MotivationMOTBASNCT05499338
Motivation as a Strategy for Adherence to a Stretching Program for Basketball Players
A study testing Stretching program in people with Motivation and Sports Physical Therapy, run by University Rovira i Virgili at 1 site in Spain.
Trial summary
Background: Basketball is considered a medium-high injury sport, because of the mechanisms of injury, which can be acute, by repetition mechanisms or by overload. An effective way to avoid muscle overload injuries is to perform an extensibility workout such as an analytical active stretching program. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 12 to 13 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Motivation, Sports Physical Therapy, Muscle Tightness
- What is being tested?
- Stretching program
- Type of treatment
- Surgery or procedure
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 21 participants
- Where
- 1 siteSpain
- Study dates
- 1 Sep 2019to 30 Jun 2020
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 12 to 13 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child
Who may be able to join
- To be an active player at the time of selection, to sign the informed consent form, failure to meet the exclusion criteria.
Who cannot join
- To have an injury at the time of selection, psychological and/or psychiatric illnesses.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Motivation as a Strategy for Adherence to a Stretching Program for Basketball Players: a Pilot Study.
Background: Basketball is considered a medium-high injury sport, because of the mechanisms of injury, which can be acute, by repetition mechanisms or by overload. An effective way to avoid muscle overload injuries is to perform an extensibility workout such as an analytical active stretching program. The objective of this study is to achieve adherence to a stretching program by motivating young basketball players.
Methods: Randomized experimental clinical trial controlled by a single blind person. 21 child players between 11 and 12 years, divided into intervention group (IG) and control group (CG). IG carries out a supervised static stretching program at the end of training 3 days/week for 12 weeks and CG has normally developed the standard stretches of their Basketball Club. The extensibility of various muscle groups was valued in both groups. In addition, motivation was valued by Sport Motivation Scale.
Read the detailed description
The inclusion criteria were: to be between 12 and 13 years of age (both included), to be an active player at the time of selection, to sign the informed consent form and failure to meet the exclusion criteria. The exclusion criteria were: to have an injury at the time of selection and psychological and/or psychiatric illnesses. The main outcomes were: the adherence to a stretching program (monitoring calendars), the extensibility of the posterior musculature (fingertip-to-floor test), the adductor extensibility (sideways leg splits test), the gastrocnemius and soleus extensibility (weight-bearing lunge test through the Leg Motion system), the hamstring extensibility (goniometer with the passive straight leg raise and it was considerated shortening if it doesn't reach >80 degrees of elevation, the extensibility of the quadriceps (Ely test by a goniometer), the extensibility of the psoas (modified Thomas test using a goniometer).
- Conditions
- Motivation, Sports Physical Therapy, Muscle Tightness
- Being tested
- Stretching program
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Stretching programProcedure or surgery
The stretching programme was to be performed at least 3 days/week (after training) for 12 weeks. These were static, active stretches of the muscles of the lower back, psoas iliacus, quadriceps, adductors, gluteus, hamstrings, and sural triceps. The final stretching position was that which generated a sensation of moderate-intense tightness in the muscles, but without exceeding the pain threshold. For each muscle group, the stretch was held for 60 seconds, divided into 3 repetitions of 20 seconds. Between each repetition, we did not return to the initial position but sought a new barrier to the stretch which would provoke the sensations described above. The total time dedicated to stretching was approximately 15 minutes per session.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental group | Experimental | The experimental group received a lecture session explaining what stretching is, its advantages and the importance of stretching in injury prevention. The specific intervention programme was to be performed at least 3 days/week (after training) for 12 weeks. These were static, active stretches of the muscles of the lower back, psoas iliacus, quadriceps, adductors, gluteus, hamstrings, and sural triceps. For each muscle group, the stretch was held for 60 seconds, divided into 3 repetitions of 20 seconds. Between each repetition, we did not return to the initial position but sought a new barrier to the stretch which would provoke the sensations described above. The total time dedicated to stretching was approximately 15 minutes per session. Receives: Procedure: Stretching program |
| Control group | No intervention | The control group performed the initial and final assessments and continued to perform their team's standard/habitual stretches. To record whether they performed the stretches prescribed by the club, the researchers went to the end of the training unknown sessions and recorded whether the players performed them or not. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Extensibility of the posterior musculature (centimeters)
This was measured with the "Fingertip-to-Floor Test"
Measured: 1 year
Adductor extensibility (centimeters)
It was measured with the Sideways Leg Splits test
Measured: 1 year
Gastrocnemius and soleus extensibility (centimeters)
The Leg Motion System was used.
