Autism Spectrum DisorderNCT06030752
WMT for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
An observational study of Autism Spectrum Disorder, run by The Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical University at 2 sites in China.
Trial summary
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a group of serious neurodevelopmental disorders. A significant comorbidity exists between ADHD and ASD: 30%-50% of individuals with ASD exhibit ADHD symptoms, and two-thirds with ADHD show ASD traits. Intestinal microbial disturbance is common in children with ASD. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 3 to 17 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Autism Spectrum Disorder
- What is being tested?
- Washed Microbiota Transplantation
- How many people
- 80 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesChina
- Study dates
- 20 Sep 2023to 1 May 2027
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 3 to 17 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child
Study population: Children and adolescents with an established diagnosis of ASD or ADHD + ASD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition;.
Who may be able to join
- Children and adolescents with an established diagnosis of ASD or ADHD + ASD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition;.
- Age 3-17 years.
- Received stable treatments for ≥1 month preceding WMT
Who cannot join
- Their guardian could not understand the questionnaires or provide informed consent.
- Diagnosed with a single-gene disorder, major brain malformations, gastrointestinal diseases (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, or eosinophilic esophagitis)
- Had severe comorbidities including cardiopulmonary failure, severe liver, and kidney diseases, severe infection, tumors, etc.
- Accompanied with other life-threatening disorders required emergency treatment.
- Unable to tolerate colonoscopy or anesthesia.
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
China2 sites, 2 recruiting
- Recruiting
Department of Microbiota Medicine & Medical Centre for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
Nanjing, Jiangsu
Faming Zhang, PhD, 086-025-58509883, fzhang@njmu.edu.cn
- Recruiting
SIR RUN RUN hospital of Nanjing Medical University
Nanjing, Jiangsu
Faming Zhang, PhD, 086-25-58509883, fzhang@njmu.edu.cn
About this study
Official title: Washed Microbiota Transplantation (WMT) for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a group of serious neurodevelopmental disorders. A significant comorbidity exists between ADHD and ASD: 30%-50% of individuals with ASD exhibit ADHD symptoms, and two-thirds with ADHD show ASD traits. Intestinal microbial disturbance is common in children with ASD. A great deal of evidence shows that intestinal microbes can influence the brain to play its role through "gut-brain-microbiota axis". We intend to explore the role of Washed Microbiota Transplantation in improving symptoms of children in ASD with or without ADHD; To study the potential etiological mechanism of WMT for the neurodevelopmental disorders.
Read the detailed description
Very few literatures reported the clinical use of microbiota or bacteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder. The most effective strategy for reconstruction of gut microbiota should be fecal microbiota transplantation (WMT). Washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) can significantly reduce FMT-related AEs by removing parasite eggs, fecal particles, and fungi through a series of automated washing procedures. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of FMT for ASD. Patients received repeated WMT with fecal from healthy donors. Microbiota analysis will also be performed on both the donor and recipient stool sample prior to transplantation, and on the recipient sample at 3 month post transplantation. This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) in children with ASD and explore the role of washed bacteria transplantation in improving ASD symptoms.
- Conditions
- Autism Spectrum Disorder
- Being tested
- Washed Microbiota Transplantation
- Keywords
- fecal Microbiota Transplantation, Autism spectrum disorder, Gut microbiota, Gut-brain axis
- Medical subject headings
- Autism Spectrum Disorder
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Washed Microbiota TransplantationDrug
Also called Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
The prepared microbiota suspension was infused into the participates' lower gut.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Washed microbiota transplantation | WMT Receives: Drug: Washed Microbiota Transplantation |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Changes in the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) in ASD children
ABC is a scale used for nonadaptive behaviors created to screen and indicate the probability of a diagnosis of autism. The questionnaire including 57 items related to five areas: sensorial, relational, use of body and objects, and social skills. Scale score> 67 strongly suggests the presence of autism.
