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Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum MalariaPhase 2/33ACTNCT05764746

Triple Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy for Delaying Drug Resistance Development - a Randomized Clinical Trial

A Phase 2/3 study testing Artemether-lumefantrine and Amodiaquine Drug Combination, Artemether-lumefantrine then Artesunate amodiaquine and Artemether-lumefantrine in people with Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria, run by Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences at 2 sites in Tanzania.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

Background: Artemisinin resistance has emerged in parts of Southeast Asia, and there are reports in Africa of reduced susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum parasites against artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT). No new drugs are available in the pipeline to replace ACTs in case they fail. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 6 to 120 months
What is being tested?
Artemether-lumefantrine and Amodiaquine Drug Combination, Artemether-lumefantrine then Artesunate amodiaquine and Artemether-lumefantrine
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
384 participants
Where
2 sitesTanzania
Study dates
1 May 2023to 1 Jan 2025
Phase
Phase 2/3
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 6 to 120 months
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Child

Who may be able to join

  • Age from 6 - 120 months
  • Weight ≥ 5 kg
  • Body temperature ≥37.5°C or history of fever in the last 24 hours
  • Microscopy confirmed P. falciparum mono-infection
  • Parasitemia level of 1000-200000/μL
  • Ability to swallow oral medication
  • Ability and willingness to abide by the study protocol and the stipulated follow-up visits
  • A written proxy informed consent from a parent/guardian

Who cannot join

  • Children aged below 6 months will not be included in the study because ACTs are contraindicated in this group.
  • Evidence of severe malaria or danger signs
  • Known allergy to trial medicines
  • Reported antimalarial intake ≤2 weeks
  • Haemoglobin <5 g/dL
  • Blood transfusion within last 90 days
  • Febrile condition other than malaria
  • Known underlying chronic or severe disease (including severe malnutrition).

Trial locations and contacts

2 sites in 1 country.

Tanzania2 sites
  • Kibindu

    Bagamoyo, Dar esSalaam, 255

  • Yombo Dispensary

    Bagamoyo, Yombo, +255

Other trials in Tanzania

About this study

Official title: Can Triple Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy for Treatment of Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria, Delay Drug Resistance Development of Plasmodium Falciparum in Tanzania: a Randomized Three Arm Clinical Trial

Background: Artemisinin resistance has emerged in parts of Southeast Asia, and there are reports in Africa of reduced susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum parasites against artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT). No new drugs are available in the pipeline to replace ACTs in case they fail.

This study aims to assess whether a sequential administration of triple ACTs with different partner-drugs can improve the efficacy of ACT for treatment of uncomplicated malaria.

Read more

Methods: A health facility-based, three-arm partially blinded randomized clinical trial will be conducted to assess efficacy and safety of a sequential administration of artemether-lumefantrine followed immediately by artesunate-amodiaquine (AL+ASAQ) or artemether-lumefantrine with by amodiaquine (AL+AQ) compared to artemether-lumefantrine plus placebo (AL+PBO). Eligible children aged 6 - 120 months and with microscopy confirmed uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria will be enrolled, administered with trial medicines and followed-up at 0 (just prior to first drug intake) and 8 hours on day 0, 12 hourly on days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, followed by once daily on days 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 and 56 for clinical and laboratory evaluations. Clinical evaluation will involve assessment of signs and symptoms related to the disease and or trial medicine during follow-up. Laboratory evaluation will include microscopic determination of presence of malaria parasites and species, hemoglobin level, molecular analysis for markers of drug resistance and to differentiate recrudescence from new infection. The primary outcome will be crude recurrent parasitemia by day 42 in the respective arms.

Expected outcomes: The findings will give an insight on whether 3 ACTs are more efficacious than the use of first-line regimen alone, and are tolerable for treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria.

Being tested
Artemether-lumefantrine and Amodiaquine Drug Combination, Artemether-lumefantrine then Artesunate amodiaquine, Artemether-lumefantrine
Keywords
Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy, Plasmodium falciparum, Uncomplicated malaria
Medical subject headings
Malaria, Falciparum

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Artemether-lumefantrine and Amodiaquine Drug CombinationDrug

    Also called AL+AQ

    AL and AQ will be given together for three days then followed by placebo for three days

  • Artemether-lumefantrine then Artesunate amodiaquineDrug

    Also called AL then ASAQ

    AL will be given twice a day for three days then followed by artesunate amodiaquine once a day for three days

  • Artemether-lumefantrineDrug

    Also called AL + Placebo

    This will be the comparator arm as standard treatment, where only AL will be given twice a day for three days then placebo for three days

Study groups in NCT05764746
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Artemether-lumefantrine followed by artesunate amodiaquineExperimentala standard 3-days dosage, twice a day course of Artemether-Lumefantrine (20/120mg) immediately followed by a standard 3-days, once a day course of Artesunate-Amodiaquine (40base)
Receives: Drug: Artemether-lumefantrine then Artesunate amodiaquine
Artemether-lumefantrine with AmodiaquineExperimentala standard 3-days dosage of Artemether-Lumefantrine (20/120mg) given together with Amodiaquine hydrocloride(40 base) followed by placebo for another 3 days;
Receives: Drug: Artemether-lumefantrine and Amodiaquine Drug Combination
Artemether-Lumefantrine aloneActive comparatora standard 3-days dosage of Artemether-Lumefantrine (20/120mg) followed by placebo for another 3 days
Receives: Drug: Artemether-lumefantrine

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Crude recurrent parasitemia by day 42 in the respective arms

    Laboratory assessment of parasitemia using light microscopy performed at 42nd day of follow up will be the primary outcome assessing the differences in proportion of patients with recurrent parasitemia.

