WheelchairsNCT05564247
Wheelchair Skills Training for Children and Youth
A study testing Wheelchair Skills Training Program (WSTP) in people with Wheelchairs, run by Laval University at 3 sites in Canada.
Trial summary
Manual wheelchair (MWC) skills training is a critical component of wheelchair service provision. However, children and youth receive little to no training. MWC training effectively improves MWC skills, self-efficacy and satisfaction with participation (ie., facilitators of independent mobility and social… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 4 to 18 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Wheelchairs
- What is being tested?
- Wheelchair Skills Training Program (WSTP)
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 60 participants
- Where
- 3 sitesCanada
- Study dates
- 1 Jun 2022to 31 Mar 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 4 to 18 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult
Who may be able to join
- have their own Manual Wheelchair (MWC)
- able to self-propel MWC for a minimum distance of 10 metres, without assistance
- able to follow a two-step command (evaluated by person conducting eligibility screening)
Who cannot join
- anticipate health conditions/procedures that contraindicate training in the next 6 months (e.g. surgery)
- have a degenerative condition that is expected to progress quickly
- will be/ are attending MWC skills training
Trial locations and contacts
3 sites in 1 country.
Canada3 sites
IWK Health Centre
Halifax, Nova Scotia
CHU Ste-Justine
Montreal, Quebec
Universite Laval
Québec, Quebec, G1M2S8
About this study
Official title: Effectiveness of the Wheelchair Skills Training Program for Improving Wheelchair Skills and Related Rehabilitation Outcomes Among Children and Youth
Manual wheelchair (MWC) skills training is a critical component of wheelchair service provision. However, children and youth receive little to no training. MWC training effectively improves MWC skills, self-efficacy and satisfaction with participation (ie., facilitators of independent mobility and social participation) in adults. Independent mobility is especially critical for children, as it is associated with higher likelihood of employment and independent living in adulthood.
Despite evidence of an effective Wheelchair Skills Training Program (WSTP) for adults, very little research has been conducted in the area of wheelchair mobility for children and youth. Two small single-group studies suggest that MWC skills training improves wheelchair skills and satisfaction with participation among individuals ages 4-17 years when training was conducted by professionals (eg. clinicians) and non-professionals (eg. peer-trainers). However, there are no controlled trials documenting the effect of MWC skills training among children and no evidence of best training approaches.
Read more
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the WSTP for improving MWC skills, MWC confidence and participation outcomes among children and youth. A randomized controlled trial will establish efficacy of clinician led approaches to training, which may be implemented on a broader community-based scale in the future.
The results of this study will provide critical evidence for best practices for improving MWC mobility during childhood. Deliverables from this study will include MWC skills training tools for clinicians, that will be made freely available through an existing website. The results will support multi-site implementation trials and exploration of community-based approaches to wheelchair skills training for children and use.
Read the detailed description
Goal. Evaluate the efficacy of the Wheelchair Skills Training Program (WSTP) (ie. the current gold-standard among adults) for improving MWC skills (primary outcome), MWC activity, MWC use self-efficacy, satisfaction with participation, among children and youth ages 4 to 21 years. The influence of the WSTP on parents perception of their child's MWC skills and parent's satisfaction with participation will also be evaluated.
Background: Manual wheelchair (MWC) skills training is a critical component of service provision. Sixteen randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two meta-analyses demonstrate that a Wheelchair Skills Training Program (WSTP) effectively improves MWC skills among adults. Evidence also suggests that the WSTP can improve self-efficacy for using a MWC and satisfaction with participation (ie. facilitators of independent mobility and social participation). Among children and youth (5-17 years), two quasi-experimental trials have shown improved wheelchair skills and satisfaction with participation when the WSTP was conducted by both professionals (eg. occupational therapists, physiotherapists) and non-professionals (eg. peer-trainers). To date there are no experimental trials evaluating the efficacy of MWC skills training among children and youth, and there is limited evidence on the best approach to training.
Research aims: The purpose is to evaluate the efficacy of the WSTP, for improving wheelchair skills (primary outcome), parent-perceived wheelchair skills, satisfaction with participation in meaningful activities, wheelchair use self-efficacy, and health-related quality of life among children and youth, compared to usual wheelchair training practice, and to measure the retention of benefits 6 months later.
