StretchNCT05879042
Effects of Stretching Types on Gastrocnemius
A study testing Static Stretching, Dynamic Stretching and PNF Stretching in people with Stretch, run by Kubra Koce at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Stretching is the process of positioning certain muscles and related soft tissues of the body in a position that will lengthen them. In addition to increasing the range of motion of stretching, different stretching on many functional (maximum isometric torque, muscle-tendon stiffness, passive-resistive torque… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 45 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Stretch
- What is being tested?
- Static Stretching, Dynamic Stretching and PNF Stretching
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 60 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 30 May 2023to 8 Aug 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 45 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Be between the ages of 18-45
- Volunteer to participate in the study
Who cannot join
- Those who have had major surgery or trauma related to the musculoskeletal system, especially the ankle and calf region
- Those with neurological disease
- Those with rheumatic disease in the active period
- Those with systemic diseases (Diabetes, hypothyroidism, infection, malignancy...)
- Those with serious psychological problems (BDI score of 30 and above)
- Those with contraindications to stretching (acute inflammations, viral and bacterial infections, infectious diseases, fever, deep vein thrombosis, active malignant disease, aneurysms)
- Those who received physiotherapeutic intervention in the ankle and calf region in the last 6 months
- Obesity (BMI≥30 kg/m2)
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Effects of Different Stretching Types on Gastrocnemius Muscle Viscoelastic Properties and Performance
Stretching is the process of positioning certain muscles and related soft tissues of the body in a position that will lengthen them. In addition to increasing the range of motion of stretching, different stretching on many functional (maximum isometric torque, muscle-tendon stiffness, passive-resistive torque, viscoelastic deformation) or structural parameters (muscle stiffness, tendon stiffness, muscle fascicle length, pennation angle, neuromuscular relaxation) We can make changes using methods.
Static stretching usually involves actively or passively moving a limb to the full range of motion, holding this stretched position for 15-60 seconds, and then repeating it 2-4 times. Dynamic stretching encompasses all body movements and involves actively moving the active joints through the range of motion in a controlled manner. PNF stretching is known to be more effective than other stretching techniques as it increases both passive and active flexibility and improves joint range of motion in the short term.
The appropriate evaluation of muscle characteristics and keeping a regular record are very important for the course of rehabilitation, clinical decisions, the creation of an appropriate treatment plan, and the evaluation of treatment practices. Objective evaluation methods are needed to measure the functional state of the muscles, that is, their viscoelastic properties. Myotonometric measurement, which is a painless, objective, and non-invasive measurement method, allows the measurement of muscle tone, elasticity, and stiffness. The myotonometer device is a portable handheld device used to measure the stiffness of soft tissues, including muscles and tendons, using a non-invasive approach. It is a device that is easy to use, fast, and very suitable for the purpose. Based on this information, the aim of our study is to evaluate the effects of different stretching types on gastrocnemius muscle viscoelastic properties and performance.
- Conditions
- Stretch
- Being tested
- Static Stretching, Dynamic Stretching, PNF Stretching, Sham stretching
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Static StretchingOther
Participants will be placed in the maximum dorsiflexion position of the ankle of the dominant side lower extremities. At this last point, it will be held in a static position for 30 seconds. A total of 10 repetitions will be done, with 5-10 seconds rest between repetitions.
Dynamic StretchingOther
Participants will be positioned by placing their hands on the edge of the standing wall. They will be asked to try to increase normal ankle motion in a controlled manner using their own body weight. The stretching position will be held for 30 seconds and a total of 10 repetitions will be done. There will be 5-10 seconds rest between repetitions.
PNF StretchingOther
For the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle, the dominant side lower extremities of the participants will be placed in the extension-adduction-external position. For the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle, the dominant side lower extremities of the participants will be placed in the extension-abduction-internal rotation position. Participants will be asked to actively go as far as they can in the opposite direction from the starting position (flexion-abduction-internal rotation for the lateral head; flexion-adduction-external rotation for the medial head). When the participant returns to the starting position after reaching the final point, the practitioner will apply the hold-relax technique and will be asked to stay in this position for 10 seconds.
