 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 29 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- used e-cigarettes or other vaping devices at least 3 days during the past 30 days
- did not smoke a cigarette, even one or two puffs, during the past 30 days
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compatible and safe
Who cannot join
- used e-cigarettes or other vaping devices for less than 3 days during the past 30 days
- any use of cigarettes during the past 30 days
- history of a major neurological, psychiatric, or medical disorder
- MRI contraindications
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
United States1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
UGA Bio-imaging Research Center
Athens, Georgia, 30602
Kim Mason, kmason@uga.edu
About this study
Official title: Neuroimaging Approaches to Improve Prediction of Smoking Initiation and Nicotine Use Escalation Among Young Adult Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Users
180 young adult vapers who are not current smokers will participate in a baseline functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment, prospectively linked to a 1-year randomized controlled trial. Baseline fMRI tasks will probe critical neurocognitive markers with high potential to account for individual differences in nicotine use prognosis and responsiveness to anti-vaping public service announcements (PSAs). Participants will be assigned randomly to a survey-only control condition, or one of two intervention orders, Regular PSA then Flavor PSA, and Flavor PSA then Regular PSA (n=60 each) in a 1-year counterbalanced crossover design. Every week intervention groups will receive anti-vaping PSAs either do not specifically address harms associated with vaping flavors (regular PSAs) or PSAs with a theme focusing on the harms of flavored vape products (flavor PSAs). Participants of the intervention groups will switch PSA exposure condition after 6 months. Their evaluations of the PSAs will be assessed with brief weekly online surveys. The links to the weekly online surveys will be sent via e-mail and text which allow them to access the surveys using any device with an internet browser. During the survey, the PSA of that week will first be displayed to PSA groups (n=120), followed by a query to provide message evaluation. Afterward, the survey questions will also assess their e-cigarette, cigarette, other tobacco use, and nicotine dependence, during the past week. The control group (n=60) will complete the surveys without viewing PSAs. In-person assessments at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months will biochemically confirm nicotine exposure.
Read the detailed description
180 young adult current vapers will be recruited from multiple sources including the University of Georgia (UGA) student research pools from the Communication, Psychology, and Sociology Departments, posters, yard signs, local community liaisons, and via Craigslist and social media ads. The screening will begin with a brief online survey. The link to the survey will be included in the research pool websites, flyers, and social media ads. Those eligible after the screening will be invited to interview via Zoom for a more detailed assessment of eligibility. Eligible participants will be sent a pre-scan survey (about 0.5 hours) 24 hours prior to the in-person lab visit. They will then be invited to a 1.5-hour visit to UGA's Bioimaging Research Center (BIRC) and instructed to vape, or not, as usual that day. Upon arrival, participants' eligibility will be confirmed, and written informed consent will be obtained. Breath and urine samples will be collected to biochemically confirm the level of nicotine exposure (i.e., tobacco use severity), followed by the remaining pre-scan measures. Participants will then be trained to perform the fMRI tasks. During fMRI, they will wear earplugs and MR-compatible vision correction, if needed, and lie on the scanner table. Stimuli will be back-projected, and responses collected using a four-button response box configured to allow on-screen Likert scale ratings of 1-7, both via Eprime 3.0 software. MRI will last approximately 60min, followed by post-scan measures (about 0.5 hours).
After the baseline fMRI scan, investigators will deliver static, visual, and textual anti-vaping public service announcements (PSAs) and assess participants' evaluations of the PSAs weekly through brief online surveys via e-mails and text messages. In the two PSA conditions, every week participants will receive an email and a text message through which a static visual anti-vaping PSA will be displayed to them before a query to evaluate the perceived effectiveness of the PSAs, followed by questions about their tobacco use status during the past week. Half of the PSA condition participants (n=60) will be exposed to regular PSAs that focus generally on the negative consequences of vaping, and the other half (n=60) will be exposed to flavor PSAs, which focus specifically on the harms and negative consequences associated with vaping flavored e-cigarettes. Flavor PSAs will be both drawn from existing regular PSAs and created by adding a flavor theme on regular PSAs because existing flavor PSAs are still rare. PSA condition participants will switch types of PSA exposure after 6 months. Each week a different PSA will be displayed to the participants. Therefore, half of the PSA condition participants will be exposed to 24 regular PSAs during the first 6 months, and then to 24 flavor PSAs during the second 6 months. For the other half of the PSA condition participants, they will also be displayed the same 48 PSAs, but in the reverse sequence, i.e., 24 flavor PSAs first, then 24 regular PSAs next. Participants in the control condition (n=60) will directly answer the survey questions about their tobacco use status during the past week without PSA exposure and evaluation.
