Esophageal DiseasesNCT05469152
Detachable String Magnetically Controlled Capsule Endoscopy for Follow-up of Patients With Esophageal Diseases
A study testing ds-MCE and EGD in people with Esophageal Diseases, run by Changhai Hospital at 7 sites in China.
Trial summary
The purpose of the study is to determine the accuracy of detachable string magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy(DS-MCE) as a follow-up method for patients with previous esophageal diseases. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 75 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Esophageal Diseases
- What is being tested?
- ds-MCE and EGD
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine, Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 310 participants
- Where
- 7 sitesChina
- Study dates
- 15 Jul 2019to 15 Sep 2022
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 75 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Gender is not limited.
- Patients aged between 18-75 years or older.
- Both inpatients and outpatients.
- Patients with previous esophageal diseases who are scheduled to undergo EGD for follow-up.
- Able to provide informed consent.
Who cannot join
- Patients aged less than 18 years.
- Patients with active upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
- Patients who have participated in or are participating in other clinical trials within three months.
- Patients with cancer on active treatment with chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy.
- Pregnancy or suspected pregnancy.
- Suspected or known intestinal stenosis or other known risk factors for capsule retention.
- Pacemaker or other implanted electromedical devices which could interfere with magnetic resonance.
- Patients with dysphagia.
Trial locations and contacts
7 sites in 1 country.
7 sites in 1 country
China7 sites, 7 recruiting
- Recruiting
Ruijin Hospital
Shanghai
Duowu Zou, zdw_pi@163.com
- Recruiting
Shanghai Changhai Hospital
Shanghai
Zhuan Liao
- Recruiting
Shanghai General Hospital
Shanghai
Xinjian Wan, slwanxj2019@163.com
- Recruiting
Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital
Shanghai
Jinshui Zhu
- Recruiting
Xuhui District Central Hospital
Shanghai
Yunshi Zhong
- Recruiting
Yangpu District Central Hospital
Shanghai
Li Li, 11i10437@sina.com
- Recruiting
Zhongshan Hospital
Shanghai
Pinghong Zhou
About this study
Official title: Accuracy of Detachable String Magnetically Controlled Capsule Endoscopy for Follow-up of Patients With Esophageal Diseases: A Multicenter Study
The purpose of the study is to determine the accuracy of detachable string magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy(DS-MCE) as a follow-up method for patients with previous esophageal diseases.
Read the detailed description
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is recognized as the gold standard for detection and follow-up of esophageal diseases,allowing for direct mucosal visualization and therapeutic intervention. EGD is however an invasive procedure and there is potential for procedure-related complications, such as perforation and bleeding.Esophageal capsule endoscopy(ECE)provides a novel noninvasive approach to visualize the esophagus.The main drawback for the use of ECE is its unreliable transit time which often renders an inadequate visualization of the esophagus.Thus investigators have developed the detachable string magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy(DS-MCE) which can control the movement of the capsule through the string.
The ds-MCE system consists of two parts: the magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy (MCE) system and a transparent latex sleeve with a hollow string. The magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy (MCE) system (Ankon Technologies, Shanghai, China) detects focal lesions in the stomach with comparable accuracy with conventional EGD. One end of the hollow string is a transparent thin latex sleeve that can be wrapped on the surface of the capsule, and the other end of the string is connected to the syringe. The capsule, which is partially enclosed within the sleeve, can be actively moved in the esophagus through the control of string. In this case, investigator can examine the entire esophageal mucosa several times under real time views. The capsule then could be detached from the string system through injecting air into the hollow string with the syringe after completing the examination of esophagus. The pilot study of ds-MCE confirmed it was a feasible, safe and well-tolerated method for completely viewing esophagus and stomach, without the need for sedation. Besides, the 8-10h battery life of the ds-MCE enables complete examination of the small bowel, which provides the possibility for screening pathological changes in the entire gastrointestinal tract.
