Inactivity, PhysicalNCT05658978
Neuromuscular Training on Handball Players Selected Physical Fitness Components, Functional Movement and Handball Skills
A study testing Neuromuscular training in people with Inactivity, Physical, run by Universiti Putra Malaysia at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
The neuromuscular training improves nerve-muscle control while increasing the stability of functioning joints. Furthermore, Neuromuscular training has been proven to influence the sensitivity and reactivity of the central nervous system and improves the power of athletes by targeting motor units and coordinating motor… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 22 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Inactivity, Physical
- What is being tested?
- Neuromuscular training
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 46 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 2 Jan 2023to 28 Mar 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 22 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- The population must be elite male handball players between the ages of 18 to 22
- Able to perform all tests and be Physically active (no previous experience performing neuromuscular training)
- Only players who understand the study purposes and procedures and can complete this training requirement can be included in the research data.
Who cannot join
- Female handball players should be excluded from this study
- On medication that may affect body composition and muscles activity
- Presently engaged in regular neuromuscular training programs
- Players who are consistently late or absent from training sessions will eventually be excluded
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Pakistan1 site
University of Agriculture, Hub of Handball in Pakistan
Faisalābad, Punjab Province, 38000
About this study
Official title: Effects of Neuromuscular Training on Selected Physical Fitness Components, Functional Movement, and Handball Skills Among Elite Male Handball Players in Pakistan
The neuromuscular training improves nerve-muscle control while increasing the stability of functioning joints. Furthermore, Neuromuscular training has been proven to influence the sensitivity and reactivity of the central nervous system and improves the power of athletes by targeting motor units and coordinating motor units and increasing muscle activation. These enhancements resulted in skillful movements and significantly improved agility, balance, muscular strength and muscular power among individuals. The neuromuscular training also focuses on promoting functional joint stability by improving athletes' neuromuscular control and has been proven to significantly enhance athletes' performance. Finally, to evaluate that neuromuscular training can improve elite male handball players' physical fitness components, handball skills and functional movement.
Read the detailed description
This study included two groups, namely the control and neuromuscular training groups. The sample is 18-22-year-old Pakistani elite male handball players who do not do neuromuscular training exercises. Based on the literature review, the training frequency of this experiment was arranged three (3) times/week, the total training duration will be 12 weeks, and the time of each training session will be changed over two weeks. The 12 weeks of exercise last 90 minutes, with a 10-minute warm-up and a 10-minute cool-down. Training intensity ranges from 70% to 95%. Teach all sports techniques before the intervention. In contrast, the control group discussed with their coaches and will continue the 12-week of previous regular exercises.
Content of Experimental Group: Week 1-2: Introduces the classification of neuromuscular training starting from the: One-leg balance and hamstrings and hip flexor each side exercises; Week 3-4: exercises to improve physical fitness: Agility drills ladder hurdles cones, barrier jump forward-backward and Seated press-ups exercises; 5-6 Week: Reviewed the basic handball skills: Net zigzag, baseline-net-baseline (9 cones), balance board stands on one foot to catch the ball (handball) and biceps and triceps, free weights exercises; 7-8 Week: learn the exercises: Mini-arm circles, tennis ball against wall, Swiss ball side plank (Bodyweight) and Iliotibial band each side exercises; 9-10 Week: Review the Sprints: Baseline-net, gastrocnemius/soleus each side, 4-square, various patterns and vertical jump with an additional load exercises; 11-12 Week: Review physical fitness, handball skills and functional movement: Court suicide sprint conditioning drills, Single-leg squats on half foam roll, Push-up with and without countermovement, Plank 3 levels of difficulty, Ladder: various patterns, biceps each side and Single-leg balance with ball handling drills on half foam roll exercises.
- Conditions
- Inactivity, Physical
- Being tested
- Neuromuscular training, Control group
- Keywords
- Physical Fitness Components, Handball Skills, Functional movement, Male Handball Players
- Medical subject headings
- Sedentary Behavior
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Neuromuscular trainingOther
Neuromuscular training Length: 12 weeks; Training duration: 90 minutes; Intensity: 70-95%; 3 days per week. The intensity of the training is increasing in the first 20 minutes, and the intensity is gradually decreasing in the next 5 minutes; Rest: 30 seconds rest between exercises and 1-minute rest between sets.
