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Physical InactivityNCT05470621

A Playground Training to Improve Children's Health After-school and During Recess: The PLAYground Project

A study testing PlayOn! playground curriculum in people with Physical Inactivity and Social Skills, run by Arizona State University at 1 site in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

Schools are critical settings to foster children's health. The purpose of this two-year cluster-randomized trial is to enhance both the after-school and recess settings to provide children with knowledge and skills to facilitate active and inclusive play. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 7 to 13 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
What is being tested?
PlayOn! playground curriculum
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
294 participants
Where
1 siteUnited States
Study dates
22 Aug 2022to 30 Dec 2023
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 7 to 13 years
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Child

Who may be able to join

  • Students enrolled an after-school program in Mesa Public Schools

Who cannot join

  • Students in grades kindergarten or first grade will be excluded due to their young age.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United States1 site
  • Mesa Public Schools

    Mesa, Arizona, 85201

Other trials in United States

About this study

Official title: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial of an After-school Playground Intervention to Improve Children's Physical, Social, and Emotional Health: The PLAYground Project

Schools are critical settings to foster children's health. The purpose of this two-year cluster-randomized trial is to enhance both the after-school and recess settings to provide children with knowledge and skills to facilitate active and inclusive play. The primary aim of the project is to assess the impact of a playground curriculum intervention on children's physical, social, emotional, and behavioral health. The secondary aim of the project to understand the appropriateness, feasibility, fidelity, and sustainability of implementing a playground curriculum in after-school and recess settings.

Read the detailed description

Physical, social, and emotional health are critical for children and predict good health later in life. Schools are essential settings to foster children's health as they provide access to the majority of children during crucial stages of development. In particular, recess and before/after school programming are critical sources of children's health and well-being, and core components of a whole school approach to health and wellness. The purpose of this two-year cluster-randomized trial is to enhance the quality of these existing settings through the integration of a playground curriculum designed to promote active and inclusive play.

Based on Social Cognitive Theory aligned with the Theory of Expanded, Extended, and Enhanced Opportunities, it is hypothesized that active and inclusive play through a playground curriculum intervention will improve enjoyment, knowledge, and self-efficacy (personal conditions), social and emotional learning (behavioral conditions), and the development of peer relationships (environmental conditions) among children, leading to increased physical activity and reduced behavioral incidents. The implementation (appropriateness, feasibility, fidelity, and sustainability) of the playground curriculum intervention to improve children's health will be assessed as a secondary outcome.

Participants will be recruited from elementary schools in Mesa Public Schools (Arizona) that offer after-school programming (N=14). The intervention includes the delivery of a curriculum aimed at providing students with knowledge and skills to initiate activities using playground structures. Trainings will be delivered to staff (after-school staff, recess aides, and Physical Education teachers) and students in the after-school setting. Students attending the after-school program will become Play Leaders to transfer the knowledge and skills they learn from PlayOn! to the recess setting.

The impact of the playground curriculum intervention on children's physical, social, emotional, and behavioral health after school and during recess will be measured using surveys, observations, interviews, physical activity devices, and de-identified school behavioral information. Data will be collected at all 14 school sites each fall and spring semester. In year one, seven schools will receive the intervention. Schools will be stratified to either the intervention or control group by Title 1 status - an indicator of school-level income. In year two, the seven control schools will receive the intervention to allow all schools the opportunity to benefit from the project.

Being tested
PlayOn! playground curriculum
Keywords
Physical Activity, Schools
Medical subject headings
Sedentary Behavior, Social Skills, Child Behavior, Motor Activity

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • PlayOn! playground curriculumBehavioural

    A staff and student training to implement a playground curriculum in after-school and recess settings

Study groups in NCT05470621
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Playground Curriculum ArmExperimentalStaff (after-school staff, recess aides, and physical education teachers) receive training to implement a playground curriculum in an after-school program; children receive a training to use the curriculum during recess
Receives: Behavioral: PlayOn! playground curriculum
Program As UsualNo interventionStaff and students receive no training and participate in after-school programs and recess as usual

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Mean change in accelerometer-derived physical activity from baseline to six months

    Accelerometer counts of sedentary, light-, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels will be segmented and processed separately to determine physical activity during recess, during school, during after-school programming, out of school, and on weekends.

    Measured: Baseline (month 0) and Post-intervention (approximately 6 months)

  2. Mean change in accelerometer-derived physical activity from baseline to 12 months

    Accelerometer counts of sedentary, light-, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels will be segmented and processed separately to determine physical activity during recess, during school, during after-school programming, out of school, and on weekends.

