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TraumaPhase 2CAVALIERNCT05958342

CAlcium and VAsopressin Following Injury Early Resuscitation (CAVALIER) Trial

A Phase 2 study testing Calcium Gluconate and Vasopressin in people with Trauma and Hemorrhage, run by Jason Sperry at 18 sites in United States.

Recruiting

Looking for participants now. Contact the study team or a site below to ask about taking part.

Sites and contacts
Official record
Search all trials

Trial summary

The CAlcium and VAsopressin following Injury Early Resuscitation (CAVALIER) Trial is a proposed 4 year, double-blind, mutli-center, prehospital and early in hospital phase randomized trial designed to determine the efficacy and safety of prehospital calcium and early in hospital vasopressin in patients at risk of… Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 to 90 years
Conditions the study is for
Trauma, Hemorrhage
What is being tested?
Calcium Gluconate and Vasopressin
Type of treatment
Injection or infusion
Could I receive a placebo?
Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
How many people
1,050 participants
Where
18 sitesUnited States
Study dates
30 Jun 2024to Mar 2028
Phase
Phase 2
Are there results?
Not yet: the study is under way

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 to 90 years
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Prehospital Phase:
  • Injured patients at risk of hemorrhagic shock being transported from scene or referral hospital to a participating CAVALIER trial site who meet the following criteria:
  • 1A. Systolic blood pressure ≤ 90mmHg and tachycardia (HR ≥ 108) at scene, at outside hospital, or during anticipated transport to a participating CAVALIER trial site
  • OR
  • 1B. Systolic blood pressure ≤ 70mmHg at scene, at outside hospital, or during anticipated transport to a participating CAVALIER trial site
  • Early In-Hospital Phase:
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  • Injured patients at a participating CAVALIER trial site at risk of hemorrhagic shock who meet the following criteria:
  • 1A. Systolic blood pressure ≤ 90mmHg and tachycardia (HR ≥ 108) at scene, at outside hospital, during transport, or in emergency department of a participating CAVALIER trial site
  • OR
  • 1B. Systolic blood pressure ≤ 70mmHg at scene, at outside hospital, during transport, or in emergency department of a participating CAVALIER trial site
  • AND
  • 2.Blood/blood component transfusion initiated in prehospital setting or deemed clinically indicated within 60 minutes of arrival at the enrolling trauma center
  • AND 3. Clinical team deems Operating Room for major hemorrhage control procedure (e.g., laparotomy, thoracotomy, vascular exploration or extremity amputation) indicated within 60 minutes of arrival at the enrolling trauma center
  • AND
  • 4. Anticipated admission to intensive care unit (ICU)

Who cannot join

  • Prehospital Phase
  • Wearing NO CAVALIER opt-out bracelet
  • Age > 90 or < 18 years of age
  • Isolated fall from standing injury mechanism
  • Known prisoner
  • Known pregnancy
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  • Traumatic arrest with > 5 minutes of CPR without return of vital signs
  • Brain matter exposed or penetrating brain injury
  • Isolated drowning or hanging victims
  • Objection to study voiced by subject or family member at the scene or at the trauma center
  • Inability to obtain IV/IO access
  • Early In-Hospital Phase:
  • Wearing NO CAVALIER opt-out bracelet
  • Age > 90 or < 18 years of age
  • Isolated fall from standing injury mechanism
  • Known prisoner
  • Known pregnancy
  • Traumatic arrest with > 5 minutes of CPR without return of vital signs
  • Brain matter exposed or penetrating brain injury
  • Isolated drowning or hanging victims
  • Objection to study voiced by subject or family member at the scene or at the trauma center
  • Inability to obtain IV access

Trial locations and contacts

18 sites in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.