Measured: baseline, 1 month , 3 months, 6 months post transplantation
Change in Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) in ASD children
ASD symptoms will be assessed using the Chinese version of the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC), which comprise four subscales to measure child speech/language/communication, sociability, sensory/cognitive awareness, and health/physical/behavior. The scale has 77 items that are scored by parents. The health/physical/behavior subscale is rated using a 0 (not a problem)-to-3 (serious problem) point scale, whereas the other three subscales are rated using a 0 (not true)-to-2 (very true) point scale. Higher scores represent more ASD symptoms.
Measured: baseline, 1 month,3 months, 6 months post transplantation
Secondary outcomes (6)
Evaluate the difference of the gut microbe composition between children with ASD and healthy children by sequencing faecal metagenome.
The composition of the gut microbe was evaluated by sequencing faecal metagenome. We evaluate the differences in the structure of the flora and its metabolism between the two at the phylum, genus and species levels of the intestinal flora and control children, and to develop a model for predicting the structure of the flora.
Measured: Fecal samples from ASD and healthy children were collected at baseline and 3 month, 6 months post transplantation.
The Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children
The Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) was used to assess sleep quality in children with ASD. It had 26 items, each with a score from 0-4. Higher SDSC scores indicated poorer sleep quality
Measured: baseline, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months post transplantation
The Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale
The Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) was used to assess gastrointestinal symptoms. It was a 7-point Likert scale questionnaire with 15 items. The 15 items can be divided into 5 dimensions: abdominal pain (3 items), reflux (2 items), dyspepsia (4 items), diarrhea (3 items), and constipation (3 items).
Measured: baseline, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months post transplantation
Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement
The Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement (CGI-I) evaluated by experienced clinician was used to assess the symptom changes relative to baseline, rated on a 7-point scale from 1 (very much improved) to 7 (very much worse) [26]. CGI-I = 1 or 2 was considered a clinical response.
Measured: baseline, 1 months, 3 months, 6 months post transplantation
The Chinese version of Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham-IV (SNAP-IV)
It was a 26-item questionnaire that measured three of the ADHD symptoms, inattention (items 1-9), hyperactivity (items 10-18), and oppositional defiant disorder (items 19-26). The 26-item checklist was scored on a 4-point Likert scale ranging between Not At All (0) and Very Much (3).
Measured: At baseline, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after WMT
Conners' Parent Rating Scale-Revised (CPRS-R)
The CPRS-R was composed of 10 items derived from the Revised Conners Parent Rating Scale. It used a 4-point Likert scale (range: 0-30), with higher scores indicating more severe symptoms.
Measured: At baseline, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after WMT
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted11 Sep 2023
- Study start20 Sep 2023
- Primary completion4 Apr 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion1 May 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (12)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Autism Spectrum DisorderStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 80 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Nanjing Medical University
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Faming Zhang, The Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
- Investigators
- Faming Zhang, PhD, Principal investigator, The Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06030752
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- WMT-ASD-2023
- Status last verified
- Sep 2025
- First submitted
- 25 May 2023
- Last updated
- 18 Sep 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Hirota T, King BH. Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review. JAMA. 2023 Jan 10;329(2):157-168. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.23661.
PubMed 36625807Solmi M, Radua J, Olivola M, Croce E, Soardo L, Salazar de Pablo G, Il Shin J, Kirkbride JB, Jones P, Kim JH, Kim JY, Carvalho AF, Seeman MV, Correll CU, Fusar-Poli P. Age at onset of mental disorders worldwide: large-scale meta-analysis of 192 epidemiological studies. Mol Psychiatry. 2022 Jan;27(1):281-295. doi: 10.1038/s41380-021-01161-7. Epub 2021 Jun 2.
PubMed 34079068Brugha TS, Spiers N, Bankart J, Cooper SA, McManus S, Scott FJ, Smith J, Tyrer F. Epidemiology of autism in adults across age groups and ability levels. Br J Psychiatry. 2016 Dec;209(6):498-503. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.115.174649. Epub 2016 Jul 7.
PubMed 27388569Khachadourian V, Mahjani B, Sandin S, Kolevzon A, Buxbaum JD, Reichenberg A, Janecka M. Comorbidities in autism spectrum disorder and their etiologies. Transl Psychiatry. 2023 Feb 25;13(1):71. doi: 10.1038/s41398-023-02374-w.