Measured: 1 year
Hamstring extensibility (degrees)
The Passive Straight Leg Raise test was used, assessed qualitatively and quantitatively.
Measured: 1 year
Extensibility of the quadriceps (degrees)
This was measured with the Ely Test
Measured: 1 year
Extensibility of the psoas (degrees)
The Modified Thomas test was used, assessing the psoas qualitatively and quantitatively as well as indirectly the rectus femoris, the tensor fascia lata and the abductors.
Measured: 1 year
Motivation
It was assessed using the Sport Motivation Scale, validated in Spanish. This scale allows an objective assessment of the intrinsic, extrinsic and non-motivational factors of why children participate in their sport. In addition, the researchers added two questions related to motivation and stretching, to check whether the participants had correctly understood the importance of stretching.
Measured: 1 year
Adherence to the programme (percentage)
This was assessed by means of monitoring calendars. The purpose of these was for the athletes to place blue stickers on the days they did the stretches and red stickers on the days they did not do them, thus giving them visual biofeedback of their involvement with the stretches. Each calendar was valid for six weeks, so one was given out on the first week and the second one in the middle of the study, on the sixth week.
Measured: 1 year
Secondary outcomes (4)
Age
Years
Measured: 1 year
Gender
Female or male
Measured: 1 year
Height
Centimeters
Measured: 1 year
Hypermobility
The Beighton Criteria were used.
Measured: 1 year
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted12 Aug 2022
- Study start1 Sep 2019
- Primary completion27 May 2020
- Study completion30 Jun 2020
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (6)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for MotivationStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Single-blind, randomized, controlled, experimental clinical trial.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Investigator
- Enrolment
- 21 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University Rovira i Virgili
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, CRISTINA ADILLÓN, University Rovira i Virgili
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05499338
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 123/2018_2
- Acronym
- MOTBAS
- Status last verified
- Nov 2022
- First submitted
- 8 Aug 2022
- Last updated
- 30 Nov 2022
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
Cumps E, Verhagen E, Meeusen R. Prospective epidemiological study of basketball injuries during one competitive season: ankle sprains and overuse knee injuries. J Sports Sci Med. 2007 Jun 1;6(2):204-11. eCollection 2007.
PubMed 24149330Sainz de Baranda P, Ayala F. Chronic flexibility improvement after 12 week of stretching program utilizing the ACSM recommendations: hamstring flexibility. Int J Sports Med. 2010 Jun;31(6):389-96. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1249082. Epub 2010 Mar 22.
PubMed 20309785Behm DG, Blazevich AJ, Kay AD, McHugh M. Acute effects of muscle stretching on physical performance, range of motion, and injury incidence in healthy active individuals: a systematic review. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2016 Jan;41(1):1-11. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2015-0235. Epub 2015 Dec 8.
PubMed 26642915Bozic PR, Pazin NR, Berjan BB, Planic NM, Cuk ID. Evaluation of the field tests of flexibility of the lower extremity: reliability and the concurrent and factorial validity. J Strength Cond Res. 2010 Sep;24(9):2523-31. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181def5e4.
PubMed 20802292Calatayud J, Martin F, Gargallo P, Garcia-Redondo J, Colado JC, Marin PJ. The validity and reliability of a new instrumented device for measuring ankle dorsiflexion range of motion. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2015 Apr;10(2):197-202.
