PainNCT05893355
Non-Pharmacological Method to Relieve Back Pain
A study testing Acupressure group in people with Pain, run by Kocaeli University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
The study will be carried out in a randomized controlled manner in order to examine the effectiveness of acupressure applied in the late postpartum period in postpartum women who have had back pain and have had a cesarean delivery. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 40 years, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Pain
- What is being tested?
- Acupressure group
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 70 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 5 Jun 2023to 13 Dec 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 40 years
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- 18-49 years old,
- Able to read and write Turkish
- Postpartum 1st week and within 4th week
- Primiparous and multiparous
- Those who had a registered cesarean section in the family health center where the study was conducted,
- Able to speak and understand Turkish,
- Back pain score above 4 according to VAS (Visual analog scale),
- Participants who voluntarily agree to participate in the study will be included in the study.
Who cannot join
- Congenital anomaly in the baby who gave a stillbirth, whose baby is hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit,
- Use of cigarettes or alcohol
- History of past or present mental illness,
- Using antidepressants or anxiolytic drugs,
- With rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Scheuermann's disease, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, spinal surgeries, nerve root compression, spondylolisthesis comorbid disease,
- Perineal edema, hematoma, wound dehiscence, bladder catheterization and serious postpartum complications (internal bleeding, femoral artery embolism, pelvic fracture),
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- With impaired tissue integrity in the area to be applied,
- Vaginal delivery,
- Taking painkillers in the last 6 hours,
- In addition, those who want to leave the research at any stage of the research will be excluded from the research.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: The Effect of Acupressure Applied in the Late Postpartum Period After Cesarean Section on Back Pain
The study will be carried out in a randomized controlled manner in order to examine the effectiveness of acupressure applied in the late postpartum period in postpartum women who have had back pain and have had a cesarean delivery. The sample of the study will consist of 70 participants who applied to the family health center between 05.06.2023 and 05.12.2024, who had cesarean birth registered in the central family health center in Kocaeli province Kandıra district, who met the research criteria and agreed to participate in the research. Data in the research; It will be collected using the 'Participant Information Form', 'VAS (Visual Analog Scale for Evaluating Back Pain)', 'McGill Pain Questionnaire (Short Form)'. Participants in the acupressure group will be given 2 times acupressure application in the 1st week and 4th week postpartum. No application will be made to the participants in the control group. The research is planned to be carried out after obtaining the necessary institutional and ethical committee permissions.
Read the detailed description
Aim: The study was planned to examine the effect of acupressure on back pain in the late postpartum period after cesarean section.
Hypothesis(s):
H0: Acupressure application applied to puerperant women who had a cesarean delivery in the late postpartum period has no effect on reducing the level of back pain.
H1: Acupressure application applied to puerperant women who had cesarean delivery in the late postpartum period reduces the level of back pain.
Type of Research: This study was designed as a randomized controlled experimental study.
Research Population: The population of the research will consist of participants who have had cesarean section, who have back pain, who are in the late postpartum 1st week and 4th week, and who are registered to family medicine units in a Family Health Center.
It was calculated according to the research conducted by Akgün and Boz to determine the sample size in the study. The sample size of the study was calculated using the G*Power 3.1.9.2 program and the mean, standard deviation values and effect size of the back pain variable in the related article (Akgün \& Boz, 2020) were taken into account. The effect size was calculated as 1.025136 by using the mean and standard deviation values of the related article. The minimum number of individuals to be included in the sample of the study to be done was calculated by taking G*Power 3.1.9.2 and effect size: 1.025136, α= 0.05, power: 0.90, and the sample size was determined as 23 in the acupressure group and 23 in the control group. A total of 70 (Acupressure group: 35, control group: 35 participants) participants will be included in the study, taking into account possible data losses.
In which group the participants included in the study will be, will be determined from the website of the random number generation program "Research Randomizer", and they will be divided into two groups. Thus, each participants's number and group number will be determined and recorded.
Data will be collected with the Introductory Information Form and VAS for assessing back pain.
Introductory Information Form: The form consists of a total of 31 questions questioning women's sociodemographic, obstetric, pregnancy-birth and postpartum back pain information. It is applied to the puerperant women for the first time in the postpartum 1st week and the second time in the postpartum 4th week.
