Substance-Related DisordersNCT05830773
Resonance Breathing Intervention Opioid Use Disorder
A study testing Resonance Breathing Exercises in people with Substance-Related Disorders, run by University of Texas at Austin at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
This study aims to assess the feasibility of an intervention for the management of craving, stress, anxiety, and depression among people who use opioids via a resonance breathing smartphone app. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Substance-Related Disorders
- What is being tested?
- Resonance Breathing Exercises
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 60 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 9 Mar 2021to 31 Aug 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- To be eligible, participants need to be the legal age of majority (18 years of age or older), have the ability to read and speak in English, and have a history of alcohol or illicit drug use.
Who cannot join
- Individuals with no access to a smartphone phone with a data plan, inability to provide consent and having suicidal thoughts or psychotic episodes.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Resonance Breathing Opioid Use Disorder
This study aims to assess the feasibility of an intervention for the management of craving, stress, anxiety, and depression among people who use opioids via a resonance breathing smartphone app.
Read the detailed description
Most evidence-based treatments for substance use disorders (SUD) require face-to-face interactions with individuals who comprise a recovery support network. However, in the moment relapse occurs, people in recovery are often not in the presence of these trusted individuals. This project aims to address this issue by providing people in recovery with an application (app) that can be added to phones and other mobile devices to help them manage cravings, anxiety, and stress triggers at the specific moments they feel compelled to use. The connection between an individuals mind and body works in both directions. Psychological distress can cause psychosomatic symptoms in the body (e.g., stress is related to multiple chronic health conditions), but individuals can also use their bodies to affect psychology aspects (e.g., exercise can improve mood by releasing endorphins). A similar scientific theory is the foundation of controlled breathing interventions for anxiety, stress, and drug cravings. Psychological distress can disrupt the balance of our Autonomic Nervous System (which is responsible for our fight or flight response to threat), but breathing exercises can restore balance and decrease stress. The goal of this study is to test the feasibility, utility, and efficacy of an app that delivers controlled breathing exercises.
- Conditions
- Substance-Related Disorders
- Being tested
- Resonance Breathing Exercises
- Keywords
- opioid use disorder, resonance breathing, substance use disorder, heart rate variability, drug craving
- Medical subject headings
- Substance-Related Disorders, Opioid-Related Disorders
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Resonance Breathing ExercisesOther
This intervention uses the Camera Heart Rate Variability (CHRV) smartphone application, a resonance breathing app that is available for download to iPhones and Android devices. The CHRV app uses Photoplethysmography (PPG) technology to measure heart rate. PPG is a noninvasive technology that uses a light source (the phone's flashlight) and a photodetector (the phone's camera lens) at the surface of one's skin to measure the volumetric variations of blood circulation. The app also has a timer (to allow the participant to see how long they use the app in each session). The iPhone version of the app also has a breathing pacer (a bar that moves up and down to show the participant when to inhale and exhale). Participants are instructed to initiate a resonance breathing session for at least 5 minutes every day and whenever they experience cravings, feel like they are going to relapse, feel anxious or stressed, or just want to feel calm.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| App Trial | Experimental | Use of the smartphone app Receives: Other: Resonance Breathing Exercises |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Average rating of participant satisfaction with the app as assessed by the Acceptability of Intervention Measure
The measure has 4 items on a scale from 1 (completely disagree) to 5 (completely agree). Higher scores are better outcomes. The citation for the measure is Weiner BJ, Lewis CC, Stanick C, et al. Psychometric assessment of three newly developed implementation outcome measures. Implement Sci 2017; 12(1):108.
Measured: 8 weeks
Average rating of participant assessment that the app is appropriate for managing cravings, stress, and anxiety as assessed by the Intervention Appropriateness Measure
The measure has 4 items on a scale from 1 (completely disagree) to 5 (completely agree). Higher scores are better outcomes. The citation for the measure is Weiner BJ, Lewis CC, Stanick C, et al. Psychometric assessment of three newly developed implementation outcome measures. Implement Sci 2017; 12(1):108.
Measured: 8 weeks
Average rating of participant assessment of whether the app was easy and practical to use as assessed by the Feasibility of Intervention Measure.