This study is a prospective, multi-centered, diagnostic accuracy study. The primary outcome is the diagnostic accuracy of ds-MCE in identifying esophageal diseases. Second outcomes include the visualization and cleanliness of Z-line, safety and patient satisfaction of DS-MCE.
- Conditions
- Esophageal Diseases
- Being tested
- ds-MCE and EGD
- Keywords
- esophageal diseases, capsule endoscopy
- Medical subject headings
- Esophageal Diseases
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
ds-MCE and EGDDiagnostic test
Procedure of ds-MCE: The ds-MCE system mainly consists of two parts: the NaviCam magnetic capsule endoscopy guidance system and the detachable string part. The capsule, which is partially enclosed within the sleeve, can be actively moved in the esophagus through the control of string. Investigator can examine the entire esophagus several times under real time views. The capsule then could be detached from the string system through injecting air into the hollow string with the syringe after completing the examination of esophagus. Then, the examination of stomach under magnetic control and small bowel under the natural action of peristalsis follows.
Procedure of EGD: The EGD will be performed using conventional upper gastrointestinal video endoscopy, according to the standard procedure at individual centers. EGD will be performed within 48 hours after ds-MCE procedure and usually during the same endoscopic session.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| ds-MCE and EGD | Experimental | All the enrolled participants will undergo the examination of detachable string magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy (ds-MCE) first, followed by EGD within 48 hours. Receives: Diagnostic Test: ds-MCE and EGD |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
The diagnostic accuracy of the ds-MCE in identifying esophageal diseases in comparison to standardized EGD
To assess the diagnostic accuracy of the ds-MCE as a follow-up method for patients with previous esophageal diseases, using EGD as the gold standard.
Measured: 2 weeks
Secondary outcomes (4)
Number of quadrants visualized at Z-line by ds-MCE
To assess the visualization of Z-line. Circumferential visualization of the Z line by ds-MCE was defined by quadrants as follows: Z line not observed at all; less than 2 quadrants (< 50 %) of the Z line observed; between 2 quadrants and 3 quadrants (50 % - 75%) observed; more than 3 quadrants (> 75%) observed; and entire Z line (100 %) observed.
Measured: 2 weeks
Scores of cleanliness of Z-line area
The effect of bubbles/saliva on the appearance of the Z line area was scored as follows: 0 = no interference by bubbles/saliva on the Z line area; 1 = minor interference of bubbles/saliva on the Z line area; 2 = major interference of bubbles/saliva on the Z line area.
Measured: 2 weeks
Number of ds-MCE associated adverse events
To assess the safety of ds-MCE.
Measured: 2 weeks
The patient satisfaction of the ds-MCE through questionnaires
To assess the patient satisfaction of the ds-MCE compared to standard EGD.
Measured: 2 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted21 Jul 2022
- Study start15 Jul 2019
- Primary completion15 Sep 2022 (estimated)
- Study completion15 Sep 2022 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (8)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Esophageal DiseasesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Changhai HospitalThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Diagnosis
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 310 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Changhai Hospital
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital, XuHui District Central Hospital, Yangpu District Central Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 6th People's Hospital
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Zhuan Liao, Changhai Hospital
- Investigators
- Zhuan Liao, Principal investigator, Changhai Hospital
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05469152
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- DS-MCE-esophagus
- Status last verified
- Jul 2022
- First submitted
- 11 Jul 2022
- Last updated
- 21 Jul 2022
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: After finishing this study, we will make the data available to other researchers: including study protocol, statistical analysis plan (SAP), informed consent form (ICF), clinical study report (CSR)
Publications
Chen YZ, Pan J, Luo YY, Jiang X, Zou WB, Qian YY, Zhou W, Liu X, Li ZS, Liao Z. Detachable string magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy for complete viewing of the esophagus and stomach. Endoscopy. 2019 Apr;51(4):360-364. doi: 10.1055/a-0856-6845. Epub 2019 Mar 1.