VAS for Evaluation of Back Pain: The participant marks his or her own pain on a 10 cm ruler, which is marked as "no pain" at one end and the most severe pain at the other end. The participant is told that there are two endpoints and to mark any place between these points that matches the severity of the pain. The distance between the onset of no pain and this point marked by the patient is measured and recorded in centimeters. It is stated that VAS is more sensitive and reliable than other unidimensional scales in pain severity measurement. The VAS is more sensitive than the simple descriptive scale.
After obtaining the necessary ethics committee and institutional permissions for the implementation of the study, participants who had a cesarean section and who met the inclusion criteria of the study will be interviewed by going to the institution. Participants will be informed that they can participate in the study without affecting the care received at the family health center and they can leave the study at any time, and their voluntary consent will be obtained. After the participants are included in the study, they will be assigned to the study groups according to the electronic randomization table. The data will be collected by the researcher through face-to-face interviews at the family health center. VAS (Visual Analog Scale) will be filled in by the participants to evaluate late postpartum back pain. VAS (Visual analog scale) in which back pain is evaluated will be filled in the acupressure group and control group for the first time in the postpartum 1st week and the second time in the 4th week before and after the application. No application will be made to the control group and only routine care will be given.
An environment where privacy can be protected and away from external stimuli will be prepared for the participants. The application will be started by choosing the most comfortable position for the participants, leaving the application points open. For this study, 6 points (a total of 12 points on both sides from each point) were determined for this study, and these points are LI4, which is the 4th point of the large intestine meridian, Zhong Zu HT2 point, which is on the triple heater meridian, and Quchi, the 11th point of the large intestine meridian. /LI11, the 36th point of the stomach meridian is ST36, the 21st point of the gallbladder meridian is Jian Jing GB21, the 43rd point of the bladder meridian is UB 43. In addition, expert opinion was taken to determine the points. The practitioner will apply 15 seconds of warming, relaxing, and preparatory quality to the area of each of the notes, respectively, and lightly rubbing to reduce tension and tissue sensitivity. A total of 3 minutes will be spent preparing for all points. After the preparation, acupressure will be applied to each point for a total of 12 minutes for all points for 1 minute. Thumb, index and/or middle finger will be used in acupressure application. Consecutive, breathing rhythm compressions will be repeated without raising the finger. Repeated compressions will be at a frequency that does not disturb the person, does not cause pain and has a calming effect. Although there is a difference in the order of use of the determined acupressure points, this study will be carried out symmetrically to the LI4, HT2, LI11, ST36, GB21, UB43 points, respectively. The practitioner will have a stopwatch to control the time.
The data of the study will be evaluated using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 22.0 program. All data will first be evaluated with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for conformity to normal distribution, and then analyzed according to conformity to normal distribution. For descriptive statistics, percentages will be used in general, arithmetic mean±standard deviation for those suitable for normal distribution, median and minimum-maximum values for those that do not fit. Comparisons between groups for numerical variables of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics will be made with an independent two-sample t-test for normally distributed variables, and Mann-Whitney U test for non-normally distributed variables. Pearson Correlation test will be applied to determine the relationship between the fatigue severity of the experimental group and the tests and to determine the relationship between the tests. Statistical significance level will be accepted as p<0.05.
- Conditions
- Pain
- Being tested
- Acupressure group
- Keywords
- Back Pain, Late postpartum, Cesarean Section
- Medical subject headings
- Pain, Back Pain
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Acupressure groupBehavioural
Application to Acupressure Group
- Participants in this group will be interviewed for the first time at postpartum week 1, and for the second time between 4-6 weeks postpartum. The application will be explained and a voluntary consent form will be signed.
- Participant Information Form will be filled in by the researcher by face-to-face interview.
- The VAS, which will be applied to the puerperant women for the first time in the first week of the postpartum week and for the second time between the 4th-6th weeks, will be filled by the participant just before the application to evaluate the back pain.
- The VAS Evaluating Back Pain after the application will be filled in by the participant.
- The participant will be informed that the study has been completed.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Acupressure group | Experimental | * Participants in this group will be interviewed for the first time in the first week of postpartum and for the second time in the fourth week of postpartum. The application will be explained and a voluntary consent form will be signed.
* Participant Information Form will be filled in by the researcher by face-to-face interview.
* The VAS that will be applied to the participant to evaluate the back pain just before the application will be filled in by the participant.
* The VAS Evaluating Back Pain after the application will be filled in by the participant.
