Stroke, IschemicNCT05904860
Effects of Backward vs Forward Gait Training With Auditory Feedback in Patients With Stroke
A study testing Backward Gait Training and Forward Gait Training in people with Stroke, Ischemic, run by Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
One of the major expressions of chronic disability in patients with cerebrovascular accidents is in terms of impaired gait and balance. Both of these limitations have an ultimate effect in terms of increased risk of falls leading to augmented morbidity and mortality. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 35 to 65 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Stroke, Ischemic
- What is being tested?
- Backward Gait Training and Forward Gait Training
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 44 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 6 Jun 2023to 25 Jul 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 35 to 65 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Both genders First-time ischemic stroke Diagnosed Middle cerebral artery stroke patients Sub-acute stroke 3 weeks- 11 weeks Hemiplegia Age 35 years to 65 years Brunnstorm's stages 4 to 6 Able to maintain standing posture with minimum assistance with a Berg balance scale score greater than 45
Who cannot join
- GCS lower than 15 Any other neurological diagnosis Presence of associated cognitive impairment Lower extremity joint deformities Any prominent visual problem hindering ambulation Patients with auditory compromise and patients using hearing aids
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Pakistan1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University Islamabad
Islamabad, Fedral, 44000
Manan Haider, PhD, +923334839810, m_manan.drs@stmu.edu.pk
Syed Ali Hussain, PhD*, +923315191713, alihussain_dpt.ahs@stmu.edu.pk
About this study
One of the major expressions of chronic disability in patients with cerebrovascular accidents is in terms of impaired gait and balance. Both of these limitations have an ultimate effect in terms of increased risk of falls leading to augmented morbidity and mortality. Further results of gait abnormalities and balance impairments are increased morbidity with many other manifestations including but not limited to; pain, a significant reduction in quality of life, muscle as well as joint stiffness, postural instability self-imposed restricted physical functioning, and limited social interaction. The chances of an acute recurrent stroke are substantially increased due to restricted mobility.
Read the detailed description
A variety of treatment options are available for balance improvement and gait training in stroke patients including conventional treatment options of stretching, muscle strengthening, limb stabilization joint mobilizations followed by forward walking training with or without support and modern technological advancements including virtual reality immersion exercises, motor imagery and hydro treadmill. However, backward walking, also known as retro gait, is the emerging key therapy for gait training. Neuronal circuits located inside the spinal cord and brainstem; known as central pattern generators (CPGs), are primarily responsible for producing automated outputs for rhythmic motor responses example ambulation. These CPGs, along with the descending system, are responsible for motor neuron activation by setting the threshold muscle lengths. The CPGs that are responsible for forward ambulation, also regulate the backward gait. A more intensified recruitment of lower limb musculature motor unit has been observed during backward gait in individuals. Also, due to the restricted visual field when walking backward, the temporal and spatial gait parameters are significantly increased. For the aforementioned reasons, backward gait training can be used as an alternative strategy to improve balance and ambulation.
The performance of an individual during motor relearning can be influenced by using a stimulus from an external source that will generate a behavioral response leading to self-modification in motor action known as a biofeedback system. The most common types of biofeedback include visual, auditory as well as tactile stimuli that inform the individual involved in biofeedback training, about his relative achievements in reaching gait and balance-related targets. Recent literature proposes the notion that in a comparison of visual biofeedback versus auditory biofeedback, individuals under study are more prone to develop a dependence on external cues when using visual biofeedback. Also, poor performance was demonstrated by individuals receiving training with visual feedback on motor retention tests as compared to the individuals receiving auditory feedback. Thus auditory feedback tends to be more helpful in terms of motor relearning.
Backward walking training activates the central pattern generators that are responsible for ambulation however, muscle fiber recruitment had been observed to be more intensified as compared to recruitment during forward gait training. Forward gait training with auditory biofeedback effectively improves stride length, balance, and walking speed in individuals with stroke.
Since backward gait training has a more pronounced effect on gait parameters as compared to forward walking, also, in the light of recent evidence motor re-learning can be enhanced using biofeedback, the combined effect of backward gait training with auditory biofeedback could produce more pronounced effects in terms of motor recovery and improved balance and decreased risk of fall as compared to conventional forward gait training with biofeedback.
- Conditions
- Stroke, Ischemic
- Being tested
- Backward Gait Training, Forward Gait Training
- Keywords
- Stroke, Gait Training, Auditory feedback
- Medical subject headings
- Ischemic Stroke, Stroke
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Backward Gait TrainingOther
Also called Auditory Feedback
Backward gait training will be provided within parallel bars, a mirror, and on a firm surface. The harness belt will be around the patient's torso to avoid sudden falls.