PubMed 30822803de Franchis R, Eisen GM, Laine L, Fernandez-Urien I, Herrerias JM, Brown RD, Fisher L, Vargas HE, Vargo J, Thompson J, Eliakim R. Esophageal capsule endoscopy for screening and surveillance of esophageal varices in patients with portal hypertension. Hepatology. 2008 May;47(5):1595-603. doi: 10.1002/hep.22227.
PubMed 18435461Chen WS, Zhu LH, Li DZ, Chen L, Wu YL, Wang W. String esophageal capsule endoscopy with real-time viewing improves visualization of the distal esophageal Z-line: a prospective, comparative study. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014 Mar;26(3):309-12. doi: 10.1097/MEG.0000000000000038.
PubMed 24429971de Franchis R. Updating consensus in portal hypertension: report of the Baveno III Consensus Workshop on definitions, methodology and therapeutic strategies in portal hypertension. J Hepatol. 2000 Nov;33(5):846-52. doi: 10.1016/s0168-8278(00)80320-7. No abstract available.
PubMed 11097497Zou WB, Hou XH, Xin L, Liu J, Bo LM, Yu GY, Liao Z, Li ZS. Magnetic-controlled capsule endoscopy vs. gastroscopy for gastric diseases: a two-center self-controlled comparative trial. Endoscopy. 2015 Jun;47(6):525-8. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1391123. Epub 2015 Jan 15.
PubMed 25590177Liao Z, Hou X, Lin-Hu EQ, Sheng JQ, Ge ZZ, Jiang B, Hou XH, Liu JY, Li Z, Huang QY, Zhao XJ, Li N, Gao YJ, Zhang Y, Zhou JQ, Wang XY, Liu J, Xie XP, Yang CM, Liu HL, Sun XT, Zou WB, Li ZS. Accuracy of Magnetically Controlled Capsule Endoscopy, Compared With Conventional Gastroscopy, in Detection of Gastric Diseases. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016 Sep;14(9):1266-1273.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2016.05.013. Epub 2016 May 20.
PubMed 27211503Liao Z, Gao R, Xu C, Xu DF, Li ZS. Sleeve string capsule endoscopy for real-time viewing of the esophagus: a pilot study (with video). Gastrointest Endosc. 2009 Aug;70(2):201-9. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2008.10.043. Epub 2009 Mar 14.
PubMed 19286182Hosoe N, Naganuma M, Ogata H. Current status of capsule endoscopy through a whole digestive tract. Dig Endosc. 2015 Jan;27(2):205-15. doi: 10.1111/den.12380. Epub 2014 Oct 20.
PubMed 25208463
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 21 Jul 2022. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Accuracy of Detachable String Magnetically Controlled Capsule Endoscopy for Follow-up of Patients With Esophageal Diseases: A Multicenter Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05469152
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- DS-MCE-esophagus
- Conditions
- Esophageal Diseases
- Keywords
- esophageal diseases, capsule endoscopy
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 310 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Changhai HospitalUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital, XuHui District Central Hospital, Yangpu District Central Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 6th People's Hospital
- Study start
- 15 Jul 2019 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Sep 2022 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 15 Sep 2022 (estimated)
- First posted
- 21 Jul 2022 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purpose of the study is to determine the accuracy of detachable string magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy(DS-MCE) as a follow-up method for patients with previous esophageal diseases.
Detailed description
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is recognized as the gold standard for detection and follow-up of esophageal diseases,allowing for direct mucosal visualization and therapeutic intervention. EGD is however an invasive procedure and there is potential for procedure-related complications, such as perforation and bleeding.Esophageal capsule endoscopy(ECE)provides a novel noninvasive approach to visualize the esophagus.The main drawback for the use of ECE is its unreliable transit time which often renders an inadequate visualization of the esophagus.Thus investigators have developed the detachable string magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy(DS-MCE) which can control the movement of the capsule through the string.