At 3-, 6-, 9- and 12-months participants will complete a 15-min visit that includes a CO confirmation for smoking, a urinary cotinine test for nicotine use, and other in-person follow-up measures.
- Conditions
- Message Exposure (Sequence: Regular Then Flavor), Message Exposure (Sequence: Flavor Then Regular), No Message Exposure (Control Condition)
- Being tested
- Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (generic themes then flavor-specific themes), Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (flavor-specific themes then generic themes), Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (no message exposure)
- Keywords
- health message intervention, randomized controlled trial
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (generic themes then flavor-specific themes)Behavioural
Messages are in the format of public service announcement (PSA) images that contain both textual (1-2 brief sentences) and illustrative visual components. The messages are designed to educate the participants about the harms and costs associated with e-cigarette use (e.g., negative health consequences, undesirable social perceptions, etc.). Half of the messages focus specifically on the harms and costs associated with using flavored vape products, while the other half address vaping harms broadly (i.e., not specifically focus on those related to flavored vaping). Participants in this arm will receive anti-vaping messages through emails and text messages every week. Specifically, over the course of a year, during the first six months, they will receive generic/regular PSAs that address vaping harms more broadly; during the second six months, they will receive flavor-specific PSAs that address vaping harms specifically associated with the use of flavored vape products.
Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (flavor-specific themes then generic themes)Behavioural
Messages are in the format of public service announcement (PSA) images that contain both textual (1-2 brief sentences) and illustrative visual components. The messages are designed to educate the participants about the harms and costs associated with e-cigarette use (e.g., negative health consequences, undesirable social perceptions, etc.). Half of the messages focus specifically on the harms and costs associated with using flavored vape products, while the other half address vaping harms broadly (i.e., not specifically focus on those related to flavored vaping). Participants in this arm will receive anti-vaping messages through emails and text messages every week. Specifically, over the course of a year, during the first six months, they will receive flavor-specific PSAs that address vaping harms specifically associated with the use of flavored vape products; during the second six months, they will receive generic/regular PSAs that address vaping harms more broadly.
Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (no message exposure)Behavioural
Participants will not receive any message intervention in this arm.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Message exposure (sequence: regular PSAs then flavor PSAs) | Experimental | Participants randomly assigned to this arm will receive weekly emails and text messages of regular PSAs (i.e., focused in general on the negative consequences of vaping) for the first 6 months of the study, and will then receive weekly emails and text messages of flavor PSAs (i.e., focused specifically on harms and negative consequences associated with vaping flavored e-cigarette products) for the second 6 months of the study. Receives: Behavioral: Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (generic themes then flavor-specific themes) |
| Message exposure (sequence: flavor PSAs then regular PSAs) | Experimental | Participants randomly assigned to this arm will receive weekly emails and text messages of flavor PSAs (i.e., focused specifically on harms and negative consequences associated with vaping flavored e-cigarette products) for the first 6 months of the study, and will then receive weekly emails and text messages of regular PSAs (i.e., focused in general on the negative consequences of vaping) for the second 6 months of the study. Receives: Behavioral: Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (flavor-specific themes then generic themes) |
| No message exposure (control condition) | Experimental | Participants will not be receiving any PSA exposure over the 12 months. Receives: Behavioral: Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (no message exposure) |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Self-report monthly smoking severity
The monthly number of cigarettes smoked will be assessed with the timeline follow-back measures. Specifically, participants will be asked to retrospectively estimate their daily cigarette use for the 7 days prior to the weekly survey date. The four weekly estimates will be averaged to create the monthly smoking severity measure. The greater the number, the higher the smoking severity in that month.
Measured: 12 months
Self-report monthly vaping severity
The monthly number of vaping sessions (a vaping session refers to a minimum of about 15 puffs or vaping that lasts around 10 minutes) will be assessed with the timeline follow-back measures. Specifically, participants will be asked to retrospectively estimate their daily vaping sessions for the 7 days prior to the weekly survey date. The four weekly estimates will be averaged to create the monthly vaping severity measure. The greater the number, the higher the vaping severity in that month.