Forward Gait TrainingOther
Also called Auditory Feedback
Forward gait training will be provided within parallel bars, a mirror, and on a firm surface. The harness belt will be around the patient's torso to avoid sudden falls.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental Group | Other | The experimental group will be receiving a 30-minute backward gait training using parallel bars, a mirror, and on a firm surface. Patients will receive training for 4 days per week with a total time period of 4 weeks. Balance, fall risk, and spatiotemporal gait parameters will be quantified and evaluated before the commencement of treatment, after 2 weeks, and at the end of the last session. Receives: Other: Backward Gait Training |
| Control group | Other | The control group will be receiving a 30-minute forward gait training using parallel bars, a mirror and on a firm surface. Patients will receive training for 4 days per week with a total time period of 4 weeks. Balance, fall risk, and spatiotemporal gait parameters will be quantified and evaluated before the commencement of treatment, after 2 weeks, and at the end of the last session. Receives: Other: Forward Gait Training |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Berg Balance Scale
It is a 14 items static and dynamic balance measurement tool. The total score on this scale is 56 with 4 maximum scores in each item. Higher scores demonstrate good balance. Lower scores demonstrate poor balance.
Measured: 4 weeks
Cadence
Pedometers are designed to detect vertical movement at the hip and so measure the number of steps and provide an estimate of the distance walked. They cannot provide information on the temporal pattern of physical activity or the time spent in different activities at different intensities.
Measured: 4 weeks
Walking Speed
walking speed that would be calculated using formula "Walking speed = distance covered / time taken
Measured: 4 weeks
Stride Length
stride length that would be calculated using formula "Stride length = Distance covered / (1/2x cadence)
Measured: 4 weeks
Step Length
step length that would be calculated using formula "Step length = stride length / 2
Measured: 4 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted15 Jun 2023
- Study start6 Jun 2023
- Primary completion11 Jul 2023 (estimated)
- Study completion25 Jul 2023 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (12)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Stroke, IschemicStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- total two groups are formed with 22 participants in each group. One is the treatment group which will receive backward gait training. The other is the control group receiving forward gait training. Pre-intervention outcomes are measured. Followed by mid-protocol outcome measurement after 2 weeks and end-protocol measurement after 4 weeks.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 44 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Nouman Khan, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University
- Investigators
- Noor-ul-ain Sohail, MS-PT*, Principal investigator, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05904860
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- IRB 0350-22
- Status last verified
- Jun 2023
- First submitted
- 6 Jun 2023
- Last updated
- 15 Jun 2023
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Balasukumaran T, Olivier B, Ntsiea MV. The effectiveness of backward walking as a treatment for people with gait impairments: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Rehabil. 2019 Feb;33(2):171-182. doi: 10.1177/0269215518801430. Epub 2018 Sep 19.
PubMed 30229667Bytyci I, Henein MY. Stride Length Predicts Adverse Clinical Events in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med. 2021 Jun 17;10(12):2670. doi: 10.3390/jcm10122670.
PubMed 34204430Cha YJ, Kim JD, Choi YR, Kim NH, Son SM. Effects of gait training with auditory feedback on walking and balancing ability in adults after hemiplegic stroke: a preliminary, randomized, controlled study. Int J Rehabil Res. 2018 Sep;41(3):239-243. doi: 10.1097/MRR.0000000000000295.
PubMed 29782407Feldman AG, Levin MF, Garofolini A, Piscitelli D, Zhang L. Central pattern generator and human locomotion in the context of referent control of motor actions. Clin Neurophysiol. 2021 Nov;132(11):2870-2889. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.08.016. Epub 2021 Sep 27.
PubMed 34628342Kondo K, Noonan KM, Freeman M, Ayers C, Morasco BJ, Kansagara D. Efficacy of Biofeedback for Medical Conditions: an Evidence Map. J Gen Intern Med. 2019 Dec;34(12):2883-2893. doi: 10.1007/s11606-019-05215-z. Epub 2019 Aug 14.
PubMed 31414354Maier M, Ballester BR, Verschure PFMJ. Principles of Neurorehabilitation After Stroke Based on Motor Learning and Brain Plasticity Mechanisms. Front Syst Neurosci. 2019 Dec 17;13:74. doi: 10.3389/fnsys.2019.00074. eCollection 2019.
