Technology AddictionNCT05869175
Health Problems Caused by Technology Addiction in Preschool Children
An observational study of Technology Addiction, run by Karabuk University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Technological products are tools that make human life easier. Among these tools that have become an indispensable part of human life, smart devices, namely smart phones, tablets and computers, have a special place. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 3 to 6 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Technology Addiction
- How many people
- 56 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 May 2023to 31 Dec 2023
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 3 to 6 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child
Study population: The preschool period includes 60 children with technology addiction.
Who may be able to join
- Having consented to participate in the study by their parents
- Having normal development
- Absence of neurodevelopmental or neuromotor disability
Who cannot join
- Those who were not approved by their parents to participate in the study.
- Presence of neurodevelopmental or neuromotor disability
- Children with physical or mental disabilities
- Having an orthopedic or metabolic problem
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Evaluation of the Relationship Between Technology Addiction and Posture Disorder, Balance and Muscle Strength in Preschool Children
Technological products are tools that make human life easier. Among these tools that have become an indispensable part of human life, smart devices, namely smart phones, tablets and computers, have a special place. It is seen that the time spent by both parents and children in the family with smart devices has increased for various reasons. This situation creates effects on the developmental processes of children.
In the literature, it is seen that children and adolescents are more exposed to digital technology. Preschoolers, unlike other children, are in the process of forming healthy habits that will continue to reflect their future quality of life. Incorrect posture in preschool and school-aged children can cause extremely serious health problems in adulthood, if not detected and removed in time. Knowledge of postural control and muscle strength can be important both for identifying children at high risk of falls and injury and for developing fall and injury prevention intervention programs.
Read more
More specifically, knowledge of a potential relationship between postural control and muscle strength can assist in tailoring specially designed injury and fall prevention intervention programs.
As a result, with the changing world, the age at which children start using technological devices is gradually decreasing, and as age increases, the duration of device use also increases. Provider, children's exposure to technology will be much longer than adults. There are no studies evaluating the relationship between technology addiction, posture disorder, balance and muscle strength in the preschool period. Generally, research has been done on technology addiction and posture disorder.
The aim of our research is not only to investigate the technology addiction and posture disorder of preschool children, but also to evaluate the relationship between future muscle strength and balance of the posture disorder that may occur.
Read the detailed description
Technological products are tools that make human life easier. Among these tools that have become an indispensable part of human life, smart devices, namely smart phones, tablets and computers, have a special place. Considering the studies, the age at which children start using technological devices is gradually decreasing and their physical activity is decreasing more because they spend more time with technological devices and are more inactive due to the increase in technology addiction. This situation creates negative effects on the developmental processes of children. Some of these effects are postural disturbance, decreased muscle strength and balance. No study was found that evaluated the relationship between technology addiction, posture disorder, balance and muscle strength in the preschool period. Generally, research has been done on technology addiction and posture disorder.
The aim of this study is not only to investigate the technology addiction and posture disorder of preschool children, but also to evaluate the relationship between future muscle strength and balance of the posture disorder that may occur.
This study can increase the awareness of parents and teachers by detecting health problems such as posture disorder, decrease in muscle strength and balance that may occur due to technology addiction of preschool children, and it can benefit pre-school children to use technology in a beneficial way for their development, both mentally and physically.
- Conditions
- Technology Addiction
- Keywords
- preschool, posture disorder, balance, muscle strength
- Medical subject headings
- Technology Addiction
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Problematic Technology Use scale for Children
The scale was published as 26 items. The scale consists of four factors in total, eight items in the Continuity of Use sub-dimension, six items in the second sub-dimension, Resistance to Control, five items in the third sub-dimension, Impact on Development, and seven items in the fourth sub-dimension, Deprivation-Escape.
In the score calculation of the scale, the statements changing from "I strongly disagree" to "I totally agree" are scored from 1 to 5. The score that can be obtained from the scale varies between 26 and 130. There is no reverse item in the measurement tool. The increase in the score obtained from the measurement tool indicates that the level of problematic technology use of the child increases. The validity and reliability study of the Turkish form of the scale was performed by Ahmet, Onder, and Omer (2022).
Measured: First Day
Secondary outcomes (3)
New York Posture Analysis
Posture changes are observed in 13 different parts of the body, including head, neck, shoulder, back, waist, hip and ankle. According to the results of the observation, five (5) points are given if the person has a correct posture, three (3) points if the posture is moderately impaired, and one (1) point if there is a serious deterioration. The total score obtained as a result of the test varies between 13-65.
