Hamstring TightnessNCT06012344
Muscle Energy Technique and Hamstring Nordic Lower for Hamstring Tightness in Young Athletes
A study testing post facilitation stretch, post isometric relaxation and hamstring nordic lower in people with Hamstring Tightness and Athletic Injuries, run by Health Education Research Foundation (HERF) at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
the study aims to assess the efficacy of two interventions, namely the muscle energy technique and the hamstring Nordic lower exercise, in addressing hamstring tightness among young athletes in Pakistan. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 25 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Hamstring Tightness, Athletic Injuries, Athletic Performance
- What is being tested?
- post facilitation stretch, post isometric relaxation and hamstring nordic lower
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 60 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 1 Mar 2021to 23 Jun 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 25 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Athletes with Hamstring tightness
- Both male and female will be included.
- Athletes ages form 18 to 25 years
- athletes having SLR <110˚
Who cannot join
- Athletes having hamstring injuries
- Patients having painful SLR
- Other orthopedic conditions like LBP,
- Athletes with any deformity
- Recent surgery
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Pakistan1 site
Health Educaiton & research Foundation
Islamabad, Capital, 44000
About this study
Official title: The Effectiveness of Muscle Energy Technique and Hamstring Nordic Lower in Hamstring Tightness Amongst Young Athletes of Pakistan
the study aims to assess the efficacy of two interventions, namely the muscle energy technique and the hamstring Nordic lower exercise, in addressing hamstring tightness among young athletes in Pakistan.
Read the detailed description
Title: The Effectiveness of Muscle Energy Technique and Hamstring Nordic Lower Exercise in Managing Hamstring Tightness Among Young Athletes of Pakistan
Objective:
The primary objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of two interventions, the muscle energy technique and the hamstring Nordic lower exercise, in managing hamstring tightness among young athletes from Pakistan.
Background:
Hamstring tightness is a prevalent issue among athletes, which can lead to reduced flexibility, increased risk of injury, and impaired athletic performance. The muscle energy technique is a manual therapy approach that involves active muscle contractions and stretches to improve muscle flexibility and restore normal range of motion. Conversely, the hamstring Nordic lower exercise is a specific eccentric strengthening exercise that targets the hamstring muscles and aims to improve their lengthening capacity.
Study Design:
A randomized controlled trial will be conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the two interventions. Young athletes from Pakistan with hamstring tightness will be recruited as participants. They will be randomly assigned to one of two intervention groups: the muscle energy technique group or the hamstring Nordic lower exercise group. The interventions will be administered by trained healthcare professionals under supervision, following a specific duration and frequency.
Outcome Measures:
The primary outcome measure of interest in this study is the change in hamstring tightness. The measurement tools used to assess this outcome will be reliable and validated. Baseline assessments will be conducted before the intervention period, and post-intervention assessments will take place immediately after the intervention period.
Secondary outcome measures may include improvements in hamstring flexibility, functional performance, and self-reported symptoms related to hamstring tightness. These secondary measures will provide a comprehensive evaluation of the effectiveness of each intervention.
Data Analysis:
Data will be analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. The outcomes between the two intervention groups will be compared to determine the relative effectiveness of the muscle energy technique and the hamstring Nordic lower exercise in managing hamstring tightness.
Implications:
The findings of this research will offer valuable insights into the most suitable intervention for managing hamstring tightness among young athletes in Pakistan. This information can contribute to the development of targeted rehabilitation protocols and injury prevention strategies in this specific population. Furthermore, the results may also have broader implications for similar populations of athletes globally who face similar issues with hamstring tightness.
Conclusion:
By evaluating the effectiveness of the muscle energy technique and the hamstring Nordic lower exercise, this study aims to contribute to the advancement of evidence-based interventions for managing hamstring tightness. The results will be disseminated through scientific publications and presented at relevant conferences to ensure that the knowledge reaches the appropriate healthcare professionals, coaches, and athletes.
- Conditions
- Hamstring Tightness, Athletic Injuries, Athletic Performance
- Being tested
- post facilitation stretch, post isometric relaxation, hamstring nordic lower
- Medical subject headings
- Athletic Injuries
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
post facilitation stretchOther
Also called Muscle energy technique type II
PFS Post-Facilitation Stretch Participants in this arm received the intervention of post-facilitation stretch technique. Post-facilitation stretch involves the application of manual stretching techniques to the targeted muscles after a facilitation phase, which aims to enhance muscle extensibility. The participants underwent a standardized post-facilitation stretch protocol focusing on the hamstring muscles.
post isometric relaxationOther
Also called Muscle energy technique type I
Participants in this arm of the study received the intervention of post-isometric relaxation technique. Post-isometric relaxation involves the application of isometric contraction followed by a relaxation phase to promote muscle lengthening and improve flexibility. The participants underwent a standardized post-isometric relaxation protocol targeting the hamstring muscles.
