ViolenceR-CITYNCT05585918
The R-CITY Project: A Collaborative Intervention With Teachers and Youth
A study testing Second Step + R-CITY and Second Step Only in people with Violence, run by University of Virginia at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
"R-CITY" refers to the Collaborative Intervention with Teachers and Youth to practice and apply the 4 "Rs" of social skills in the classroom - Recognizing, Responding, Relationships, and Resilience. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Violence
- What is being tested?
- Second Step + R-CITY and Second Step Only
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 145 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 15 Sep 2021to 30 Nov 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- General education teachers of core subjects (Mathematics, Science, Social Studies, English/Language Arts).
Who cannot join
None listed.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: R-CITY: A Collaborative Intervention With Teachers and Youth
"R-CITY" refers to the Collaborative Intervention with Teachers and Youth to practice and apply the 4 "Rs" of social skills in the classroom - Recognizing, Responding, Relationships, and Resilience. R-CITY is a collaborative teacher- and youth-focused prevention intervention that offers student lessons to accompany the Second Step curriculum. The lessons are designed to create safe and positive learning environments for all.
The R-CITY Project uses a school-level randomized controlled trial (RCT) design to test the integration of the Second Step program that the school district had been scaling up district wide with the R-CITY lessons. The purpose of the RCT is to determine the "value-added" of the Second Step program plus the new skill content compared to the Second Step alone in elementary and middle schools. Students in both conditions get access to the Second Step content, as an active control condition.
Read the detailed description
The study aims to test the R-CITY intervention in 27 elementary and middle schools. Specific aims are as follows: Aim 1 is to test the effects of the integrated R-CITY intervention on attitudes. Aim 2 is to test the effects of the integrated R-CITY intervention on classroom practices and teaching self-efficacy. Aim 3 is to test the effects of the integrated R-CITY intervention on student behaviors. Outcomes are assessed at pre-test in the fall and post-test in the spring, over the course of the school year.
- Conditions
- Violence
- Being tested
- Second Step + R-CITY, Second Step Only
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Second Step + R-CITYBehavioural
Also called R-CITY Intervention
For the Second Step + R-CITY (experimental) condition schools, activities include those in the Second Step Only condition, as well as student lessons designed by the project team, as well as training and individualized support for implementing classroom lessons, five 45-minute professional development sessions, and one-on-one coaching to support teacher practices and the implementation of the 6 classroom lessons.
Second Step OnlyBehavioural
For the Second Step Only (active comparator) condition schools, activities involve school-wide technical assistance and implementation support for the Second Step program implementation, as well as individualized technical assistance for the Second Step program. In the year following participation, Second Step Only condition schools are offered access to and training and technical support for the classroom lessons.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Second Step Only | Active comparator | Second Step Only Condition supports include:
* School wide support for implementation of Second Step curriculum (e.g., technical assistance professional development, facilitated professional learning communities)
* Support to Positive Behavioral Intervention and Supports (PBIS) and Multi Tiered System of Supports (MTSS) with alignment of initiatives
* Individualized technical assistance with Second Step program implementation Receives: Behavioral: Second Step Only |
| Second Step + R-CITY | Experimental | Second Step + R-CITY supports include supports from the Second Step Only condition plus:
* Training and implementation support for teachers to deliver 6 student lessons tailored to each grade level (4th and 5th for elementary schools; 6th - 8th for middle schools) and aligned with Second Step core content
* Five 45-minute school-wide Professional Development (PD) sessions to complement the school district's PD
* Individualized teacher coaching to support implementing teacher practices and classroom lessons Receives: Behavioral: Second Step + R-CITY |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
ASSIST Classroom Observations
The ASSIST is a direct observational measure that assesses the classroom interactions between students and teachers. Observation cycles are 15 minutes and scales include tallied counts of teacher and student behaviors, as well as global ratings of interactions based on a Likert-style scale.
Measured: Post-intervention, within one month following the completion of the intervention.
Secondary outcomes (2)
R-CITY Teacher Self-Report Survey
This survey assesses teachers' cultural competence and self-efficacy. Each item on this scale was scored on a 6-point Likert-type scale where 1 is strongly disagree and 6 is strongly agree.
Measured: Post-intervention, within one month following the completion of the intervention.
Suspensions
School-level student suspensions (publicly reported and accessible).
