Hand HygieneNCT05848596
Handwashing Knowledge and Practice of Palliative Care
A study testing hand hygiene theoretical training and hand hygiene theoretical + simulation training in people with Hand Hygiene, run by Istanbul Sultanbeyli State Hospital at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This study was planned as a randomized controlled study to evaluate the effect of hand hygiene training given to the companions in the palliative care service with standard patient simulation on hand washing knowledge and practices. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Hand Hygiene
- What is being tested?
- hand hygiene theoretical training and hand hygiene theoretical + simulation training
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 60 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Jul 2023to 1 Dec 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Over eighteen years old
- Least literate
- Able to communicate effectively
- Filling the data collection tools completely
Who cannot join
- Under the age of eighteen
- İlliterate
- No effective communication
- İncomplete data collection tools
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Sultanbeyli Devlet Hastanesi
Istanbul, Istanbul, 34000
About this study
Official title: The Effect of Simulation-Based Training on Palliative Caregivers' Hand Hygiene Knowledge and Practices: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled, Single-Center Study
This study was planned as a randomized controlled study to evaluate the effect of hand hygiene training given to the companions in the palliative care service with standard patient simulation on hand washing knowledge and practices.
Companions who are over the age of eighteen, who are at least literate, who can communicate effectively, and who fully fill in the data collection tools will be included in the study.
The key questions it aims to answer Does the hand hygiene training given with standard patient simulation have an effect on the hand washing knowledge of the attendants? Do the attendants participating in the hand hygiene training given with standard patient simulation have an effect on hand washing practices?
Read the detailed description
Palliative care is an interdisciplinary approach that provides health care services for patients with cancer, Alzheimer's, chronic diseases and organ failure such as heart, lung and kidney and provides treatment and support services by including family members in order to reduce pain, manage symptoms and improve quality of life in patients. is the approach.
Palliative care can be provided in hospitals, primary health care institutions, home settings and nursing homes. The economic difficulties of individuals in meeting the health care services offered in hospitals and the difficulties in reaching health care institutions have revealed the necessity of home care services. However, the inability of sick individuals to receive regular and effective home care services by the same health professionals has created different problems. Although palliative care has been established rapidly in our country, the number and training of health professionals is insufficient. Therefore, it becomes difficult to provide services to individuals in need of health care.
Factors such as inadequacies in the management of symptoms in the palliative care process, worsening of the disease prognosis and inability to provide the necessary medical support create many problems.The complexity of palliative care also creates problems in providing quality care to patients. Caregiving is not only limited to helping, but also provides support in terms of physical, mental, psychological, social and economic aspects. Experienced in the maintenance process; The characteristics of the care environment and the insufficient support affect the relatives of the patients negatively.As a result of these situations, the relatives of the patients are involved in a difficult situation to cope with.
Generally, first-degree relatives of the patients undertake the duty of accompanying them. The companion practice, which is accepted among the patient rights, meets the needs of the patients due to the low number of nurses. While the companions experience emotional problems due to their closeness to the sick individuals, they also have auxiliary roles such as helping the patient to eat, making him move, helping him get dressed or dressed, drinking his medication under the control of health professionals, and changing the bed linens.
Palliative care patients are the group most affected by infections due to invasive procedures for diagnosis and treatment, complications, weak immune system of the patient, and existing acute and chronic diseases. One of the most effective and easy ways to control infections and prevent their spread, both in daily life and in hospitals, is to provide hand hygiene. In hospital settings, infection prevention and control procedures recognize hand washing as the primary solution. Poor hand hygiene increases the risk of nosocomial infections, which negatively affect the patient's treatment, cause health complications, and thus prolong the hospital stay. In controlling hospital infections, hand hygiene behaviors and awareness of patient companions, who have an important place in the care of patients, should be considered as well as the hand hygiene behaviors and awareness of healthcare professionals in palliative care. Warning measures such as hand hygiene education related to prevention of nosocomial infections can reduce the risk of transmission. In a study conducted in 2019, it was determined that repeated trainings on hand hygiene and the posters prepared improved the hand hygiene of the companions. In the study conducted in 2015, it was stated that the hand hygiene of health professionals and companions will ensure the prevention and control of infections and that the trainings given will increase their hand hygiene behavior and awareness. In addition, in the study conducted in 2014, in which the hand hygiene compliance of the auxiliary service personnel was investigated, it was determined that education was effective on the hand hygiene compliance of the auxiliary service personnel. İt was determined that the hand hygiene compliance status would develop positively as the information about hand hygiene increased.