Methods: A 3-site (Quebec City, Montreal, Halifax) RCT will be conducted in both official languages. Forty-eight children and youth ages 4-21 years will be randomized (stratified by site and by age groups {ie. 4-7, 8-11, 12-16, and 17-21}) to the intervention group or control group. The intervention group will receive 10 sessions of the WSTP (modified for children and youth) facilitated by healthcare professionals (e.g., occupational therapists, physiatrists). The control group will receive an attention control and usual wheelchair provision and services at each site. Between-group analysis will be conducted with primary (wheelchair skills) and secondary outcomes (parent-perceived wheelchair skills, satisfaction with participation, self-efficacy and health-related quality of life and a 6-month follow-up will be conducted. Qualitative interviews will explore experiential aspects of participation.
Core expertise. World leaders in wheelchair skills training (ie, developers of the WSTP) form this pan-Canadian interdisciplinary team. The study team has expertise in administering the WSTP and all outcomes in English and French, implementation of multi-site RCTs, and recruitment of wheelchair users. Clinical and community collaborators are interested in adopting the WSTP for use in child and youth populations and have committed their support to this project.
Expected outcomes: Demonstrating the efficacy of the WSTP for children and youth will provide an evidence-based program that is ready for uptake by healthcare professionals and possibly scalable for community-based professionals and non-professionals across Canada and the world. Working with clinical and community partners will position us to negotiate knowledge dissemination and sustainability of an efficacious program. The WSTP may improve independent mobility, confidence and participation outcomes in children and youth of various ages, while reducing risk of injury and burden on parents and families. Independent mobility during childhood is associated with higher likelihood of employment and independent living in adulthood.
- Conditions
- Wheelchairs
- Being tested
- Wheelchair Skills Training Program (WSTP)
- Keywords
- manual wheelchair, manual wheelchair skills training, pediatrics, self efficacy, skills capacity, skills performance, satisfaction with participation, actigraphy
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Wheelchair Skills Training Program (WSTP)Behavioural
Participants will complete customized MWC skills training based on the evidence-based wheelchair skills program. Lessons plans will be created by the clinicians, children and parents participants based on goals, age, skills and interests, and used to customize the training.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental Group (WSTP) | Experimental | Participants will complete 12, 45-minute weekly sessions of WSTP delivered by clinicians with >5 years of experience working with children who use MWC. Trainers will customize each session based on the age group (child or adolescent) and training goals of each child as determined in session one. Subsequent sessions will begin with a 5-minute review of progress and socializing, followed by a 10-minute warm-up (random practice of the previously learned skills); 20 minutes of attempting new skills (training on each skill will be carried to next session until the skills are learned or until the trainer and participant mutually agree that training should be abandoned; the trainer will periodically ask the participant to practice newly learned skills to incorporate variability of practice); 10 minute cool-down, during which the participant will practice skills in a self-controlled environment. Age-appropriate considerations are incorporated into training materials Receives: Behavioral: Wheelchair Skills Training Program (WSTP) |
| Control Group (Attention) | No intervention | Participants will be attention-matched to mimic time and contacts of the experimental group. The control group will receive 12, 45-minute weekly sessions of 'Games and Activities' facilitated by healthcare professionals (e.g., occupational therapy/rehabilitation students) who will not be involved in the intervention or any other aspect of the study. The control group facilitator will mimic the same type of attention as the training at each site (i.e., sessions will be held at healthcare facilities and in the community (e.g., libraries, shopping centres, museums, parks). Facilitators will be equipped with current popular games and activities (according to social media and websites of popular children's stores) kits that include various board and card games, hand-eye coordination games, active games, cognitive activities, and arts and crafts suitable for children and adolescents to ensure interest and acceptability for all participants. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Wheelchair Skills Test Version 5.3.1 for MWC users
Change in MWC skills capacity (i.e., what a person can do in a standardized environment), and frequency of performance will be assessed using the Wheelchair Skills Test (WST). Each item is scored on a scale from 0 to 3, with 0= not capable to perform the skill (or not safely), 1 = can perform the skill partially; 2= can perform the skill (but has room for improvement); 3= can perform the skill at an expert level. A percent score is calculated, with higher percentage = higher skills.
