Cardiovascular DiseasesNCT05704569
Prediction of Primary Cardiovascular Events Using the Multimarker Approach
An observational study of Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke, run by Karaganda Medical University.
Trial summary
The study of biochemical risk factors for cardiovascular diseases is important not only for analysis, but also for preventive measures, given that changes in the level of biomarkers can be detected before the first clinical manifestations of CVD. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 25 to 65 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Stroke, Myocardial Infarction
- What is being tested?
- measurement of multiple biomarkers
- How many people
- 1,500 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- 1 Jun 2014to 1 Dec 2022
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 25 to 65 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: persons living in the Republic of Kazakhstan, aged 25 to 65 years without previous cardiovascular events
Who may be able to join
None listed.
Who cannot join
- pregnant women;
- persons with mental and severe neurological diseases;
- survivors of an acute event associated with atherosclerosis;
- persons with diagnosed chronic forms of coronary artery disease;
- persons with verified CHF;
- persons with myocarditis and cardiomyopathies of various origins,
- congenital and acquired heart defects,
- atherosclerosis of peripheral arteries.
About this study
Official title: Prediction of Primary Cardiovascular Events Using a Multimarker Approach (Prospective Clinical Study)
The study of biochemical risk factors for cardiovascular diseases is important not only for analysis, but also for preventive measures, given that changes in the level of biomarkers can be detected before the first clinical manifestations of CVD. Accordingly, patients at high CV risk may have additional motivation to lead a healthy lifestyle. In addition, information on biochemical risk markers can be used to optimize the clinical management of patients.
Read the detailed description
Recruitment of 1500 people randomly without previous cardiovascular events. Examination, questioning of patients, laboratory tests. Patient follow-up for 6 years. Registration of the facts of the occurrence of cardiovascular events.
Cohort study with a retrospective and prospective component
Stage I (Conducted in 2014 as part of the scientific and technical project "Environmental risks and public health")
- Questionnaire and general clinical examination (anthropometry, measurement of blood pressure, BMI, WC)
- determination of cholesterol, glucose and total cardiovascular risk according to the SCORE scale
- Determination of the quality of life, the level of depression and anxiety, the level of physical activity.
For an in-depth biochemical blood test for onco- and cardiomarkers, the MILLIPLEX MAP Human panel was used. This panel allows you to simultaneously study 23 onco- and 11 cardiac markers, which are the most common among oncological and cardiac diseases. Tumor markers included: alpha-fetoprotein (Afp), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA15-3), cancer embryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin fragment 19 (CYFRA21-1), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF-α), interleukin 6 (IL6), interleukin 8 (IL8), leptin (LEPTIN), anti-Mullerian hormone (MIF), osteopontin (OPN ), prolactin (PROLACTIN), common prostate specific antigen (PSAtotal), cystatin C (SCF), apoptosis inducer (SFAS), transforming growth factor (TGF-α), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), TRAIL, vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF), Beta chorionic gonadotropin (bHCG), apoptosis inducer L (SFAS) L.
In respondents with cardiovascular risk (1% or more on the SCORE scale), the level of cardiomarkers was determined. Cardiomarkers included: creatine kinase MB (CK MB), chemokine C-X-C motif, ligand 16 (CXCL16), fatty acid binding protein, cardiac form (FABP3), N-terminal fragment of the brain natriuretic peptide (NT-ProBNP), oncostatin M (OSM), placental growth factor isoform (PIGF 4), C-X-C motif chemokine, ligand 6 (CXCL6), endocan 1 (ENDOCAN1), fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP-4), TNF superfamily protein ( LIGHT), troponin I (TROPONINI).
Determination of the content of biochemical markers in the blood (carried out at the Collective Use Laboratory of the NJSC "Medical University of Karaganda").
STAGE II Prospective observation for 6 years, For a cardiovascular event we take the development of: Acute forms of ischemic disease (ACS with and without ST-segment elevation / myocardial infarction), chronic forms of IHD-angina pectoris, Acute cerebrovascular accident, transient ischemic attack, Lethal outcome from CVD, death from all causes.