While the studies on hand hygiene in the literature deal with healthcare professionals, there is no study on hand hygiene of the companions who support the patient's care in the palliative care process. In order to protect patients from infection in the palliative care process, it is very important to evaluate the companions within the chain of infection and to support them in order to provide appropriate hand hygiene.
The study was planned to evaluate the effect of hand hygiene training given to the companions in the palliative care service with standard patient simulation on hand washing knowledge and practices.
- Conditions
- Hand Hygiene
- Being tested
- hand hygiene theoretical training, hand hygiene theoretical + simulation training
- Keywords
- Palliative Care, Hand Hygiene, Simulation Training
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
hand hygiene theoretical trainingOther
Hand hygiene theoretical training
- Powerpoint presentation,
- How to ensure hand hygiene according to the demonstration method,
hand hygiene theoretical + simulation trainingOther
Hand hygiene theoretical training
- Powerpoint presentation,
- How to ensure hand hygiene according to the demonstration method,
Hand hygiene simulation training will be carried out by the researcher in an environment with a sink.
- Simulation-based training on standard patients,
- Hand hygiene application and important points to be considered during the application will be emphasized.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Hand hygiene training | Active comparator | Hand hygiene theoretical training and simulation application Receives: Other: hand hygiene theoretical + simulation training |
| Observation group | Placebo comparator | Hand hygiene theoretical training was given. Receives: Other: hand hygiene theoretical training |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Hand Washing Information Evaluation Form
Before starting the research, "Hand Hygiene Practice Inventory", "Hand Hygiene Compliance Scale for auxiliary service personnel", "Social Hand Washing Attitude Scale" and clinical observations were adapted to the palliative care process by the researchers and submitted to the approval of 8 experts. The "Hand Washing Information Evaluation Form", which evaluates the awareness of handwashing and the behavior of the patient about which interventions to apply hand hygiene, consists of 23 questions in total. Participants can get points between 23 and 112. Higher scores indicate better knowledge.
Measured: 4 weeks
Hand Washing Applications Evaluation Form
The "Hand Washing Applications Evaluation Form", which was adapted to the palliative care process by the researchers in line with the World Health Organization's Hand Hygiene Guidelines and submitted to the approval of 8 experts, and which provides control of the handwashing practices of the participants, consists of a total of 18 check-list. Participants can get points between 0 and 18. Higher scores indicate better applications.
Measured: 4 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted8 May 2023
- Study start1 Jul 2023
- Primary completion17 Sep 2023
- Study completion1 Dec 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (4)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Hand HygieneStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Screening
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Preliminary information will be given to the experimental group before the application of the simulation. After the preliminary information, training will be given to the experimental group. In addition, how to provide hand washing will be shown with a demonstration method. After the training, the simulation application will be carried out. After the simulation application is completed, the attendants will be asked to make their self-evaluations. Then, a second feedback will be given by the trainer and the analysis session will be terminated. A handwashing brochure will be provided after the study data has been collected. No intervention will be applied to the control group after the pre-test. A handwashing brochure will be provided after the study data has been collected.
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Istanbul Sultanbeyli State Hospital
- Sponsor type
- Other government
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, murat koç, Istanbul Sultanbeyli State Hospital
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05848596
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2023s01
- Status last verified
- Oct 2026
- First submitted
- 16 Apr 2023
- Last updated
- 21 Oct 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Allegranzi B, Pittet D. Role of hand hygiene in healthcare-associated infection prevention. J Hosp Infect. 2009 Dec;73(4):305-15. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2009.04.019. Epub 2009 Aug 31.
PubMed 19720430Fox C, Wavra T, Drake DA, Mulligan D, Bennett YP, Nelson C, Kirkwood P, Jones L, Bader MK. Use of a patient hand hygiene protocol to reduce hospital-acquired infections and improve nurses' hand washing. Am J Crit Care. 2015 May;24(3):216-24. doi: 10.4037/ajcc2015898.
PubMed 25934718Kavalieratos D, Gelfman LP, Tycon LE, Riegel B, Bekelman DB, Ikejiani DZ, Goldstein N, Kimmel SE, Bakitas MA, Arnold RM. Palliative Care in Heart Failure: Rationale, Evidence, and Future Priorities. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017 Oct 10;70(15):1919-1930. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.08.036.
PubMed 28982506Yalcin Atar N, Koc M. The Effect of Simulation-Based Training on the Hand Hygiene Knowledge and Practices of Palliative Caregivers: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Single-Center Study. Nurs Health Sci. 2024 Sep;26(3):e13164. doi: 10.1111/nhs.13164.