* The participant will be informed that the study has been completed. Receives: Behavioral: Acupressure group |
| Control group | No intervention | * Participants in this group will be interviewed for the first time in the first week of postpartum and for the second time in the fourth week of postpartum. The application will be explained and a voluntary consent form will be signed. * Participant Information Form will be filled in by the researcher by face-to-face interview. * VAS to assess back pain will be filled in by the participant. * No application will be made to this group. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Visual analog scale for assessing back pain
The application will be made at the end of the first week after birth. The participant marks his or her own pain on a 10 cm ruler, which says no pain on one end and the most severe pain on the other end. The participant is told that there are two endpoints and to mark anywhere between these points that matches the severity of the pain. The distance between the onset of no pain and this point marked by the patient is measured and recorded in centimeters. It is stated that VAS is more sensitive and reliable than other unidimensional scales in pain severity measurement. The VAS is more sensitive than the simple descriptive scale.
Measured: This scale will be filled by the participants before the application is made at the end of the first week after birth.
Visual analog scale for assessing back pain
The application will be made at the end of the first week after birth. The participant marks his or her own pain on a 10 cm ruler, which says no pain on one end and the most severe pain on the other end. The participant is told that there are two endpoints and to mark anywhere between these points that matches the severity of the pain. The distance between the onset of no pain and this point marked by the patient is measured and recorded in centimeters. It is stated that VAS is more sensitive and reliable than other unidimensional scales in pain severity measurement. The VAS is more sensitive than the simple descriptive scale.
Measured: This scale will be filled in by the participants after the application is made at the end of the first week after birth.
Secondary outcomes (2)
Visual analog scale for assessing back pain
The application will be made at the end of the first mount after birth.. The participant marks his or her own pain on a 10 cm ruler, which says no pain on one end and the most severe pain on the other end. The participant is told that there are two endpoints and to mark anywhere between these points that matches the severity of the pain. The distance between the onset of no pain and this point marked by the patient is measured and recorded in centimeters. It is stated that VAS is more sensitive and reliable than other unidimensional scales in pain severity measurement. The VAS is more sensitive than the simple descriptive scale.
Measured: This scale will be filled by the participants before the application is made at the end of the first mounth after birth.
Visual analog scale for assessing back pain
The application will be made at the end of the first mount after birth.. The participant marks his or her own pain on a 10 cm ruler, which says no pain on one end and the most severe pain on the other end. The participant is told that there are two endpoints and to mark anywhere between these points that matches the severity of the pain. The distance between the onset of no pain and this point marked by the patient is measured and recorded in centimeters. It is stated that VAS is more sensitive and reliable than other unidimensional scales in pain severity measurement. The VAS is more sensitive than the simple descriptive scale.
Measured: This scale will be filled in by the participants after the application at the end of the first mounth after birth.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted7 Jun 2023
- Study start5 Jun 2023
- Primary completion25 Oct 2023
- Study completion13 Dec 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for PainStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 70 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Kocaeli University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, sena dilek, Kocaeli University
- Investigators
- Mukerrem Sisman, Midwife, Study chair, Kocaeli Kandıra Family Health Center
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05893355
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- sdilek4
- Status last verified
- Dec 2023
- First submitted
- 30 May 2023
- Last updated
- 18 Dec 2023
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 18 Dec 2023. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Acupressure Applied in the Late Postpartum Period After Cesarean Section on Back Pain
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05893355
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- sdilek4
- Conditions
- Pain
- Keywords
- Back Pain, Late postpartum, Cesarean Section
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 70 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Kocaeli UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 5 Jun 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 25 Oct 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 13 Dec 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 7 Jun 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The study will be carried out in a randomized controlled manner in order to examine the effectiveness of acupressure applied in the late postpartum period in postpartum women who have had back pain and have had a cesarean delivery. The sample of the study will consist of 70 participants who applied to the family health center between 05.06.2023 and 05.12.2024, who had cesarean birth registered in the central family health center in Kocaeli province Kandıra district, who met the research criteria and agreed to participate in the research. Data in the research; It will be collected using the 'Participant Information Form', 'VAS (Visual Analog Scale for Evaluating Back Pain)', 'McGill Pain Questionnaire (Short Form)'. Participants in the acupressure group will be given 2 times acupressure application in the 1st week and 4th week postpartum. No application will be made to the participants in the control group. The research is planned to be carried out after obtaining the necessary institutional and ethical committee permissions.
Detailed description
Aim: The study was planned to examine the effect of acupressure on back pain in the late postpartum period after cesarean section.