Feasibility entails participant assessment of whether the app was easy and practical to use. The measure has 4 items on a scale from 1 (completely disagree) to 5 (completely agree). Higher scores are better outcomes. The citation for the measure is Weiner BJ, Lewis CC, Stanick C, et al. Psychometric assessment of three newly developed implementation outcome measures. Implement Sci 2017; 12(1):108.
Measured: 8 weeks
Secondary outcomes (3)
Average rating of participant assessment of their frequency of drug craving as assessed by the Aggregated Drug Craving Scale.
The measure has 5 items on a scale from 0 (Never - 0 times over the past month) to 6 (Nearly all of the time - more than 40 times or more than 6 times per day). Lower scores are better outcomes. The citation for the measure is: Costello MJ, Viel C, Li Y, Oshri A, MacKillop J. Psychometric validation of an adaptation of the Penn Alcohol Craving Scale to assess aggregated drug craving. J Subst Abuse Treat 2020; 119:108127.
Measured: 8 weeks
Average rating of participant assessment of their frequency of experieincing stress as assessed by the Peceived Stress Scale.
The measure has 10 items on a scale from 0 (Never) to 4 (Very Often). Lower scores a better outcomes. The citation for the measure is: Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R. A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of health and social behavior. 1983 Dec 1:385-96.
Measured: 8 weeks
Average rating of participant assessment of their frequency of experieincing anxiety as measured by the Beck Anxiety Inventory.
The measure has 21 items on a scale from 0 (Not at all) to 4 (Severely). Lower scores are better outcomes. The citation for the measure is: Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol 1988; 56(6):893-7.
Measured: 8 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted26 Apr 2023
- Study start9 Mar 2021
- Primary completion31 Aug 2023
- Study completion31 Aug 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (10)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Substance-Related DisordersStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Model description
- A convenience sample of participants are chosen for the intervention. There is no waitlist or control condition,
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Texas at Austin
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Fiona Conway, University of Texas at Austin
- Investigators
- Fiona Conway, PhD, Principal investigator, The University of Texas at Austin
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05830773
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- STUDY00000590
- Status last verified
- Jan 2024
- First submitted
- 30 Mar 2023
- Last updated
- 9 Jan 2024
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: No individual participant data (IPD) will be shared
Publications
Vafaie N, Kober H. Association of Drug Cues and Craving With Drug Use and Relapse: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry. 2022 Jul 1;79(7):641-650. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.1240.
PubMed 35648415Kennedy AP, Epstein DH, Jobes ML, Agage D, Tyburski M, Phillips KA, Ali AA, Bari R, Hossain SM, Hovsepian K, Rahman MM, Ertin E, Kumar S, Preston KL. Continuous in-the-field measurement of heart rate: Correlates of drug use, craving, stress, and mood in polydrug users. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015 Jun 1;151:159-66. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.03.024. Epub 2015 Apr 7.
PubMed 25920802Price JL, Bates ME, Morgano J, Todaro S, Uhouse SG, Vaschillo E, Vaschillo B, Pawlak A, Buckman JF. Effects of arousal modulation via resonance breathing on craving and affect in women with substance use disorder. Addict Behav. 2022 Apr;127:107207. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107207. Epub 2021 Dec 17.
PubMed 34953433Brzozowski A, White RG, Mitchell IJ, Beech AR, Gillespie SM. A feasibility trial of an instructed breathing course in prison to improve emotion regulation in people with substance use difficulties. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology 2020; 32(2):308-25.
Weiner BJ, Lewis CC, Stanick C, Powell BJ, Dorsey CN, Clary AS, Boynton MH, Halko H. Psychometric assessment of three newly developed implementation outcome measures. Implement Sci. 2017 Aug 29;12(1):108. doi: 10.1186/s13012-017-0635-3.
PubMed 28851459Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988 Dec;56(6):893-7. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.56.6.893. No abstract available.
PubMed 3204199Proctor E, Silmere H, Raghavan R, Hovmand P, Aarons G, Bunger A, Griffey R, Hensley M. Outcomes for implementation research: conceptual distinctions, measurement challenges, and research agenda. Adm Policy Ment Health. 2011 Mar;38(2):65-76. doi: 10.1007/s10488-010-0319-7.