PubMed 39301983
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 21 Oct 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Simulation-Based Training on Palliative Caregivers' Hand Hygiene Knowledge and Practices: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled, Single-Center Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05848596
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2023s01
- Conditions
- Hand Hygiene
- Keywords
- Palliative Care, Hand Hygiene, Simulation Training
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Istanbul Sultanbeyli State HospitalOther government
- Study start
- 1 Jul 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 17 Sep 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Dec 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 8 May 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study was planned as a randomized controlled study to evaluate the effect of hand hygiene training given to the companions in the palliative care service with standard patient simulation on hand washing knowledge and practices.
Companions who are over the age of eighteen, who are at least literate, who can communicate effectively, and who fully fill in the data collection tools will be included in the study.
The key questions it aims to answer Does the hand hygiene training given with standard patient simulation have an effect on the hand washing knowledge of the attendants? Do the attendants participating in the hand hygiene training given with standard patient simulation have an effect on hand washing practices?
Detailed description
Palliative care is an interdisciplinary approach that provides health care services for patients with cancer, Alzheimer's, chronic diseases and organ failure such as heart, lung and kidney and provides treatment and support services by including family members in order to reduce pain, manage symptoms and improve quality of life in patients. is the approach.
Palliative care can be provided in hospitals, primary health care institutions, home settings and nursing homes. The economic difficulties of individuals in meeting the health care services offered in hospitals and the difficulties in reaching health care institutions have revealed the necessity of home care services. However, the inability of sick individuals to receive regular and effective home care services by the same health professionals has created different problems. Although palliative care has been established rapidly in our country, the number and training of health professionals is insufficient. Therefore, it becomes difficult to provide services to individuals in need of health care.
Factors such as inadequacies in the management of symptoms in the palliative care process, worsening of the disease prognosis and inability to provide the necessary medical support create many problems.The complexity of palliative care also creates problems in providing quality care to patients. Caregiving is not only limited to helping, but also provides support in terms of physical, mental, psychological, social and economic aspects. Experienced in the maintenance process; The characteristics of the care environment and the insufficient support affect the relatives of the patients negatively.As a result of these situations, the relatives of the patients are involved in a difficult situation to cope with.
Generally, first-degree relatives of the patients undertake the duty of accompanying them. The companion practice, which is accepted among the patient rights, meets the needs of the patients due to the low number of nurses. While the companions experience emotional problems due to their closeness to the sick individuals, they also have auxiliary roles such as helping the patient to eat, making him move, helping him get dressed or dressed, drinking his medication under the control of health professionals, and changing the bed linens.
Palliative care patients are the group most affected by infections due to invasive procedures for diagnosis and treatment, complications, weak immune system of the patient, and existing acute and chronic diseases. One of the most effective and easy ways to control infections and prevent their spread, both in daily life and in hospitals, is to provide hand hygiene. In hospital settings, infection prevention and control procedures recognize hand washing as the primary solution. Poor hand hygiene increases the risk of nosocomial infections, which negatively affect the patient's treatment, cause health complications, and thus prolong the hospital stay. In controlling hospital infections, hand hygiene behaviors and awareness of patient companions, who have an important place in the care of patients, should be considered as well as the hand hygiene behaviors and awareness of healthcare professionals in palliative care. Warning measures such as hand hygiene education related to prevention of nosocomial infections can reduce the risk of transmission. In a study conducted in 2019, it was determined that repeated trainings on hand hygiene and the posters prepared improved the hand hygiene of the companions. In the study conducted in 2015, it was stated that the hand hygiene of health professionals and companions will ensure the prevention and control of infections and that the trainings given will increase their hand hygiene behavior and awareness. In addition, in the study conducted in 2014, in which the hand hygiene compliance of the auxiliary service personnel was investigated, it was determined that education was effective on the hand hygiene compliance of the auxiliary service personnel. İt was determined that the hand hygiene compliance status would develop positively as the information about hand hygiene increased.
While the studies on hand hygiene in the literature deal with healthcare professionals, there is no study on hand hygiene of the companions who support the patient's care in the palliative care process. In order to protect patients from infection in the palliative care process, it is very important to evaluate the companions within the chain of infection and to support them in order to provide appropriate hand hygiene.
