Hip OsteoarthritisNCT05676567
Golf After Orthopaedic Surgery: A Longitudinal Follow-up (GOLF) Study
An observational study of Hip Osteoarthritis and Knee Osteoarthritis, run by University of Edinburgh at 1 site in United Kingdom.
Trial summary
Aims The primary aim of this prospective, multi-centre study is to describe the rates of returning to golf following hip, knee and shoulder arthroplasty in an active golfing population. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Hip Osteoarthritis, Knee Osteoarthritis, Shoulder Osteoarthritis
- How many people
- 124 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited Kingdom
- Study dates
- 1 Jan 2023to 1 Dec 2026
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: Patients scheduled for hip, knee and shoulder arthroplasty at each centre will be asked if they consider themselves a golfer. Potential patients will include those undergoing hip, knee or shoulder arthroplasty at the two medical centres. Patients will be enrolled preoperatively and followed for 1 year postoperatively.
Who may be able to join
- 1. Age ≥18 years 2. A self-reported golfer 3. Able to consent to treatment 4. Assessed and listed for one of the following surgical procedures
- Total hip arthroplasty
- Hip resurfacing
- Revision hip arthroplasty
- Total knee arthroplasty
- Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
Show all 11Show fewer
- Revision knee arthroplasty
- Total shoulder arthroplasty
- Reverse shoulder arthroplasty
- Shoulder resurfacing arthroplasty
- Revision shoulder arthroplasty
Who cannot join
- 1. Patients unable to comply with post-operative data gathering including completing questionnaires 2. Patients declining operative management 3. No desire to return to golf postoperatively 4. Medical co-morbidities that affect the patient's ability to play golf, that will ultimately not allow the patient to return to golf postoperatively
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United Kingdom1 site
Edinburgh Orthopaedics
Edinburgh, Midlothian, EH16 4SA
About this study
Aims The primary aim of this prospective, multi-centre study is to describe the rates of returning to golf following hip, knee and shoulder arthroplasty in an active golfing population. Secondary aims will include determining the timing of return to golf, changes in ability, handicap, and mobility, and assessing joint-specific and health-related outcomes following surgery.
Methods This is a multi-centre, prospective, longitudinal study between the Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City and Edinburgh Orthopaedics, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, United Kingdom. Both centres are high-volume arthroplasty centres, specialising in upper and lower limb arthroplasty. Patients undergoing hip, knee or shoulder arthroplasty at either centres, and who report being golfers prior to arthroplasty will be included. Patient-reported outcome measures will obtained at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months. A one-year period of recruitment will be undertaken of arthroplasty patients at both sites.
Conclusions The results of this prospective study will provide clinicians with accurate data to deliver to patients with regards to the likelihood of return to golf and timing of when they can expect to return to golf following their hip, knee or shoulder arthroplasty, as well as their joint-specific functional outcomes. This will help patients to manage their postoperative expectations and plan their postoperative recovery pathway.
Read the detailed description
This study will include adult patients who participate in golf (>18 years) at the Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery Department, The Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh;) undergoing joint arthroplasty. The study will commence once NHS research ethics committee (REC) approval and NHS R\&D Management approval is granted at the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh.
The treatment that patients receive will not be affected by involvement in the study. The only difference in the patient pathway will be additional phone call/online follow ups of golf-related outcome measures postoperatively.
All patients will be identified in the clinic or pre-assessment clinic by the surgical team (consultant or registrar) or research assistant and be given the patient information sheet at one of these visits. Patients undergoing joint replacement in the orthopaedic unit are already offered to consent to follow up in the arthroplasty database at the time of attending the pre-assessment clinic and therefore additional paperwork will be added to enrol in the proposed golf study.
Patients will have access to the consent form at either the clinic or pre-assessment clinic. They are routinely offered to consent for arthroplasty follow up via our database which is in the form of 6 and 12 month postal questionnaires. An additional consent form will be included if patients identify as golfers on the questionnaire at the time of consenting for routine their arthroplasty.
- Medical subject headings
- Osteoarthritis, Hip, Osteoarthritis, Knee
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Hip Arthroplasty | Patients undergoing total hip replacement, hip resurfacing or revision hip replacement | |
| Knee Arthroplasty | Patients undergoing total knee replacement, partial knee replacement or revision knee replacement | |
| Shoulder Arthroplasty | Patients undergoing total shoulder replacement, reverse shoulder replacement or partial shoulder replacement (hemiarthroplasty). |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Rate and timing of returning to golf following hip, knee and shoulder arthroplasty
The primary outcome will be to report the rates of return to golf following hip, knee and shoulder arthroplasty.
Measured: 1 year
Secondary outcomes (6)
Golf related outcomes
Secondary outcomes will include the timing of return, changes in the frequency of golfing, changes in mobility on the golf course, changes in handicap, joint pain during and after golf, and satisfaction with their involvement in golf.