The ds-MCE system consists of two parts: the magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy (MCE) system and a transparent latex sleeve with a hollow string. The magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy (MCE) system (Ankon Technologies, Shanghai, China) detects focal lesions in the stomach with comparable accuracy with conventional EGD. One end of the hollow string is a transparent thin latex sleeve that can be wrapped on the surface of the capsule, and the other end of the string is connected to the syringe. The capsule, which is partially enclosed within the sleeve, can be actively moved in the esophagus through the control of string. In this case, investigator can examine the entire esophageal mucosa several times under real time views. The capsule then could be detached from the string system through injecting air into the hollow string with the syringe after completing the examination of esophagus. The pilot study of ds-MCE confirmed it was a feasible, safe and well-tolerated method for completely viewing esophagus and stomach, without the need for sedation. Besides, the 8-10h battery life of the ds-MCE enables complete examination of the small bowel, which provides the possibility for screening pathological changes in the entire gastrointestinal tract.
This study is a prospective, multi-centered, diagnostic accuracy study. The primary outcome is the diagnostic accuracy of ds-MCE in identifying esophageal diseases. Second outcomes include the visualization and cleanliness of Z-line, safety and patient satisfaction of DS-MCE.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Diagnosis
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| ds-MCE and EGD | Experimental | Diagnostic Test: ds-MCE and EGDAll the enrolled participants will undergo the examination of detachable string magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy (ds-MCE) first, followed by EGD within 48 hours. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 75 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Gender is not limited.
- Patients aged between 18-75 years or older.
- Both inpatients and outpatients.
- Patients with previous esophageal diseases who are scheduled to undergo EGD for follow-up.
- Able to provide informed consent.
Key exclusion criteria (8 listed)
- Patients aged less than 18 years.
- Patients with active upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
- Patients who have participated in or are participating in other clinical trials within three months.
- Patients with cancer on active treatment with chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy.
- Pregnancy or suspected pregnancy.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| ds-MCE and EGDProcedure of ds-MCE: The ds-MCE system mainly consists of two parts: the NaviCam magnetic capsule endoscopy guidance system and the detachable string part. The capsule, which is partially enclosed within the sleeve, can be actively moved in the esophagus through the control of string. Investigator can examine the entire esophagus several times under real time views. The capsule then could be detached from the string system through injecting air into the hollow string with the syringe after completing the examination of esophagus. Then, the examination of stomach under magnetic control and small bowel under the natural action of peristalsis follows. Procedure of EGD: The EGD will be performed using conventional upper gastrointestinal video endoscopy, according to the standard procedure at individual centers. EGD will be performed within 48 hours after ds-MCE procedure and usually during the same endoscopic session. | Diagnostic test | ds-MCE and EGD |
Primary outcome
The diagnostic accuracy of the ds-MCE in identifying esophageal diseases in comparison to standardized EGD
Time frame: 2 weeks
To assess the diagnostic accuracy of the ds-MCE as a follow-up method for patients with previous esophageal diseases, using EGD as the gold standard.
4 secondary outcomes
Number of quadrants visualized at Z-line by ds-MCE
Time frame: 2 weeks
Scores of cleanliness of Z-line area
Time frame: 2 weeks
Number of ds-MCE associated adverse events
Time frame: 2 weeks
The patient satisfaction of the ds-MCE through questionnaires
Time frame: 2 weeks
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 21 Jul 2022.
- Background: PubMed 30822803Chen YZ, Pan J, Luo YY, Jiang X, Zou WB, Qian YY, Zhou W, Liu X, Li ZS, Liao Z. Detachable string magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy for complete viewing of the esophagus and stomach. Endoscopy. 2019 Apr;51(4):360-364. doi: 10.1055/a-0856-6845. Epub 2019 Mar 1.