hamstring nordic lowerOther
Participants in this arm received the intervention of hamstring Nordic lower exercise. The hamstring Nordic lower exercise is a challenging eccentric exercise that specifically targets the hamstring muscles. Participants performed the exercise under supervision and followed a standardized protocol for the number of repetitions, sets, and rest intervals.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Group A | Experimental | 20 participant randomly allocated they were administered in first phase with post facilitation stretch , 3rd phase with post isometric relaxation and then in 5th phase hamstring Nordic lower Receives: Other: post facilitation stretch; Other: post isometric relaxation; Other: hamstring nordic lower |
| Group B | Experimental | 20 participant randomly allocated they were administered in first phase with post isometric relaxation 3rd phase with hamstring Nordic lower and then in 5th phase post facilitation stretch Receives: Other: post facilitation stretch; Other: post isometric relaxation; Other: hamstring nordic lower |
| Group C | Experimental | 20 participant randomly allocated they were administered in first phase hamstring Nordic lower 3rd phase with post facilitation stretch and then in 5th phase post isometric relaxation Receives: Other: post facilitation stretch; Other: post isometric relaxation; Other: hamstring nordic lower |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
hamstring nordic Lower test
The hamstring Nordic lower test is a functional assessment that evaluates the eccentric strength and endurance of the hamstring muscles. During the test, the participant kneels with the ankles secured and gradually lowers their upper body towards the ground while maintaining control. The goal is to use the hamstrings to control the descent and return to the starting position. This test specifically targets the eccentric contraction of the hamstrings, which is crucial for deceleration, change of direction, and injury prevention. By assessing hamstring strength and endurance, the test can identify weaknesses or imbalances that may increase the risk of hamstring injuries.
Measured: phase 1 at baseline
hamstring nordic Lower test
The hamstring Nordic lower test is a functional assessment that evaluates the eccentric strength and endurance of the hamstring muscles. During the test, the participant kneels with the ankles secured and gradually lowers their upper body towards the ground while maintaining control. The goal is to use the hamstrings to control the descent and return to the starting position. This test specifically targets the eccentric contraction of the hamstrings, which is crucial for deceleration, change of direction, and injury prevention. By assessing hamstring strength and endurance, the test can identify weaknesses or imbalances that may increase the risk of hamstring injuries.
Measured: phase 1 post intervention 14th day
hamstring nordic Lower test
The hamstring Nordic lower test is a functional assessment that evaluates the eccentric strength and endurance of the hamstring muscles. During the test, the participant kneels with the ankles secured and gradually lowers their upper body towards the ground while maintaining control. The goal is to use the hamstrings to control the descent and return to the starting position. This test specifically targets the eccentric contraction of the hamstrings, which is crucial for deceleration, change of direction, and injury prevention. By assessing hamstring strength and endurance, the test can identify weaknesses or imbalances that may increase the risk of hamstring injuries.
Measured: phase 2 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
hamstring nordic Lower test
The hamstring Nordic lower test is a functional assessment that evaluates the eccentric strength and endurance of the hamstring muscles. During the test, the participant kneels with the ankles secured and gradually lowers their upper body towards the ground while maintaining control. The goal is to use the hamstrings to control the descent and return to the starting position. This test specifically targets the eccentric contraction of the hamstrings, which is crucial for deceleration, change of direction, and injury prevention. By assessing hamstring strength and endurance, the test can identify weaknesses or imbalances that may increase the risk of hamstring injuries.
Measured: phase 2 post intervention 14th day
hamstring nordic Lower test
The hamstring Nordic lower test is a functional assessment that evaluates the eccentric strength and endurance of the hamstring muscles. During the test, the participant kneels with the ankles secured and gradually lowers their upper body towards the ground while maintaining control. The goal is to use the hamstrings to control the descent and return to the starting position. This test specifically targets the eccentric contraction of the hamstrings, which is crucial for deceleration, change of direction, and injury prevention. By assessing hamstring strength and endurance, the test can identify weaknesses or imbalances that may increase the risk of hamstring injuries.
Measured: phase 3 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
hamstring nordic Lower test
The hamstring Nordic lower test is a functional assessment that evaluates the eccentric strength and endurance of the hamstring muscles. During the test, the participant kneels with the ankles secured and gradually lowers their upper body towards the ground while maintaining control. The goal is to use the hamstrings to control the descent and return to the starting position. This test specifically targets the eccentric contraction of the hamstrings, which is crucial for deceleration, change of direction, and injury prevention. By assessing hamstring strength and endurance, the test can identify weaknesses or imbalances that may increase the risk of hamstring injuries.
Measured: phase 3 post intervention 14th day
100 meter sprint
The 100-meter sprint is typically performed in a single continuous effort, with athletes starting from a stationary position and sprinting as fast as possible to reach the finish line.
Measured: phase 1 at baseline
100 meter sprint
The 100-meter sprint is typically performed in a single continuous effort, with athletes starting from a stationary position and sprinting as fast as possible to reach the finish line.
Measured: phase 1 post intervention 14th day
100 meter sprint
The 100-meter sprint is typically performed in a single continuous effort, with athletes starting from a stationary position and sprinting as fast as possible to reach the finish line.