Measured: Post-intervention, within one month following the completion of the intervention.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted19 Oct 2022
- Study start15 Sep 2021
- Primary completion16 Jun 2025
- Study completion30 Nov 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for ViolenceStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- School-level randomization of teachers to arm.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 145 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Virginia
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Sheppard Pratt Health System, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD)
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Catherine Bradshaw, University of Virginia
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05585918
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- SBS2232
- Acronym
- R-CITY
- Status last verified
- Jan 2026
- First submitted
- 7 Oct 2022
- Last updated
- 12 Jan 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 12 Jan 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- R-CITY: A Collaborative Intervention With Teachers and Youth
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05585918
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- R-CITY / SBS2232
- Conditions
- Violence
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Active, not recruiting
- Enrolment
- 145 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of VirginiaUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Sheppard Pratt Health System, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD)
- Study start
- 15 Sep 2021 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 16 Jun 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Nov 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 19 Oct 2022 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
"R-CITY" refers to the Collaborative Intervention with Teachers and Youth to practice and apply the 4 "Rs" of social skills in the classroom - Recognizing, Responding, Relationships, and Resilience. R-CITY is a collaborative teacher- and youth-focused prevention intervention that offers student lessons to accompany the Second Step curriculum. The lessons are designed to create safe and positive learning environments for all.
The R-CITY Project uses a school-level randomized controlled trial (RCT) design to test the integration of the Second Step program that the school district had been scaling up district wide with the R-CITY lessons. The purpose of the RCT is to determine the "value-added" of the Second Step program plus the new skill content compared to the Second Step alone in elementary and middle schools. Students in both conditions get access to the Second Step content, as an active control condition.
Detailed description
The study aims to test the R-CITY intervention in 27 elementary and middle schools. Specific aims are as follows: Aim 1 is to test the effects of the integrated R-CITY intervention on attitudes. Aim 2 is to test the effects of the integrated R-CITY intervention on classroom practices and teaching self-efficacy. Aim 3 is to test the effects of the integrated R-CITY intervention on student behaviors. Outcomes are assessed at pre-test in the fall and post-test in the spring, over the course of the school year.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- School-level randomization of teachers to arm.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Second Step Only | Active comparator | Behavioral: Second Step OnlySecond Step Only Condition supports include: * School wide support for implementation of Second Step curriculum (e.g., technical assistance professional development, facilitated professional learning communities) * Support to Positive Behavioral Intervention and Supports (PBIS) and Multi Tiered System of Supports (MTSS) with alignment of initiatives * Individualized technical assistance with Second Step program implementation |
| Second Step + R-CITY | Experimental | Behavioral: Second Step + R-CITYSecond Step + R-CITY supports include supports from the Second Step Only condition plus: * Training and implementation support for teachers to deliver 6 student lessons tailored to each grade level (4th and 5th for elementary schools; 6th - 8th for middle schools) and aligned with Second Step core content * Five 45-minute school-wide Professional Development (PD) sessions to complement the school district's PD * Individualized teacher coaching to support implementing teacher practices and classroom lessons |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- General education teachers of core subjects (Mathematics, Science, Social Studies, English/Language Arts).
Key exclusion criteria (0 listed)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Second Step + R-CITYAlso: R-CITY InterventionFor the Second Step + R-CITY (experimental) condition schools, activities include those in the Second Step Only condition, as well as student lessons designed by the project team, as well as training and individualized support for implementing classroom lessons, five 45-minute professional development sessions, and one-on-one coaching to support teacher practices and the implementation of the 6 classroom lessons. | Behavioural | Second Step + R-CITY |
| Second Step OnlyFor the Second Step Only (active comparator) condition schools, activities involve school-wide technical assistance and implementation support for the Second Step program implementation, as well as individualized technical assistance for the Second Step program. In the year following participation, Second Step Only condition schools are offered access to and training and technical support for the classroom lessons. | Behavioural | Second Step Only |
Primary outcome
ASSIST Classroom Observations
Time frame: Post-intervention, within one month following the completion of the intervention.
The ASSIST is a direct observational measure that assesses the classroom interactions between students and teachers. Observation cycles are 15 minutes and scales include tallied counts of teacher and student behaviors, as well as global ratings of interactions based on a Likert-style scale.
2 secondary outcomes
R-CITY Teacher Self-Report Survey
Time frame: Post-intervention, within one month following the completion of the intervention.
Suspensions
Time frame: Post-intervention, within one month following the completion of the intervention.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 12 Jan 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Second Step + R-CITY and Second Step Only in people with Violence, run by University of Virginia at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 0 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: under way, not looking for participants, as of the sponsor's last update on 12 Jan 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
ASSIST Classroom Observations (time frame: Post-intervention, within one month following the completion of the intervention.). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 12 Jan 2026.