Opioid Use DisorderOUDInsomniaNCT05588726
Improving Insomnia in Patients With Opioid Use Disorder
A study testing Sleep Hygiene and Mindfulness in people with Opioid Use Disorder and Insomnia, run by University of Pennsylvania at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
This randomized, 35-day research study (n=20) explores the effects of a simplified mindfulness intervention in opioid use disorder patients stabilized on buprenorphine maintenance therapy (BMT), aiming to alleviate insomnia, monitor BMT dose, and decrease non-prescribed opioid use. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Opioid Use Disorder, Insomnia
- What is being tested?
- Sleep Hygiene and Mindfulness
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 0 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 1 Jan 2022to 23 May 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Age greater than 18
- Diagnosed with Opioid Use Disorder
- Stable on Buprenorphine Maintenance Therapy for at least 4 weeks
- At least 3 nights of greater than 30 minutes of sleep onset latency
- Speak English above 6th grade level
- Access to smart device
Who cannot join
- Inability to communicate verbally
- Involved in another insomnia study
- Medical or other factors that in the opinion of the study research team would interfere with their ability to participate in the intervention
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104
About this study
Official title: Behavioral Intervention to Improve Insomnia Symptoms in Patients With Opioid Use Disorder
This randomized, 35-day research study (n=20) explores the effects of a simplified mindfulness intervention in opioid use disorder patients stabilized on buprenorphine maintenance therapy (BMT), aiming to alleviate insomnia, monitor BMT dose, and decrease non-prescribed opioid use. Patients tap along with their breathing at bedtime and practice sleep hygiene; controls do sleep hygiene only. Adherence will be monitored by a smartphone application.
Read the detailed description
This research study is exploring the effects of a simplified mindfulness intervention in patients with opioid use disorder who are stabilized on buprenorphine maintenance therapy. This study aims to improve their sleep quality, monitor changes in buprenorphine dose, and decrease the frequency of non-prescribed opioids use. We will be enrolling a total of 20 patients who are above 18 years of age and have insomnia symptoms, opioid use disorder, and access to a smartphone. Patients will be asked to utilize a smartphone application which will allow us to monitor adherence; they will be asked to tap on the screen in time with their breathing before bedtime. Buprenorphine maintenance therapy is used to treat opioid use disorder (the buprenorphine will be prescribed by their healthcare provider as part of their standard clinical care and is not a research study intervention) by minimizing withdrawal symptoms, but symptoms of insomnia often persist. Symptoms of insomnia include difficulty falling/staying asleep, anxiety regarding sleep, or daytime sleepiness.
- Conditions
- Opioid Use Disorder, Insomnia
- Being tested
- Sleep Hygiene, Mindfulness
- Keywords
- Mindfulness
- Medical subject headings
- Opioid-Related Disorders, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Sleep HygieneBehavioural
Once weekly coaching calls with advice on sleep hygiene
MindfulnessBehavioural
Once weekly coaching calls with advice on mindfulness
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Sleep Hygiene | Active comparator | Not described Receives: Behavioral: Sleep Hygiene |
| Mindfulness | Experimental | Not described Receives: Behavioral: Sleep Hygiene; Behavioral: Mindfulness |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Sleep Onset Latency
Time to fall asleep as derived from the Sleep Diary
Measured: Day 28
Secondary outcomes (2)
Non-Prescribed Opioid Use
Non-Prescribed Opioid Use Questionnaire
Measured: Days -1, 7, 14, and 28
Daytime Cravings
Smartphone app usage during the day
Measured: Days 1 through 14
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted20 Oct 2022
- Study start1 Jan 2022
- Primary completion23 May 2023
- Study completion23 May 2023
Why it stopped: Staff no longer available to continue enrollment and other research activities
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (14)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Opioid Use DisorderStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of PennsylvaniaThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- This will be conducted as a parallel, single-blinded pilot study for reducing insomnia among patients with opioid use disorder who are stabilized on buprenorphine maintenance therapy. All subjects will participate in some form of insomnia treatment over a fourteen-day period (either the mindfulness relaxation therapy with sleep hygiene or only sleep hygiene for controls). Consent and screening will occur on Day -7, and the sleep diary will be assigned for baseline measurement. Randomization and survey baseline measurements from eligible participants will occur on Day -1, and participants will be randomized into one of two arms: one arm consisting of only the sleep hygiene intervention and the other consisting of both the sleep hygiene and mindfulness interventions. On Day 28, two weeks post-intervention(s), surveys will be emailed to participants to track any changes in sleep quality, mean buprenorphine dose, and frequency of non-prescribed opioid use.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 0 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Pennsylvania
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Nalaka Gooneratne, MD, MSc, Principal investigator, University of Pennsylvania
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05588726
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 844147
- Acronym
- OUDInsomnia
- Status last verified
- May 2023
- First submitted
- 13 Oct 2022
- Last updated
- 25 May 2023
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Ardame A, Bassaknejad S, Zargard Y, Rokni P, Sayyah M. Examine the Relationship between Mindfulness and Drug Craving in Addicts Undergoing Methadone Maintenance Treatment. Iran J Public Health. 2014 Mar;43(3):349-54.