Measured: phase 2 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
100 meter sprint
The 100-meter sprint is typically performed in a single continuous effort, with athletes starting from a stationary position and sprinting as fast as possible to reach the finish line.
Measured: phase 2 post intervention 14th day
100 meter sprint
The 100-meter sprint is typically performed in a single continuous effort, with athletes starting from a stationary position and sprinting as fast as possible to reach the finish line.
Measured: phase 3 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
100 meter sprint
The 100-meter sprint is typically performed in a single continuous effort, with athletes starting from a stationary position and sprinting as fast as possible to reach the finish line.
Measured: phase 3 post intervention 14th day
agility run test
The agility run test is commonly used in sports that require quick changes of direction, such as soccer, basketball, tennis, and football. It helps to evaluate an athlete's ability to accelerate, decelerate, and change direction efficiently, which are crucial skills for success in these sports.
Measured: phase 1 at baseline
agility run test
The agility run test is commonly used in sports that require quick changes of direction, such as soccer, basketball, tennis, and football. It helps to evaluate an athlete's ability to accelerate, decelerate, and change direction efficiently, which are crucial skills for success in these sports.
Measured: phase 1 post intervention 14th day
agility run test
The agility run test is commonly used in sports that require quick changes of direction, such as soccer, basketball, tennis, and football. It helps to evaluate an athlete's ability to accelerate, decelerate, and change direction efficiently, which are crucial skills for success in these sports.
Measured: phase 2 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
agility run test
The agility run test is commonly used in sports that require quick changes of direction, such as soccer, basketball, tennis, and football. It helps to evaluate an athlete's ability to accelerate, decelerate, and change direction efficiently, which are crucial skills for success in these sports.
Measured: phase 2 post intervention 14th day
agility run test
The agility run test is commonly used in sports that require quick changes of direction, such as soccer, basketball, tennis, and football. It helps to evaluate an athlete's ability to accelerate, decelerate, and change direction efficiently, which are crucial skills for success in these sports.
Measured: phase 3 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
agility run test
The agility run test is commonly used in sports that require quick changes of direction, such as soccer, basketball, tennis, and football. It helps to evaluate an athlete's ability to accelerate, decelerate, and change direction efficiently, which are crucial skills for success in these sports.
Measured: phase 3 post intervention 14th day
vertical jump
By assessing the vertical jump performance, the test indirectly provides insights into the strength and power of the lower body muscles, including the hamstrings. A strong and well-functioning hamstring muscle group is crucial for generating force during the jump and contributing to the overall jump height.
Measured: phase 1 at baseline
vertical jump
By assessing the vertical jump performance, the test indirectly provides insights into the strength and power of the lower body muscles, including the hamstrings. A strong and well-functioning hamstring muscle group is crucial for generating force during the jump and contributing to the overall jump height.
Measured: phase 1 post intervention 14th day
vertical jump
By assessing the vertical jump performance, the test indirectly provides insights into the strength and power of the lower body muscles, including the hamstrings. A strong and well-functioning hamstring muscle group is crucial for generating force during the jump and contributing to the overall jump height.
Measured: phase 2 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
vertical jump
By assessing the vertical jump performance, the test indirectly provides insights into the strength and power of the lower body muscles, including the hamstrings. A strong and well-functioning hamstring muscle group is crucial for generating force during the jump and contributing to the overall jump height.
Measured: phase 2 post intervention 14th day
vertical jump
By assessing the vertical jump performance, the test indirectly provides insights into the strength and power of the lower body muscles, including the hamstrings. A strong and well-functioning hamstring muscle group is crucial for generating force during the jump and contributing to the overall jump height.
Measured: phase 3 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
vertical jump
By assessing the vertical jump performance, the test indirectly provides insights into the strength and power of the lower body muscles, including the hamstrings. A strong and well-functioning hamstring muscle group is crucial for generating force during the jump and contributing to the overall jump height.
Measured: phase 3 post intervention 14th day
YMCA sit & reach box
The YMCA sit and reach box is a commonly used tool to measure and assess hamstring and lower back flexibility. It consists of a box or platform with a measuring scale and a sliding panel. The participant sits with their legs extended, placing their feet against the box. They then reach forward with both hands, sliding the panel as far as possible along the measuring scale while keeping their knees straight. The distance reached is recorded as the measurement of flexibility. The YMCA sit and reach test provides an objective measurement of hamstring and lower back flexibility and is widely used in research, fitness testing, and clinical assessments. It is a simple and practical tool to evaluate an individual's flexibility level and monitor changes over time.
Measured: phase 1 at baseline
YMCA sit & reach box
The YMCA sit and reach box is a commonly used tool to measure and assess hamstring and lower back flexibility. It consists of a box or platform with a measuring scale and a sliding panel. The participant sits with their legs extended, placing their feet against the box. They then reach forward with both hands, sliding the panel as far as possible along the measuring scale while keeping their knees straight. The distance reached is recorded as the measurement of flexibility. The YMCA sit and reach test provides an objective measurement of hamstring and lower back flexibility and is widely used in research, fitness testing, and clinical assessments. It is a simple and practical tool to evaluate an individual's flexibility level and monitor changes over time.