PubMed 25883868Ayala F, Sainz de Baranda P, De Ste Croix M, Santonja F. Comparison of active stretching technique in males with normal and limited hamstring flexibility. Phys Ther Sport. 2013 May;14(2):98-104. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2012.03.013. Epub 2012 Sep 21.
PubMed 23007137
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 30 Nov 2022. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Motivation as a Strategy for Adherence to a Stretching Program for Basketball Players: a Pilot Study.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05499338
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- MOTBAS / 123/2018_2
- Conditions
- Motivation, Sports Physical Therapy, Muscle Tightness
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 21 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University Rovira i VirgiliUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Sep 2019 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 27 May 2020 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Jun 2020 (actual)
- First posted
- 12 Aug 2022 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Background: Basketball is considered a medium-high injury sport, because of the mechanisms of injury, which can be acute, by repetition mechanisms or by overload. An effective way to avoid muscle overload injuries is to perform an extensibility workout such as an analytical active stretching program. The objective of this study is to achieve adherence to a stretching program by motivating young basketball players.
Methods: Randomized experimental clinical trial controlled by a single blind person. 21 child players between 11 and 12 years, divided into intervention group (IG) and control group (CG). IG carries out a supervised static stretching program at the end of training 3 days/week for 12 weeks and CG has normally developed the standard stretches of their Basketball Club. The extensibility of various muscle groups was valued in both groups. In addition, motivation was valued by Sport Motivation Scale.
Detailed description
The inclusion criteria were: to be between 12 and 13 years of age (both included), to be an active player at the time of selection, to sign the informed consent form and failure to meet the exclusion criteria. The exclusion criteria were: to have an injury at the time of selection and psychological and/or psychiatric illnesses. The main outcomes were: the adherence to a stretching program (monitoring calendars), the extensibility of the posterior musculature (fingertip-to-floor test), the adductor extensibility (sideways leg splits test), the gastrocnemius and soleus extensibility (weight-bearing lunge test through the Leg Motion system), the hamstring extensibility (goniometer with the passive straight leg raise and it was considerated shortening if it doesn't reach >80 degrees of elevation, the extensibility of the quadriceps (Ely test by a goniometer), the extensibility of the psoas (modified Thomas test using a goniometer).
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (investigator)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Single-blind, randomized, controlled, experimental clinical trial.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental group | Experimental | Procedure: Stretching programThe experimental group received a lecture session explaining what stretching is, its advantages and the importance of stretching in injury prevention. The specific intervention programme was to be performed at least 3 days/week (after training) for 12 weeks. These were static, active stretches of the muscles of the lower back, psoas iliacus, quadriceps, adductors, gluteus, hamstrings, and sural triceps. For each muscle group, the stretch was held for 60 seconds, divided into 3 repetitions of 20 seconds. Between each repetition, we did not return to the initial position but sought a new barrier to the stretch which would provoke the sensations described above. The total time dedicated to stretching was approximately 15 minutes per session. |
| Control group | No intervention | –The control group performed the initial and final assessments and continued to perform their team's standard/habitual stretches. To record whether they performed the stretches prescribed by the club, the researchers went to the end of the training unknown sessions and recorded whether the players performed them or not. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 12 to 13 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- To be an active player at the time of selection, to sign the informed consent form, failure to meet the exclusion criteria.
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- To have an injury at the time of selection, psychological and/or psychiatric illnesses.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Stretching programThe stretching programme was to be performed at least 3 days/week (after training) for 12 weeks. These were static, active stretches of the muscles of the lower back, psoas iliacus, quadriceps, adductors, gluteus, hamstrings, and sural triceps. The final stretching position was that which generated a sensation of moderate-intense tightness in the muscles, but without exceeding the pain threshold. For each muscle group, the stretch was held for 60 seconds, divided into 3 repetitions of 20 seconds. Between each repetition, we did not return to the initial position but sought a new barrier to the stretch which would provoke the sensations described above. The total time dedicated to stretching was approximately 15 minutes per session. | Procedure or surgery | Experimental group |
Primary outcome
Extensibility of the posterior musculature (centimeters)
Time frame: 1 year
This was measured with the "Fingertip-to-Floor Test"
Adductor extensibility (centimeters)
Time frame: 1 year
It was measured with the Sideways Leg Splits test
Gastrocnemius and soleus extensibility (centimeters)
Time frame: 1 year
The Leg Motion System was used.