Measured: 12 months
Exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) levels
Quarterly assessed exhaled CO levels quantified by parts per million (PPM)
Measured: 12 months
Urine cotinine levels
Quarterly assessed urine cotinine levels (none, low, medium, high)
Measured: 12 months
Secondary outcomes (7)
Self-report monthly other tobacco use severity
Frequency of other tobacco use will be assessed by the timeline follow-back measures. Specifically, participants will be asked to retrospectively estimate their daily use of other tobacco for the 7 days prior to the weekly survey date. The four weekly estimates will be averaged to create the monthly other tobacco use severity measure. The greater the number, the higher the other tobacco use severity in that month.
Measured: 12 months
Cigarette smoking urge
Levels of cigarette smoking will be assessed with the Brief Questionnaire of Smoking Urges (10 items;1= strongly disagree, 7= strongly agree, with higher scores indicating greater smoking urge). Example item: "I have a desire for a cigarette right now".
Measured: 12 months
Electronic cigarette dependence
Levels of nicotine dependence associated with vaping will be assessed with the Penn State Electronic Cigarette Dependence Index (which consists a total of 9 questions, some multiple-choice questions, and some Yes/No questions; Higher scores indicate greater e-cigarette dependence).
Measured: 12 months
Message effectiveness perceptions
The perceived message effectiveness of the anti-vaping PSAs will be evaluated using the Perceived Message Effectiveness scale, which is consisted of four items (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree). Example items included "This message was convincing" and "Reading this message helped me feel confident about how to best deal with vaping."
Measured: 12 months
Vaping intention
Vaping intention will be assessed through three self-reported items (1=very unlikely, 5=very likely). Example item: "I plan to vape or use e-cigarettes, even one or two puffs, in the next 6 months".
Measured: 12 months
Smoking intention
Smoking intention will be assessed through three self-reported items (1=very unlikely, 5=very likely). Example item: "I plan to smoke cigarettes, even one or two puffs, in the next 6 months".
Measured: 12 months
Self-report monthly other substance use severity
The frequency of other substance use will be assessed by the timeline follow-back measures. Specifically, participants will be asked to retrospectively estimate their daily use of other substances (including alcohol, marijuana, and other licit or illicit drug use) for the 7 days prior to the weekly survey date. The four weekly estimates will be averaged to create the monthly other substance use severity measure. The greater the number, the higher the other substance use severity in that month.
Measured: 12 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted7 Jul 2022
- Study start15 Jul 2022
- Primary completion31 Jul 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion31 Jul 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Message Exposure (Sequence: Regular Then Flavor)Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Model description
- In the PSA exposure conditions, half of the participants will receive regular PSA exposure during the first 6 months and then switch to receiving flavor PSA exposure during the second 6 months; the other half will first receive flavor PSAs, and then the regular PSAs.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 180 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Georgia
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Jiaying Liu, University of Georgia
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05447325
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- PROJECT00003494
- Status last verified
- Mar 2026
- First submitted
- 1 May 2022
- Last updated
- 3 Apr 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: The proposed research is under the 500k threshold for required resource sharing. The PI and research team are committed to resource sharing; however, in the context of the proposed study, no plans are in place to make data available outside of the research team.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 3 Apr 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Neuroimaging Approaches to Improve Prediction of Smoking Initiation and Nicotine Use Escalation Among Young Adult Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Users
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05447325
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- PROJECT00003494
- Conditions
- Message Exposure (Sequence: Regular Then Flavor), Message Exposure (Sequence: Flavor Then Regular), No Message Exposure (Control Condition)
- Keywords
- health message intervention, randomized controlled trial
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 180 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- University of GeorgiaUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 15 Jul 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Jul 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 31 Jul 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 7 Jul 2022 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
180 young adult vapers who are not current smokers will participate in a baseline functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment, prospectively linked to a 1-year randomized controlled trial. Baseline fMRI tasks will probe critical neurocognitive markers with high potential to account for individual differences in nicotine use prognosis and responsiveness to anti-vaping public service announcements (PSAs). Participants will be assigned randomly to a survey-only control condition, or one of two intervention orders, Regular PSA then Flavor PSA, and Flavor PSA then Regular PSA (n=60 each) in a 1-year counterbalanced crossover design. Every week intervention groups will receive anti-vaping PSAs either do not specifically address harms associated with vaping flavors (regular PSAs) or PSAs with a theme focusing on the harms of flavored vape products (flavor PSAs). Participants of the intervention groups will switch PSA exposure condition after 6 months. Their evaluations of the PSAs will be assessed with brief weekly online surveys. The links to the weekly online surveys will be sent via e-mail and text which allow them to access the surveys using any device with an internet browser. During the survey, the PSA of that week will first be displayed to PSA groups (n=120), followed by a query to provide message evaluation. Afterward, the survey questions will also assess their e-cigarette, cigarette, other tobacco use, and nicotine dependence, during the past week. The control group (n=60) will complete the surveys without viewing PSAs. In-person assessments at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months will biochemically confirm nicotine exposure.
