Oppositional Defiant DisorderFamilyNetNCT05535387

Integrated Smart Speaker Promoting Positive Parenting Among Caregivers of Youth With Challenging Behaviors

A study testing FamilyNet smart speaker/mobile application in people with Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Conduct Disorder, run by Oregon Research Behavioral Intervention Strategies, Inc. at 1 site in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record

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Trial summary

Who is it for?: Ages 10 to 80 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for: Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Conduct Disorder
What is being tested?: FamilyNet smart speaker/mobile application
Type of treatment: Lifestyle or therapy programme
Could I receive a placebo?: No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people: 42 participants
Where: 1 siteUnited States
Study dates: 11 Mar 2024to 30 Dec 2024
Phase: Interventional
Are there results?: Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

Ages 10 to 80 years
All sexes
Healthy volunteers accepted
Child, Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

Primary parent/caregiver who has a child ages 10- to 17-years-old who lives with them at least half the time
Has a smartphone and access to email
Speaks English

Who cannot join

The target-age child has a developmental disability severe enough that the child is unable to speak and/or follow simple directions.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United States1 site

Oregon Research Behavioral Intervention Strategies, Inc.
Springfield, Oregon, 97477

Other trials in United States

About this study

Official title: Integrated Smart Speaker/Mobile Application to Promote Positive Parenting Among Caregivers of Youth With Challenging Behaviors

This project will develop and evaluate the feasibility of an integrated smart speaker and mobile/web-based application, "FamilyNet" (FN) to assist parents in implementing empirically supported behavioral parenting strategies to promote positive behavior change in their children. The FamilyNet system will help parents to create a positively framed, individualized behavioral plan for their child(ren), and then provide prompts, reminders, and tracking tools to help them effectively implement that plan. Once developed, FamilyNet will be field tested for usability and usefulness with a group of parents who have children ages 10-17 years exhibiting challenging behaviors. Establishing feasibility of this innovative parenting tool will have important implications for harnessing smart speaker and mobile/web technologies to provide parents in-situ support with parenting challenges; parents' effective implementation of empirically supported parenting strategies is likely to increase children's prosocial behaviors and reduce problematic behaviors, thus reducing their risk for long-term behavioral problems.

Read the detailed description

This project will develop and establish feasibility of an integrated smart speaker and mobile/web application, FamilyNet, designed to help parents utilize best practices in behavioral parent training to create and implement personalized behavior plans for their children. The FamilyNet system will integrate mobile app, smart speaker technology, and website technologies to assist families in creating their behavior plan, and then will track compliance, timelines, incentives, and other details to assist parents in following through and maintaining the behavior change program that they have created. After development, the intervention program will be pilot-tested with up to 35 families of youth ages 10-17 with challenging behaviors.

Primary parents will complete measures of parenting practices and child behavior prior to using the FamilyNet system, and again after having access to the program for 4 weeks. During the intervention period, user information will be tracked. Post-intervention measures will also include primary parents' perceptions of usability and acceptability of and satisfaction with the FamilyNet system. Children will also complete satisfaction questionnaires at the post- intervention assessment. Data will be analyzed to determine the degree to which families are able to utilize the FamilyNet interface and report finding it helpful.

Conditions: Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Conduct Disorder
Being tested: FamilyNet smart speaker/mobile application
Medical subject headings: Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Conduct Disorder

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

FamilyNet smart speaker/mobile applicationBehavioural
In a 4-week period, families will use a prototype of the FamilyNet integrated and coordinated smart speaker/mobile application designed to provide families with in-situ experiential support for building positive behavior plans. The prototype FamilyNet program will guide families in creating and implementing positive behavior plans to foster positive child behavior, consistent parenting, and promote a positive parent-child relationship.

Study groups in NCT05535387
Study group	Role	What they receive
FamilyNet smart speaker/mobile application - Parent	Experimental	In a 4-week period, parents will use a prototype of the FamilyNet integrated and coordinated smart speaker/mobile application designed to provide families with in-situ experiential support for building positive behavior plans. Receives: Behavioral: FamilyNet smart speaker/mobile application
FamilyNet smart speaker/mobile application - Youth	Experimental	In a 4-week period, youth (children of parents) will use a prototype of the FamilyNet integrated and coordinated smart speaker/mobile application designed to provide families with in-situ experiential support for building positive behavior plans. Receives: Behavioral: FamilyNet smart speaker/mobile application