- Background: PubMed 18435461de Franchis R, Eisen GM, Laine L, Fernandez-Urien I, Herrerias JM, Brown RD, Fisher L, Vargas HE, Vargo J, Thompson J, Eliakim R. Esophageal capsule endoscopy for screening and surveillance of esophageal varices in patients with portal hypertension. Hepatology. 2008 May;47(5):1595-603. doi: 10.1002/hep.22227.
- Background: PubMed 24429971Chen WS, Zhu LH, Li DZ, Chen L, Wu YL, Wang W. String esophageal capsule endoscopy with real-time viewing improves visualization of the distal esophageal Z-line: a prospective, comparative study. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014 Mar;26(3):309-12. doi: 10.1097/MEG.0000000000000038.
- Background: PubMed 11097497de Franchis R. Updating consensus in portal hypertension: report of the Baveno III Consensus Workshop on definitions, methodology and therapeutic strategies in portal hypertension. J Hepatol. 2000 Nov;33(5):846-52. doi: 10.1016/s0168-8278(00)80320-7. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 25590177Zou WB, Hou XH, Xin L, Liu J, Bo LM, Yu GY, Liao Z, Li ZS. Magnetic-controlled capsule endoscopy vs. gastroscopy for gastric diseases: a two-center self-controlled comparative trial. Endoscopy. 2015 Jun;47(6):525-8. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1391123. Epub 2015 Jan 15.
- Background: PubMed 27211503Liao Z, Hou X, Lin-Hu EQ, Sheng JQ, Ge ZZ, Jiang B, Hou XH, Liu JY, Li Z, Huang QY, Zhao XJ, Li N, Gao YJ, Zhang Y, Zhou JQ, Wang XY, Liu J, Xie XP, Yang CM, Liu HL, Sun XT, Zou WB, Li ZS. Accuracy of Magnetically Controlled Capsule Endoscopy, Compared With Conventional Gastroscopy, in Detection of Gastric Diseases. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016 Sep;14(9):1266-1273.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2016.05.013. Epub 2016 May 20.
- Background: PubMed 19286182Liao Z, Gao R, Xu C, Xu DF, Li ZS. Sleeve string capsule endoscopy for real-time viewing of the esophagus: a pilot study (with video). Gastrointest Endosc. 2009 Aug;70(2):201-9. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2008.10.043. Epub 2009 Mar 14.
- Background: PubMed 25208463Hosoe N, Naganuma M, Ogata H. Current status of capsule endoscopy through a whole digestive tract. Dig Endosc. 2015 Jan;27(2):205-15. doi: 10.1111/den.12380. Epub 2014 Oct 20.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. After finishing this study, we will make the data available to other researchers: including study protocol, statistical analysis plan (SAP), informed consent form (ICF), clinical study report (CSR)
Related trials for Esophageal Diseases
RecruitingPhase 1/2
A Study of Bispecific Antibody MCLA-158 in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors
Advanced/Metastatic Solid Tumors, Colorectal Cancer
Recruiting
The Effectiveness of Structured Swallowing Exercise Therapy in Patients With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: An Assessment of Swallowing Function and Quality of Life
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC)
Active, not recruiting
Clinical Application of an AI-based Dissection Trajectory Prediction System (ADTPS) in Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC), High-Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia
RecruitingPhase 1/2
CR-002 in Adult Participants With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors
Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) - Recurrent/Metastatic (R/M), Gastric/GEJ
RecruitingPhase 4
Intraoperative Imaging of Gastrointestinal Malignancies Using Pafolacianine (CYTALUX™)
Gastrointestinal Cancer, Gastric Cancer
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Zhuan Liao principal investigator
Changhai Hospital
7 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing ds-MCE and EGD in people with Esophageal Diseases, run by Changhai Hospital at 7 sites in China.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 8 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 21 Jul 2022. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 7 sites in China. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Zhuan Liao (86-21-31161004, liaozhuan@smmu.edu.cn), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
The diagnostic accuracy of the ds-MCE in identifying esophageal diseases in comparison to standardized EGD (time frame: 2 weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05469152, which also lists 8 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 21 Jul 2022.