Measured: Baseline (T1); immediately post intervention up to 12 weeks after baseline (T2); 6-months follow-up (T3)
Secondary outcomes (4)
Manual Wheelchair Activity (Actigraph)
Change in objective MWC activity will be collected to triangulate measurement of improvement in MWC skills and engagement in community activities using a triaxial accelerometer (Actigraph GT3X, Pensacola FL).
Measured: Baseline (T1); immediately post intervention up to 12 weeks after baseline (T2); 6-months follow-up (T3)
Parents Perception of Child's MWC Capacity and Performance Version 5.2.1
Change in parents' ratings of their child's performance each of the 33 skills on the Wheelchair Skills Test-Questionnaire. Each item is scored on a scale from 0 to 3, with 0= not capable to perform the skill (or not safely), 1 = can perform the skill partially; 2= can perform the skill (but has room for improvement); 3= can perform the skill at an expert level. A percent score is calculated, with higher percentage = higher skills.
Measured: Baseline (T1); immediately post intervention up to 12 weeks after baseline (T2); 6-months follow-up (T3)
MWC Use Confidence Scale (Wheel use confidence scale)
Change in perceived self-efficacy for wheelchair use is rated on a 33-item scale, where children rate their level of confidence on a scale from 0 to 10. Each item is scored on a scale from 0 to 10, with 0= not confident at all, 10 = very confident. A percent score is calculated. Higher percentage = higher confidence.
Measured: Baseline (T1); immediately post intervention up to 12 weeks after baseline (T2); 6-months follow-up (T3)
The Wheelchair Outcome Measure for Young People (WhOM-YP)
Change in ratings of satisfaction with social participation and activity performances in a wheelchair is evaluated using a semi-structured questionnaire, in which participants identify personal goals that require the use of a wheelchair (e.g., preparing meals, playing with friends at school). Parents and children can each develop up to 5 indoor goals and 5 outdoor goals. Each goal is rated for level of importance (scale from 0 to 10) and level of satisfaction (scale from 0 to 10). Importance and frequency scores are multiples to give a score out of 100, and an average score is calculated with the denominator dependent on the number of goals. A percentage score is calculated with higher scores indicative of higher satisfaction with goal attainment.
Measured: Baseline (T1); immediately post intervention up to 12 weeks after baseline (T2); 6-months follow-up (T3)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted3 Oct 2022
- Study start1 Jun 2022
- Primary completion24 Jul 2025
- Study completion31 Mar 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for WheelchairsStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Laval UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- A three-site, single-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT)
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Laval University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Krista Best, PhD, Principal investigator, Universite Laval
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05564247
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- WSP-Ped2021
- Status last verified
- Sep 2025
- First submitted
- 14 Jun 2022
- Last updated
- 29 Sep 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Best KL, Rushton PW, Sheriko J, Arbour-Nicitopoulos KP, Dib T, Kirby RL, Lamontagne ME, Moore SA, Ouellet B, Routhier F. Effectiveness of wheelchair skills training for improving manual wheelchair mobility in children and adolescents: protocol for a multicenter randomized waitlist-controlled trial. BMC Pediatr. 2023 Sep 26;23(1):485. doi: 10.1186/s12887-023-04303-8.
PubMed 37752480
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 29 Sep 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effectiveness of the Wheelchair Skills Training Program for Improving Wheelchair Skills and Related Rehabilitation Outcomes Among Children and Youth
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05564247
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- WSP-Ped2021
- Conditions
- Wheelchairs
- Keywords
- manual wheelchair, manual wheelchair skills training, pediatrics, self efficacy, skills capacity, skills performance, satisfaction with participation, actigraphy
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Active, not recruiting
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Laval UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jun 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 24 Jul 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 31 Mar 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 3 Oct 2022 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Manual wheelchair (MWC) skills training is a critical component of wheelchair service provision. However, children and youth receive little to no training. MWC training effectively improves MWC skills, self-efficacy and satisfaction with participation (ie., facilitators of independent mobility and social participation) in adults. Independent mobility is especially critical for children, as it is associated with higher likelihood of employment and independent living in adulthood.