PubMed 36841830Liang X, Haegele JA, Tse AC, Li M, Zhang H, Zhao S, Li SX. The impact of the physical activity intervention on sleep in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev. 2024 Apr;74:101913. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2024.101913. Epub 2024 Feb 23.
PubMed 38442500Chen Y, Fang H, Li C, Wu G, Xu T, Yang X, Zhao L, Ke X, Zhang C. Gut Bacteria Shared by Children and Their Mothers Associate with Developmental Level and Social Deficits in Autism Spectrum Disorder. mSphere. 2020 Dec 2;5(6):e01044-20. doi: 10.1128/mSphere.01044-20.
PubMed 33268567Jacob S, Veenstra-VanderWeele J, Murphy D, McCracken J, Smith J, Sanders K, Meyenberg C, Wiese T, Deol-Bhullar G, Wandel C, Ashford E, Anagnostou E. Efficacy and safety of balovaptan for socialisation and communication difficulties in autistic adults in North America and Europe: a phase 3, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Psychiatry. 2022 Mar;9(3):199-210. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(21)00429-6. Epub 2022 Feb 10.
PubMed 35151410Hung LY, Margolis KG. Autism spectrum disorders and the gastrointestinal tract: insights into mechanisms and clinical relevance. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2024 Mar;21(3):142-163. doi: 10.1038/s41575-023-00857-1. Epub 2023 Dec 19.
PubMed 38114585Liu NH, Liu HQ, Zheng JY, Zhu ML, Wu LH, Pan HF, He XX. Fresh Washed Microbiota Transplantation Alters Gut Microbiota Metabolites to Ameliorate Sleeping Disorder Symptom of Autistic Children. J Microbiol. 2023 Aug;61(8):741-753. doi: 10.1007/s12275-023-00069-x. Epub 2023 Sep 4.
PubMed 37665552Wan Y, Zuo T, Xu Z, Zhang F, Zhan H, Chan D, Leung TF, Yeoh YK, Chan FKL, Chan R, Ng SC. Underdevelopment of the gut microbiota and bacteria species as non-invasive markers of prediction in children with autism spectrum disorder. Gut. 2022 May;71(5):910-918. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-324015. Epub 2021 Jul 26.
PubMed 34312160Zhang T, Lu G, Zhao Z, Liu Y, Shen Q, Li P, Chen Y, Yin H, Wang H, Marcella C, Cui B, Cheng L, Ji G, Zhang F. Washed microbiota transplantation vs. manual fecal microbiota transplantation: clinical findings, animal studies and in vitro screening. Protein Cell. 2020 Apr;11(4):251-266. doi: 10.1007/s13238-019-00684-8. Epub 2020 Jan 9.
PubMed 31919742Nanjing consensus on methodology of washed microbiota transplantation. Chin Med J (Engl). 2020 Oct 5;133(19):2330-2332. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000954. No abstract available.
PubMed 32701590
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 18 Sep 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Washed Microbiota Transplantation (WMT) for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06030752
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- WMT-ASD-2023
- Conditions
- Autism Spectrum Disorder
- Keywords
- fecal Microbiota Transplantation, Autism spectrum disorder, Gut microbiota, Gut-brain axis
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 80 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Nanjing Medical University
- Study start
- 20 Sep 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 4 Apr 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 May 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 11 Sep 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a group of serious neurodevelopmental disorders. A significant comorbidity exists between ADHD and ASD: 30%-50% of individuals with ASD exhibit ADHD symptoms, and two-thirds with ADHD show ASD traits. Intestinal microbial disturbance is common in children with ASD. A great deal of evidence shows that intestinal microbes can influence the brain to play its role through "gut-brain-microbiota axis". We intend to explore the role of Washed Microbiota Transplantation in improving symptoms of children in ASD with or without ADHD; To study the potential etiological mechanism of WMT for the neurodevelopmental disorders.