PubMed 25988095Chakravorty S, Vandrey RG, He S, Stein MD. Sleep Management Among Patients with Substance Use Disorders. Med Clin North Am. 2018 Jul;102(4):733-743. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2018.02.012.
PubMed 29933826Dimsdale JE, Norman D, DeJardin D, Wallace MS. The effect of opioids on sleep architecture. J Clin Sleep Med. 2007 Feb 15;3(1):33-6.
PubMed 17557450Dunn KE, Finan PH, Andrew Tompkins D, Strain EC. Frequency and correlates of sleep disturbance in methadone and buprenorphine-maintained patients. Addict Behav. 2018 Jan;76:8-14. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.07.016. Epub 2017 Jul 14.
PubMed 28735039Eacret D, Veasey SC, Blendy JA. Bidirectional Relationship between Opioids and Disrupted Sleep: Putative Mechanisms. Mol Pharmacol. 2020 Oct;98(4):445-453. doi: 10.1124/mol.119.119107. Epub 2020 Mar 20.
PubMed 32198209Garland EL, Hanley AW, Kline A, Cooperman NA. Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement reduces opioid craving among individuals with opioid use disorder and chronic pain in medication assisted treatment: Ecological momentary assessments from a stage 1 randomized controlled trial. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2019 Oct 1;203:61-65. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.07.007. Epub 2019 Aug 5.
PubMed 31404850Hallinan R, Elsayed M, Espinoza D, Veillard AS, Morley KC, Lintzeris N, Haber P. Insomnia and excessive daytime sleepiness in women and men receiving methadone and buprenorphine maintenance treatment. Subst Use Misuse. 2019;54(10):1589-1598. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2018.1552298. Epub 2019 May 26.
PubMed 31131668Kasasbeh E, Chi DS, Krishnaswamy G. Inflammatory aspects of sleep apnea and their cardiovascular consequences. South Med J. 2006 Jan;99(1):58-67; quiz 68-9, 81. doi: 10.1097/01.smj.0000197705.99639.50.
PubMed 16466124Khusid MA, Vythilingam M. The Emerging Role of Mindfulness Meditation as Effective Self-Management Strategy, Part 2: Clinical Implications for Chronic Pain, Substance Misuse, and Insomnia. Mil Med. 2016 Sep;181(9):969-75. doi: 10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00678.
PubMed 27612339Knutson KL, Ryden AM, Mander BA, Van Cauter E. Role of sleep duration and quality in the risk and severity of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Arch Intern Med. 2006 Sep 18;166(16):1768-74. doi: 10.1001/archinte.166.16.1768.
PubMed 16983057Kreek MJ, Reed B, Butelman ER. Current status of opioid addiction treatment and related preclinical research. Sci Adv. 2019 Oct 2;5(10):eaax9140. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aax9140. eCollection 2019 Oct.
PubMed 31616793Lydon-Staley DM, Cleveland HH, Huhn AS, Cleveland MJ, Harris J, Stankoski D, Deneke E, Meyer RE, Bunce SC. Daily sleep quality affects drug craving, partially through indirect associations with positive affect, in patients in treatment for nonmedical use of prescription drugs. Addict Behav. 2017 Feb;65:275-282. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.08.026. Epub 2016 Aug 15.