PubMed 31920570McLellan AG, Slaght J, Craig CM, Mayo A, Senechal M, Bouchard DR. Can older adults improve the identification of moderate intensity using walking cadence? Aging Clin Exp Res. 2018 Jan;30(1):89-92. doi: 10.1007/s40520-017-0746-3. Epub 2017 Apr 4.
PubMed 28378230Park C, Oh-Park M, Dohle C, Bialek A, Friel K, Edwards D, Krebs HI, You JSH. Effects of innovative hip-knee-ankle interlimb coordinated robot training on ambulation, cardiopulmonary function, depression, and fall confidence in acute hemiplegia. NeuroRehabilitation. 2020;46(4):577-587. doi: 10.3233/NRE-203086.
PubMed 32538882Ronsse R, Puttemans V, Coxon JP, Goble DJ, Wagemans J, Wenderoth N, Swinnen SP. Motor learning with augmented feedback: modality-dependent behavioral and neural consequences. Cereb Cortex. 2011 Jun;21(6):1283-94. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhq209. Epub 2010 Oct 28.
PubMed 21030486Rose DK, DeMark L, Fox EJ, Clark DJ, Wludyka P. A Backward Walking Training Program to Improve Balance and Mobility in Acute Stroke: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. J Neurol Phys Ther. 2018 Jan;42(1):12-21. doi: 10.1097/NPT.0000000000000210.
PubMed 29232308Spencer J, Wolf SL, Kesar TM. Biofeedback for Post-stroke Gait Retraining: A Review of Current Evidence and Future Research Directions in the Context of Emerging Technologies. Front Neurol. 2021 Mar 30;12:637199. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.637199. eCollection 2021.
PubMed 33859607Steuer I, Guertin PA. Central pattern generators in the brainstem and spinal cord: an overview of basic principles, similarities and differences. Rev Neurosci. 2019 Jan 28;30(2):107-164. doi: 10.1515/revneuro-2017-0102.
PubMed 30543520
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 15 Jun 2023. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Backward vs Forward Gait Training With Auditory Feedback in Patients With Stroke
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05904860
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- IRB 0350-22
- Conditions
- Stroke, Ischemic
- Keywords
- Stroke, Gait Training, Auditory feedback
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 44 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Shifa Tameer-e-Millat UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 6 Jun 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 11 Jul 2023 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 25 Jul 2023 (estimated)
- First posted
- 15 Jun 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
One of the major expressions of chronic disability in patients with cerebrovascular accidents is in terms of impaired gait and balance. Both of these limitations have an ultimate effect in terms of increased risk of falls leading to augmented morbidity and mortality. Further results of gait abnormalities and balance impairments are increased morbidity with many other manifestations including but not limited to; pain, a significant reduction in quality of life, muscle as well as joint stiffness, postural instability self-imposed restricted physical functioning, and limited social interaction. The chances of an acute recurrent stroke are substantially increased due to restricted mobility.
Detailed description
A variety of treatment options are available for balance improvement and gait training in stroke patients including conventional treatment options of stretching, muscle strengthening, limb stabilization joint mobilizations followed by forward walking training with or without support and modern technological advancements including virtual reality immersion exercises, motor imagery and hydro treadmill. However, backward walking, also known as retro gait, is the emerging key therapy for gait training. Neuronal circuits located inside the spinal cord and brainstem; known as central pattern generators (CPGs), are primarily responsible for producing automated outputs for rhythmic motor responses example ambulation. These CPGs, along with the descending system, are responsible for motor neuron activation by setting the threshold muscle lengths. The CPGs that are responsible for forward ambulation, also regulate the backward gait. A more intensified recruitment of lower limb musculature motor unit has been observed during backward gait in individuals. Also, due to the restricted visual field when walking backward, the temporal and spatial gait parameters are significantly increased. For the aforementioned reasons, backward gait training can be used as an alternative strategy to improve balance and ambulation.
The performance of an individual during motor relearning can be influenced by using a stimulus from an external source that will generate a behavioral response leading to self-modification in motor action known as a biofeedback system. The most common types of biofeedback include visual, auditory as well as tactile stimuli that inform the individual involved in biofeedback training, about his relative achievements in reaching gait and balance-related targets. Recent literature proposes the notion that in a comparison of visual biofeedback versus auditory biofeedback, individuals under study are more prone to develop a dependence on external cues when using visual biofeedback. Also, poor performance was demonstrated by individuals receiving training with visual feedback on motor retention tests as compared to the individuals receiving auditory feedback. Thus auditory feedback tends to be more helpful in terms of motor relearning.