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 11-17 - Emotional Problems Subscale
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 4-17 (SDQ; Goodman, 1997) is used to measure the child's overall adjustment. The SDQ is a brief, valid, reliable, and commonly used parent-report questionnaire about child behavior. The instrument includes 25 items that assess child challenging behaviors (emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention), peer relationships, and prosocial behavior, with 5 items measuring each subscale. Respondents answer on a 3-point scale from 0 to 2 (0 = "Not true;" 2 = "Certainly true"). For the Emotional Problems Subscale, scores for the 5 items are summed together; the subscale score can range from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate worse adjustment (worse outcome).
Measured: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 11-17 - Conduct Problems Subscale
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 4-17 (SDQ; Goodman, 1997) is used to measure the child's overall adjustment. The SDQ is a brief, valid, reliable, and commonly used parent-report questionnaire about child behavior. The instrument includes 25 items that assess child challenging behaviors (emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention), peer relationships, and prosocial behavior, with 5 items measuring each subscale. Respondents answer on a 3-point scale from 0 to 2 (0 = "Not true;" 2 = "Certainly true"). For the Conduct Problems Subscale, scores for the 5 items are summed together; the subscale score can range from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate worse adjustment (worse outcome).
Measured: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 11-17 - Hyperactivity Subscale
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 4-17 (SDQ; Goodman, 1997) is used to measure the child's overall adjustment. The SDQ is a brief, valid, reliable, and commonly used parent-report questionnaire about child behavior. The instrument includes 25 items that assess child challenging behaviors (emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention), peer relationships, and prosocial behavior, with 5 items measuring each subscale. Respondents answer on a 3-point scale from 0 to 2 (0 = "Not true;" 2 = "Certainly true"). For the Hyperactivity Subscale, scores for the 5 items are summed together; the subscale score can range from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate worse adjustment (worse outcome).
Measured: Time Frame: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 11-17 - Peer Problems Subscale
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 4-17 (SDQ; Goodman, 1997) is used to measure the child's overall adjustment. The SDQ is a brief, valid, reliable, and commonly used parent-report questionnaire about child behavior. The instrument includes 25 items that assess child challenging behaviors (emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention), peer relationships, and prosocial behavior, with 5 items measuring each subscale. Respondents answer on a 3-point scale from 0 to 2 (0 = "Not true;" 2 = "Certainly true"). For the Peer Problems Subscale, scores for the 5 items are summed together; the subscale score can range from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate worse adjustment (worse outcome).
Measured: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 11-17 - Prosocial Subscale
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 4-17 (SDQ; Goodman, 1997) is used to measure the child's overall adjustment. The SDQ is a brief, valid, reliable, and commonly used parent-report questionnaire about child behavior. The instrument includes 25 items that assess child challenging behaviors (emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention), peer relationships, and prosocial behavior, with 5 items measuring each subscale. Respondents answer on a 3-point scale from 0 to 2 (0 = "Not true;" 2 = "Certainly true"). For the Prosocial Subscale, scores for the 5 items are summed together; the subscale score can range from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate better adjustment (better outcome).
Measured: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 11-17 - Total Difficulties Score
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 4-17 (SDQ; Goodman, 1997) is used to measure the child's overall adjustment. The SDQ is a brief, valid, reliable, and commonly used parent-report questionnaire about child behavior. The instrument includes 25 items that assess child challenging behaviors (emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention), peer relationships, and prosocial behavior, with 5 items measuring each subscale. Respondents answer on a 3-point scale from 0 to 2 (0 = "Not true;" 2 = "Certainly true"). For the Total Difficulties Score, subscale scores for the Emotional Problems, Conduct Problems, Hyperactivity, and Peer Problems items are summed together; the Total Difficulties score can range from 0 to 40. Higher scores indicate worse adjustment (worse outcome).
Measured: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Program Acceptability - Parent Perception of Improvement
Measure Description: Parents' perceptions of improvement in their child's behavior was measured with 4 items of the Program Acceptability - Parent Perception of Improvement Subscale measure at T2, 4 weeks after baseline. Parents indicate their perceptions of recent change in their child's positive behavior and their relationship with their child. Respondents answer items on a 5-point scale (e.g. 1 = Considerably worse; 5 = Greatly improved). Scores on these 4 items are averaged together; subscale scores range from 1 to 5. Higher scores indicate parent perceptions of more improvement (better outcome).
Measured: At 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Program Acceptability - Parent Satisfaction Subscale - Parent Report
Parent Satisfaction was measured with 10 items of the Program Acceptability - Parent Satisfaction Subscale measure at T2, 4 weeks after baseline, asking the extent to which parents found that the FamilyNet program was helpful, enjoyable, addressed important issues, helped them follow through on their behavior change plan, helped them manage their child's behavior more effectively, was the type of help they wanted, and their overall satisfaction with the program. Respondents answer items on a 7-point scale (e.g. 1 = Not at all; 7 = Very much). Scores on these 10 items are averaged together; subscale scores range from 1 to 7. Higher scores indicate better parent satisfaction.
Measured: At 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Program Acceptability - Child Satisfaction Subscale - Child Report
Child Satisfaction was measured with 5 items of the Program Acceptability - Child Satisfaction Subscale measure at post-treatment, asking the extent to which the child found that the FamilyNet program was helpful and enjoyable, and their overall satisfaction with the program. Respondents answer items on a 7-point scale (e.g. 1 = Not at all; 7 = Very much). Scores on these 5 items are averaged together; subscale scores range from 1 to 7. Higher scores indicate better child satisfaction.
Measured: At 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
System Usability Scale - Parent Report
Parents' perceptions of the usability of the FamilyNet program is measured with the System Usability Scale (SUS), a commonly used 10-item scale that measures subjective perceptions of usability. Items are answered on a 5-point scale (0=Strongly disagree; 4=Strongly agree); scores on the scale are summed and multiplied by 2.5, such that they range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better usability. The SUS has been normed, and scoring produces an overall usability "grade" (Brooke, 1996; Sauro, 2011). This measure is obtained from the parents at post-test.
Measured: At 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
System Usability Scale - Child Report
Child perceptions of the usability of the FamilyNet program is measured with the System Usability Scale (SUS), a commonly used 10-item scale that measures subjective perceptions of usability. Items are answered on a 5-point scale (0=Strongly disagree; 4=Strongly agree); scores on the scale are summed and multiplied by 2.5, such that they range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better usability (better outcome). The SUS has been normed, and scoring produces an overall usability "grade" (Brooke, 1996; Sauro, 2011). This measure is obtained from the youth at post-test.
Measured: At 4 weeks after baseline (T2)