Detailed description
180 young adult current vapers will be recruited from multiple sources including the University of Georgia (UGA) student research pools from the Communication, Psychology, and Sociology Departments, posters, yard signs, local community liaisons, and via Craigslist and social media ads. The screening will begin with a brief online survey. The link to the survey will be included in the research pool websites, flyers, and social media ads. Those eligible after the screening will be invited to interview via Zoom for a more detailed assessment of eligibility. Eligible participants will be sent a pre-scan survey (about 0.5 hours) 24 hours prior to the in-person lab visit. They will then be invited to a 1.5-hour visit to UGA's Bioimaging Research Center (BIRC) and instructed to vape, or not, as usual that day. Upon arrival, participants' eligibility will be confirmed, and written informed consent will be obtained. Breath and urine samples will be collected to biochemically confirm the level of nicotine exposure (i.e., tobacco use severity), followed by the remaining pre-scan measures. Participants will then be trained to perform the fMRI tasks. During fMRI, they will wear earplugs and MR-compatible vision correction, if needed, and lie on the scanner table. Stimuli will be back-projected, and responses collected using a four-button response box configured to allow on-screen Likert scale ratings of 1-7, both via Eprime 3.0 software. MRI will last approximately 60min, followed by post-scan measures (about 0.5 hours).
After the baseline fMRI scan, investigators will deliver static, visual, and textual anti-vaping public service announcements (PSAs) and assess participants' evaluations of the PSAs weekly through brief online surveys via e-mails and text messages. In the two PSA conditions, every week participants will receive an email and a text message through which a static visual anti-vaping PSA will be displayed to them before a query to evaluate the perceived effectiveness of the PSAs, followed by questions about their tobacco use status during the past week. Half of the PSA condition participants (n=60) will be exposed to regular PSAs that focus generally on the negative consequences of vaping, and the other half (n=60) will be exposed to flavor PSAs, which focus specifically on the harms and negative consequences associated with vaping flavored e-cigarettes. Flavor PSAs will be both drawn from existing regular PSAs and created by adding a flavor theme on regular PSAs because existing flavor PSAs are still rare. PSA condition participants will switch types of PSA exposure after 6 months. Each week a different PSA will be displayed to the participants. Therefore, half of the PSA condition participants will be exposed to 24 regular PSAs during the first 6 months, and then to 24 flavor PSAs during the second 6 months. For the other half of the PSA condition participants, they will also be displayed the same 48 PSAs, but in the reverse sequence, i.e., 24 flavor PSAs first, then 24 regular PSAs next. Participants in the control condition (n=60) will directly answer the survey questions about their tobacco use status during the past week without PSA exposure and evaluation.
At 3-, 6-, 9- and 12-months participants will complete a 15-min visit that includes a CO confirmation for smoking, a urinary cotinine test for nicotine use, and other in-person follow-up measures.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 3
- Model description
- In the PSA exposure conditions, half of the participants will receive regular PSA exposure during the first 6 months and then switch to receiving flavor PSA exposure during the second 6 months; the other half will first receive flavor PSAs, and then the regular PSAs.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Message exposure (sequence: regular PSAs then flavor PSAs) | Experimental | Behavioral: Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (generic themes then flavor-specific themes)Participants randomly assigned to this arm will receive weekly emails and text messages of regular PSAs (i.e., focused in general on the negative consequences of vaping) for the first 6 months of the study, and will then receive weekly emails and text messages of flavor PSAs (i.e., focused specifically on harms and negative consequences associated with vaping flavored e-cigarette products) for the second 6 months of the study. |
| Message exposure (sequence: flavor PSAs then regular PSAs) | Experimental | Behavioral: Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (flavor-specific themes then generic themes)Participants randomly assigned to this arm will receive weekly emails and text messages of flavor PSAs (i.e., focused specifically on harms and negative consequences associated with vaping flavored e-cigarette products) for the first 6 months of the study, and will then receive weekly emails and text messages of regular PSAs (i.e., focused in general on the negative consequences of vaping) for the second 6 months of the study. |
| No message exposure (control condition) | Experimental | Behavioral: Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (no message exposure)Participants will not be receiving any PSA exposure over the 12 months. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 29 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- used e-cigarettes or other vaping devices at least 3 days during the past 30 days
- did not smoke a cigarette, even one or two puffs, during the past 30 days
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compatible and safe