Backward walking training activates the central pattern generators that are responsible for ambulation however, muscle fiber recruitment had been observed to be more intensified as compared to recruitment during forward gait training. Forward gait training with auditory biofeedback effectively improves stride length, balance, and walking speed in individuals with stroke.
Since backward gait training has a more pronounced effect on gait parameters as compared to forward walking, also, in the light of recent evidence motor re-learning can be enhanced using biofeedback, the combined effect of backward gait training with auditory biofeedback could produce more pronounced effects in terms of motor recovery and improved balance and decreased risk of fall as compared to conventional forward gait training with biofeedback.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- total two groups are formed with 22 participants in each group. One is the treatment group which will receive backward gait training. The other is the control group receiving forward gait training. Pre-intervention outcomes are measured. Followed by mid-protocol outcome measurement after 2 weeks and end-protocol measurement after 4 weeks.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental Group | Other | Other: Backward Gait TrainingThe experimental group will be receiving a 30-minute backward gait training using parallel bars, a mirror, and on a firm surface. Patients will receive training for 4 days per week with a total time period of 4 weeks. Balance, fall risk, and spatiotemporal gait parameters will be quantified and evaluated before the commencement of treatment, after 2 weeks, and at the end of the last session. |
| Control group | Other | Other: Forward Gait TrainingThe control group will be receiving a 30-minute forward gait training using parallel bars, a mirror and on a firm surface. Patients will receive training for 4 days per week with a total time period of 4 weeks. Balance, fall risk, and spatiotemporal gait parameters will be quantified and evaluated before the commencement of treatment, after 2 weeks, and at the end of the last session. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 35 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Both genders First-time ischemic stroke Diagnosed Middle cerebral artery stroke patients Sub-acute stroke 3 weeks- 11 weeks Hemiplegia Age 35 years to 65 years Brunnstorm's stages 4 to 6 Able to maintain standing posture with minimum assistance with a Berg balance scale score greater than 45
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- GCS lower than 15 Any other neurological diagnosis Presence of associated cognitive impairment Lower extremity joint deformities Any prominent visual problem hindering ambulation Patients with auditory compromise and patients using hearing aids
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Backward Gait TrainingAlso: Auditory FeedbackBackward gait training will be provided within parallel bars, a mirror, and on a firm surface. The harness belt will be around the patient's torso to avoid sudden falls. | Other | Experimental Group |
| Forward Gait TrainingAlso: Auditory FeedbackForward gait training will be provided within parallel bars, a mirror, and on a firm surface. The harness belt will be around the patient's torso to avoid sudden falls. | Other | Control group |
Primary outcome
Berg Balance Scale
Time frame: 4 weeks
It is a 14 items static and dynamic balance measurement tool. The total score on this scale is 56 with 4 maximum scores in each item. Higher scores demonstrate good balance. Lower scores demonstrate poor balance.
Cadence
Time frame: 4 weeks
Pedometers are designed to detect vertical movement at the hip and so measure the number of steps and provide an estimate of the distance walked. They cannot provide information on the temporal pattern of physical activity or the time spent in different activities at different intensities.
Walking Speed
Time frame: 4 weeks
walking speed that would be calculated using formula "Walking speed = distance covered / time taken
Stride Length
Time frame: 4 weeks
stride length that would be calculated using formula "Stride length = Distance covered / (1/2x cadence)
Step Length
Time frame: 4 weeks
step length that would be calculated using formula "Step length = stride length / 2
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 15 Jun 2023.
- Background: PubMed 30229667Balasukumaran T, Olivier B, Ntsiea MV. The effectiveness of backward walking as a treatment for people with gait impairments: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Rehabil. 2019 Feb;33(2):171-182. doi: 10.1177/0269215518801430. Epub 2018 Sep 19.
- Background: PubMed 34204430Bytyci I, Henein MY. Stride Length Predicts Adverse Clinical Events in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med. 2021 Jun 17;10(12):2670. doi: 10.3390/jcm10122670.
- Background: PubMed 29782407Cha YJ, Kim JD, Choi YR, Kim NH, Son SM. Effects of gait training with auditory feedback on walking and balancing ability in adults after hemiplegic stroke: a preliminary, randomized, controlled study. Int J Rehabil Res. 2018 Sep;41(3):239-243. doi: 10.1097/MRR.0000000000000295.