Secondary outcomes (10)

Parenting Practices Inventory - Inconsistent Discipline Subscale
The Parenting Practices Inventory (PPI) - Inconsistent Discipline Subscale (Metzler, Taylor, \& Foster, 2006) was used to measure the degree to which the parents are inconsistent in their discipline practices. Parents answer 4 items about inconsistent discipline practices on a 7-point frequency scale (1 = Never; 7 = Always). Scores on these 4 items are averaged together; the subscale scores range from 1 to 7. Higher scores indicate more inconsistent discipline practices (worse outcome).
Measured: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Parenting Practices Inventory - Positive Reinforcement Subscale
The Parenting Practices Inventory (PPI) - Positive Reinforcement Subscale (Metzler, Taylor, \& Foster, 2006) was used to measure how much parents utilize positive reinforcement to promote positive behavior in their children. Parents answer 6 items about their likelihood of using different positive reinforcement techniques when their child behaves well or does a good job, on a 7-point scale (1 = Not at all likely; 7 = Extremely likely), 1 item about how often in an average week they praise or reward their child for doing a good job at home or school, on a 7-point scale (1 = Less than once per week; 7 = More than 10 times per day), and 2 items about how many times they have used positive reinforcement in the past 2 days for anything their child did well, on a 7-point scale (1 = Never; 7 = More than 7 times). Scores on these 9 items are averaged together; the Positive Reinforcement subscale scores range from 1 to 7. Higher scores indicate more positive reinforcement (better outcome).
Measured: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Community Action for Successful Youth (CASY) Child-Parent Relationship Scales - Parent-Child Conflict Subscale
The CASY Parent-Child Relationship Scales - Parent-Child Conflict Subscale (Metzler, Biglan, Ary, \& Li, 1998) is used to measure conflict between the parent and child. Items were originally adapted from Prinz, Foster, Kent, \& O'Leary (1979). For the Parent-Child Conflict Subscale, 4 items ask parents how often four different conflict situations happened over the past week; parents answer on a 7-point frequency scale (1= Never; 7 = more than 7 times). Scores on these 4 items are averaged together; subscale scores range from 1 to 7. Higher scores indicate more parent-child conflict (worse outcome).
Measured: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
CASY Child-Parent Relationship Scales - Positive Family Relations Subscale
The CASY Parent-Child Relationship Scales - Positive Family Relations Subscale (Metzler, Biglan, Ary, \& Li, 1998) is used to measure positive relationships between the parent and child. Items were originally adapted from Moos and Moos (1986). For the Positive Family Relations Subscale, 6 items ask parents about the degree to which they have had a positive relationship with their child (3 items) and in the family in general (3 items) over the past month; parents answer on a 7-point "how true" scale (1= Never true; 7 = Always true). Scores on these 6 items are averaged together; subscale scores range from 1 to 7. Higher scores indicate a more positive relationship (better outcome).
Measured: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Program-Targeted Parenting Practices - Frequency Subscale
The frequency of parents' engagement in the parenting practices targeted by the FamilyNet intervention is measured via the Program-Targeted Parenting Practices - Frequency Subscale (Metzler, Smith, Feil, \& Marquez, 2023). Created for this study, these 8 items ask parents to report the frequency with which they have engaged in target parenting practices in the past 4 weeks; parents report their frequency on a 6-point scale (0 = "Never in the past month;" 5 = "Every day"). Averaged scores range from 0 to 5, with higher scores indicating more frequent parental engagement in the target activities (better outcome).
Measured: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Program-Targeted Parenting Practices - Parental Self-Efficacy Subscale
Parents' self-efficacy for engaging in the parenting practices targeted by the FamilyNet intervention is measured via the Program-Targeted Parenting Practices - Parental Self-Efficacy Subscale (Metzler, Smith, Feil, \& Marquez, 2023). Created for this study, these 6 items ask parents to rate how confident they are that they know how to do a series of parenting practices targeted by the program, on a scale of 1 to 10 (1 = Not confident at all; 10 = Highly confident). Averaged scores range from 1 to 10, with higher scores indicating greater parental self-efficacy in doing the targeted behavior (better outcome).
Measured: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Parent Daily Report of Child Behavior, Positive Behavior Subscale
The Parent Daily Report (PDR; Chamberlain \& Reid, 1987) is used to measure parents' report of their children's positive and negative behaviors over the past 24 hours. For the PDR Positive Behavior Subscale, parents are asked to indicate the extent to which 7 positive behaviors occurred in the past 24 hours on a 4-point scale (0 = Not at all; 3 = A lot). The scores from these 7 items are averaged together, and the average score ranges from 0 to 3. Higher scores indicate more positive behavior (better outcome).
Measured: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Parent Daily Report of Child Behavior, Negative Behavior Subscale
The Parent Daily Report (PDR; Chamberlain \& Reid, 1987) is used to measure parents' report of their children's positive and negative behaviors over the past 24 hours. For the PDR Negative Behavior Subscale, parents are asked to indicate the extent to which 19 negative behaviors occurred in the past 24 hours on a 7-point scale (0 = 0; 6 = 6 or more). The scores from these 19 items are averaged together, and the average score ranges from 0 to 6. Higher scores indicate more negative behavior (worse outcome).
Measured: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Families' Usage of the FamilyNet Program - Number of Families That Used the Program
Families' usage of the FamilyNet program is measured through usage metrics collected on the back-end database, including the number of families that used the program and the number of times the program was used by families. For the Number of Families that Used the Program metric, families are identified either as (a) used the program at least once, or (b) did not use the program at all. "Usage" is defined as either the parent or the child used the program at least once during the program period (after the initial monitoring period). Higher levels for all usage metrics indicate greater program use.
Measured: At 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Families' Usage of the FamilyNet Program - Number of Times the Program Was Used
Families' usage of the FamilyNet program is measured through usage metrics collected on the back-end database, including the number of families that used the program and the number of times the program was used by families. For number of Times the Program was Used, each instance of a family's "usage," defined as either the parent or the child using the program, was counted over the course of the intervention period (after the initial monitoring period). Higher levels for all usage metrics indicate greater program use.
Measured: At 4 weeks after baseline (T2)

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

11 Mar 202430 Dec 2024

First posted10 Sep 2022
Study start11 Mar 2024
Primary completion15 Dec 2024
Study completion30 Dec 2024

Resources

Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
Publications (8)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
Other trials for Oppositional Defiant DisorderStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design

Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase N/A
Primary purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Non-randomised
Intervention model: Single group
Masking: None (open label)
Enrolment: 42 participants (actual)