Despite evidence of an effective Wheelchair Skills Training Program (WSTP) for adults, very little research has been conducted in the area of wheelchair mobility for children and youth. Two small single-group studies suggest that MWC skills training improves wheelchair skills and satisfaction with participation among individuals ages 4-17 years when training was conducted by professionals (eg. clinicians) and non-professionals (eg. peer-trainers). However, there are no controlled trials documenting the effect of MWC skills training among children and no evidence of best training approaches.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the WSTP for improving MWC skills, MWC confidence and participation outcomes among children and youth. A randomized controlled trial will establish efficacy of clinician led approaches to training, which may be implemented on a broader community-based scale in the future.
The results of this study will provide critical evidence for best practices for improving MWC mobility during childhood. Deliverables from this study will include MWC skills training tools for clinicians, that will be made freely available through an existing website. The results will support multi-site implementation trials and exploration of community-based approaches to wheelchair skills training for children and use.
Detailed description
Goal. Evaluate the efficacy of the Wheelchair Skills Training Program (WSTP) (ie. the current gold-standard among adults) for improving MWC skills (primary outcome), MWC activity, MWC use self-efficacy, satisfaction with participation, among children and youth ages 4 to 21 years. The influence of the WSTP on parents perception of their child's MWC skills and parent's satisfaction with participation will also be evaluated.
Background: Manual wheelchair (MWC) skills training is a critical component of service provision. Sixteen randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two meta-analyses demonstrate that a Wheelchair Skills Training Program (WSTP) effectively improves MWC skills among adults. Evidence also suggests that the WSTP can improve self-efficacy for using a MWC and satisfaction with participation (ie. facilitators of independent mobility and social participation). Among children and youth (5-17 years), two quasi-experimental trials have shown improved wheelchair skills and satisfaction with participation when the WSTP was conducted by both professionals (eg. occupational therapists, physiotherapists) and non-professionals (eg. peer-trainers). To date there are no experimental trials evaluating the efficacy of MWC skills training among children and youth, and there is limited evidence on the best approach to training.
Research aims: The purpose is to evaluate the efficacy of the WSTP, for improving wheelchair skills (primary outcome), parent-perceived wheelchair skills, satisfaction with participation in meaningful activities, wheelchair use self-efficacy, and health-related quality of life among children and youth, compared to usual wheelchair training practice, and to measure the retention of benefits 6 months later.
Methods: A 3-site (Quebec City, Montreal, Halifax) RCT will be conducted in both official languages. Forty-eight children and youth ages 4-21 years will be randomized (stratified by site and by age groups {ie. 4-7, 8-11, 12-16, and 17-21}) to the intervention group or control group. The intervention group will receive 10 sessions of the WSTP (modified for children and youth) facilitated by healthcare professionals (e.g., occupational therapists, physiatrists). The control group will receive an attention control and usual wheelchair provision and services at each site. Between-group analysis will be conducted with primary (wheelchair skills) and secondary outcomes (parent-perceived wheelchair skills, satisfaction with participation, self-efficacy and health-related quality of life and a 6-month follow-up will be conducted. Qualitative interviews will explore experiential aspects of participation.
Core expertise. World leaders in wheelchair skills training (ie, developers of the WSTP) form this pan-Canadian interdisciplinary team. The study team has expertise in administering the WSTP and all outcomes in English and French, implementation of multi-site RCTs, and recruitment of wheelchair users. Clinical and community collaborators are interested in adopting the WSTP for use in child and youth populations and have committed their support to this project.