PubMed 20957426Costello MJ, Viel C, Li Y, Oshri A, MacKillop J. Psychometric validation of an adaptation of the Penn Alcohol Craving Scale to assess aggregated drug craving. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2020 Dec;119:108127. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2020.108127. Epub 2020 Sep 16.
PubMed 33138922Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R. A global measure of perceived stress. J Health Soc Behav. 1983 Dec;24(4):385-96. No abstract available.
PubMed 6668417Conway FN, Kane H, Dorsainvil M, Kennedy P, Cance JD. Mobile resonance frequency breathing smartphone application to support recovery among people with opioid use disorder: Study protocol for feasibility study. PLoS One. 2024 Jan 31;19(1):e0296278. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296278. eCollection 2024.
PubMed 38295049
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 9 Jan 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Resonance Breathing Opioid Use Disorder
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05830773
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- STUDY00000590
- Conditions
- Substance-Related Disorders
- Keywords
- opioid use disorder, resonance breathing, substance use disorder, heart rate variability, drug craving
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of Texas at AustinUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)
- Study start
- 9 Mar 2021 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Aug 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 31 Aug 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 26 Apr 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study aims to assess the feasibility of an intervention for the management of craving, stress, anxiety, and depression among people who use opioids via a resonance breathing smartphone app.
Detailed description
Most evidence-based treatments for substance use disorders (SUD) require face-to-face interactions with individuals who comprise a recovery support network. However, in the moment relapse occurs, people in recovery are often not in the presence of these trusted individuals. This project aims to address this issue by providing people in recovery with an application (app) that can be added to phones and other mobile devices to help them manage cravings, anxiety, and stress triggers at the specific moments they feel compelled to use. The connection between an individuals mind and body works in both directions. Psychological distress can cause psychosomatic symptoms in the body (e.g., stress is related to multiple chronic health conditions), but individuals can also use their bodies to affect psychology aspects (e.g., exercise can improve mood by releasing endorphins). A similar scientific theory is the foundation of controlled breathing interventions for anxiety, stress, and drug cravings. Psychological distress can disrupt the balance of our Autonomic Nervous System (which is responsible for our fight or flight response to threat), but breathing exercises can restore balance and decrease stress. The goal of this study is to test the feasibility, utility, and efficacy of an app that delivers controlled breathing exercises.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
- Model description
- A convenience sample of participants are chosen for the intervention. There is no waitlist or control condition,
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| App Trial | Experimental | Other: Resonance Breathing ExercisesUse of the smartphone app |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- To be eligible, participants need to be the legal age of majority (18 years of age or older), have the ability to read and speak in English, and have a history of alcohol or illicit drug use.
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Individuals with no access to a smartphone phone with a data plan, inability to provide consent and having suicidal thoughts or psychotic episodes.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Resonance Breathing ExercisesThis intervention uses the Camera Heart Rate Variability (CHRV) smartphone application, a resonance breathing app that is available for download to iPhones and Android devices. The CHRV app uses Photoplethysmography (PPG) technology to measure heart rate. PPG is a noninvasive technology that uses a light source (the phone's flashlight) and a photodetector (the phone's camera lens) at the surface of one's skin to measure the volumetric variations of blood circulation. The app also has a timer (to allow the participant to see how long they use the app in each session). The iPhone version of the app also has a breathing pacer (a bar that moves up and down to show the participant when to inhale and exhale). Participants are instructed to initiate a resonance breathing session for at least 5 minutes every day and whenever they experience cravings, feel like they are going to relapse, feel anxious or stressed, or just want to feel calm. | Other | App Trial |
Primary outcome
Average rating of participant satisfaction with the app as assessed by the Acceptability of Intervention Measure
Time frame: 8 weeks
The measure has 4 items on a scale from 1 (completely disagree) to 5 (completely agree). Higher scores are better outcomes. The citation for the measure is Weiner BJ, Lewis CC, Stanick C, et al. Psychometric assessment of three newly developed implementation outcome measures. Implement Sci 2017; 12(1):108.
Average rating of participant assessment that the app is appropriate for managing cravings, stress, and anxiety as assessed by the Intervention Appropriateness Measure
Time frame: 8 weeks
The measure has 4 items on a scale from 1 (completely disagree) to 5 (completely agree). Higher scores are better outcomes. The citation for the measure is Weiner BJ, Lewis CC, Stanick C, et al. Psychometric assessment of three newly developed implementation outcome measures. Implement Sci 2017; 12(1):108.