IDs, dates and publications

ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05535387
Sponsor's protocol ID: MH124577
Other IDs: 1R43MH124577-01A1
Acronym: FamilyNet
Status last verified: May 2026
First submitted: 7 Feb 2022
Last updated: 14 May 2026
Results posted: Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
Data monitoring committee: No
FDA-regulated drug: No
FDA-regulated device: No

Publications

Goodman R. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: a research note. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1997 Jul;38(5):581-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01545.x.
PubMed 9255702
Brooke, J. (1996). SUS-A quick and dirty usability scale. In P. W. Jordan, B. Thomas, B. A. Weerdmeester, & I. L. McClelland (Eds.), Usability evaluation in industry (Vol. 189, pp. 169-194). London, UK: Taylor & Francis.
Sauro, J. (2011). A practical guide to the system usability scale: Background, benchmarks & best practices. Denver, CO: Measuring Usability LLC.
Metzler, C.W., Taylor, T.K., & Foster, E.M. (2006). Associations between specific parental discipline practices and specific dimensions of young children's behavior problems. Unpublished technical report.
Metzler, C. W., Biglan, A., Ary, D. V., & Li, F. (1998). The stability and validity of early adolescents' reports of parenting constructs. Journal of Family Psychology, 12(4), 600-619.
Prinz RJ, Foster S, Kent RN, O'Leary KD. Multivariate assessment of conflict in distressed and nondistressed mother-adolescent dyads. J Appl Behav Anal. 1979 Winter;12(4):691-700. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1979.12-691.
PubMed 541311
Moos, R. H., & Moos, B. A. (1986). Manual for the Family Environment Scale. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
Chamberlain, P., & Reid, J. B. (1987). Parent observation and report of child symptoms. Behavioral Assessment, 9(1), 97-109.

Want to know more?

The sponsor has not listed a contact. The official record may have more details.

Talk to your doctor first and take this page with you. Only the study team can confirm whether you can join.

Questions to ask the study team

What is the study trying to find out?
What would I need to do, and how often would I visit?
Could I receive a placebo instead of the treatment?
What are the possible risks and benefits for me?
Will it cost me anything? Are travel or time paid for?
Can I keep seeing my own doctor during the study?
What happens when the study ends?

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Study at a glance

From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 14 May 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.

Official title: Integrated Smart Speaker/Mobile Application to Promote Positive Parenting Among Caregivers of Youth With Challenging Behaviors
ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05535387
Acronym / sponsor ID: FamilyNet / MH124577
Conditions: Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Conduct Disorder
Study type: Interventional
Recruitment status: Completed
Enrolment: 42 participants (actual)
Lead sponsor: Oregon Research Behavioral Intervention Strategies, Inc.Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
Collaborators: National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Study start: 11 Mar 2024 (actual)
Primary completion: 15 Dec 2024 (actual)
Study completion: 30 Dec 2024 (actual)
First posted: 10 Sep 2022 (actual)
Results: Posted 14 May 2026

Clinical summary

The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.

Detailed description

Study design

Primary purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Non-randomised
Intervention model: Single group
Masking: None (open label)
Number of arms: 2

Arm	Type	Receives
FamilyNet smart speaker/mobile application - Parent	Experimental	Behavioral: FamilyNet smart speaker/mobile applicationIn a 4-week period, parents will use a prototype of the FamilyNet integrated and coordinated smart speaker/mobile application designed to provide families with in-situ experiential support for building positive behavior plans.
FamilyNet smart speaker/mobile application - Youth	Experimental	Behavioral: FamilyNet smart speaker/mobile applicationIn a 4-week period, youth (children of parents) will use a prototype of the FamilyNet integrated and coordinated smart speaker/mobile application designed to provide families with in-situ experiential support for building positive behavior plans.

Who may qualify

Ages: 10 to 80 years
Sex: All
Healthy volunteers: Accepted
Age groups: Child, Adult, Older adult

Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)

Primary parent/caregiver who has a child ages 10- to 17-years-old who lives with them at least half the time
Has a smartphone and access to email
Speaks English

Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)

The target-age child has a developmental disability severe enough that the child is unable to speak and/or follow simple directions.

Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Interventions

Intervention	Type	Arms
FamilyNet smart speaker/mobile applicationIn a 4-week period, families will use a prototype of the FamilyNet integrated and coordinated smart speaker/mobile application designed to provide families with in-situ experiential support for building positive behavior plans. The prototype FamilyNet program will guide families in creating and implementing positive behavior plans to foster positive child behavior, consistent parenting, and promote a positive parent-child relationship.	Behavioural	FamilyNet smart speaker/mobile application - Parent, FamilyNet smart speaker/mobile application - Youth

Primary outcome

Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 11-17 - Emotional Problems Subscale
Time frame: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 4-17 (SDQ; Goodman, 1997) is used to measure the child's overall adjustment. The SDQ is a brief, valid, reliable, and commonly used parent-report questionnaire about child behavior. The instrument includes 25 items that assess child challenging behaviors (emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention), peer relationships, and prosocial behavior, with 5 items measuring each subscale. Respondents answer on a 3-point scale from 0 to 2 (0 = "Not true;" 2 = "Certainly true"). For the Emotional Problems Subscale, scores for the 5 items are summed together; the subscale score can range from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate worse adjustment (worse outcome).
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 11-17 - Conduct Problems Subscale
Time frame: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 4-17 (SDQ; Goodman, 1997) is used to measure the child's overall adjustment. The SDQ is a brief, valid, reliable, and commonly used parent-report questionnaire about child behavior. The instrument includes 25 items that assess child challenging behaviors (emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention), peer relationships, and prosocial behavior, with 5 items measuring each subscale. Respondents answer on a 3-point scale from 0 to 2 (0 = "Not true;" 2 = "Certainly true"). For the Conduct Problems Subscale, scores for the 5 items are summed together; the subscale score can range from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate worse adjustment (worse outcome).
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 11-17 - Hyperactivity Subscale
Time frame: Time Frame: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 4-17 (SDQ; Goodman, 1997) is used to measure the child's overall adjustment. The SDQ is a brief, valid, reliable, and commonly used parent-report questionnaire about child behavior. The instrument includes 25 items that assess child challenging behaviors (emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention), peer relationships, and prosocial behavior, with 5 items measuring each subscale. Respondents answer on a 3-point scale from 0 to 2 (0 = "Not true;" 2 = "Certainly true"). For the Hyperactivity Subscale, scores for the 5 items are summed together; the subscale score can range from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate worse adjustment (worse outcome).
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 11-17 - Peer Problems Subscale
Time frame: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 4-17 (SDQ; Goodman, 1997) is used to measure the child's overall adjustment. The SDQ is a brief, valid, reliable, and commonly used parent-report questionnaire about child behavior. The instrument includes 25 items that assess child challenging behaviors (emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention), peer relationships, and prosocial behavior, with 5 items measuring each subscale. Respondents answer on a 3-point scale from 0 to 2 (0 = "Not true;" 2 = "Certainly true"). For the Peer Problems Subscale, scores for the 5 items are summed together; the subscale score can range from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate worse adjustment (worse outcome).
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 11-17 - Prosocial Subscale
Time frame: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 4-17 (SDQ; Goodman, 1997) is used to measure the child's overall adjustment. The SDQ is a brief, valid, reliable, and commonly used parent-report questionnaire about child behavior. The instrument includes 25 items that assess child challenging behaviors (emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention), peer relationships, and prosocial behavior, with 5 items measuring each subscale. Respondents answer on a 3-point scale from 0 to 2 (0 = "Not true;" 2 = "Certainly true"). For the Prosocial Subscale, scores for the 5 items are summed together; the subscale score can range from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate better adjustment (better outcome).