Control groupOther
The Control group continues previous regular exercises for 12 weeks with a duration of 90 minutes and three days per week.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Neuromuscular training of male handball players | Experimental | Neuromuscular training exercises focus on improving physical fitness and skills performance. Neuromuscular training targets the neuromuscular system through engagements of muscle groups as well as nerve function to optimize movements. This training has been considered an effective treatment method to enhance the neurophysiological entity of the joints for coordinated functioning. However, the present study applied neuromuscular training to elite male handball players to assess fitness level as well as skill performance. Post-test 1 will be after 6 weeks, and post-test 2 after 12 weeks to measure performance. Receives: Other: Neuromuscular training |
| Male handball players continue previous regular exercises | Active comparator | Handball players as a control group will be continuing their previous regular exercises for 12 weeks. Receives: Other: Control group |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Speed performance of handball players
Speed will be measured by a 30-meter sprint test. To monitor the development of the athlete's maximum sprint speed, the 20m sprint test measurement also has a high reliability value (r=0.94 to 0.98).
Measured: 2 weeks
Agility performance of handball players
Agility will be measured by Illinois agility test running agility using various turns and movements. Participants should lie on their front (head to the start line) and hands by their shoulders. On the 'Go' command the stopwatch is started, and the athlete gets up as quickly as possible and runs forwards 10 meters to run around a cone, then back 10 meters, then runs up and back through a slalom course of four cones. Finally, the athlete runs another 10 meters up and back past the finishing cone.
Measured: 3 weeks
Balance performance of handball players
Balance will be measured by the Star excursion balance test (SEBT). Balance ability of athletes on an activity to keep their balance equilibrium. It is a type of dynamic stability testing. The SEBT involves having a participant maintain a base of support with one leg while maximally reaching in different directions with the opposite leg without compromising base of support of stance leg.
Measured: 4 weeks
Explosive power of handball players
To measure the explosive power of the leg in vertical jump height jumped. The player chalks the end of his fingertips, stands side onto the wall, keeping both feet remaining on the ground, reaches up as high as possible with one hand and marks the wall with the tips of the fingers. From a static position jump as high as possible and marks the wall with the chalk on his fingertips.
Measured: 5 weeks
Flexibility of handball players
The test will be conducted indoors using a static sit and reach box, supplied with a tape measure. The participant will give the instruction to sit with legs together and extended in front of him, so that the feet (shoes off) touch the first step. Both knees will be held together and flat on the floor. The purpose of this test is to assess the flexibility of the lower back and hamstring. The intra-class correlation coefficient for test-retest reliability for the sit and reach test was 0.93.
Measured: 6 weeks
Muscular Strength of handball players
Muscular strength will be measured by the 1RM test. Test-retest ICCs ranged from 0.64 to 0.99 (median ICC = 0.97), where 92% of ICCs were ≥ 0.90, and 97% of ICCs were ≥ 0.80. Based on the previous studies, it can be concluded that the 1RM test generally has good to excellent test-retest reliability, part of the body assessed (upper vs. lower body).
Measured: 8 weeks
Functional Movement of handball players
The FMS will be used to assess the study participants using the standard 0-3 ordinal scale. A score of 3 will be awarded for performing the specific movement perfectly, a score of 2 for completing the movement with some compensatory movements observed, a score of 1 for the subject failing to complete the movement, and a score of 0 for the movement being painful. Functional movement assesses through the FMS Kit.
Measured: 9 weeks
Dribbling skill performance of handball players
Slalom sprint and dribble test will measure dribbling performance. Twelve cones will be placed in a zigzag pattern, and the participant is to slalom the 30-m course as fast as possible. Sprints will be timed using a stopwatch. Slalom sprint and dribble test the indication of a good reliability (without ball: Intraclass Correlation Coefficient [ICC] = 0.91; with ball: ICC = 0.79) and validity (i.e., discriminative between level of performances).