Sham stretchingOther
Sham stretching will be applied to the calf area. While the participant is lying prone, they will wait 30 seconds in a static position without applying any stretching to the calf area before reaching the end point of the joint range of motion.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Group 1 | Experimental | Static Stretching Receives: Other: Static Stretching |
| Group 2 | Experimental | Dynamic Stretching Receives: Other: Dynamic Stretching |
| Group 3 | Experimental | PNF Stretching Receives: Other: PNF Stretching |
| Group 4 | Sham comparator | Sham stretching Receives: Other: Sham stretching |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Muscle Tone and Stiffness
Muscle tone and stiffness will be evaluated with a myotonometer. The myotonometer was developed for the objective measurement of mechanical muscle properties. Myotonometry reflects the viscoelastic properties of the muscle such as tone and stiffness by creating oscillation in the muscle fiber and is an acceptable and reliable method for measuring the mechanical properties of the muscle in young adults. The device measures muscle tone as the natural oscillation frequency (Hz) calculated as Hz = 1/T; where T is the oscillation time measured in seconds. Muscle stiffness (N/m) is related to the maximum acceleration of oscillation and tissue deformation recorded by the transducer. Myotonometer can measure the firmness of tissues 2 cm below the epidermis.
Measured: 3 weeks
Forward Jumping Test on One Leg
The One Leg Forward Jumping Test will be used to measure the sudden explosive force and performance of the M.Gastrocnemius muscle. Participants will be asked to jump forward as far as possible on one leg. The measurement will be repeated 3 times bilaterally, and the maximum jumping distance will be recorded in cm.
Measured: 3 weeks
Secondary outcomes (2)
Joint Range of Motion:
Ankle dorsiflexion and plantarflexion movements will be measured bilaterally with a digital goniometer. Measurements will be repeated 3 times and the average value will be recorded in degrees.
Measured: 3 weeks
Isolated Gastrocnemius Shortness Evaluation
The gastrocnemius muscle shortness evaluation of the participants will be done bilaterally while in the supine position with the Silfverskiold method and digital goniometer. The knee joint will be positioned in full extension and 90° flexion, the ankle dorsiflexion will be passive while the subtalar joint is in the neutral position, and the fixed arm of the universal goniometer will be measured on the fibula shaft and the movable arm will be positioned on the fifth metatarsal shaft. The resulting angles will be recorded and evaluated in degrees.
Measured: 3 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted30 May 2023
- Study start30 May 2023
- Primary completion30 Jun 2023
- Study completion8 Aug 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for StretchStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Kubra Koce
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Kubra Koce, Istinye University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05879042
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 22-143
- Status last verified
- Aug 2023
- First submitted
- 18 May 2023
- Last updated
- 9 Aug 2023
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 9 Aug 2023. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Different Stretching Types on Gastrocnemius Muscle Viscoelastic Properties and Performance
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05879042
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 22-143
- Conditions
- Stretch
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Kubra KoceUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 30 May 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Jun 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 8 Aug 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 30 May 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Stretching is the process of positioning certain muscles and related soft tissues of the body in a position that will lengthen them. In addition to increasing the range of motion of stretching, different stretching on many functional (maximum isometric torque, muscle-tendon stiffness, passive-resistive torque, viscoelastic deformation) or structural parameters (muscle stiffness, tendon stiffness, muscle fascicle length, pennation angle, neuromuscular relaxation) We can make changes using methods.
Static stretching usually involves actively or passively moving a limb to the full range of motion, holding this stretched position for 15-60 seconds, and then repeating it 2-4 times. Dynamic stretching encompasses all body movements and involves actively moving the active joints through the range of motion in a controlled manner. PNF stretching is known to be more effective than other stretching techniques as it increases both passive and active flexibility and improves joint range of motion in the short term.