Statistical data processing will be carried out using the SPSS program (version 22.0). Quantitative variables with a normal distribution will be presented as mean values and their standard deviations (M ± SD), with a difference from the normal distribution - median and interquartile range (Me (IQR). Dichotomous signs are presented as shares (absolute number of patients (%) Descriptive statistics will use the Mann-Whitney U-test for independent samples to compare quantitative data, categorical data will be analyzed using Pearson's χ2, Spearman's (Rho) correlation analysis will be used to determine the relationship between parameters, Using binary logistic regression (one-way and multivariate) if independent predictors of the NSS and the odds ratio (OR) are established at a 95% confidence interval (CI) for each factor.Based on the results of multivariate regression analysis on the values of exp(B) of significant variables and constants, a predictive model will be built, predictive value ( specificity, h Sensitivity, % of false positive and false negative results. Cox regression, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis will also be used, there will be a comparison of C-statistics of models. The critical level of significance (p) when testing statistical hypotheses will be taken as 0.05.
- Being tested
- measurement of multiple biomarkers
- Keywords
- CVD, biomarkers, prognosis, MI, stroke, CV mortality, CV morbidity
- Medical subject headings
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Stroke, Myocardial Infarction, Death, Coronary Artery Disease
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
measurement of multiple biomarkersDiagnostic test
All patients were tested for glucose and cholesterol levels. The capillary blood glucose level was measured by an electrochemical method using an Accu-Chek Active by AkkuChek blood glucose meter. The DM was considered to be verified when there were criteria which the World Health Organization (WHO) set in 2001: glucose concentration in whole blood is >6.1 mmol/l, and glucose concentration is >11.1 mmol/l in random measurement. Plasma for the study was obtained via the standard phlebotomy technique from ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) anticoagulants. Plasma was aliquoted into cryovials and got frozen quickly. The samples were stored in a low-temperature refrigerator (-70°C) until the study commencement (up to 3 months). All biomarkers were measured by magnetic bead-based multiplex immunofluorescence assay through the Xmap technology using the Milliplex map Human CVD Magnetic Bead Panel 1 (Millipore)
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| the outcome group | The composite endpoint included the presence of any of the following events: cardiovascular death, MI, stroke, hospitalization and/or application due to CHD, and transient ischemic attack Receives: Diagnostic Test: measurement of multiple biomarkers | |
| no-outcome group | individuals who did not experience any events during the observation period Receives: Diagnostic Test: measurement of multiple biomarkers |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
number of respondents with stroke or transient ischemic attack
stroke was defined as a sudden onset of nonconvulsive and focal neurological deficit due to ischemia or hemorrhage that lasts >24 hours, and it is transient ischemic attack if neurological recovery occurred within 24 hours. \&e diagnosis of stroke and the transient ischemic attack was based on the disease history, neurological examination, and all available clinical data, including computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results.
Measured: 66 months
Number of respondents with Coronary heart disease
Coronary heart disease included myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, and newly diagnosed angina. The criteria for MI were at least two of the following: (1) typical symptoms, including prolonged severe anterior chest pain; (2) elevated cardiac enzymes-higher than twice the upper limit of the standard values; sudden cardiac death within 1 hour of the acute condition onset; (3) progressive diagnostic electrocardiographic changes. The cases of newly diagnosed angina were determined based on typical angina-type pain, reversed by the use of nitrates, confirmed by a doctor's examination, and via the electrocardiography (ECG) exercise test.
Measured: 66 months
Number Of respondents wirh cardiovascular death
death reported as a complication of cardiovascular disease
Measured: 66 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted30 Jan 2023
- Study start1 Jun 2014
- Primary completion1 Mar 2020
- Study completion1 Dec 2022
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (6)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Cardiovascular DiseasesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 1,500 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Karaganda Medical University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Lyudmila Turgunova, MD, PhD, ScD, Principal investigator, Karaganda Medical University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05704569
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- CV risk markers
- Status last verified
- Jan 2023
- First submitted
- 19 Jan 2023
- Last updated
- 15 Mar 2023
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Pareek M, Bhatt DL, Vaduganathan M, Biering-Sorensen T, Qamar A, Diederichsen AC, Moller JE, Hindersson P, Leosdottir M, Magnusson M, Nilsson PM, Olsen MH. Single and multiple cardiovascular biomarkers in subjects without a previous cardiovascular event. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2017 Oct;24(15):1648-1659. doi: 10.1177/2047487317717065. Epub 2017 Jun 23.