Measured: 11 weeks
Shooting skill performance of handball players
Shooting skill performance will be measure by shooting accuracy test. To measure the shooting ability of accuracy for team handball players can make throws at the target in team handball. Each player had eight shots executed from five different positions, previously established, in the direction of the goal.
Measured: 12 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted21 Dec 2022
- Study start2 Jan 2023
- Primary completion12 Feb 2023
- Study completion28 Mar 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (5)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Inactivity, PhysicalStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- In this experiment, the experimental group will continue neuromuscular training exercises and the control group will continue previous regular exercises with coaches' guidelines. Each group has equally male players.
- Masking
- Triple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 46 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Universiti Putra Malaysia
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Saddam Akbar, Universiti Putra Malaysia
- Investigators
- Saddam Akbar, PhD, Principal investigator, Universiti Putra Malaysia
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05658978
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- GS61103
- Status last verified
- Jun 2024
- First submitted
- 19 Nov 2022
- Last updated
- 1 Jul 2024
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: Since this is my doctoral thesis experiment, I won't share it until I graduate.
Publications
Barber-Westin SD, Hermeto AA, Noyes FR. A six-week neuromuscular training program for competitive junior tennis players. J Strength Cond Res. 2010 Sep;24(9):2372-82. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e8a47f.
PubMed 20703159Barber-Westin, S., Hermeto, A., and Noyes, M.D.F. (2015). A six-week neuromuscular and performance training program improves speed, agility, dynamic balance, and core endurance in junior tennis players. J Athl Enhancement 4.
Borghuis, A. J., Lemmink, K. A., Hof, A. L., & Visscher, C. 5. The Effect of a Soccer-Specific Neuromuscular Training Program on Stability, Agility and Injury in Elite Youth Soccer. Core Stability in Soccer: it's a Matter of Control! 83.
McLeod TC, Armstrong T, Miller M, Sauers JL. Balance improvements in female high school basketball players after a 6-week neuromuscular-training program. J Sport Rehabil. 2009 Nov;18(4):465-81. doi: 10.1123/jsr.18.4.465.
PubMed 20108849Trajkovic N, Bogataj S. Effects of Neuromuscular Training on Motor Competence and Physical Performance in Young Female Volleyball Players. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar 8;17(5):1755. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17051755.
PubMed 32182680
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 1 Jul 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Neuromuscular Training on Selected Physical Fitness Components, Functional Movement, and Handball Skills Among Elite Male Handball Players in Pakistan
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05658978
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- GS61103
- Conditions
- Inactivity, Physical
- Keywords
- Physical Fitness Components, Handball Skills, Functional movement, Male Handball Players
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 46 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Universiti Putra MalaysiaUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 2 Jan 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 12 Feb 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 28 Mar 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 21 Dec 2022 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The neuromuscular training improves nerve-muscle control while increasing the stability of functioning joints. Furthermore, Neuromuscular training has been proven to influence the sensitivity and reactivity of the central nervous system and improves the power of athletes by targeting motor units and coordinating motor units and increasing muscle activation. These enhancements resulted in skillful movements and significantly improved agility, balance, muscular strength and muscular power among individuals. The neuromuscular training also focuses on promoting functional joint stability by improving athletes' neuromuscular control and has been proven to significantly enhance athletes' performance. Finally, to evaluate that neuromuscular training can improve elite male handball players' physical fitness components, handball skills and functional movement.
Detailed description
This study included two groups, namely the control and neuromuscular training groups. The sample is 18-22-year-old Pakistani elite male handball players who do not do neuromuscular training exercises. Based on the literature review, the training frequency of this experiment was arranged three (3) times/week, the total training duration will be 12 weeks, and the time of each training session will be changed over two weeks. The 12 weeks of exercise last 90 minutes, with a 10-minute warm-up and a 10-minute cool-down. Training intensity ranges from 70% to 95%. Teach all sports techniques before the intervention. In contrast, the control group discussed with their coaches and will continue the 12-week of previous regular exercises.