    Measured: 42nd day since enrollment

Secondary outcomes (2)
  1. PCR adjusted cure rates by day 28, 42 and 56.

    Assessment of cure rate as determined by parasitemia to distinguish recrudescence and reinfections

    Measured: Through study completion, an average of 1 year

  2. Crude recurrent parasitemia by day 28 and 56 in the respective arms

    Laboratory assessment of parasitemia using light microscopy performed at day 28 and the last day (56th) of follow up will be the primary outcome assessing the differences in proportion of patients with recurrent parasitemia.

    Measured: Day 28 and day 56 since enrollment

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted13 Mar 2023
  2. Study start1 May 2023
  3. Primary completion30 Dec 2024
  4. Study completion1 Jan 2025

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 2/3
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Model description
A health facility-based, three-arm partially blinded randomized clinical trial will be conducted to assess efficacy and safety of a sequential administration of artemether-lumefantrine followed immediately by artesunate-amodiaquine (AL+ASAQ) or artemether-lumefantrine with by amodiaquine (AL+AQ) compared to artemether-lumefantrine plus placebo (AL+PBO).
Masking
Double blind
Who is masked
Participant, Investigator
Enrolment
384 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT05764746
Sponsor's protocol ID
3ACT-2023
Acronym
3ACT
Status last verified
Sep 2026
First submitted
1 Feb 2023
Last updated
23 Sep 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No

Publications

  • Holmstrom O, Linder N, Ngasala B, Martensson A, Linder E, Lundin M, Moilanen H, Suutala A, Diwan V, Lundin J. Point-of-care mobile digital microscopy and deep learning for the detection of soil-transmitted helminths and Schistosoma haematobium. Glob Health Action. 2017 Jun;10(sup3):1337325. doi: 10.1080/16549716.2017.1337325.

    PubMed 28838305
  • Smit MR, Ochomo EO, Aljayyoussi G, Kwambai TK, Abong'o BO, Chen T, Bousema T, Slater HC, Waterhouse D, Bayoh NM, Gimnig JE, Samuels AM, Desai MR, Phillips-Howard PA, Kariuki SK, Wang D, Ward SA, Ter Kuile FO. Safety and mosquitocidal efficacy of high-dose ivermectin when co-administered with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine in Kenyan adults with uncomplicated malaria (IVERMAL): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2018 Jun;18(6):615-626. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30163-4. Epub 2018 Mar 27.

    PubMed 29602751
  • Dondorp AM, Nosten F, Yi P, Das D, Phyo AP, Tarning J, Lwin KM, Ariey F, Hanpithakpong W, Lee SJ, Ringwald P, Silamut K, Imwong M, Chotivanich K, Lim P, Herdman T, An SS, Yeung S, Singhasivanon P, Day NP, Lindegardh N, Socheat D, White NJ. Artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria. N Engl J Med. 2009 Jul 30;361(5):455-67. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0808859.

    PubMed 19641202
  • Leang R, Taylor WR, Bouth DM, Song L, Tarning J, Char MC, Kim S, Witkowski B, Duru V, Domergue A, Khim N, Ringwald P, Menard D. Evidence of Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Multidrug Resistance to Artemisinin and Piperaquine in Western Cambodia: Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine Open-Label Multicenter Clinical Assessment. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2015 Aug;59(8):4719-26. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00835-15. Epub 2015 May 26.

    PubMed 26014949
  • Mwaiswelo R, Ngasala B, Gil JP, Malmberg M, Jovel I, Xu W, Premji Z, Mmbando BP, Bjorkman A, Martensson A. Sustained High Cure Rate of Artemether-Lumefantrine against Uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum Malaria after 8 Years of Its Wide-Scale Use in Bagamoyo District, Tanzania. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2017 Aug;97(2):526-532. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0780.

    PubMed 28829723
  • Mwaiswelo R, Ngasala B, Jovel I, Xu W, Larsson E, Malmberg M, Gil JP, Premji Z, Mmbando BP, Martensson A. Prevalence of and Risk Factors Associated with Polymerase Chain Reaction-Determined Plasmodium falciparum Positivity on Day 3 after Initiation of Artemether-Lumefantrine Treatment for Uncomplicated Malaria in Bagamoyo District, Tanzania. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2019 May;100(5):1179-1186. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0729.

    PubMed 30860013

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A Phase 2/3 study testing Artemether-lumefantrine and Amodiaquine Drug Combination, Artemether-lumefantrine then Artesunate amodiaquine and Artemether-lumefantrine in people with Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria, run by Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences at 2 sites in Tanzania.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 8 inclusion and 8 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 23 Sep 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 2 sites in Tanzania. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

What does this combined phase mean?

Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.

Phase 3 studies compare the treatment with the current standard treatment or a placebo in a large group, to confirm how well it works and watch for side effects.

Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Crude recurrent parasitemia by day 42 in the respective arms (time frame: 42nd day since enrollment). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05764746, which also lists 6 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 23 Sep 2026.

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