PubMed 28644092Pauli N, Puchalowicz K, Kuligowska A, Krzystolik A, Dziedziejko V, Safranow K, Rac M, Chlubek D, Ewa Rac M. Associations between IL-6 and Echo-Parameters in Patients with Early Onset Coronary Artery Disease. Diagnostics (Basel). 2019 Nov 14;9(4):189. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics9040189.
PubMed 31739518Shi C, van der Wal HH, Sillje HHW, Dokter MM, van den Berg F, Huizinga L, Vriesema M, Post J, Anker SD, Cleland JG, Ng LL, Samani NJ, Dickstein K, Zannad F, Lang CC, van Haelst PL, Gietema JA, Metra M, Ameri P, Canepa M, van Veldhuisen DJ, Voors AA, de Boer RA. Tumour biomarkers: association with heart failure outcomes. J Intern Med. 2020 Aug;288(2):207-218. doi: 10.1111/joim.13053. Epub 2020 May 5.
PubMed 32372544Bracun V, Suthahar N, Shi C, de Wit S, Meijers WC, Klip IT, de Boer RA, Aboumsallem JP. Established Tumour Biomarkers Predict Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in the General Population. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2021 Dec 8;8:753885. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.753885. eCollection 2021.
PubMed 34957244Chatzinikolaou A, Tzikas S, Lavdaniti M. Assessment of Quality of Life in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease Using the SF-36, MacNew, and EQ-5D-5L Questionnaires. Cureus. 2021 Sep 14;13(9):e17982. doi: 10.7759/cureus.17982. eCollection 2021 Sep.
PubMed 34667665Kwee LC, Neely ML, Grass E, Gregory SG, Roe MT, Ohman EM, Fox KAA, White HD, Armstrong PW, Bowsman LM, Haas JV, Duffin KL, Chan MY, Shah SH. Associations of osteopontin and NT-proBNP with circulating miRNA levels in acute coronary syndrome. Physiol Genomics. 2019 Oct 1;51(10):506-515. doi: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00033.2019. Epub 2019 Sep 18.
PubMed 31530226
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 15 Mar 2023. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Prediction of Primary Cardiovascular Events Using a Multimarker Approach (Prospective Clinical Study)
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05704569
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- CV risk markers
- Keywords
- CVD, biomarkers, prognosis, MI, stroke, CV mortality, CV morbidity
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 1,500 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Karaganda Medical UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jun 2014 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Mar 2020 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Dec 2022 (actual)
- First posted
- 30 Jan 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The study of biochemical risk factors for cardiovascular diseases is important not only for analysis, but also for preventive measures, given that changes in the level of biomarkers can be detected before the first clinical manifestations of CVD. Accordingly, patients at high CV risk may have additional motivation to lead a healthy lifestyle. In addition, information on biochemical risk markers can be used to optimize the clinical management of patients.
Detailed description
Recruitment of 1500 people randomly without previous cardiovascular events. Examination, questioning of patients, laboratory tests. Patient follow-up for 6 years. Registration of the facts of the occurrence of cardiovascular events.
Cohort study with a retrospective and prospective component
Stage I (Conducted in 2014 as part of the scientific and technical project "Environmental risks and public health")
- Questionnaire and general clinical examination (anthropometry, measurement of blood pressure, BMI, WC)
- determination of cholesterol, glucose and total cardiovascular risk according to the SCORE scale
- Determination of the quality of life, the level of depression and anxiety, the level of physical activity.