Expected outcomes: Demonstrating the efficacy of the WSTP for children and youth will provide an evidence-based program that is ready for uptake by healthcare professionals and possibly scalable for community-based professionals and non-professionals across Canada and the world. Working with clinical and community partners will position us to negotiate knowledge dissemination and sustainability of an efficacious program. The WSTP may improve independent mobility, confidence and participation outcomes in children and youth of various ages, while reducing risk of injury and burden on parents and families. Independent mobility during childhood is associated with higher likelihood of employment and independent living in adulthood.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, care provider)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- A three-site, single-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT)
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental Group (WSTP) | Experimental | Behavioral: Wheelchair Skills Training Program (WSTP)Participants will complete 12, 45-minute weekly sessions of WSTP delivered by clinicians with >5 years of experience working with children who use MWC. Trainers will customize each session based on the age group (child or adolescent) and training goals of each child as determined in session one. Subsequent sessions will begin with a 5-minute review of progress and socializing, followed by a 10-minute warm-up (random practice of the previously learned skills); 20 minutes of attempting new skills (training on each skill will be carried to next session until the skills are learned or until the trainer and participant mutually agree that training should be abandoned; the trainer will periodically ask the participant to practice newly learned skills to incorporate variability of practice); 10 minute cool-down, during which the participant will practice skills in a self-controlled environment. Age-appropriate considerations are incorporated into training materials |
| Control Group (Attention) | No intervention | –Participants will be attention-matched to mimic time and contacts of the experimental group. The control group will receive 12, 45-minute weekly sessions of 'Games and Activities' facilitated by healthcare professionals (e.g., occupational therapy/rehabilitation students) who will not be involved in the intervention or any other aspect of the study. The control group facilitator will mimic the same type of attention as the training at each site (i.e., sessions will be held at healthcare facilities and in the community (e.g., libraries, shopping centres, museums, parks). Facilitators will be equipped with current popular games and activities (according to social media and websites of popular children's stores) kits that include various board and card games, hand-eye coordination games, active games, cognitive activities, and arts and crafts suitable for children and adolescents to ensure interest and acceptability for all participants. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 4 to 18 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- have their own Manual Wheelchair (MWC)
- able to self-propel MWC for a minimum distance of 10 metres, without assistance
- able to follow a two-step command (evaluated by person conducting eligibility screening)
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- anticipate health conditions/procedures that contraindicate training in the next 6 months (e.g. surgery)
- have a degenerative condition that is expected to progress quickly
- will be/ are attending MWC skills training
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Wheelchair Skills Training Program (WSTP)Participants will complete customized MWC skills training based on the evidence-based wheelchair skills program. Lessons plans will be created by the clinicians, children and parents participants based on goals, age, skills and interests, and used to customize the training. | Behavioural | Experimental Group (WSTP) |
Primary outcome
Wheelchair Skills Test Version 5.3.1 for MWC users
Time frame: Baseline (T1); immediately post intervention up to 12 weeks after baseline (T2); 6-months follow-up (T3)
Change in MWC skills capacity (i.e., what a person can do in a standardized environment), and frequency of performance will be assessed using the Wheelchair Skills Test (WST). Each item is scored on a scale from 0 to 3, with 0= not capable to perform the skill (or not safely), 1 = can perform the skill partially; 2= can perform the skill (but has room for improvement); 3= can perform the skill at an expert level. A percent score is calculated, with higher percentage = higher skills.
4 secondary outcomes
Manual Wheelchair Activity (Actigraph)
Time frame: Baseline (T1); immediately post intervention up to 12 weeks after baseline (T2); 6-months follow-up (T3)
Parents Perception of Child's MWC Capacity and Performance Version 5.2.1
Time frame: Baseline (T1); immediately post intervention up to 12 weeks after baseline (T2); 6-months follow-up (T3)
MWC Use Confidence Scale (Wheel use confidence scale)
Time frame: Baseline (T1); immediately post intervention up to 12 weeks after baseline (T2); 6-months follow-up (T3)
The Wheelchair Outcome Measure for Young People (WhOM-YP)
Time frame: Baseline (T1); immediately post intervention up to 12 weeks after baseline (T2); 6-months follow-up (T3)
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 29 Sep 2025.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 37752480Best KL, Rushton PW, Sheriko J, Arbour-Nicitopoulos KP, Dib T, Kirby RL, Lamontagne ME, Moore SA, Ouellet B, Routhier F. Effectiveness of wheelchair skills training for improving manual wheelchair mobility in children and adolescents: protocol for a multicenter randomized waitlist-controlled trial. BMC Pediatr. 2023 Sep 26;23(1):485. doi: 10.1186/s12887-023-04303-8.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Krista Best, PhD principal investigator
Universite Laval
3 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Wheelchair Skills Training Program (WSTP) in people with Wheelchairs, run by Laval University at 3 sites in Canada.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: under way, not looking for participants, as of the sponsor's last update on 29 Sep 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 3 sites in Canada. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Wheelchair Skills Test Version 5.3.1 for MWC users (time frame: Baseline (T1); immediately post intervention up to 12 weeks after baseline (T2); 6-months follow-up (T3)). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05564247, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 29 Sep 2025.