The appropriate evaluation of muscle characteristics and keeping a regular record are very important for the course of rehabilitation, clinical decisions, the creation of an appropriate treatment plan, and the evaluation of treatment practices. Objective evaluation methods are needed to measure the functional state of the muscles, that is, their viscoelastic properties. Myotonometric measurement, which is a painless, objective, and non-invasive measurement method, allows the measurement of muscle tone, elasticity, and stiffness. The myotonometer device is a portable handheld device used to measure the stiffness of soft tissues, including muscles and tendons, using a non-invasive approach. It is a device that is easy to use, fast, and very suitable for the purpose. Based on this information, the aim of our study is to evaluate the effects of different stretching types on gastrocnemius muscle viscoelastic properties and performance.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 4
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Group 1 | Experimental | Other: Static StretchingStatic Stretching |
| Group 2 | Experimental | Other: Dynamic StretchingDynamic Stretching |
| Group 3 | Experimental | Other: PNF StretchingPNF Stretching |
| Group 4 | Sham comparator | Other: Sham stretchingSham stretching |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 45 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Be between the ages of 18-45
- Volunteer to participate in the study
Key exclusion criteria (8 listed)
- Those who have had major surgery or trauma related to the musculoskeletal system, especially the ankle and calf region
- Those with neurological disease
- Those with rheumatic disease in the active period
- Those with systemic diseases (Diabetes, hypothyroidism, infection, malignancy...)
- Those with serious psychological problems (BDI score of 30 and above)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Static StretchingParticipants will be placed in the maximum dorsiflexion position of the ankle of the dominant side lower extremities. At this last point, it will be held in a static position for 30 seconds. A total of 10 repetitions will be done, with 5-10 seconds rest between repetitions. | Other | Group 1 |
| Dynamic StretchingParticipants will be positioned by placing their hands on the edge of the standing wall. They will be asked to try to increase normal ankle motion in a controlled manner using their own body weight. The stretching position will be held for 30 seconds and a total of 10 repetitions will be done. There will be 5-10 seconds rest between repetitions. | Other | Group 2 |
| PNF StretchingFor the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle, the dominant side lower extremities of the participants will be placed in the extension-adduction-external position. For the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle, the dominant side lower extremities of the participants will be placed in the extension-abduction-internal rotation position. Participants will be asked to actively go as far as they can in the opposite direction from the starting position (flexion-abduction-internal rotation for the lateral head; flexion-adduction-external rotation for the medial head). When the participant returns to the starting position after reaching the final point, the practitioner will apply the hold-relax technique and will be asked to stay in this position for 10 seconds. | Other | Group 3 |
| Sham stretchingSham stretching will be applied to the calf area. While the participant is lying prone, they will wait 30 seconds in a static position without applying any stretching to the calf area before reaching the end point of the joint range of motion. | Other | Group 4 |
Primary outcome
Muscle Tone and Stiffness
Time frame: 3 weeks
Muscle tone and stiffness will be evaluated with a myotonometer. The myotonometer was developed for the objective measurement of mechanical muscle properties. Myotonometry reflects the viscoelastic properties of the muscle such as tone and stiffness by creating oscillation in the muscle fiber and is an acceptable and reliable method for measuring the mechanical properties of the muscle in young adults. The device measures muscle tone as the natural oscillation frequency (Hz) calculated as Hz = 1/T; where T is the oscillation time measured in seconds. Muscle stiffness (N/m) is related to the maximum acceleration of oscillation and tissue deformation recorded by the transducer. Myotonometer can measure the firmness of tissues 2 cm below the epidermis.
Forward Jumping Test on One Leg
Time frame: 3 weeks
The One Leg Forward Jumping Test will be used to measure the sudden explosive force and performance of the M.Gastrocnemius muscle. Participants will be asked to jump forward as far as possible on one leg. The measurement will be repeated 3 times bilaterally, and the maximum jumping distance will be recorded in cm.
2 secondary outcomes
Joint Range of Motion:
Time frame: 3 weeks
Isolated Gastrocnemius Shortness Evaluation
Time frame: 3 weeks
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 9 Aug 2023.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Static Stretching, Dynamic Stretching and PNF Stretching in people with Stretch, run by Kubra Koce at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 8 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 9 Aug 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Muscle Tone and Stiffness (time frame: 3 weeks). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 9 Aug 2023.