Measured: phase 1 post intervention 14th day
YMCA sit & reach box
The YMCA sit and reach box is a commonly used tool to measure and assess hamstring and lower back flexibility. It consists of a box or platform with a measuring scale and a sliding panel. The participant sits with their legs extended, placing their feet against the box. They then reach forward with both hands, sliding the panel as far as possible along the measuring scale while keeping their knees straight. The distance reached is recorded as the measurement of flexibility. The YMCA sit and reach test provides an objective measurement of hamstring and lower back flexibility and is widely used in research, fitness testing, and clinical assessments. It is a simple and practical tool to evaluate an individual's flexibility level and monitor changes over time.
Measured: phase 2 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
YMCA sit & reach box
The YMCA sit and reach box is a commonly used tool to measure and assess hamstring and lower back flexibility. It consists of a box or platform with a measuring scale and a sliding panel. The participant sits with their legs extended, placing their feet against the box. They then reach forward with both hands, sliding the panel as far as possible along the measuring scale while keeping their knees straight. The distance reached is recorded as the measurement of flexibility. The YMCA sit and reach test provides an objective measurement of hamstring and lower back flexibility and is widely used in research, fitness testing, and clinical assessments. It is a simple and practical tool to evaluate an individual's flexibility level and monitor changes over time.
Measured: phase 2 post intervention 14th day
YMCA sit & reach box
The YMCA sit and reach box is a commonly used tool to measure and assess hamstring and lower back flexibility. It consists of a box or platform with a measuring scale and a sliding panel. The participant sits with their legs extended, placing their feet against the box. They then reach forward with both hands, sliding the panel as far as possible along the measuring scale while keeping their knees straight. The distance reached is recorded as the measurement of flexibility. The YMCA sit and reach test provides an objective measurement of hamstring and lower back flexibility and is widely used in research, fitness testing, and clinical assessments. It is a simple and practical tool to evaluate an individual's flexibility level and monitor changes over time.
Measured: phase 3 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
YMCA sit & reach box
The YMCA sit and reach box is a commonly used tool to measure and assess hamstring and lower back flexibility. It consists of a box or platform with a measuring scale and a sliding panel. The participant sits with their legs extended, placing their feet against the box. They then reach forward with both hands, sliding the panel as far as possible along the measuring scale while keeping their knees straight. The distance reached is recorded as the measurement of flexibility. The YMCA sit and reach test provides an objective measurement of hamstring and lower back flexibility and is widely used in research, fitness testing, and clinical assessments. It is a simple and practical tool to evaluate an individual's flexibility level and monitor changes over time.
Measured: phase 3 post intervention 14th day
Secondary outcomes (6)
Hamstring Eccentric Testing Questionnaire
This questionnaire aims to gather information about athlete experiences and perceptions related to hamstring eccentric testing. The purpose of the questionnaire is to gather valuable insights that can contribute to the development and improvement of hamstring eccentric testing protocols. athlete participation and honest responses are greatly appreciated.
Measured: phase 1 at baseline
Hamstring Eccentric Testing Questionnaire
This questionnaire aims to gather information about athlete experiences and perceptions related to hamstring eccentric testing. The purpose of the questionnaire is to gather valuable insights that can contribute to the development and improvement of hamstring eccentric testing protocols. athlete participation and honest responses are greatly appreciated.
Measured: phase 1 post intervention 14th day
Hamstring Eccentric Testing Questionnaire
This questionnaire aims to gather information about athlete experiences and perceptions related to hamstring eccentric testing. The purpose of the questionnaire is to gather valuable insights that can contribute to the development and improvement of hamstring eccentric testing protocols. athlete participation and honest responses are greatly appreciated.
Measured: phase 2 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
Hamstring Eccentric Testing Questionnaire
This questionnaire aims to gather information about athlete experiences and perceptions related to hamstring eccentric testing. The purpose of the questionnaire is to gather valuable insights that can contribute to the development and improvement of hamstring eccentric testing protocols. athlete participation and honest responses are greatly appreciated.
Measured: phase 2 post intervention 14th day
Hamstring Eccentric Testing Questionnaire
This questionnaire aims to gather information about athlete experiences and perceptions related to hamstring eccentric testing. The purpose of the questionnaire is to gather valuable insights that can contribute to the development and improvement of hamstring eccentric testing protocols. athlete participation and honest responses are greatly appreciated.
Measured: phase 3 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
Hamstring Eccentric Testing Questionnaire
This questionnaire aims to gather information about athlete experiences and perceptions related to hamstring eccentric testing. The purpose of the questionnaire is to gather valuable insights that can contribute to the development and improvement of hamstring eccentric testing protocols. athlete participation and honest responses are greatly appreciated.