For an in-depth biochemical blood test for onco- and cardiomarkers, the MILLIPLEX MAP Human panel was used. This panel allows you to simultaneously study 23 onco- and 11 cardiac markers, which are the most common among oncological and cardiac diseases. Tumor markers included: alpha-fetoprotein (Afp), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA15-3), cancer embryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin fragment 19 (CYFRA21-1), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF-α), interleukin 6 (IL6), interleukin 8 (IL8), leptin (LEPTIN), anti-Mullerian hormone (MIF), osteopontin (OPN ), prolactin (PROLACTIN), common prostate specific antigen (PSAtotal), cystatin C (SCF), apoptosis inducer (SFAS), transforming growth factor (TGF-α), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), TRAIL, vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF), Beta chorionic gonadotropin (bHCG), apoptosis inducer L (SFAS) L.
In respondents with cardiovascular risk (1% or more on the SCORE scale), the level of cardiomarkers was determined. Cardiomarkers included: creatine kinase MB (CK MB), chemokine C-X-C motif, ligand 16 (CXCL16), fatty acid binding protein, cardiac form (FABP3), N-terminal fragment of the brain natriuretic peptide (NT-ProBNP), oncostatin M (OSM), placental growth factor isoform (PIGF 4), C-X-C motif chemokine, ligand 6 (CXCL6), endocan 1 (ENDOCAN1), fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP-4), TNF superfamily protein ( LIGHT), troponin I (TROPONINI).
Determination of the content of biochemical markers in the blood (carried out at the Collective Use Laboratory of the NJSC "Medical University of Karaganda").
STAGE II Prospective observation for 6 years, For a cardiovascular event we take the development of: Acute forms of ischemic disease (ACS with and without ST-segment elevation / myocardial infarction), chronic forms of IHD-angina pectoris, Acute cerebrovascular accident, transient ischemic attack, Lethal outcome from CVD, death from all causes.
Statistical data processing will be carried out using the SPSS program (version 22.0). Quantitative variables with a normal distribution will be presented as mean values and their standard deviations (M ± SD), with a difference from the normal distribution - median and interquartile range (Me (IQR). Dichotomous signs are presented as shares (absolute number of patients (%) Descriptive statistics will use the Mann-Whitney U-test for independent samples to compare quantitative data, categorical data will be analyzed using Pearson's χ2, Spearman's (Rho) correlation analysis will be used to determine the relationship between parameters, Using binary logistic regression (one-way and multivariate) if independent predictors of the NSS and the odds ratio (OR) are established at a 95% confidence interval (CI) for each factor.Based on the results of multivariate regression analysis on the values of exp(B) of significant variables and constants, a predictive model will be built, predictive value ( specificity, h Sensitivity, % of false positive and false negative results. Cox regression, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis will also be used, there will be a comparison of C-statistics of models. The critical level of significance (p) when testing statistical hypotheses will be taken as 0.05.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| the outcome group | – | Diagnostic Test: measurement of multiple biomarkersThe composite endpoint included the presence of any of the following events: cardiovascular death, MI, stroke, hospitalization and/or application due to CHD, and transient ischemic attack |
| no-outcome group | – | Diagnostic Test: measurement of multiple biomarkersindividuals who did not experience any events during the observation period |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 25 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- persons living in the Republic of Kazakhstan, aged 25 to 65 years without previous cardiovascular events
Key inclusion criteria (0 listed)
Key exclusion criteria (8 listed)
- pregnant women;
- persons with mental and severe neurological diseases;
- survivors of an acute event associated with atherosclerosis;
- persons with diagnosed chronic forms of coronary artery disease;
- persons with verified CHF;
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| measurement of multiple biomarkersAll patients were tested for glucose and cholesterol levels. The capillary blood glucose level was measured by an electrochemical method using an Accu-Chek Active by AkkuChek blood glucose meter. The DM was considered to be verified when there were criteria which the World Health Organization (WHO) set in 2001: glucose concentration in whole blood is >6.1 mmol/l, and glucose concentration is >11.1 mmol/l in random measurement. Plasma for the study was obtained via the standard phlebotomy technique from ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) anticoagulants. Plasma was aliquoted into cryovials and got frozen quickly. The samples were stored in a low-temperature refrigerator (-70°C) until the study commencement (up to 3 months). All biomarkers were measured by magnetic bead-based multiplex immunofluorescence assay through the Xmap technology using the Milliplex map Human CVD Magnetic Bead Panel 1 (Millipore) | Diagnostic test | no-outcome group, the outcome group |
Primary outcome
number of respondents with stroke or transient ischemic attack
Time frame: 66 months
stroke was defined as a sudden onset of nonconvulsive and focal neurological deficit due to ischemia or hemorrhage that lasts >24 hours, and it is transient ischemic attack if neurological recovery occurred within 24 hours. \&e diagnosis of stroke and the transient ischemic attack was based on the disease history, neurological examination, and all available clinical data, including computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results.
