HungerNCT05734209
How Does Eating Behavior and Hunger in Virtual Reality Meals Compare to Real Meals?
A study testing Virtual food and Real food in people with Hunger, run by Karolinska Institutet at 1 site in Sweden.
Trial summary
Objective: To investigate the differences between eating virtual and real-life meals and test the hypothesis that eating a virtual meal can reduce hunger among healthy women. Methods: Twenty healthy women will be recruited and partake in a randomized crossover study. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 28 years, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Hunger
- What is being tested?
- Virtual food and Real food
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 24 participants
- Where
- 1 siteSweden
- Study dates
- 3 Oct 2020to 9 Jun 2022
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 28 years
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- BMI between 18.5 kg/m2 to 29 kg/m2
- "normal" physical activity (measured using the short version of the international physical activity questionnaire, IPAQ)
Who cannot join
- pregnant or breastfeeding
- smoker
- temporomandibular disorder
- recent serious dental surgery (last 6 months)
- undergoing treatments known to affect appetite (e.g., use of some psychotropic drugs)
- previous history of eating disorders
- vegetarian
- aversion to the food served
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: How Does Eating Behavior and Hunger in Virtual Reality Meals Compare to Real Meals? A Randomized Crossover Study
Objective: To investigate the differences between eating virtual and real-life meals and test the hypothesis that eating a virtual meal can reduce hunger among healthy women.
Methods: Twenty healthy women will be recruited and partake in a randomized crossover study. The subjects will be asked to eat one introduction meal, two real meals, and two virtual meals, all containing real or virtual meatballs and potatoes. The real meals will be eaten on a plate placed on a scale which communicates with analytical software on a computer. The virtual meals will be eaten in a room, where participants are seated on a real chair in front of a real table, and fitted with the virtual-reality equipment. The eating behavior for both the real and virtual meals will be filmed. Hunger will be measured before and after the meals using questionnaires.
- Conditions
- Hunger
- Being tested
- Virtual food, Real food
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Virtual foodBehavioural
Virtual food eaten using immersive virtual reality equipment
Real foodBehavioural
Real food eaten using regular utensils
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Virtual, then real meal | Experimental | Participant first had two lunch sessions eating virtual food (meal), with a wash-out period of three days. Participants then had two lunch sessions eating real food (meal), with a wash-out period of three days. Receives: Behavioral: Virtual food; Behavioral: Real food |
| Real, then virtual meal | Experimental | Participant first had two lunch sessions eating real food (meal), with a wash-out period of three days. Participants then had two lunch sessions eating virtual food (meal), with a wash-out period of three days. Receives: Behavioral: Virtual food; Behavioral: Real food |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Difference in hunger before to after meal
Rated on visual analogue scale (range 0 - 100)
Measured: Before to after meal (on average around 10 minutes)
Secondary outcomes (5)
Food intake
Grams of food ingested
Measured: During meal (around 10 minutes)
Meal duration
Minute duration of the meal
Measured: During meal (around 10 minutes)
Forkfuls
Number of times participant took food from the plate
Measured: During meal (around 10 minutes)
Additions
Number of times the participant added food to the plate
Measured: During meal (around 10 minutes)
Chews
Number of times the participant chewed the food
Measured: During meal (around 10 minutes)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted17 Feb 2023
- Study start3 Oct 2020
- Primary completion9 Jun 2022
- Study completion9 Jun 2022
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for HungerStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Karolinska InstitutetThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Model description
- Randomized crossover study with 2 repeats. Each person participated in two virtual meals and two real meals in random order.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 24 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Karolinska Institutet
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Billy Langlet, Karolinska Institutet
- Investigators
- Billy S Langlet, PhD, Principal investigator, Karolinska Institutet
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05734209
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2019-04249
- Other IDs
- 2019
- Status last verified
- Feb 2023
- First submitted
- 15 Dec 2022
- Last updated
- 17 Feb 2023
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
Glympi A, Odegi D, Zandian M, Sodersten P, Bergh C, Langlet B. Eating Behavior and Satiety With Virtual Reality Meals Compared With Real Meals: Randomized Crossover Study. JMIR Serious Games. 2023 Aug 10;11:e44348. doi: 10.2196/44348.
PubMed 37561558
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 17 Feb 2023. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- How Does Eating Behavior and Hunger in Virtual Reality Meals Compare to Real Meals? A Randomized Crossover Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05734209
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2019-04249
- Conditions
- Hunger
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 24 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Karolinska InstitutetUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 3 Oct 2020 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 9 Jun 2022 (actual)
- Study completion
- 9 Jun 2022 (actual)
- First posted
- 17 Feb 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Objective: To investigate the differences between eating virtual and real-life meals and test the hypothesis that eating a virtual meal can reduce hunger among healthy women.
Methods: Twenty healthy women will be recruited and partake in a randomized crossover study. The subjects will be asked to eat one introduction meal, two real meals, and two virtual meals, all containing real or virtual meatballs and potatoes. The real meals will be eaten on a plate placed on a scale which communicates with analytical software on a computer. The virtual meals will be eaten in a room, where participants are seated on a real chair in front of a real table, and fitted with the virtual-reality equipment. The eating behavior for both the real and virtual meals will be filmed. Hunger will be measured before and after the meals using questionnaires.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Randomized crossover study with 2 repeats. Each person participated in two virtual meals and two real meals in random order.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Virtual, then real meal | Experimental | Behavioral: Virtual food, Behavioral: Real foodParticipant first had two lunch sessions eating virtual food (meal), with a wash-out period of three days. Participants then had two lunch sessions eating real food (meal), with a wash-out period of three days. |
| Real, then virtual meal | Experimental | Behavioral: Virtual food, Behavioral: Real foodParticipant first had two lunch sessions eating real food (meal), with a wash-out period of three days. Participants then had two lunch sessions eating virtual food (meal), with a wash-out period of three days. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 28 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- BMI between 18.5 kg/m2 to 29 kg/m2
- "normal" physical activity (measured using the short version of the international physical activity questionnaire, IPAQ)
Key exclusion criteria (8 listed)
- pregnant or breastfeeding
- smoker
- temporomandibular disorder
- recent serious dental surgery (last 6 months)
- undergoing treatments known to affect appetite (e.g., use of some psychotropic drugs)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Virtual foodVirtual food eaten using immersive virtual reality equipment | Behavioural | Real, then virtual meal, Virtual, then real meal |
| Real foodReal food eaten using regular utensils | Behavioural | Real, then virtual meal, Virtual, then real meal |
Primary outcome
Difference in hunger before to after meal
Time frame: Before to after meal (on average around 10 minutes)
Rated on visual analogue scale (range 0 - 100)
5 secondary outcomes
Food intake
Time frame: During meal (around 10 minutes)
Meal duration
Time frame: During meal (around 10 minutes)
Forkfuls
Time frame: During meal (around 10 minutes)
Additions
Time frame: During meal (around 10 minutes)
Chews
Time frame: During meal (around 10 minutes)
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 17 Feb 2023.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 37561558Glympi A, Odegi D, Zandian M, Sodersten P, Bergh C, Langlet B. Eating Behavior and Satiety With Virtual Reality Meals Compared With Real Meals: Randomized Crossover Study. JMIR Serious Games. 2023 Aug 10;11:e44348. doi: 10.2196/44348.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Billy S Langlet, PhD principal investigator
Karolinska Institutet
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Virtual food and Real food in people with Hunger, run by Karolinska Institutet at 1 site in Sweden.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 8 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 17 Feb 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Sweden. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Difference in hunger before to after meal (time frame: Before to after meal (on average around 10 minutes)). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05734209, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 17 Feb 2023.