Jason Sperry, MD contact

4128028270

sperryjl@upmc.edu

18 sites in 1 country

United States18 sites, 18 recruiting
  • University of New Mexico

    Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87131

    Ming Li Wang, MD, 505-272-0434, MLWang@salud.unm.edu

    Recruiting
  • University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus

    Aurora, Colorado, 80045

    Michael Cripps, MD, MSCS, FACS, 510-851-2291, MICHAEL.CRIPPS@CUANSCHUTZ.EDU

    Recruiting
  • University of Maryland, Baltimore

    Baltimore, Maryland, 21201

    William Teeter, MD, MS, 410-328-9878, William.teeter@som.umaryland.edu

    Recruiting
  • Chandler Regional Medical Center

    Chandler, Arizona, 85224

    Daniel Cucher, MD, 480-601-5411, Daniel.Cucher@commonspirit.org

    Recruiting
  • University of Missouri Health Care

    Columbia, Missouri, 65202

    Jeffrey Coughenour, MD, 573-882-1379, coughenourj@health.missouri.edu

    Recruiting
  • The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

    Columbus, Ohio, 43210

    John Loftus, MD, 614-685-2307, John.Loftus@osumc.edu

    Recruiting
  • Mount Carmel East Hospital

    Columbus, Ohio, 43213

    M. Chance Spalding, DO, PhD, FACS, 614.638.6143, mcspalding62@gmail.com

    Recruiting
  • Denver Health Medical Center

    Denver, Colorado, 80204

    Ernest Moore, MD, 303-602-1820, ernest.moore@dhha.org

    Recruiting
  • University of Mississippi Medical Center

    Jackson, Mississippi, 39216

    Matthew Kutcher, MD, MS, FACS, 601-815-1312, mkutcher@umc.edu

    Recruiting
  • University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

    Little Rock, Arkansas, 72205

    Joseph Margolick, MD, 214-620-3504, Jmargolick@uams.edu

    Recruiting
  • Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center

    Lubbock, Texas, 79430

    Jayne McCauley, MD, 806-743-2373, Jayne.mccauley@ttuhsc.edu

    Recruiting
  • University of Miami

    Miami, Florida, 33136

    Jonathan Meizoso, MD, 305-585-1178, jpmeizoso@med.miami.edu

    Recruiting
  • Hennepin County Medical Center

    Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55415

    Michael Puskarich, MD, MS, 612-873-7448, mike.puskarich@hcmed.org

    Recruiting
  • Allegheny Health Network

    Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15212

    Philip Nawrocki, MD, 412-487-6590, philip.nawrocki@ahn.org

    Recruiting
  • University of Pittsburgh

    Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213

    Jason Sperry, MD, 412-647-3065, sperryjl@upmc.edu

    Recruiting
  • Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center at University of California, San Francisco

    San Francisco, California, 94110

    Lucy Kornblith, MD, 415-609-6924, Lucy.Kornblith@ucsf.edu

    Recruiting
  • University of Washington Harborview Medical Center

    Seattle, Washington, 98104

    Andrew Latimer, MD, FAEMS, 206-744-5676, alatim@uw.edu

    Recruiting
  • University of Arizona

    Tucson, Arizona, 85724

    Amber Rice, MD, 520-626-6312, ARice@arizona.edu

    Recruiting

Other trials in United States

About this study

The CAlcium and VAsopressin following Injury Early Resuscitation (CAVALIER) Trial is a proposed 4 year, double-blind, mutli-center, prehospital and early in hospital phase randomized trial designed to determine the efficacy and safety of prehospital calcium and early in hospital vasopressin in patients at risk of hemorrhagic shock.

Read the detailed description

Resuscitation strategies for the acutely injured patient in hemorrhagic shock have evolved. Patients benefit from receiving less crystalloid in favor of blood transfusions with balanced ratios of plasma and platelets or whole blood resuscitation. These resuscitation practices are termed Damage Control Resuscitation and have been incorporated into resuscitation protocols in Level I trauma centers across the country. Damage Control Resuscitation represents standard practice for military and civilian trauma. Despite these changes, deaths from traumatic hemorrhage continue to occur in the first hours following trauma center arrival, underscoring the importance of early, novel interventions.