Measured: First Day
Pediatric Balance Scale
It includes sitting balance, standing balance, transition from sitting to standing/switching from standing to sitting, transfers, taking a step, reaching forward, reaching down, turning, stepping on a step. It consists of 14 items, each item is scored between 0-4. A score of 0 indicates that he cannot do the instruction, and a score of 4 indicates that he can do it without difficulty. The total score is between 0-56. A low total score indicates a decrease in the balance function.
Measured: First Day
Muscle Strength
After the tests are explained in a way that children can understand, they will be administered with three repetitions of trials and each test will be administered with 15-second rest intervals between tests to prevent fatigue. The isometric contraction force value obtained with the device resistance will be recorded three times and averaged. In all cases, trunk extensors and flexors, bilateral hip flexors, abductors, adductors, extensors, knee extensors and flexors, ankle dorsiflexor and plantarflexor muscle strength values will be measured.
Measured: First Day
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted22 May 2023
- Study start1 May 2023
- Primary completion1 Dec 2023
- Study completion31 Dec 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (5)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Technology AddictionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Case only
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Enrolment
- 56 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Karabuk University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, METEHAN YANA, Karabuk University
- Investigators
- Agabek Orunbayev Physiotherapist, Study chair, Karabuk UniversityMusa Güneş Msc, Study director, Karabuk UniversityMetehan Yana PhD, Principal investigator, Karabuk University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05869175
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Addiction
- Status last verified
- Jan 2024
- First submitted
- 10 May 2023
- Last updated
- 18 Jan 2024
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
Franjoine MR, Gunther JS, Taylor MJ. Pediatric balance scale: a modified version of the berg balance scale for the school-age child with mild to moderate motor impairment. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2003 Summer;15(2):114-28. doi: 10.1097/01.PEP.0000068117.48023.18.
PubMed 17057441Howie EK, Coenen P, Campbell AC, Ranelli S, Straker LM. Head, trunk and arm posture amplitude and variation, muscle activity, sedentariness and physical activity of 3 to 5 year-old children during tablet computer use compared to television watching and toy play. Appl Ergon. 2017 Nov;65:41-50. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2017.05.011. Epub 2017 Jun 7.
PubMed 28802459Hytonen M, Pyykko I, Aalto H, Starck J. Postural control and age. Acta Otolaryngol. 1993 Mar;113(2):119-22. doi: 10.3109/00016489309135778.
PubMed 8475724Kobel S, Henle L, Laemmle C, Wartha O, Szagun B, Steinacker JM. Intervention Effects of a Kindergarten-Based Health Promotion Programme on Motor Abilities in Early Childhood. Front Public Health. 2020 Jun 30;8:219. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00219. eCollection 2020.
PubMed 32695738Taylor NF, Dodd KJ, Graham HK. Test-retest reliability of hand-held dynamometric strength testing in young people with cerebral palsy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004 Jan;85(1):77-80. doi: 10.1016/s0003-9993(03)00379-4.
PubMed 14970972
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 18 Jan 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Evaluation of the Relationship Between Technology Addiction and Posture Disorder, Balance and Muscle Strength in Preschool Children
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05869175
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Addiction
- Conditions
- Technology Addiction
- Keywords
- preschool, posture disorder, balance, muscle strength
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 56 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Karabuk UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 May 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Dec 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 31 Dec 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 22 May 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Technological products are tools that make human life easier. Among these tools that have become an indispensable part of human life, smart devices, namely smart phones, tablets and computers, have a special place. It is seen that the time spent by both parents and children in the family with smart devices has increased for various reasons. This situation creates effects on the developmental processes of children.
In the literature, it is seen that children and adolescents are more exposed to digital technology. Preschoolers, unlike other children, are in the process of forming healthy habits that will continue to reflect their future quality of life. Incorrect posture in preschool and school-aged children can cause extremely serious health problems in adulthood, if not detected and removed in time. Knowledge of postural control and muscle strength can be important both for identifying children at high risk of falls and injury and for developing fall and injury prevention intervention programs.
More specifically, knowledge of a potential relationship between postural control and muscle strength can assist in tailoring specially designed injury and fall prevention intervention programs.
As a result, with the changing world, the age at which children start using technological devices is gradually decreasing, and as age increases, the duration of device use also increases. Provider, children's exposure to technology will be much longer than adults. There are no studies evaluating the relationship between technology addiction, posture disorder, balance and muscle strength in the preschool period. Generally, research has been done on technology addiction and posture disorder.