PubMed 27544697Serdarevic M, Osborne V, Striley CW, Cottler LB. The association between insomnia and prescription opioid use: results from a community sample in Northeast Florida. Sleep Health. 2017 Oct;3(5):368-372. doi: 10.1016/j.sleh.2017.07.007. Epub 2017 Aug 10.
PubMed 28923194Zimmerman M, McGlinchey JB, Young D, Chelminski I. Diagnosing major depressive disorder I: A psychometric evaluation of the DSM-IV symptom criteria. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2006 Mar;194(3):158-63. doi: 10.1097/01.nmd.0000202239.20315.16.
PubMed 16534432
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 25 May 2023. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Behavioral Intervention to Improve Insomnia Symptoms in Patients With Opioid Use Disorder
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05588726
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- OUDInsomnia / 844147
- Conditions
- Opioid Use Disorder, Insomnia
- Keywords
- Mindfulness
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- WithdrawnReason stopped: Staff no longer available to continue enrollment and other research activities
- Enrolment
- 0 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of PennsylvaniaUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jan 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 23 May 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 23 May 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 20 Oct 2022 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This randomized, 35-day research study (n=20) explores the effects of a simplified mindfulness intervention in opioid use disorder patients stabilized on buprenorphine maintenance therapy (BMT), aiming to alleviate insomnia, monitor BMT dose, and decrease non-prescribed opioid use. Patients tap along with their breathing at bedtime and practice sleep hygiene; controls do sleep hygiene only. Adherence will be monitored by a smartphone application.
Detailed description
This research study is exploring the effects of a simplified mindfulness intervention in patients with opioid use disorder who are stabilized on buprenorphine maintenance therapy. This study aims to improve their sleep quality, monitor changes in buprenorphine dose, and decrease the frequency of non-prescribed opioids use. We will be enrolling a total of 20 patients who are above 18 years of age and have insomnia symptoms, opioid use disorder, and access to a smartphone. Patients will be asked to utilize a smartphone application which will allow us to monitor adherence; they will be asked to tap on the screen in time with their breathing before bedtime. Buprenorphine maintenance therapy is used to treat opioid use disorder (the buprenorphine will be prescribed by their healthcare provider as part of their standard clinical care and is not a research study intervention) by minimizing withdrawal symptoms, but symptoms of insomnia often persist. Symptoms of insomnia include difficulty falling/staying asleep, anxiety regarding sleep, or daytime sleepiness.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- This will be conducted as a parallel, single-blinded pilot study for reducing insomnia among patients with opioid use disorder who are stabilized on buprenorphine maintenance therapy. All subjects will participate in some form of insomnia treatment over a fourteen-day period (either the mindfulness relaxation therapy with sleep hygiene or only sleep hygiene for controls). Consent and screening will occur on Day -7, and the sleep diary will be assigned for baseline measurement. Randomization and survey baseline measurements from eligible participants will occur on Day -1, and participants will be randomized into one of two arms: one arm consisting of only the sleep hygiene intervention and the other consisting of both the sleep hygiene and mindfulness interventions. On Day 28, two weeks post-intervention(s), surveys will be emailed to participants to track any changes in sleep quality, mean buprenorphine dose, and frequency of non-prescribed opioid use.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Sleep Hygiene | Active comparator | Behavioral: Sleep Hygiene |
| Mindfulness | Experimental | Behavioral: Sleep Hygiene, Behavioral: Mindfulness |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Age greater than 18
- Diagnosed with Opioid Use Disorder
- Stable on Buprenorphine Maintenance Therapy for at least 4 weeks
- At least 3 nights of greater than 30 minutes of sleep onset latency
- Speak English above 6th grade level
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Inability to communicate verbally
- Involved in another insomnia study
- Medical or other factors that in the opinion of the study research team would interfere with their ability to participate in the intervention
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Sleep HygieneOnce weekly coaching calls with advice on sleep hygiene | Behavioural | Mindfulness, Sleep Hygiene |
| MindfulnessOnce weekly coaching calls with advice on mindfulness | Behavioural | Mindfulness |
Primary outcome
Sleep Onset Latency
Time frame: Day 28
Time to fall asleep as derived from the Sleep Diary
2 secondary outcomes
Non-Prescribed Opioid Use
Time frame: Days -1, 7, 14, and 28
Daytime Cravings
Time frame: Days 1 through 14
Results and safety
The study was withdrawn before enrolling participants, so there are no results.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 25 May 2023.