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 11-17 - Total Difficulties Score
Time frame: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 4-17 (SDQ; Goodman, 1997) is used to measure the child's overall adjustment. The SDQ is a brief, valid, reliable, and commonly used parent-report questionnaire about child behavior. The instrument includes 25 items that assess child challenging behaviors (emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention), peer relationships, and prosocial behavior, with 5 items measuring each subscale. Respondents answer on a 3-point scale from 0 to 2 (0 = "Not true;" 2 = "Certainly true"). For the Total Difficulties Score, subscale scores for the Emotional Problems, Conduct Problems, Hyperactivity, and Peer Problems items are summed together; the Total Difficulties score can range from 0 to 40. Higher scores indicate worse adjustment (worse outcome).
Program Acceptability - Parent Perception of Improvement
Time frame: At 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Measure Description: Parents' perceptions of improvement in their child's behavior was measured with 4 items of the Program Acceptability - Parent Perception of Improvement Subscale measure at T2, 4 weeks after baseline. Parents indicate their perceptions of recent change in their child's positive behavior and their relationship with their child. Respondents answer items on a 5-point scale (e.g. 1 = Considerably worse; 5 = Greatly improved). Scores on these 4 items are averaged together; subscale scores range from 1 to 5. Higher scores indicate parent perceptions of more improvement (better outcome).
Program Acceptability - Parent Satisfaction Subscale - Parent Report
Time frame: At 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Parent Satisfaction was measured with 10 items of the Program Acceptability - Parent Satisfaction Subscale measure at T2, 4 weeks after baseline, asking the extent to which parents found that the FamilyNet program was helpful, enjoyable, addressed important issues, helped them follow through on their behavior change plan, helped them manage their child's behavior more effectively, was the type of help they wanted, and their overall satisfaction with the program. Respondents answer items on a 7-point scale (e.g. 1 = Not at all; 7 = Very much). Scores on these 10 items are averaged together; subscale scores range from 1 to 7. Higher scores indicate better parent satisfaction.
Program Acceptability - Child Satisfaction Subscale - Child Report
Time frame: At 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Child Satisfaction was measured with 5 items of the Program Acceptability - Child Satisfaction Subscale measure at post-treatment, asking the extent to which the child found that the FamilyNet program was helpful and enjoyable, and their overall satisfaction with the program. Respondents answer items on a 7-point scale (e.g. 1 = Not at all; 7 = Very much). Scores on these 5 items are averaged together; subscale scores range from 1 to 7. Higher scores indicate better child satisfaction.
System Usability Scale - Parent Report
Time frame: At 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Parents' perceptions of the usability of the FamilyNet program is measured with the System Usability Scale (SUS), a commonly used 10-item scale that measures subjective perceptions of usability. Items are answered on a 5-point scale (0=Strongly disagree; 4=Strongly agree); scores on the scale are summed and multiplied by 2.5, such that they range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better usability. The SUS has been normed, and scoring produces an overall usability "grade" (Brooke, 1996; Sauro, 2011). This measure is obtained from the parents at post-test.
System Usability Scale - Child Report
Time frame: At 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Child perceptions of the usability of the FamilyNet program is measured with the System Usability Scale (SUS), a commonly used 10-item scale that measures subjective perceptions of usability. Items are answered on a 5-point scale (0=Strongly disagree; 4=Strongly agree); scores on the scale are summed and multiplied by 2.5, such that they range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better usability (better outcome). The SUS has been normed, and scoring produces an overall usability "grade" (Brooke, 1996; Sauro, 2011). This measure is obtained from the youth at post-test.