Number of respondents with Coronary heart disease
Time frame: 66 months
Coronary heart disease included myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, and newly diagnosed angina. The criteria for MI were at least two of the following: (1) typical symptoms, including prolonged severe anterior chest pain; (2) elevated cardiac enzymes-higher than twice the upper limit of the standard values; sudden cardiac death within 1 hour of the acute condition onset; (3) progressive diagnostic electrocardiographic changes. The cases of newly diagnosed angina were determined based on typical angina-type pain, reversed by the use of nitrates, confirmed by a doctor's examination, and via the electrocardiography (ECG) exercise test.
Number Of respondents wirh cardiovascular death
Time frame: 66 months
death reported as a complication of cardiovascular disease
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 15 Mar 2023.
- Results publication: PubMed 28644092Pareek M, Bhatt DL, Vaduganathan M, Biering-Sorensen T, Qamar A, Diederichsen AC, Moller JE, Hindersson P, Leosdottir M, Magnusson M, Nilsson PM, Olsen MH. Single and multiple cardiovascular biomarkers in subjects without a previous cardiovascular event. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2017 Oct;24(15):1648-1659. doi: 10.1177/2047487317717065. Epub 2017 Jun 23.
- Results publication: PubMed 31739518Pauli N, Puchalowicz K, Kuligowska A, Krzystolik A, Dziedziejko V, Safranow K, Rac M, Chlubek D, Ewa Rac M. Associations between IL-6 and Echo-Parameters in Patients with Early Onset Coronary Artery Disease. Diagnostics (Basel). 2019 Nov 14;9(4):189. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics9040189.
- Results publication: PubMed 32372544Shi C, van der Wal HH, Sillje HHW, Dokter MM, van den Berg F, Huizinga L, Vriesema M, Post J, Anker SD, Cleland JG, Ng LL, Samani NJ, Dickstein K, Zannad F, Lang CC, van Haelst PL, Gietema JA, Metra M, Ameri P, Canepa M, van Veldhuisen DJ, Voors AA, de Boer RA. Tumour biomarkers: association with heart failure outcomes. J Intern Med. 2020 Aug;288(2):207-218. doi: 10.1111/joim.13053. Epub 2020 May 5.
- Results publication: PubMed 34957244Bracun V, Suthahar N, Shi C, de Wit S, Meijers WC, Klip IT, de Boer RA, Aboumsallem JP. Established Tumour Biomarkers Predict Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in the General Population. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2021 Dec 8;8:753885. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.753885. eCollection 2021.
- Results publication: PubMed 34667665Chatzinikolaou A, Tzikas S, Lavdaniti M. Assessment of Quality of Life in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease Using the SF-36, MacNew, and EQ-5D-5L Questionnaires. Cureus. 2021 Sep 14;13(9):e17982. doi: 10.7759/cureus.17982. eCollection 2021 Sep.
- Results publication: PubMed 31530226Kwee LC, Neely ML, Grass E, Gregory SG, Roe MT, Ohman EM, Fox KAA, White HD, Armstrong PW, Bowsman LM, Haas JV, Duffin KL, Chan MY, Shah SH. Associations of osteopontin and NT-proBNP with circulating miRNA levels in acute coronary syndrome. Physiol Genomics. 2019 Oct 1;51(10):506-515. doi: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00033.2019. Epub 2019 Sep 18.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Lyudmila Turgunova, MD, PhD, ScD principal investigator
Karaganda Medical University
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke, run by Karaganda Medical University.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 0 inclusion and 8 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 15 Mar 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
number of respondents with stroke or transient ischemic attack (time frame: 66 months). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05704569, which also lists 6 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 15 Mar 2023.