Hypothesis(s):
H0: Acupressure application applied to puerperant women who had a cesarean delivery in the late postpartum period has no effect on reducing the level of back pain.
H1: Acupressure application applied to puerperant women who had cesarean delivery in the late postpartum period reduces the level of back pain.
Type of Research: This study was designed as a randomized controlled experimental study.
Research Population: The population of the research will consist of participants who have had cesarean section, who have back pain, who are in the late postpartum 1st week and 4th week, and who are registered to family medicine units in a Family Health Center.
It was calculated according to the research conducted by Akgün and Boz to determine the sample size in the study. The sample size of the study was calculated using the G*Power 3.1.9.2 program and the mean, standard deviation values and effect size of the back pain variable in the related article (Akgün \& Boz, 2020) were taken into account. The effect size was calculated as 1.025136 by using the mean and standard deviation values of the related article. The minimum number of individuals to be included in the sample of the study to be done was calculated by taking G*Power 3.1.9.2 and effect size: 1.025136, α= 0.05, power: 0.90, and the sample size was determined as 23 in the acupressure group and 23 in the control group. A total of 70 (Acupressure group: 35, control group: 35 participants) participants will be included in the study, taking into account possible data losses.
In which group the participants included in the study will be, will be determined from the website of the random number generation program "Research Randomizer", and they will be divided into two groups. Thus, each participants's number and group number will be determined and recorded.
Data will be collected with the Introductory Information Form and VAS for assessing back pain.
Introductory Information Form: The form consists of a total of 31 questions questioning women's sociodemographic, obstetric, pregnancy-birth and postpartum back pain information. It is applied to the puerperant women for the first time in the postpartum 1st week and the second time in the postpartum 4th week.
VAS for Evaluation of Back Pain: The participant marks his or her own pain on a 10 cm ruler, which is marked as "no pain" at one end and the most severe pain at the other end. The participant is told that there are two endpoints and to mark any place between these points that matches the severity of the pain. The distance between the onset of no pain and this point marked by the patient is measured and recorded in centimeters. It is stated that VAS is more sensitive and reliable than other unidimensional scales in pain severity measurement. The VAS is more sensitive than the simple descriptive scale.
After obtaining the necessary ethics committee and institutional permissions for the implementation of the study, participants who had a cesarean section and who met the inclusion criteria of the study will be interviewed by going to the institution. Participants will be informed that they can participate in the study without affecting the care received at the family health center and they can leave the study at any time, and their voluntary consent will be obtained. After the participants are included in the study, they will be assigned to the study groups according to the electronic randomization table. The data will be collected by the researcher through face-to-face interviews at the family health center. VAS (Visual Analog Scale) will be filled in by the participants to evaluate late postpartum back pain. VAS (Visual analog scale) in which back pain is evaluated will be filled in the acupressure group and control group for the first time in the postpartum 1st week and the second time in the 4th week before and after the application. No application will be made to the control group and only routine care will be given.
An environment where privacy can be protected and away from external stimuli will be prepared for the participants. The application will be started by choosing the most comfortable position for the participants, leaving the application points open. For this study, 6 points (a total of 12 points on both sides from each point) were determined for this study, and these points are LI4, which is the 4th point of the large intestine meridian, Zhong Zu HT2 point, which is on the triple heater meridian, and Quchi, the 11th point of the large intestine meridian. /LI11, the 36th point of the stomach meridian is ST36, the 21st point of the gallbladder meridian is Jian Jing GB21, the 43rd point of the bladder meridian is UB 43. In addition, expert opinion was taken to determine the points. The practitioner will apply 15 seconds of warming, relaxing, and preparatory quality to the area of each of the notes, respectively, and lightly rubbing to reduce tension and tissue sensitivity. A total of 3 minutes will be spent preparing for all points. After the preparation, acupressure will be applied to each point for a total of 12 minutes for all points for 1 minute. Thumb, index and/or middle finger will be used in acupressure application. Consecutive, breathing rhythm compressions will be repeated without raising the finger. Repeated compressions will be at a frequency that does not disturb the person, does not cause pain and has a calming effect. Although there is a difference in the order of use of the determined acupressure points, this study will be carried out symmetrically to the LI4, HT2, LI11, ST36, GB21, UB43 points, respectively. The practitioner will have a stopwatch to control the time.