Hypocalcemia following traumatic injury is exceedingly common following severe traumatic injury in patients at risk of hemorrhagic shock. During hemorrhagic shock resuscitation, pathways reliant upon calcium such as platelet function, intrinsic and extrinsic hemostasis, and cardiac contractility are disrupted. Citrate containing transfusion products are known to further reduce calcium levels through chelation during trauma resuscitation. Hypocalcemia has consistently been shown to be independently associated with the risk of large volume blood transfusion and mortality. Current management practices include calcium replacement during the in hospital phase of care in patients receiving blood products. Early calcium replacement in patients at risk of hemorrhage and hypocalcemia may mitigate coagulopathy, maintain hemostasis, improve hemodynamics and outcomes, and may reduce complications attributable to hemorrhagic shock.

Arginine vasopressin is a physiologic hormone released by the posterior pituitary in response to hypotension and is commonly used as a vasopressor for critically ill patients for the treatment of hypotension due to multiple causes including sepsis. Prolonged hemorrhagic shock has the potential to alter systemic vasomotor tone which can progress to refractory/recalcitrant hypotension. Patients receiving resuscitation for hemorrhage are at risk of vasopressin deficiency. Vasopressin may improve hemostasis by enhancing platelet function and augmenting clot formation. Vasopressin infusion soon after injury in patients in hemorrhagic shock has been demonstrated to be safe and result in a reduction in blood transfusion requirements and a lower incidence of deep venous thrombosis.

Whole blood, red cells, and blood components are a precious and limited resource. Trauma resuscitation adjuncts such as early calcium and vasopressin may provide benefit when transfusion products are limited and may provide additional benefit even when transfusion capabilities remain robust. Due to their action on coagulation and hemodynamic cascades in the injured patient, these resuscitation adjuncts have the potential to interact and provide additive benefit to the injured patient. However, safety and efficacy of prehospital calcium and early in hospital vasopressin remain inadequately characterized. Enrolled patients may participate in the prehospital phase (calcium), in-hospital phase (vasopressin), or both. The aims of the CAlcium and VAsopressin following Injury Early Resuscitation (CAVALIER) trial are to determine the efficacy and safety of prehospital calcium supplementation and early in hospital vasopressin infusion as compared to standard care resuscitation in patients at risk of hemorrhagic shock and to appropriately characterize any additive effect of both resuscitation adjunct interventions.

Conditions
Trauma, Hemorrhage
Being tested
Calcium Gluconate, Vasopressin, saline placebo
Keywords
hemorrhagic shock, trauma, calcium gluconate, vasopressin
Medical subject headings
Wounds and Injuries, Hemorrhage, Shock, Hemorrhagic, Diabetes Insipidus

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Calcium GluconateDrug

    1 gram calcium gluconate provided via intravenous or intraosseous access over approximately 2-5 minutes

  • VasopressinDrug

    4 unit vasopressin bolus followed by vasopressin infusion at 0.04 U/min for eight hours

  • saline placeboDrug

    saline placebo volume matched to prehospital or in hospital phase

Study groups in NCT05958342
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Prehospital Intervention ArmExperimental1 gram calcium gluconate provided via intravenous or intraosseous access over approximately 2-5 minutes, initiated prior to trauma bay arrival and infused to completion following arrival if needed
Receives: Drug: Calcium Gluconate
Prehospital Control ArmPlacebo comparatorIdentical volume saline placebo to prehospital intervention arm provided via intravenous or intraosseous access over approximately 2-5 minutes, initiated prior to trauma bay arrival and infused to completion following arrival if needed
Receives: Drug: saline placebo
Early In-Hospital Intervention ArmExperimental4-unit vasopressin bolus followed by a vasopressin infusion at 0.04 U/min for 8 hours. Administration of the bolus will be initiated as soon as feasible and within approximately 2 hours of enrollment. The infusion will be initiated within approximately 30 minutes of the bolus.
Receives: Drug: Vasopressin
Early In-Hospital Control ArmPlacebo comparatorvolume matched saline bolus followed by volume matched normal saline placebo infusion for eight hours initiated within approximately two hours of enrollment
Receives: Drug: saline placebo