    Measured: Baseline (month 0) and Post-intervention (approximately 12 months)

  3. Mean change in accelerometer-derived physical activity from baseline to 18 months

    Accelerometer counts of sedentary, light-, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels will be segmented and processed separately to determine physical activity during recess, during school, during after-school programming, out of school, and on weekends.

    Measured: Baseline (month 0) and Post-intervention (approximately 18 months)

  4. Mean change in student-reported personal (emotional) health from baseline to 6 months

    Child-reported personal health (enjoyment, knowledge, and self-efficacy) will be collected through questionnaire with Discrete Emotions in Physical Education Scale (DEPES).

    Measured: Baseline (month 0) and Post-intervention (approximately 6 months)

  5. Mean change in student-reported personal (self-efficacy) health from baseline to 6 months

    Child-reported personal health (enjoyment, knowledge, and self-efficacy) will be collected through questionnaire with Metacognitive Process in Physical Education Questionnaire.

    Measured: Baseline (month 0) and Post-intervention (approximately 6 months)

  6. Mean change in student-reported personal (social) health from baseline to 6 months

    Child-reported personal health (enjoyment, knowledge, and self-efficacy) will be collected through questionnaire with Saunders psychosocial influences on physical activity scale.

    Measured: Baseline (month 0) and Post-intervention (approximately 6 months)

  7. Mean change in student-reported environmental health from baseline to 6 months

    Child-reported environmental health (peer relationships) will be collected through questionnaire with the ECLS-K peer relationship scale.

    Measured: Baseline (month 0) and Post-intervention (approximately 6 months)

  8. Mean change in student-reported behavioral health from baseline to 6 months

    Child-reported behavioral health (social and emotional learning) will be collected through questionnaire with the Social and Emotional Learning module of the California Healthy Kids Survey.

    Measured: Baseline (month 0) and Post-intervention (approximately 6 months)

  9. Mean change in student-reported personal (emotional) health from baseline to 12 months

    Child-reported personal health indicators (enjoyment, knowledge, and self-efficacy) will be collected through questionnaire with Discrete Emotions in Physical Education Scale (DEPES).

    Measured: Baseline (month 0) and Post-intervention (approximately 12 months)

  10. Mean change in student-reported personal (self-efficacy) health from baseline to 12 months

    Child-reported personal health indicators (enjoyment, knowledge, and self-efficacy) will be collected through questionnaire with Metacognitive Process in Physical Education Questionnaire.

    Measured: Baseline (month 0) and Post-intervention (approximately 12 months)

  11. Mean change in student-reported personal (social) health from baseline to 12 months

    Child-reported personal health indicators (enjoyment, knowledge, and self-efficacy) will be collected through questionnaire with Saunders psychosocial influences on physical activity scale.

    Measured: Baseline (month 0) and Post-intervention (approximately 12 months)

  12. Mean change in student-reported environmental health from baseline to 12 months

    Child-reported environmental health (peer relationships) will be collected through questionnaire with the ECLS-K peer relationship scale.

    Measured: Baseline (month 0) and Post-intervention (approximately 12 months)

  13. Mean change in student-reported behavioral health from baseline to 12 months

    Child-reported behavioral health (social and emotional learning) will be collected through questionnaire with the Social and Emotional Learning module of the California Healthy Kids Survey.

    Measured: Baseline (month 0) and Post-intervention (approximately 12 months)

  14. Mean change in student-reported personal (emotional) health from baseline to 18 months

    Child-reported personal health indicators (enjoyment, knowledge, and self-efficacy) collected through questionnaire with Discrete Emotions in Physical Education Scale (DEPES).

    Measured: Baseline (month 0) and Post-intervention (approximately 18 months)

  15. Mean change in student-reported personal (self-efficacy) health from baseline to 18 months

    Child-reported personal health indicators (enjoyment, knowledge, and self-efficacy) collected through questionnaire with Metacognitive Process in Physical Education Questionnaire.

    Measured: Baseline (month 0) and Post-intervention (approximately 18 months)

  16. Mean change in student-reported personal (social) health from baseline to 18 months

    Child-reported personal health indicators (enjoyment, knowledge, and self-efficacy) collected through questionnaire with Saunders psychosocial influences on physical activity scale.