Measured: phase 3 post intervention 14th day
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted25 Aug 2023
- Study start1 Mar 2021
- Primary completion26 Feb 2023
- Study completion23 Jun 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Hamstring TightnessStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Model description
- This triple-blinded, randomized clinical trial employed a five-phase crossover design to evaluate the effects of post-isometric relaxation, post-facilitation stretch, and hamstring Nordic lower exercises on hamstring function and athletic performance in young athletes. Participants were randomly assigned to treatment groups in Phase I, followed by washout periods in Phases II and IV. In Phase III, participants switched treatments to ensure exposure to all interventions. Outcome measures included hamstring flexibility, lower limb power, speed and acceleration, hamstring strength, and agility. The study utilized triple-blinding and randomization to minimize biases. The findings will guide practitioners and coaches in optimizing training and rehabilitation strategies for young athletes. In conclusion, this trial provides valuable insights into the effects of different treatments on hamstring function and athletic performance, benefiting athletes and enhancing performance outcomes.
- Masking
- Quadruple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Health Education Research Foundation (HERF)
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- waqar Ahmed Awan, Ph.D, Study director, HERF
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06012344
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Bhutta001
- Status last verified
- Aug 2023
- First submitted
- 1 Jul 2023
- Last updated
- 25 Aug 2023
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 25 Aug 2023. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effectiveness of Muscle Energy Technique and Hamstring Nordic Lower in Hamstring Tightness Amongst Young Athletes of Pakistan
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06012344
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Bhutta001
- Conditions
- Hamstring Tightness, Athletic Injuries, Athletic Performance
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Health Education Research Foundation (HERF)University, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Mar 2021 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 26 Feb 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 23 Jun 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 25 Aug 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
the study aims to assess the efficacy of two interventions, namely the muscle energy technique and the hamstring Nordic lower exercise, in addressing hamstring tightness among young athletes in Pakistan.
Detailed description
Title: The Effectiveness of Muscle Energy Technique and Hamstring Nordic Lower Exercise in Managing Hamstring Tightness Among Young Athletes of Pakistan
Objective:
The primary objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of two interventions, the muscle energy technique and the hamstring Nordic lower exercise, in managing hamstring tightness among young athletes from Pakistan.
Background:
Hamstring tightness is a prevalent issue among athletes, which can lead to reduced flexibility, increased risk of injury, and impaired athletic performance. The muscle energy technique is a manual therapy approach that involves active muscle contractions and stretches to improve muscle flexibility and restore normal range of motion. Conversely, the hamstring Nordic lower exercise is a specific eccentric strengthening exercise that targets the hamstring muscles and aims to improve their lengthening capacity.
Study Design:
A randomized controlled trial will be conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the two interventions. Young athletes from Pakistan with hamstring tightness will be recruited as participants. They will be randomly assigned to one of two intervention groups: the muscle energy technique group or the hamstring Nordic lower exercise group. The interventions will be administered by trained healthcare professionals under supervision, following a specific duration and frequency.
Outcome Measures:
The primary outcome measure of interest in this study is the change in hamstring tightness. The measurement tools used to assess this outcome will be reliable and validated. Baseline assessments will be conducted before the intervention period, and post-intervention assessments will take place immediately after the intervention period.
Secondary outcome measures may include improvements in hamstring flexibility, functional performance, and self-reported symptoms related to hamstring tightness. These secondary measures will provide a comprehensive evaluation of the effectiveness of each intervention.
Data Analysis:
Data will be analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. The outcomes between the two intervention groups will be compared to determine the relative effectiveness of the muscle energy technique and the hamstring Nordic lower exercise in managing hamstring tightness.
Implications:
The findings of this research will offer valuable insights into the most suitable intervention for managing hamstring tightness among young athletes in Pakistan. This information can contribute to the development of targeted rehabilitation protocols and injury prevention strategies in this specific population. Furthermore, the results may also have broader implications for similar populations of athletes globally who face similar issues with hamstring tightness.
Conclusion:
By evaluating the effectiveness of the muscle energy technique and the hamstring Nordic lower exercise, this study aims to contribute to the advancement of evidence-based interventions for managing hamstring tightness. The results will be disseminated through scientific publications and presented at relevant conferences to ensure that the knowledge reaches the appropriate healthcare professionals, coaches, and athletes.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Quadruple blind (participant, care provider, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 3
- Model description
- This triple-blinded, randomized clinical trial employed a five-phase crossover design to evaluate the effects of post-isometric relaxation, post-facilitation stretch, and hamstring Nordic lower exercises on hamstring function and athletic performance in young athletes. Participants were randomly assigned to treatment groups in Phase I, followed by washout periods in Phases II and IV. In Phase III, participants switched treatments to ensure exposure to all interventions. Outcome measures included hamstring flexibility, lower limb power, speed and acceleration, hamstring strength, and agility. The study utilized triple-blinding and randomization to minimize biases. The findings will guide practitioners and coaches in optimizing training and rehabilitation strategies for young athletes. In conclusion, this trial provides valuable insights into the effects of different treatments on hamstring function and athletic performance, benefiting athletes and enhancing performance outcomes.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Group A | Experimental | Other: post facilitation stretch, Other: post isometric relaxation, Other: hamstring nordic lower20 participant randomly allocated they were administered in first phase with post facilitation stretch , 3rd phase with post isometric relaxation and then in 5th phase hamstring Nordic lower |
| Group B | Experimental | Other: post facilitation stretch, Other: post isometric relaxation, Other: hamstring nordic lower20 participant randomly allocated they were administered in first phase with post isometric relaxation 3rd phase with hamstring Nordic lower and then in 5th phase post facilitation stretch |
| Group C | Experimental | Other: post facilitation stretch, Other: post isometric relaxation, Other: hamstring nordic lower20 participant randomly allocated they were administered in first phase hamstring Nordic lower 3rd phase with post facilitation stretch and then in 5th phase post isometric relaxation |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 25 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Athletes with Hamstring tightness
- Both male and female will be included.