- Background: PubMed 25988095Ardame A, Bassaknejad S, Zargard Y, Rokni P, Sayyah M. Examine the Relationship between Mindfulness and Drug Craving in Addicts Undergoing Methadone Maintenance Treatment. Iran J Public Health. 2014 Mar;43(3):349-54.
- Background: PubMed 29933826Chakravorty S, Vandrey RG, He S, Stein MD. Sleep Management Among Patients with Substance Use Disorders. Med Clin North Am. 2018 Jul;102(4):733-743. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2018.02.012.
- Background: PubMed 17557450Dimsdale JE, Norman D, DeJardin D, Wallace MS. The effect of opioids on sleep architecture. J Clin Sleep Med. 2007 Feb 15;3(1):33-6.
- Background: PubMed 28735039Dunn KE, Finan PH, Andrew Tompkins D, Strain EC. Frequency and correlates of sleep disturbance in methadone and buprenorphine-maintained patients. Addict Behav. 2018 Jan;76:8-14. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.07.016. Epub 2017 Jul 14.
- Background: PubMed 32198209Eacret D, Veasey SC, Blendy JA. Bidirectional Relationship between Opioids and Disrupted Sleep: Putative Mechanisms. Mol Pharmacol. 2020 Oct;98(4):445-453. doi: 10.1124/mol.119.119107. Epub 2020 Mar 20.
- Background: PubMed 31404850Garland EL, Hanley AW, Kline A, Cooperman NA. Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement reduces opioid craving among individuals with opioid use disorder and chronic pain in medication assisted treatment: Ecological momentary assessments from a stage 1 randomized controlled trial. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2019 Oct 1;203:61-65. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.07.007. Epub 2019 Aug 5.
- Background: PubMed 31131668Hallinan R, Elsayed M, Espinoza D, Veillard AS, Morley KC, Lintzeris N, Haber P. Insomnia and excessive daytime sleepiness in women and men receiving methadone and buprenorphine maintenance treatment. Subst Use Misuse. 2019;54(10):1589-1598. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2018.1552298. Epub 2019 May 26.
- Background: PubMed 16466124Kasasbeh E, Chi DS, Krishnaswamy G. Inflammatory aspects of sleep apnea and their cardiovascular consequences. South Med J. 2006 Jan;99(1):58-67; quiz 68-9, 81. doi: 10.1097/01.smj.0000197705.99639.50.
- Background: PubMed 27612339Khusid MA, Vythilingam M. The Emerging Role of Mindfulness Meditation as Effective Self-Management Strategy, Part 2: Clinical Implications for Chronic Pain, Substance Misuse, and Insomnia. Mil Med. 2016 Sep;181(9):969-75. doi: 10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00678.
- Background: PubMed 16983057Knutson KL, Ryden AM, Mander BA, Van Cauter E. Role of sleep duration and quality in the risk and severity of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Arch Intern Med. 2006 Sep 18;166(16):1768-74. doi: 10.1001/archinte.166.16.1768.
- Background: PubMed 31616793Kreek MJ, Reed B, Butelman ER. Current status of opioid addiction treatment and related preclinical research. Sci Adv. 2019 Oct 2;5(10):eaax9140. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aax9140. eCollection 2019 Oct.
- Background: PubMed 27544697Lydon-Staley DM, Cleveland HH, Huhn AS, Cleveland MJ, Harris J, Stankoski D, Deneke E, Meyer RE, Bunce SC. Daily sleep quality affects drug craving, partially through indirect associations with positive affect, in patients in treatment for nonmedical use of prescription drugs. Addict Behav. 2017 Feb;65:275-282. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.08.026. Epub 2016 Aug 15.
- SAMHSA Results from 2018 National Survey on Drug Use and HealthLink provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Nalaka Gooneratne, MD, MSc principal investigator
University of Pennsylvania
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Sleep Hygiene and Mindfulness in people with Opioid Use Disorder and Insomnia, run by University of Pennsylvania at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: withdrawn, as of the sponsor's last update on 25 May 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study was withdrawn before enrolling participants, so there are no results.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Sleep Onset Latency (time frame: Day 28). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05588726, which also lists 14 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 25 May 2023.