Content of Experimental Group: Week 1-2: Introduces the classification of neuromuscular training starting from the: One-leg balance and hamstrings and hip flexor each side exercises; Week 3-4: exercises to improve physical fitness: Agility drills ladder hurdles cones, barrier jump forward-backward and Seated press-ups exercises; 5-6 Week: Reviewed the basic handball skills: Net zigzag, baseline-net-baseline (9 cones), balance board stands on one foot to catch the ball (handball) and biceps and triceps, free weights exercises; 7-8 Week: learn the exercises: Mini-arm circles, tennis ball against wall, Swiss ball side plank (Bodyweight) and Iliotibial band each side exercises; 9-10 Week: Review the Sprints: Baseline-net, gastrocnemius/soleus each side, 4-square, various patterns and vertical jump with an additional load exercises; 11-12 Week: Review physical fitness, handball skills and functional movement: Court suicide sprint conditioning drills, Single-leg squats on half foam roll, Push-up with and without countermovement, Plank 3 levels of difficulty, Ladder: various patterns, biceps each side and Single-leg balance with ball handling drills on half foam roll exercises.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind (participant, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- In this experiment, the experimental group will continue neuromuscular training exercises and the control group will continue previous regular exercises with coaches' guidelines. Each group has equally male players.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Neuromuscular training of male handball players | Experimental | Other: Neuromuscular trainingNeuromuscular training exercises focus on improving physical fitness and skills performance. Neuromuscular training targets the neuromuscular system through engagements of muscle groups as well as nerve function to optimize movements. This training has been considered an effective treatment method to enhance the neurophysiological entity of the joints for coordinated functioning. However, the present study applied neuromuscular training to elite male handball players to assess fitness level as well as skill performance. Post-test 1 will be after 6 weeks, and post-test 2 after 12 weeks to measure performance. |
| Male handball players continue previous regular exercises | Active comparator | Other: Control groupHandball players as a control group will be continuing their previous regular exercises for 12 weeks. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 22 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- The population must be elite male handball players between the ages of 18 to 22
- Able to perform all tests and be Physically active (no previous experience performing neuromuscular training)
- Only players who understand the study purposes and procedures and can complete this training requirement can be included in the research data.
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Female handball players should be excluded from this study
- On medication that may affect body composition and muscles activity
- Presently engaged in regular neuromuscular training programs
- Players who are consistently late or absent from training sessions will eventually be excluded
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Neuromuscular trainingNeuromuscular training Length: 12 weeks; Training duration: 90 minutes; Intensity: 70-95%; 3 days per week. The intensity of the training is increasing in the first 20 minutes, and the intensity is gradually decreasing in the next 5 minutes; Rest: 30 seconds rest between exercises and 1-minute rest between sets. | Other | Neuromuscular training of male handball players |
| Control groupThe Control group continues previous regular exercises for 12 weeks with a duration of 90 minutes and three days per week. | Other | Male handball players continue previous regular exercises |
Primary outcome
Speed performance of handball players
Time frame: 2 weeks
Speed will be measured by a 30-meter sprint test. To monitor the development of the athlete's maximum sprint speed, the 20m sprint test measurement also has a high reliability value (r=0.94 to 0.98).
Agility performance of handball players
Time frame: 3 weeks
Agility will be measured by Illinois agility test running agility using various turns and movements. Participants should lie on their front (head to the start line) and hands by their shoulders. On the 'Go' command the stopwatch is started, and the athlete gets up as quickly as possible and runs forwards 10 meters to run around a cone, then back 10 meters, then runs up and back through a slalom course of four cones. Finally, the athlete runs another 10 meters up and back past the finishing cone.
Balance performance of handball players
Time frame: 4 weeks
Balance will be measured by the Star excursion balance test (SEBT). Balance ability of athletes on an activity to keep their balance equilibrium. It is a type of dynamic stability testing. The SEBT involves having a participant maintain a base of support with one leg while maximally reaching in different directions with the opposite leg without compromising base of support of stance leg.