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- used e-cigarettes or other vaping devices for less than 3 days during the past 30 days
- any use of cigarettes during the past 30 days
- history of a major neurological, psychiatric, or medical disorder
- MRI contraindications
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (generic themes then flavor-specific themes)Messages are in the format of public service announcement (PSA) images that contain both textual (1-2 brief sentences) and illustrative visual components. The messages are designed to educate the participants about the harms and costs associated with e-cigarette use (e.g., negative health consequences, undesirable social perceptions, etc.). Half of the messages focus specifically on the harms and costs associated with using flavored vape products, while the other half address vaping harms broadly (i.e., not specifically focus on those related to flavored vaping). Participants in this arm will receive anti-vaping messages through emails and text messages every week. Specifically, over the course of a year, during the first six months, they will receive generic/regular PSAs that address vaping harms more broadly; during the second six months, they will receive flavor-specific PSAs that address vaping harms specifically associated with the use of flavored vape products. | Behavioural | Message exposure (sequence: regular PSAs then flavor PSAs) |
| Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (flavor-specific themes then generic themes)Messages are in the format of public service announcement (PSA) images that contain both textual (1-2 brief sentences) and illustrative visual components. The messages are designed to educate the participants about the harms and costs associated with e-cigarette use (e.g., negative health consequences, undesirable social perceptions, etc.). Half of the messages focus specifically on the harms and costs associated with using flavored vape products, while the other half address vaping harms broadly (i.e., not specifically focus on those related to flavored vaping). Participants in this arm will receive anti-vaping messages through emails and text messages every week. Specifically, over the course of a year, during the first six months, they will receive flavor-specific PSAs that address vaping harms specifically associated with the use of flavored vape products; during the second six months, they will receive generic/regular PSAs that address vaping harms more broadly. | Behavioural | Message exposure (sequence: flavor PSAs then regular PSAs) |
| Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (no message exposure)Participants will not receive any message intervention in this arm. | Behavioural | No message exposure (control condition) |
Primary outcome
Self-report monthly smoking severity
Time frame: 12 months
The monthly number of cigarettes smoked will be assessed with the timeline follow-back measures. Specifically, participants will be asked to retrospectively estimate their daily cigarette use for the 7 days prior to the weekly survey date. The four weekly estimates will be averaged to create the monthly smoking severity measure. The greater the number, the higher the smoking severity in that month.
Self-report monthly vaping severity
Time frame: 12 months
The monthly number of vaping sessions (a vaping session refers to a minimum of about 15 puffs or vaping that lasts around 10 minutes) will be assessed with the timeline follow-back measures. Specifically, participants will be asked to retrospectively estimate their daily vaping sessions for the 7 days prior to the weekly survey date. The four weekly estimates will be averaged to create the monthly vaping severity measure. The greater the number, the higher the vaping severity in that month.
Exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) levels
Time frame: 12 months
Quarterly assessed exhaled CO levels quantified by parts per million (PPM)
Urine cotinine levels
Time frame: 12 months
Quarterly assessed urine cotinine levels (none, low, medium, high)
7 secondary outcomes
Self-report monthly other tobacco use severity
Time frame: 12 months
Cigarette smoking urge
Time frame: 12 months
Electronic cigarette dependence
Time frame: 12 months
Message effectiveness perceptions
Time frame: 12 months
Vaping intention
Time frame: 12 months
Smoking intention
Time frame: 12 months
Self-report monthly other substance use severity
Time frame: 12 months
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 3 Apr 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. The proposed research is under the 500k threshold for required resource sharing. The PI and research team are committed to resource sharing; however, in the context of the proposed study, no plans are in place to make data available outside of the research team.
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (generic themes then flavor-specific themes), Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (flavor-specific themes then generic themes) and Exposure to Anti-Vaping Messages (no message exposure) in people with Message Exposure (Sequence: Regular Then Flavor) and Message Exposure (Sequence: Flavor Then Regular), run by University of Georgia at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 3 Apr 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Jiaying Liu, PhD (949-241-0652, jiaying.liu@uga.edu), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Self-report monthly smoking severity (time frame: 12 months). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 3 Apr 2026.