- Athletes ages form 18 to 25 years
- athletes having SLR <110˚
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Athletes having hamstring injuries
- Patients having painful SLR
- Other orthopedic conditions like LBP,
- Athletes with any deformity
- Recent surgery
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| post facilitation stretchAlso: Muscle energy technique type IIPFS Post-Facilitation Stretch Participants in this arm received the intervention of post-facilitation stretch technique. Post-facilitation stretch involves the application of manual stretching techniques to the targeted muscles after a facilitation phase, which aims to enhance muscle extensibility. The participants underwent a standardized post-facilitation stretch protocol focusing on the hamstring muscles. | Other | Group A, Group B, Group C |
| post isometric relaxationAlso: Muscle energy technique type IParticipants in this arm of the study received the intervention of post-isometric relaxation technique. Post-isometric relaxation involves the application of isometric contraction followed by a relaxation phase to promote muscle lengthening and improve flexibility. The participants underwent a standardized post-isometric relaxation protocol targeting the hamstring muscles. | Other | Group A, Group B, Group C |
| hamstring nordic lowerParticipants in this arm received the intervention of hamstring Nordic lower exercise. The hamstring Nordic lower exercise is a challenging eccentric exercise that specifically targets the hamstring muscles. Participants performed the exercise under supervision and followed a standardized protocol for the number of repetitions, sets, and rest intervals. | Other | Group A, Group B, Group C |
Primary outcome
hamstring nordic Lower test
Time frame: phase 1 at baseline
The hamstring Nordic lower test is a functional assessment that evaluates the eccentric strength and endurance of the hamstring muscles. During the test, the participant kneels with the ankles secured and gradually lowers their upper body towards the ground while maintaining control. The goal is to use the hamstrings to control the descent and return to the starting position. This test specifically targets the eccentric contraction of the hamstrings, which is crucial for deceleration, change of direction, and injury prevention. By assessing hamstring strength and endurance, the test can identify weaknesses or imbalances that may increase the risk of hamstring injuries.
hamstring nordic Lower test
Time frame: phase 1 post intervention 14th day
The hamstring Nordic lower test is a functional assessment that evaluates the eccentric strength and endurance of the hamstring muscles. During the test, the participant kneels with the ankles secured and gradually lowers their upper body towards the ground while maintaining control. The goal is to use the hamstrings to control the descent and return to the starting position. This test specifically targets the eccentric contraction of the hamstrings, which is crucial for deceleration, change of direction, and injury prevention. By assessing hamstring strength and endurance, the test can identify weaknesses or imbalances that may increase the risk of hamstring injuries.
hamstring nordic Lower test
Time frame: phase 2 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
The hamstring Nordic lower test is a functional assessment that evaluates the eccentric strength and endurance of the hamstring muscles. During the test, the participant kneels with the ankles secured and gradually lowers their upper body towards the ground while maintaining control. The goal is to use the hamstrings to control the descent and return to the starting position. This test specifically targets the eccentric contraction of the hamstrings, which is crucial for deceleration, change of direction, and injury prevention. By assessing hamstring strength and endurance, the test can identify weaknesses or imbalances that may increase the risk of hamstring injuries.
hamstring nordic Lower test
Time frame: phase 2 post intervention 14th day
The hamstring Nordic lower test is a functional assessment that evaluates the eccentric strength and endurance of the hamstring muscles. During the test, the participant kneels with the ankles secured and gradually lowers their upper body towards the ground while maintaining control. The goal is to use the hamstrings to control the descent and return to the starting position. This test specifically targets the eccentric contraction of the hamstrings, which is crucial for deceleration, change of direction, and injury prevention. By assessing hamstring strength and endurance, the test can identify weaknesses or imbalances that may increase the risk of hamstring injuries.
hamstring nordic Lower test
Time frame: phase 3 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
The hamstring Nordic lower test is a functional assessment that evaluates the eccentric strength and endurance of the hamstring muscles. During the test, the participant kneels with the ankles secured and gradually lowers their upper body towards the ground while maintaining control. The goal is to use the hamstrings to control the descent and return to the starting position. This test specifically targets the eccentric contraction of the hamstrings, which is crucial for deceleration, change of direction, and injury prevention. By assessing hamstring strength and endurance, the test can identify weaknesses or imbalances that may increase the risk of hamstring injuries.
hamstring nordic Lower test
Time frame: phase 3 post intervention 14th day
The hamstring Nordic lower test is a functional assessment that evaluates the eccentric strength and endurance of the hamstring muscles. During the test, the participant kneels with the ankles secured and gradually lowers their upper body towards the ground while maintaining control. The goal is to use the hamstrings to control the descent and return to the starting position. This test specifically targets the eccentric contraction of the hamstrings, which is crucial for deceleration, change of direction, and injury prevention. By assessing hamstring strength and endurance, the test can identify weaknesses or imbalances that may increase the risk of hamstring injuries.