The study was planned to evaluate the effect of hand hygiene training given to the companions in the palliative care service with standard patient simulation on hand washing knowledge and practices.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Screening
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Preliminary information will be given to the experimental group before the application of the simulation. After the preliminary information, training will be given to the experimental group. In addition, how to provide hand washing will be shown with a demonstration method. After the training, the simulation application will be carried out. After the simulation application is completed, the attendants will be asked to make their self-evaluations. Then, a second feedback will be given by the trainer and the analysis session will be terminated. A handwashing brochure will be provided after the study data has been collected. No intervention will be applied to the control group after the pre-test. A handwashing brochure will be provided after the study data has been collected.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Hand hygiene training | Active comparator | Other: hand hygiene theoretical + simulation trainingHand hygiene theoretical training and simulation application |
| Observation group | Placebo comparator | Other: hand hygiene theoretical trainingHand hygiene theoretical training was given. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Over eighteen years old
- Least literate
- Able to communicate effectively
- Filling the data collection tools completely
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Under the age of eighteen
- İlliterate
- No effective communication
- İncomplete data collection tools
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| hand hygiene theoretical trainingHand hygiene theoretical training * Powerpoint presentation, * How to ensure hand hygiene according to the demonstration method, | Other | Observation group |
| hand hygiene theoretical + simulation trainingHand hygiene theoretical training * Powerpoint presentation, * How to ensure hand hygiene according to the demonstration method, Hand hygiene simulation training will be carried out by the researcher in an environment with a sink. * Simulation-based training on standard patients, * Hand hygiene application and important points to be considered during the application will be emphasized. | Other | Hand hygiene training |
Primary outcome
Hand Washing Information Evaluation Form
Time frame: 4 weeks
Before starting the research, "Hand Hygiene Practice Inventory", "Hand Hygiene Compliance Scale for auxiliary service personnel", "Social Hand Washing Attitude Scale" and clinical observations were adapted to the palliative care process by the researchers and submitted to the approval of 8 experts. The "Hand Washing Information Evaluation Form", which evaluates the awareness of handwashing and the behavior of the patient about which interventions to apply hand hygiene, consists of 23 questions in total. Participants can get points between 23 and 112. Higher scores indicate better knowledge.
Hand Washing Applications Evaluation Form
Time frame: 4 weeks
The "Hand Washing Applications Evaluation Form", which was adapted to the palliative care process by the researchers in line with the World Health Organization's Hand Hygiene Guidelines and submitted to the approval of 8 experts, and which provides control of the handwashing practices of the participants, consists of a total of 18 check-list. Participants can get points between 0 and 18. Higher scores indicate better applications.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 21 Oct 2026.
- Background: PubMed 19720430Allegranzi B, Pittet D. Role of hand hygiene in healthcare-associated infection prevention. J Hosp Infect. 2009 Dec;73(4):305-15. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2009.04.019. Epub 2009 Aug 31.
- Background: PubMed 25934718Fox C, Wavra T, Drake DA, Mulligan D, Bennett YP, Nelson C, Kirkwood P, Jones L, Bader MK. Use of a patient hand hygiene protocol to reduce hospital-acquired infections and improve nurses' hand washing. Am J Crit Care. 2015 May;24(3):216-24. doi: 10.4037/ajcc2015898.
- Background: PubMed 28982506Kavalieratos D, Gelfman LP, Tycon LE, Riegel B, Bekelman DB, Ikejiani DZ, Goldstein N, Kimmel SE, Bakitas MA, Arnold RM. Palliative Care in Heart Failure: Rationale, Evidence, and Future Priorities. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017 Oct 10;70(15):1919-1930. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.08.036.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 39301983Yalcin Atar N, Koc M. The Effect of Simulation-Based Training on the Hand Hygiene Knowledge and Practices of Palliative Caregivers: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Single-Center Study. Nurs Health Sci. 2024 Sep;26(3):e13164. doi: 10.1111/nhs.13164.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Hand Hygiene
Not yet recruiting
Effect of Digital Method-Based Hand Hygiene Education on Handwashing Skills in Primary School Students
Hand Hygiene, School Health, Primary School Students, Health Education
Recruiting
Tailor VHA HH Bundle for Acute Mental Health Care
Hand Hygiene Compliance
Not yet recruitingObservational study
Hand Hygiene Compliance and Bacterial Colonization on Personal Belongings
Intensive Care Nurses, Bacterial Colonization
Not yet recruiting
Fluorescent Hand Hygiene Training and Long-Term Effects in First-Year Nursing Students
Hand Hygiene Compliance, Hand Hygiene Effectiveness
Recruiting
Effectiveness of VR on the Sustainability of Hand Hygiene Compliance: School-based RCT With 10-month Follow-up
Hand, Hygiene Practices and Knowledge
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing hand hygiene theoretical training and hand hygiene theoretical + simulation training in people with Hand Hygiene, run by Istanbul Sultanbeyli State Hospital at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 21 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Hand Washing Information Evaluation Form (time frame: 4 weeks). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05848596, which also lists 4 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 21 Oct 2026.