10 secondary outcomes

Parenting Practices Inventory - Inconsistent Discipline Subscale
Time frame: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Parenting Practices Inventory - Positive Reinforcement Subscale
Time frame: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Community Action for Successful Youth (CASY) Child-Parent Relationship Scales - Parent-Child Conflict Subscale
Time frame: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
CASY Child-Parent Relationship Scales - Positive Family Relations Subscale
Time frame: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Program-Targeted Parenting Practices - Frequency Subscale
Time frame: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Program-Targeted Parenting Practices - Parental Self-Efficacy Subscale
Time frame: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Parent Daily Report of Child Behavior, Positive Behavior Subscale
Time frame: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Parent Daily Report of Child Behavior, Negative Behavior Subscale
Time frame: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Families' Usage of the FamilyNet Program - Number of Families That Used the Program
Time frame: At 4 weeks after baseline (T2)
Families' Usage of the FamilyNet Program - Number of Times the Program Was Used
Time frame: At 4 weeks after baseline (T2)

Results and safety

Results posted to the registry on 14 May 2026, as reported by the sponsor. Figures are copied from the record, not re-analysed. Full results on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Participant flow

Group	Started	Completed
FamilyNet Smart Speaker/Mobile Application (Parent)	21	15
FamilyNet Smart Speaker/Mobile Application (Youth)	21	14

Primary outcome: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 11-17 - Emotional Problems Subscale

Time frame: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2). Mean (Standard Deviation). Unit: score on a scale

Measure	FamilyNet Smart Speaker/Mobile Application - Parent n = 15	FamilyNet Smart Speaker/Mobile Application - Youth n = 0
Pretest (T1)	3.00 (2.48)	–
Posttest (T2)	2.53 (2.20)	–

FamilyNet Smart Speaker/Mobile Application - Parent: Mean Difference (Final Values): -0.47 (95% CI -1.57 to 0.64), p = 0.38, t-test, 2 sided

Population analysed: Parents with data at both T1 and T2 for this outcome (paired within-subject). Youth do not contribute to SDQ outcomes. Denominators reflect available data at each time point.