100 meter sprint
Time frame: phase 1 at baseline
The 100-meter sprint is typically performed in a single continuous effort, with athletes starting from a stationary position and sprinting as fast as possible to reach the finish line.
100 meter sprint
Time frame: phase 1 post intervention 14th day
The 100-meter sprint is typically performed in a single continuous effort, with athletes starting from a stationary position and sprinting as fast as possible to reach the finish line.
100 meter sprint
Time frame: phase 2 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
The 100-meter sprint is typically performed in a single continuous effort, with athletes starting from a stationary position and sprinting as fast as possible to reach the finish line.
100 meter sprint
Time frame: phase 2 post intervention 14th day
The 100-meter sprint is typically performed in a single continuous effort, with athletes starting from a stationary position and sprinting as fast as possible to reach the finish line.
100 meter sprint
Time frame: phase 3 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
The 100-meter sprint is typically performed in a single continuous effort, with athletes starting from a stationary position and sprinting as fast as possible to reach the finish line.
100 meter sprint
Time frame: phase 3 post intervention 14th day
The 100-meter sprint is typically performed in a single continuous effort, with athletes starting from a stationary position and sprinting as fast as possible to reach the finish line.
agility run test
Time frame: phase 1 at baseline
The agility run test is commonly used in sports that require quick changes of direction, such as soccer, basketball, tennis, and football. It helps to evaluate an athlete's ability to accelerate, decelerate, and change direction efficiently, which are crucial skills for success in these sports.
agility run test
Time frame: phase 1 post intervention 14th day
The agility run test is commonly used in sports that require quick changes of direction, such as soccer, basketball, tennis, and football. It helps to evaluate an athlete's ability to accelerate, decelerate, and change direction efficiently, which are crucial skills for success in these sports.
agility run test
Time frame: phase 2 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
The agility run test is commonly used in sports that require quick changes of direction, such as soccer, basketball, tennis, and football. It helps to evaluate an athlete's ability to accelerate, decelerate, and change direction efficiently, which are crucial skills for success in these sports.
agility run test
Time frame: phase 2 post intervention 14th day
The agility run test is commonly used in sports that require quick changes of direction, such as soccer, basketball, tennis, and football. It helps to evaluate an athlete's ability to accelerate, decelerate, and change direction efficiently, which are crucial skills for success in these sports.
agility run test
Time frame: phase 3 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
The agility run test is commonly used in sports that require quick changes of direction, such as soccer, basketball, tennis, and football. It helps to evaluate an athlete's ability to accelerate, decelerate, and change direction efficiently, which are crucial skills for success in these sports.
agility run test
Time frame: phase 3 post intervention 14th day
The agility run test is commonly used in sports that require quick changes of direction, such as soccer, basketball, tennis, and football. It helps to evaluate an athlete's ability to accelerate, decelerate, and change direction efficiently, which are crucial skills for success in these sports.
vertical jump
Time frame: phase 1 at baseline
By assessing the vertical jump performance, the test indirectly provides insights into the strength and power of the lower body muscles, including the hamstrings. A strong and well-functioning hamstring muscle group is crucial for generating force during the jump and contributing to the overall jump height.
vertical jump
Time frame: phase 1 post intervention 14th day
By assessing the vertical jump performance, the test indirectly provides insights into the strength and power of the lower body muscles, including the hamstrings. A strong and well-functioning hamstring muscle group is crucial for generating force during the jump and contributing to the overall jump height.
vertical jump
Time frame: phase 2 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
By assessing the vertical jump performance, the test indirectly provides insights into the strength and power of the lower body muscles, including the hamstrings. A strong and well-functioning hamstring muscle group is crucial for generating force during the jump and contributing to the overall jump height.
vertical jump
Time frame: phase 2 post intervention 14th day
By assessing the vertical jump performance, the test indirectly provides insights into the strength and power of the lower body muscles, including the hamstrings. A strong and well-functioning hamstring muscle group is crucial for generating force during the jump and contributing to the overall jump height.
vertical jump
Time frame: phase 3 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
By assessing the vertical jump performance, the test indirectly provides insights into the strength and power of the lower body muscles, including the hamstrings. A strong and well-functioning hamstring muscle group is crucial for generating force during the jump and contributing to the overall jump height.
vertical jump
Time frame: phase 3 post intervention 14th day
By assessing the vertical jump performance, the test indirectly provides insights into the strength and power of the lower body muscles, including the hamstrings. A strong and well-functioning hamstring muscle group is crucial for generating force during the jump and contributing to the overall jump height.