Explosive power of handball players
Time frame: 5 weeks
To measure the explosive power of the leg in vertical jump height jumped. The player chalks the end of his fingertips, stands side onto the wall, keeping both feet remaining on the ground, reaches up as high as possible with one hand and marks the wall with the tips of the fingers. From a static position jump as high as possible and marks the wall with the chalk on his fingertips.
Flexibility of handball players
Time frame: 6 weeks
The test will be conducted indoors using a static sit and reach box, supplied with a tape measure. The participant will give the instruction to sit with legs together and extended in front of him, so that the feet (shoes off) touch the first step. Both knees will be held together and flat on the floor. The purpose of this test is to assess the flexibility of the lower back and hamstring. The intra-class correlation coefficient for test-retest reliability for the sit and reach test was 0.93.
Muscular Strength of handball players
Time frame: 8 weeks
Muscular strength will be measured by the 1RM test. Test-retest ICCs ranged from 0.64 to 0.99 (median ICC = 0.97), where 92% of ICCs were ≥ 0.90, and 97% of ICCs were ≥ 0.80. Based on the previous studies, it can be concluded that the 1RM test generally has good to excellent test-retest reliability, part of the body assessed (upper vs. lower body).
Functional Movement of handball players
Time frame: 9 weeks
The FMS will be used to assess the study participants using the standard 0-3 ordinal scale. A score of 3 will be awarded for performing the specific movement perfectly, a score of 2 for completing the movement with some compensatory movements observed, a score of 1 for the subject failing to complete the movement, and a score of 0 for the movement being painful. Functional movement assesses through the FMS Kit.
Dribbling skill performance of handball players
Time frame: 11 weeks
Slalom sprint and dribble test will measure dribbling performance. Twelve cones will be placed in a zigzag pattern, and the participant is to slalom the 30-m course as fast as possible. Sprints will be timed using a stopwatch. Slalom sprint and dribble test the indication of a good reliability (without ball: Intraclass Correlation Coefficient [ICC] = 0.91; with ball: ICC = 0.79) and validity (i.e., discriminative between level of performances).
Shooting skill performance of handball players
Time frame: 12 weeks
Shooting skill performance will be measure by shooting accuracy test. To measure the shooting ability of accuracy for team handball players can make throws at the target in team handball. Each player had eight shots executed from five different positions, previously established, in the direction of the goal.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 1 Jul 2024.
- Background: PubMed 20703159Barber-Westin SD, Hermeto AA, Noyes FR. A six-week neuromuscular training program for competitive junior tennis players. J Strength Cond Res. 2010 Sep;24(9):2372-82. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e8a47f.
- BackgroundBarber-Westin, S., Hermeto, A., and Noyes, M.D.F. (2015). A six-week neuromuscular and performance training program improves speed, agility, dynamic balance, and core endurance in junior tennis players. J Athl Enhancement 4.
- BackgroundBorghuis, A. J., Lemmink, K. A., Hof, A. L., & Visscher, C. 5. The Effect of a Soccer-Specific Neuromuscular Training Program on Stability, Agility and Injury in Elite Youth Soccer. Core Stability in Soccer: it's a Matter of Control! 83.
- Background: PubMed 20108849McLeod TC, Armstrong T, Miller M, Sauers JL. Balance improvements in female high school basketball players after a 6-week neuromuscular-training program. J Sport Rehabil. 2009 Nov;18(4):465-81. doi: 10.1123/jsr.18.4.465.
- Background: PubMed 32182680Trajkovic N, Bogataj S. Effects of Neuromuscular Training on Motor Competence and Physical Performance in Young Female Volleyball Players. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar 8;17(5):1755. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17051755.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. Since this is my doctoral thesis experiment, I won't share it until I graduate.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Saddam Akbar, PhD principal investigator
Universiti Putra Malaysia
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Neuromuscular training in people with Inactivity, Physical, run by Universiti Putra Malaysia at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 1 Jul 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Speed performance of handball players (time frame: 2 weeks). The study lists 9 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05658978, which also lists 5 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 1 Jul 2024.