Primary outcome: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 11-17 - Conduct Problems Subscale

Time frame: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2). Mean (Standard Deviation). Unit: score on a scale

Measure	FamilyNet Smart Speaker/Mobile Application (Parent) n = 15	FamilyNet Smart Speaker/Mobile Application (Youth) n = 0
Pretest (T1)	2.53 (2.75)	–
Posttest (T2	1.93 (2.22)	–

FamilyNet Smart Speaker/Mobile Application (Parent): Mean Difference (Final Values): -0.60 (95% CI -1.53 to 0.33), p = 0.19, t-test, 2 sided

Population analysed: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire administered only to Parent Participants

Primary outcome: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 11-17 - Hyperactivity Subscale

Time frame: Time Frame: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2). Mean (Standard Deviation). Unit: score on a scale

Measure	FamilyNet Smart Speaker/Mobile Application (Parent) n = 15	FamilyNet Smart Speaker/Mobile Application (Youth) n = 0
Pretest (T1)	5.40 (3.14)	–
Posttest (T2)	4.87 (3.09)	–

FamilyNet Smart Speaker/Mobile Application (Parent): Mean Difference (Final Values): -0.53 (95% CI -1.97 to 0.90), p = 0.44, t-test, 2 sided

Population analysed: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire administered only in Parent arm

Primary outcome: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 11-17 - Peer Problems Subscale

Time frame: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2). Mean (Standard Deviation). Unit: score on a scale

Measure	FamilyNet Smart Speaker/Mobile Application (Parent) n = 15	FamilyNet Smart Speaker/Mobile Application (Youth) n = 0
Pretest (T1)	2.47 (2.59)	–
Posttest(T2)	2.80 (2.43)	–

FamilyNet Smart Speaker/Mobile Application (Parent): Mean Difference (Final Values): 0.33 (95% CI -0.21 to 0.87), p = 0.21, t-test, 2 sided

Population analysed: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire administered only in Parent arm.

10 secondary outcomes are reported in the full results.

Adverse events

Time frame: Adverse event data was collected from completion of consent form through the final 4 week assessment period.. Other adverse events reported at 0% frequency or more

Group	Serious adverse events	Other adverse events	Deaths
FamilyNet Smart Speaker/Mobile Application (Parent)	0 of 21 (0%)	0 of 21 (0%)	0 of 21
FamilyNet Smart Speaker/Mobile Application (Youth)	0 of 21 (0%)	0 of 21 (0%)	0 of 21

Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…

Research links

Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 14 May 2026.
Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
Background: PubMed 9255702Goodman R. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: a research note. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1997 Jul;38(5):581-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01545.x.
BackgroundBrooke, J. (1996). SUS-A quick and dirty usability scale. In P. W. Jordan, B. Thomas, B. A. Weerdmeester, & I. L. McClelland (Eds.), Usability evaluation in industry (Vol. 189, pp. 169-194). London, UK: Taylor & Francis.
BackgroundSauro, J. (2011). A practical guide to the system usability scale: Background, benchmarks & best practices. Denver, CO: Measuring Usability LLC.
BackgroundMetzler, C.W., Taylor, T.K., & Foster, E.M. (2006). Associations between specific parental discipline practices and specific dimensions of young children's behavior problems. Unpublished technical report.
BackgroundMetzler, C. W., Biglan, A., Ary, D. V., & Li, F. (1998). The stability and validity of early adolescents' reports of parenting constructs. Journal of Family Psychology, 12(4), 600-619.
Background: PubMed 541311Prinz RJ, Foster S, Kent RN, O'Leary KD. Multivariate assessment of conflict in distressed and nondistressed mother-adolescent dyads. J Appl Behav Anal. 1979 Winter;12(4):691-700. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1979.12-691.
BackgroundMoos, R. H., & Moos, B. A. (1986). Manual for the Family Environment Scale. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
BackgroundChamberlain, P., & Reid, J. B. (1987). Parent observation and report of child symptoms. Behavioral Assessment, 9(1), 97-109.

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Referral and contact

AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.

David R. Smith, PhD principal investigator

Oregon Research Behavioral Intervention Strategies, Inc.

1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 14 May 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 14 May 2026). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire 11-17 - Emotional Problems Subscale (time frame: Baseline (T1), 4 weeks after baseline (T2)). The study lists 11 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05535387, which also lists 8 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 14 May 2026.