YMCA sit & reach box
Time frame: phase 1 at baseline
The YMCA sit and reach box is a commonly used tool to measure and assess hamstring and lower back flexibility. It consists of a box or platform with a measuring scale and a sliding panel. The participant sits with their legs extended, placing their feet against the box. They then reach forward with both hands, sliding the panel as far as possible along the measuring scale while keeping their knees straight. The distance reached is recorded as the measurement of flexibility. The YMCA sit and reach test provides an objective measurement of hamstring and lower back flexibility and is widely used in research, fitness testing, and clinical assessments. It is a simple and practical tool to evaluate an individual's flexibility level and monitor changes over time.
YMCA sit & reach box
Time frame: phase 1 post intervention 14th day
The YMCA sit and reach box is a commonly used tool to measure and assess hamstring and lower back flexibility. It consists of a box or platform with a measuring scale and a sliding panel. The participant sits with their legs extended, placing their feet against the box. They then reach forward with both hands, sliding the panel as far as possible along the measuring scale while keeping their knees straight. The distance reached is recorded as the measurement of flexibility. The YMCA sit and reach test provides an objective measurement of hamstring and lower back flexibility and is widely used in research, fitness testing, and clinical assessments. It is a simple and practical tool to evaluate an individual's flexibility level and monitor changes over time.
YMCA sit & reach box
Time frame: phase 2 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
The YMCA sit and reach box is a commonly used tool to measure and assess hamstring and lower back flexibility. It consists of a box or platform with a measuring scale and a sliding panel. The participant sits with their legs extended, placing their feet against the box. They then reach forward with both hands, sliding the panel as far as possible along the measuring scale while keeping their knees straight. The distance reached is recorded as the measurement of flexibility. The YMCA sit and reach test provides an objective measurement of hamstring and lower back flexibility and is widely used in research, fitness testing, and clinical assessments. It is a simple and practical tool to evaluate an individual's flexibility level and monitor changes over time.
YMCA sit & reach box
Time frame: phase 2 post intervention 14th day
The YMCA sit and reach box is a commonly used tool to measure and assess hamstring and lower back flexibility. It consists of a box or platform with a measuring scale and a sliding panel. The participant sits with their legs extended, placing their feet against the box. They then reach forward with both hands, sliding the panel as far as possible along the measuring scale while keeping their knees straight. The distance reached is recorded as the measurement of flexibility. The YMCA sit and reach test provides an objective measurement of hamstring and lower back flexibility and is widely used in research, fitness testing, and clinical assessments. It is a simple and practical tool to evaluate an individual's flexibility level and monitor changes over time.
YMCA sit & reach box
Time frame: phase 3 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
The YMCA sit and reach box is a commonly used tool to measure and assess hamstring and lower back flexibility. It consists of a box or platform with a measuring scale and a sliding panel. The participant sits with their legs extended, placing their feet against the box. They then reach forward with both hands, sliding the panel as far as possible along the measuring scale while keeping their knees straight. The distance reached is recorded as the measurement of flexibility. The YMCA sit and reach test provides an objective measurement of hamstring and lower back flexibility and is widely used in research, fitness testing, and clinical assessments. It is a simple and practical tool to evaluate an individual's flexibility level and monitor changes over time.
YMCA sit & reach box
Time frame: phase 3 post intervention 14th day
The YMCA sit and reach box is a commonly used tool to measure and assess hamstring and lower back flexibility. It consists of a box or platform with a measuring scale and a sliding panel. The participant sits with their legs extended, placing their feet against the box. They then reach forward with both hands, sliding the panel as far as possible along the measuring scale while keeping their knees straight. The distance reached is recorded as the measurement of flexibility. The YMCA sit and reach test provides an objective measurement of hamstring and lower back flexibility and is widely used in research, fitness testing, and clinical assessments. It is a simple and practical tool to evaluate an individual's flexibility level and monitor changes over time.
6 secondary outcomes
Hamstring Eccentric Testing Questionnaire
Time frame: phase 1 at baseline
Hamstring Eccentric Testing Questionnaire
Time frame: phase 1 post intervention 14th day
Hamstring Eccentric Testing Questionnaire
Time frame: phase 2 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
Hamstring Eccentric Testing Questionnaire
Time frame: phase 2 post intervention 14th day
Hamstring Eccentric Testing Questionnaire
Time frame: phase 3 at baseline (after 4 week of washout period)
Hamstring Eccentric Testing Questionnaire
Time frame: phase 3 post intervention 14th day
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 25 Aug 2023.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
waqar Ahmed Awan, Ph.D study director
HERF
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing post facilitation stretch, post isometric relaxation and hamstring nordic lower in people with Hamstring Tightness and Athletic Injuries, run by Health Education Research Foundation (HERF) at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 25 Aug 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
hamstring nordic Lower test (time frame: phase 1 at baseline). The study lists 30 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 25 Aug 2023.