The aim of our research is not only to investigate the technology addiction and posture disorder of preschool children, but also to evaluate the relationship between future muscle strength and balance of the posture disorder that may occur.
Detailed description
Technological products are tools that make human life easier. Among these tools that have become an indispensable part of human life, smart devices, namely smart phones, tablets and computers, have a special place. Considering the studies, the age at which children start using technological devices is gradually decreasing and their physical activity is decreasing more because they spend more time with technological devices and are more inactive due to the increase in technology addiction. This situation creates negative effects on the developmental processes of children. Some of these effects are postural disturbance, decreased muscle strength and balance. No study was found that evaluated the relationship between technology addiction, posture disorder, balance and muscle strength in the preschool period. Generally, research has been done on technology addiction and posture disorder.
The aim of this study is not only to investigate the technology addiction and posture disorder of preschool children, but also to evaluate the relationship between future muscle strength and balance of the posture disorder that may occur.
This study can increase the awareness of parents and teachers by detecting health problems such as posture disorder, decrease in muscle strength and balance that may occur due to technology addiction of preschool children, and it can benefit pre-school children to use technology in a beneficial way for their development, both mentally and physically.
Study design
- Observational model
- Case only
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 3 to 6 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child
- Study population
- The preschool period includes 60 children with technology addiction.
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Having consented to participate in the study by their parents
- Having normal development
- Absence of neurodevelopmental or neuromotor disability
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Those who were not approved by their parents to participate in the study.
- Presence of neurodevelopmental or neuromotor disability
- Children with physical or mental disabilities
- Having an orthopedic or metabolic problem
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
Problematic Technology Use scale for Children
Time frame: First Day
The scale was published as 26 items. The scale consists of four factors in total, eight items in the Continuity of Use sub-dimension, six items in the second sub-dimension, Resistance to Control, five items in the third sub-dimension, Impact on Development, and seven items in the fourth sub-dimension, Deprivation-Escape. In the score calculation of the scale, the statements changing from "I strongly disagree" to "I totally agree" are scored from 1 to 5. The score that can be obtained from the scale varies between 26 and 130. There is no reverse item in the measurement tool. The increase in the score obtained from the measurement tool indicates that the level of problematic technology use of the child increases. The validity and reliability study of the Turkish form of the scale was performed by Ahmet, Onder, and Omer (2022).
3 secondary outcomes
New York Posture Analysis
Time frame: First Day
Pediatric Balance Scale
Time frame: First Day
Muscle Strength
Time frame: First Day
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 18 Jan 2024.
- Background: PubMed 17057441Franjoine MR, Gunther JS, Taylor MJ. Pediatric balance scale: a modified version of the berg balance scale for the school-age child with mild to moderate motor impairment. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2003 Summer;15(2):114-28. doi: 10.1097/01.PEP.0000068117.48023.18.
- Background: PubMed 28802459Howie EK, Coenen P, Campbell AC, Ranelli S, Straker LM. Head, trunk and arm posture amplitude and variation, muscle activity, sedentariness and physical activity of 3 to 5 year-old children during tablet computer use compared to television watching and toy play. Appl Ergon. 2017 Nov;65:41-50. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2017.05.011. Epub 2017 Jun 7.
- Background: PubMed 8475724Hytonen M, Pyykko I, Aalto H, Starck J. Postural control and age. Acta Otolaryngol. 1993 Mar;113(2):119-22. doi: 10.3109/00016489309135778.
- Background: PubMed 32695738Kobel S, Henle L, Laemmle C, Wartha O, Szagun B, Steinacker JM. Intervention Effects of a Kindergarten-Based Health Promotion Programme on Motor Abilities in Early Childhood. Front Public Health. 2020 Jun 30;8:219. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00219. eCollection 2020.
- Background: PubMed 14970972Taylor NF, Dodd KJ, Graham HK. Test-retest reliability of hand-held dynamometric strength testing in young people with cerebral palsy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004 Jan;85(1):77-80. doi: 10.1016/s0003-9993(03)00379-4.
- Problematic Technology Use Scale for Young Children (PTUS-YC): Validity and Reliability StudyLink provided by the sponsor.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Agabek Orunbayev Physiotherapist study chair
Karabuk University
Musa Güneş Msc study director
Karabuk University
Metehan Yana PhD principal investigator
Karabuk University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Technology Addiction, run by Karabuk University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 Jan 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Problematic Technology Use scale for Children (time frame: First Day). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05869175, which also lists 5 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 Jan 2024.