The data of the study will be evaluated using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 22.0 program. All data will first be evaluated with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for conformity to normal distribution, and then analyzed according to conformity to normal distribution. For descriptive statistics, percentages will be used in general, arithmetic mean±standard deviation for those suitable for normal distribution, median and minimum-maximum values for those that do not fit. Comparisons between groups for numerical variables of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics will be made with an independent two-sample t-test for normally distributed variables, and Mann-Whitney U test for non-normally distributed variables. Pearson Correlation test will be applied to determine the relationship between the fatigue severity of the experimental group and the tests and to determine the relationship between the tests. Statistical significance level will be accepted as p<0.05.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Acupressure group | Experimental | Behavioral: Acupressure group* Participants in this group will be interviewed for the first time in the first week of postpartum and for the second time in the fourth week of postpartum. The application will be explained and a voluntary consent form will be signed. * Participant Information Form will be filled in by the researcher by face-to-face interview. * The VAS that will be applied to the participant to evaluate the back pain just before the application will be filled in by the participant. * The VAS Evaluating Back Pain after the application will be filled in by the participant. * The participant will be informed that the study has been completed. |
| Control group | No intervention | –* Participants in this group will be interviewed for the first time in the first week of postpartum and for the second time in the fourth week of postpartum. The application will be explained and a voluntary consent form will be signed. * Participant Information Form will be filled in by the researcher by face-to-face interview. * VAS to assess back pain will be filled in by the participant. * No application will be made to this group. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 40 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (8 listed)
- 18-49 years old,
- Able to read and write Turkish
- Postpartum 1st week and within 4th week
- Primiparous and multiparous
- Those who had a registered cesarean section in the family health center where the study was conducted,
Key exclusion criteria (10 listed)
- Congenital anomaly in the baby who gave a stillbirth, whose baby is hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit,
- Use of cigarettes or alcohol
- History of past or present mental illness,
- Using antidepressants or anxiolytic drugs,
- With rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Scheuermann's disease, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, spinal surgeries, nerve root compression, spondylolisthesis comorbid disease,
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Acupressure groupApplication to Acupressure Group * Participants in this group will be interviewed for the first time at postpartum week 1, and for the second time between 4-6 weeks postpartum. The application will be explained and a voluntary consent form will be signed. * Participant Information Form will be filled in by the researcher by face-to-face interview. * The VAS, which will be applied to the puerperant women for the first time in the first week of the postpartum week and for the second time between the 4th-6th weeks, will be filled by the participant just before the application to evaluate the back pain. * The VAS Evaluating Back Pain after the application will be filled in by the participant. * The participant will be informed that the study has been completed. | Behavioural | Acupressure group |
Primary outcome
Visual analog scale for assessing back pain
Time frame: This scale will be filled by the participants before the application is made at the end of the first week after birth.
The application will be made at the end of the first week after birth. The participant marks his or her own pain on a 10 cm ruler, which says no pain on one end and the most severe pain on the other end. The participant is told that there are two endpoints and to mark anywhere between these points that matches the severity of the pain. The distance between the onset of no pain and this point marked by the patient is measured and recorded in centimeters. It is stated that VAS is more sensitive and reliable than other unidimensional scales in pain severity measurement. The VAS is more sensitive than the simple descriptive scale.
Visual analog scale for assessing back pain
Time frame: This scale will be filled in by the participants after the application is made at the end of the first week after birth.
The application will be made at the end of the first week after birth. The participant marks his or her own pain on a 10 cm ruler, which says no pain on one end and the most severe pain on the other end. The participant is told that there are two endpoints and to mark anywhere between these points that matches the severity of the pain. The distance between the onset of no pain and this point marked by the patient is measured and recorded in centimeters. It is stated that VAS is more sensitive and reliable than other unidimensional scales in pain severity measurement. The VAS is more sensitive than the simple descriptive scale.
2 secondary outcomes
Visual analog scale for assessing back pain
Time frame: This scale will be filled by the participants before the application is made at the end of the first mounth after birth.
Visual analog scale for assessing back pain
Time frame: This scale will be filled in by the participants after the application at the end of the first mounth after birth.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 18 Dec 2023.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Mukerrem Sisman, Midwife study chair
Kocaeli Kandıra Family Health Center
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Acupressure group in people with Pain, run by Kocaeli University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 8 inclusion and 10 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 Dec 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Visual analog scale for assessing back pain (time frame: This scale will be filled by the participants before the application is made at the end of the first week after birth.). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 Dec 2023.