- Background: PubMed 34628342Feldman AG, Levin MF, Garofolini A, Piscitelli D, Zhang L. Central pattern generator and human locomotion in the context of referent control of motor actions. Clin Neurophysiol. 2021 Nov;132(11):2870-2889. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.08.016. Epub 2021 Sep 27.
- Background: PubMed 31414354Kondo K, Noonan KM, Freeman M, Ayers C, Morasco BJ, Kansagara D. Efficacy of Biofeedback for Medical Conditions: an Evidence Map. J Gen Intern Med. 2019 Dec;34(12):2883-2893. doi: 10.1007/s11606-019-05215-z. Epub 2019 Aug 14.
- Background: PubMed 31920570Maier M, Ballester BR, Verschure PFMJ. Principles of Neurorehabilitation After Stroke Based on Motor Learning and Brain Plasticity Mechanisms. Front Syst Neurosci. 2019 Dec 17;13:74. doi: 10.3389/fnsys.2019.00074. eCollection 2019.
- Background: PubMed 28378230McLellan AG, Slaght J, Craig CM, Mayo A, Senechal M, Bouchard DR. Can older adults improve the identification of moderate intensity using walking cadence? Aging Clin Exp Res. 2018 Jan;30(1):89-92. doi: 10.1007/s40520-017-0746-3. Epub 2017 Apr 4.
- Background: PubMed 32538882Park C, Oh-Park M, Dohle C, Bialek A, Friel K, Edwards D, Krebs HI, You JSH. Effects of innovative hip-knee-ankle interlimb coordinated robot training on ambulation, cardiopulmonary function, depression, and fall confidence in acute hemiplegia. NeuroRehabilitation. 2020;46(4):577-587. doi: 10.3233/NRE-203086.
- Background: PubMed 21030486Ronsse R, Puttemans V, Coxon JP, Goble DJ, Wagemans J, Wenderoth N, Swinnen SP. Motor learning with augmented feedback: modality-dependent behavioral and neural consequences. Cereb Cortex. 2011 Jun;21(6):1283-94. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhq209. Epub 2010 Oct 28.
- Background: PubMed 29232308Rose DK, DeMark L, Fox EJ, Clark DJ, Wludyka P. A Backward Walking Training Program to Improve Balance and Mobility in Acute Stroke: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. J Neurol Phys Ther. 2018 Jan;42(1):12-21. doi: 10.1097/NPT.0000000000000210.
- Background: PubMed 33859607Spencer J, Wolf SL, Kesar TM. Biofeedback for Post-stroke Gait Retraining: A Review of Current Evidence and Future Research Directions in the Context of Emerging Technologies. Front Neurol. 2021 Mar 30;12:637199. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.637199. eCollection 2021.
- Background: PubMed 30543520Steuer I, Guertin PA. Central pattern generators in the brainstem and spinal cord: an overview of basic principles, similarities and differences. Rev Neurosci. 2019 Jan 28;30(2):107-164. doi: 10.1515/revneuro-2017-0102.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Stroke, Ischemic
Active, not recruiting
Safety and Efficacy Evaluation of the iNstroke 4F Thromboaspiration Catheter in Patients With Acute Ischaemic Stroke Due to Primary Distal Medium Vessel Occlusions (DMVO)
Acute Ischemic Stroke
Active, not recruiting
Left Atrial Appendage Exclusion for Prophylactic Stroke Reduction Trial
Ischemic Stroke, Systemic Embolism
Recruiting
Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Improving Sleep in Inpatient Rehab for Post-Acute Stroke
Stroke, Ischemic Cerebrovascular Accident
RecruitingPhase 3
Thrombolysis in Factor Xa-inhibitors Trial
Stroke, Stroke (in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation)
Not yet recruitingObservational study
PET-MR Imaging of Natriuretic Peptide Receptor C (NPR-C) in Carotid Atherosclerosis With 64Cu-NODAGA-CANF (Multisite)
Carotid Atherosclerosis, Carotid Artery Stenosis Asymptomatic
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Noor-ul-ain Sohail, MS-PT* principal investigator
Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Backward Gait Training and Forward Gait Training in people with Stroke, Ischemic, run by Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 15 Jun 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Manan Haider, PhD (+923334839810, m_manan.drs@stmu.edu.pk), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Berg Balance Scale (time frame: 4 weeks). The study lists 5 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05904860, which also lists 12 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 15 Jun 2023.