Measured: 1 year
Patient-reported outcome measure 1
Golf After Arthroplasty Surgery Score
Measured: 1 year
Patient-reported outcome measure 2
Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score - Joint Replacement (HOOS-JR)
Measured: 1 year
Patient-reported outcome measure 3
Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score - Joint Replacement (KOOS-JR)
Measured: 1 year
Patient-reported outcome measure 4
American Shoulder and Elbow Score (ASES)
Measured: 1 year
Patient-reported outcome measure 5
PROMIS Global Health Survey
Measured: 1 year
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted9 Jan 2023
- Study start1 Jan 2023
- Primary completion18 Nov 2024
- Study completion1 Dec 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Hip OsteoarthritisStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 124 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Edinburgh
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05676567
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 305142
- Status last verified
- Jan 2026
- First submitted
- 20 Dec 2022
- Last updated
- 9 Jan 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 9 Jan 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Golf After Orthopaedic Surgery: A Longitudinal Follow-up (GOLF) Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05676567
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 305142
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Active, not recruiting
- Enrolment
- 124 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of EdinburghUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York
- Study start
- 1 Jan 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 18 Nov 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 9 Jan 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Aims The primary aim of this prospective, multi-centre study is to describe the rates of returning to golf following hip, knee and shoulder arthroplasty in an active golfing population. Secondary aims will include determining the timing of return to golf, changes in ability, handicap, and mobility, and assessing joint-specific and health-related outcomes following surgery.
Methods This is a multi-centre, prospective, longitudinal study between the Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City and Edinburgh Orthopaedics, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, United Kingdom. Both centres are high-volume arthroplasty centres, specialising in upper and lower limb arthroplasty. Patients undergoing hip, knee or shoulder arthroplasty at either centres, and who report being golfers prior to arthroplasty will be included. Patient-reported outcome measures will obtained at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months. A one-year period of recruitment will be undertaken of arthroplasty patients at both sites.
Conclusions The results of this prospective study will provide clinicians with accurate data to deliver to patients with regards to the likelihood of return to golf and timing of when they can expect to return to golf following their hip, knee or shoulder arthroplasty, as well as their joint-specific functional outcomes. This will help patients to manage their postoperative expectations and plan their postoperative recovery pathway.
Detailed description
This study will include adult patients who participate in golf (>18 years) at the Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery Department, The Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh;) undergoing joint arthroplasty. The study will commence once NHS research ethics committee (REC) approval and NHS R\&D Management approval is granted at the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh.
The treatment that patients receive will not be affected by involvement in the study. The only difference in the patient pathway will be additional phone call/online follow ups of golf-related outcome measures postoperatively.
All patients will be identified in the clinic or pre-assessment clinic by the surgical team (consultant or registrar) or research assistant and be given the patient information sheet at one of these visits. Patients undergoing joint replacement in the orthopaedic unit are already offered to consent to follow up in the arthroplasty database at the time of attending the pre-assessment clinic and therefore additional paperwork will be added to enrol in the proposed golf study.
Patients will have access to the consent form at either the clinic or pre-assessment clinic. They are routinely offered to consent for arthroplasty follow up via our database which is in the form of 6 and 12 month postal questionnaires. An additional consent form will be included if patients identify as golfers on the questionnaire at the time of consenting for routine their arthroplasty.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Hip Arthroplasty | – | –Patients undergoing total hip replacement, hip resurfacing or revision hip replacement |
| Knee Arthroplasty | – | –Patients undergoing total knee replacement, partial knee replacement or revision knee replacement |
| Shoulder Arthroplasty | – | –Patients undergoing total shoulder replacement, reverse shoulder replacement or partial shoulder replacement (hemiarthroplasty). |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Patients scheduled for hip, knee and shoulder arthroplasty at each centre will be asked if they consider themselves a golfer. Potential patients will include those undergoing hip, knee or shoulder arthroplasty at the two medical centres. Patients will be enrolled preoperatively and followed for 1 year postoperatively.
Key inclusion criteria (11 listed)
- 1. Age ≥18 years 2. A self-reported golfer 3. Able to consent to treatment 4. Assessed and listed for one of the following surgical procedures
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- 1. Patients unable to comply with post-operative data gathering including completing questionnaires 2. Patients declining operative management 3. No desire to return to golf postoperatively 4. Medical co-morbidities that affect the patient's ability to play golf, that will ultimately not allow the patient to return to golf postoperatively
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
Rate and timing of returning to golf following hip, knee and shoulder arthroplasty
Time frame: 1 year
The primary outcome will be to report the rates of return to golf following hip, knee and shoulder arthroplasty.
6 secondary outcomes
Golf related outcomes
Time frame: 1 year
Patient-reported outcome measure 1
Time frame: 1 year
Patient-reported outcome measure 2
Time frame: 1 year
Patient-reported outcome measure 3
Time frame: 1 year
Patient-reported outcome measure 4
Time frame: 1 year
Patient-reported outcome measure 5
Time frame: 1 year
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 9 Jan 2026.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Hip Osteoarthritis and Knee Osteoarthritis, run by University of Edinburgh at 1 site in United Kingdom.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 11 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: under way, not looking for participants, as of the sponsor's last update on 9 Jan 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United Kingdom. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Rate and timing of returning to golf following hip, knee and shoulder arthroplasty (time frame: 1 year). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 9 Jan 2026.