Average rating of participant assessment of whether the app was easy and practical to use as assessed by the Feasibility of Intervention Measure.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Feasibility entails participant assessment of whether the app was easy and practical to use. The measure has 4 items on a scale from 1 (completely disagree) to 5 (completely agree). Higher scores are better outcomes. The citation for the measure is Weiner BJ, Lewis CC, Stanick C, et al. Psychometric assessment of three newly developed implementation outcome measures. Implement Sci 2017; 12(1):108.
3 secondary outcomes
Average rating of participant assessment of their frequency of drug craving as assessed by the Aggregated Drug Craving Scale.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Average rating of participant assessment of their frequency of experieincing stress as assessed by the Peceived Stress Scale.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Average rating of participant assessment of their frequency of experieincing anxiety as measured by the Beck Anxiety Inventory.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 9 Jan 2024.
- Background: PubMed 35648415Vafaie N, Kober H. Association of Drug Cues and Craving With Drug Use and Relapse: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry. 2022 Jul 1;79(7):641-650. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.1240.
- Background: PubMed 25920802Kennedy AP, Epstein DH, Jobes ML, Agage D, Tyburski M, Phillips KA, Ali AA, Bari R, Hossain SM, Hovsepian K, Rahman MM, Ertin E, Kumar S, Preston KL. Continuous in-the-field measurement of heart rate: Correlates of drug use, craving, stress, and mood in polydrug users. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015 Jun 1;151:159-66. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.03.024. Epub 2015 Apr 7.
- Background: PubMed 34953433Price JL, Bates ME, Morgano J, Todaro S, Uhouse SG, Vaschillo E, Vaschillo B, Pawlak A, Buckman JF. Effects of arousal modulation via resonance breathing on craving and affect in women with substance use disorder. Addict Behav. 2022 Apr;127:107207. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107207. Epub 2021 Dec 17.
- BackgroundBrzozowski A, White RG, Mitchell IJ, Beech AR, Gillespie SM. A feasibility trial of an instructed breathing course in prison to improve emotion regulation in people with substance use difficulties. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology 2020; 32(2):308-25.
- Background: PubMed 28851459Weiner BJ, Lewis CC, Stanick C, Powell BJ, Dorsey CN, Clary AS, Boynton MH, Halko H. Psychometric assessment of three newly developed implementation outcome measures. Implement Sci. 2017 Aug 29;12(1):108. doi: 10.1186/s13012-017-0635-3.
- Background: PubMed 3204199Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988 Dec;56(6):893-7. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.56.6.893. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 20957426Proctor E, Silmere H, Raghavan R, Hovmand P, Aarons G, Bunger A, Griffey R, Hensley M. Outcomes for implementation research: conceptual distinctions, measurement challenges, and research agenda. Adm Policy Ment Health. 2011 Mar;38(2):65-76. doi: 10.1007/s10488-010-0319-7.
- Background: PubMed 33138922Costello MJ, Viel C, Li Y, Oshri A, MacKillop J. Psychometric validation of an adaptation of the Penn Alcohol Craving Scale to assess aggregated drug craving. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2020 Dec;119:108127. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2020.108127. Epub 2020 Sep 16.
- Background: PubMed 6668417Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R. A global measure of perceived stress. J Health Soc Behav. 1983 Dec;24(4):385-96. No abstract available.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 38295049Conway FN, Kane H, Dorsainvil M, Kennedy P, Cance JD. Mobile resonance frequency breathing smartphone application to support recovery among people with opioid use disorder: Study protocol for feasibility study. PLoS One. 2024 Jan 31;19(1):e0296278. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296278. eCollection 2024.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. No individual participant data (IPD) will be shared
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Fiona Conway, PhD principal investigator
The University of Texas at Austin
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Resonance Breathing Exercises in people with Substance-Related Disorders, run by University of Texas at Austin at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 9 Jan 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Average rating of participant satisfaction with the app as assessed by the Acceptability of Intervention Measure (time frame: 8 weeks). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05830773, which also lists 10 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 9 Jan 2024.