Hamstring extensibility (degrees)
Time frame: 1 year
The Passive Straight Leg Raise test was used, assessed qualitatively and quantitatively.
Extensibility of the quadriceps (degrees)
Time frame: 1 year
This was measured with the Ely Test
Extensibility of the psoas (degrees)
Time frame: 1 year
The Modified Thomas test was used, assessing the psoas qualitatively and quantitatively as well as indirectly the rectus femoris, the tensor fascia lata and the abductors.
Motivation
Time frame: 1 year
It was assessed using the Sport Motivation Scale, validated in Spanish. This scale allows an objective assessment of the intrinsic, extrinsic and non-motivational factors of why children participate in their sport. In addition, the researchers added two questions related to motivation and stretching, to check whether the participants had correctly understood the importance of stretching.
Adherence to the programme (percentage)
Time frame: 1 year
This was assessed by means of monitoring calendars. The purpose of these was for the athletes to place blue stickers on the days they did the stretches and red stickers on the days they did not do them, thus giving them visual biofeedback of their involvement with the stretches. Each calendar was valid for six weeks, so one was given out on the first week and the second one in the middle of the study, on the sixth week.
4 secondary outcomes
Age
Time frame: 1 year
Gender
Time frame: 1 year
Height
Time frame: 1 year
Hypermobility
Time frame: 1 year
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 30 Nov 2022.
- Background: PubMed 24149330Cumps E, Verhagen E, Meeusen R. Prospective epidemiological study of basketball injuries during one competitive season: ankle sprains and overuse knee injuries. J Sports Sci Med. 2007 Jun 1;6(2):204-11. eCollection 2007.
- Background: PubMed 20309785Sainz de Baranda P, Ayala F. Chronic flexibility improvement after 12 week of stretching program utilizing the ACSM recommendations: hamstring flexibility. Int J Sports Med. 2010 Jun;31(6):389-96. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1249082. Epub 2010 Mar 22.
- Background: PubMed 26642915Behm DG, Blazevich AJ, Kay AD, McHugh M. Acute effects of muscle stretching on physical performance, range of motion, and injury incidence in healthy active individuals: a systematic review. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2016 Jan;41(1):1-11. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2015-0235. Epub 2015 Dec 8.
- Background: PubMed 20802292Bozic PR, Pazin NR, Berjan BB, Planic NM, Cuk ID. Evaluation of the field tests of flexibility of the lower extremity: reliability and the concurrent and factorial validity. J Strength Cond Res. 2010 Sep;24(9):2523-31. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181def5e4.
- Background: PubMed 25883868Calatayud J, Martin F, Gargallo P, Garcia-Redondo J, Colado JC, Marin PJ. The validity and reliability of a new instrumented device for measuring ankle dorsiflexion range of motion. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2015 Apr;10(2):197-202.
- Background: PubMed 23007137Ayala F, Sainz de Baranda P, De Ste Croix M, Santonja F. Comparison of active stretching technique in males with normal and limited hamstring flexibility. Phys Ther Sport. 2013 May;14(2):98-104. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2012.03.013. Epub 2012 Sep 21.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Stretching program in people with Motivation and Sports Physical Therapy, run by University Rovira i Virgili at 1 site in Spain.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 30 Nov 2022. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Spain. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Extensibility of the posterior musculature (centimeters) (time frame: 1 year). The study lists 8 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05499338, which also lists 6 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 30 Nov 2022.