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Number of participants with 30-day mortality

    all cause mortality within 30 days

    Measured: from randomization to death or 30 days, whichever comes first

Secondary outcomes (15)
  1. Number of participants with 6-hour mortality

    all cause mortality within 6 hours

    Measured: from randomization to death or 6 hours, whichever comes first

  2. Number of participants with 24-hour mortality

    all cause mortality within 24 hours

    Measured: from randomization to death or 24 hours, whichever comes first

  3. Number of participants with In-hospital mortality

    death prior to hospital discharge

    Measured: In hospital mortality from time of randomization to death or 30 days, whichever comes first

  4. Number of participants with Death from hemorrhage

    Death from hemorrhage adjudicated by the site investigator

    Measured: from randomization to death or 30 days, whichever comes first

  5. Number of participants with Death from brain injury

    Death from brain injury adjudicated by the site investigator

    Measured: from randomization to death or 30 days, whichever comes first

  6. Blood and blood component transfusion requirements in the initial 6 hours

    number of units transfused and type

    Measured: from randomization to 6 hours

  7. Blood and blood component transfusion requirements in the initial 24 hours

    number of units transfused and type

    Measured: from randomization to 24 hours

  8. Incidence of Multiple Organ Failure (MOF)

    Evaluated via the Denver Post injury Multiple Organ Failure Score, characterized as an incidence rate (percentage) and as MOF free days. Patients never admitted to ICU or with length of stay less than 48 hours will have a score of 0. A summary Denver score of >3 will be classified as MOF.

    Measured: Scores determined daily until up to Day 7 or ICU discharge, whichever comes first

  9. Incidence of nosocomial infection

    Utilizing the CDC criteria for diagnosis of hospital acquired pneumonia and blood stream infection

    Measured: from randomization to death or 30 days

  10. Time to hemostasis

    Determined by ability to reach nadir transfusion requirement of 1 unit of red blood cells in a 60 minute period in the first 4 hours following arrival. In the absence of ability to obtain hemostasis within the first 4 hours, the patient will be designated "non-hemostasis"

    Measured: hospital arrival to 4 hours

  11. Incidence of coagulopathy by thromboelastography (TEG)

    TEG date collected only when obtained as part of clinical

    Measured: within 4 hours of arrival plus or minus 12

  12. Incidence of coagulopathy by thromboelastography (TEG)

    TEG date collected only when obtained as part of clinical

    Measured: within 24 hours of arrival plus or minus 12

  13. ICU free days

    number of days the patient is alive and not admitted to ICU subtracted from 30

    Measured: From hospital arrival to death or 30 days

  14. Hospital free days

    number of days the patient is alive and not admitted to hospital subtracted from 30

    Measured: From hospital arrival to death or 30 days

  15. Ionized calcium measurements

    Ionized calcium collected as part of clinical care or as research lab

    Measured: Measured in the first 60 minutes (+/- 3 hours), when feasible, during early stage resuscitation in emergency department or operating room

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted24 Jul 2023
  2. Study start30 Jun 2024
  3. Primary completionMar 2027 (estimated)
  4. Study completionMar 2028 (estimated)

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Sequential
Model description
In-Hospital phase: permuted block design
Masking
Quadruple blind
Who is masked
Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
Enrolment
1,050 participants (estimated)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT05958342
Sponsor's protocol ID
STUDY23040043
Other IDs
HT9426-26-3-E002
Acronym
CAVALIER
Status last verified
Oct 2026
First submitted
14 Jul 2023
Last updated
30 Oct 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
Yes: De-identified data may be shared with the funding agency as well as other researchers upon request to the Principal Investigator

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A Phase 2 study testing Calcium Gluconate and Vasopressin in people with Trauma and Hemorrhage, run by Jason Sperry at 18 sites in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 15 inclusion and 22 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 30 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 18 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

What does this phase mean?

Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.

Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.

Are results available for this study?

This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

Contact Jason Sperry, MD (4128028270, sperryjl@upmc.edu), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Number of participants with 30-day mortality (time frame: from randomization to death or 30 days, whichever comes first). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 30 Oct 2026.

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