    Measured: Baseline (month 0) and Post-intervention (approximately 18 months)

  17. Mean change in student-reported environmental health from baseline to 18 months

    Child-reported environmental health (peer relationships) will be collected through questionnaire with the ECLS-K peer relationship scale.

    Measured: Baseline (month 0) and Post-intervention (approximately 18 months)

  18. Mean change in student-reported behavioral health from baseline to 18 months

    Child-reported behavioral health (social and emotional learning) will be collected through questionnaire with the Social and Emotional Learning module of the California Healthy Kids Survey.

    Measured: Baseline (month 0) and Post-intervention (approximately 18 months)

  19. Change in number of school-reported behavioral incidents from baseline to 6 months

    School-reported number of children referred to administrators for behavioral incidents

    Measured: Baseline (month 0) and Post-intervention (approximately 6 months)

  20. Change in number of school-reported behavioral incidents from baseline to 12 months

    School-reported number of children referred to administrators for behavioral incidents

    Measured: Baseline (month 0) and Post-intervention (approximately 12 months)

  21. Change in number of school-reported behavioral incidents from baseline to 18 months

    School-reported number of children referred to administrators for behavioral incidents

    Measured: Baseline (month 0) and Post-intervention (approximately 18 months)

Secondary outcomes (5)
  1. Mean perceived implementation appropriateness

    Staff-reported appropriateness and feasibility of intervention collected through questionnaire with Intervention Appropriateness Measure (IAM).

    Measured: Post-intervention (approximately 6 months)

  2. Mean perceived implementation feasibility

    Staff-reported appropriateness and feasibility of intervention collected through questionnaire with Feasibility of Intervention Measure (FIM).

    Measured: Post-intervention (approximately 6 months)

  3. Mean observed implementation fidelity

    Researcher-reported fidelity of intervention (adherence, exposure/dose, quality of delivery, component differentiation, and participant involvement) collected using researcher-developed protocol for monthly systematic observations.

    Measured: Monthly post-intervention through end of school year

  4. Mean observed implementation sustainability

    Researcher-reported fidelity of intervention (adherence, exposure/dose, quality of delivery, component differentiation, and participant involvement) collected using researcher-developed protocol for monthly systematic observations.

    Measured: Post-intervention (approximately 12 months)

  5. Mean observed implementation sustainability

    Researcher-reported fidelity of intervention (adherence, exposure/dose, quality of delivery, component differentiation, and participant involvement) collected using researcher-developed protocol for monthly systematic observations.

    Measured: Post-intervention (approximately 18 months)

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted22 Jul 2022
  2. Study start22 Aug 2022
  3. Primary completion30 Dec 2023
  4. Study completion30 Dec 2023

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Crossover
Masking
Single blind
Who is masked
Outcomes assessor
Enrolment
294 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT05470621
Sponsor's protocol ID
STUDY00015985
Status last verified
Feb 2024
First submitted
18 Jul 2022
Last updated
5 Feb 2024
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
Yes: All IPD that underlie results in a publication will be de-identified and available

Publications

  • Simonton KL, Garn AC, Mercier KJ. Expanding the Discrete Emotions in Physical Education Scale (DEPES): Evaluating Emotions With Behavior and Learning. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2023 Mar;94(1):35-44. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2021.1935434. Epub 2021 Dec 14.

    PubMed 34904920
  • Saunders RP, Pate RR, Felton G, Dowda M, Weinrich MC, Ward DS, Parsons MA, Baranowski T. Development of questionnaires to measure psychosocial influences on children's physical activity. Prev Med. 1997 Mar-Apr;26(2):241-7. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1996.0134.

    PubMed 9085394
  • Jackson SL, Cunningham SA. Social Competence and Obesity in Elementary School. Am J Public Health. 2015 Jan;105(1):153-158. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2014.302208.

    PubMed 25393191
  • Poulos A, Kulinna PH. A cluster randomized controlled trial of an after-school playground curriculum intervention to improve children's physical, social, and emotional health: study protocol for the PLAYground project. BMC Public Health. 2022 Sep 1;22(1):1658. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-13991-3.

    PubMed 36050657

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing PlayOn! playground curriculum in people with Physical Inactivity and Social Skills, run by Arizona State University at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 5 Feb 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Mean change in accelerometer-derived physical activity from baseline to six months (time frame: Baseline (month 0) and Post-intervention (approximately 6 months)). The study lists 21 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05470621, which also lists 4 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 5 Feb 2024.

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