Detailed description
Very few literatures reported the clinical use of microbiota or bacteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder. The most effective strategy for reconstruction of gut microbiota should be fecal microbiota transplantation (WMT). Washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) can significantly reduce FMT-related AEs by removing parasite eggs, fecal particles, and fungi through a series of automated washing procedures. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of FMT for ASD. Patients received repeated WMT with fecal from healthy donors. Microbiota analysis will also be performed on both the donor and recipient stool sample prior to transplantation, and on the recipient sample at 3 month post transplantation. This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) in children with ASD and explore the role of washed bacteria transplantation in improving ASD symptoms.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Washed microbiota transplantation | – | Drug: Washed Microbiota TransplantationWMT |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 3 to 17 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child
- Study population
- Children and adolescents with an established diagnosis of ASD or ADHD + ASD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition;.
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Children and adolescents with an established diagnosis of ASD or ADHD + ASD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition;.
- Age 3-17 years.
- Received stable treatments for ≥1 month preceding WMT
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Their guardian could not understand the questionnaires or provide informed consent.
- Diagnosed with a single-gene disorder, major brain malformations, gastrointestinal diseases (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, or eosinophilic esophagitis)
- Had severe comorbidities including cardiopulmonary failure, severe liver, and kidney diseases, severe infection, tumors, etc.
- Accompanied with other life-threatening disorders required emergency treatment.
- Unable to tolerate colonoscopy or anesthesia.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Washed Microbiota TransplantationAlso: Fecal Microbiota TransplantationThe prepared microbiota suspension was infused into the participates' lower gut. | Drug | Washed microbiota transplantation |
Primary outcome
Changes in the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) in ASD children
Time frame: baseline, 1 month , 3 months, 6 months post transplantation
ABC is a scale used for nonadaptive behaviors created to screen and indicate the probability of a diagnosis of autism. The questionnaire including 57 items related to five areas: sensorial, relational, use of body and objects, and social skills. Scale score> 67 strongly suggests the presence of autism.
Change in Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) in ASD children
Time frame: baseline, 1 month,3 months, 6 months post transplantation
ASD symptoms will be assessed using the Chinese version of the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC), which comprise four subscales to measure child speech/language/communication, sociability, sensory/cognitive awareness, and health/physical/behavior. The scale has 77 items that are scored by parents. The health/physical/behavior subscale is rated using a 0 (not a problem)-to-3 (serious problem) point scale, whereas the other three subscales are rated using a 0 (not true)-to-2 (very true) point scale. Higher scores represent more ASD symptoms.
6 secondary outcomes
Evaluate the difference of the gut microbe composition between children with ASD and healthy children by sequencing faecal metagenome.
Time frame: Fecal samples from ASD and healthy children were collected at baseline and 3 month, 6 months post transplantation.
The Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children
Time frame: baseline, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months post transplantation
The Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale
Time frame: baseline, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months post transplantation
Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement
Time frame: baseline, 1 months, 3 months, 6 months post transplantation
The Chinese version of Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham-IV (SNAP-IV)
Time frame: At baseline, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after WMT
Conners' Parent Rating Scale-Revised (CPRS-R)
Time frame: At baseline, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after WMT
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 18 Sep 2026.
- Background: PubMed 36625807Hirota T, King BH. Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review. JAMA. 2023 Jan 10;329(2):157-168. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.23661.
- Background: PubMed 34079068Solmi M, Radua J, Olivola M, Croce E, Soardo L, Salazar de Pablo G, Il Shin J, Kirkbride JB, Jones P, Kim JH, Kim JY, Carvalho AF, Seeman MV, Correll CU, Fusar-Poli P. Age at onset of mental disorders worldwide: large-scale meta-analysis of 192 epidemiological studies. Mol Psychiatry. 2022 Jan;27(1):281-295. doi: 10.1038/s41380-021-01161-7. Epub 2021 Jun 2.
- Background: PubMed 27388569Brugha TS, Spiers N, Bankart J, Cooper SA, McManus S, Scott FJ, Smith J, Tyrer F. Epidemiology of autism in adults across age groups and ability levels. Br J Psychiatry. 2016 Dec;209(6):498-503. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.115.174649. Epub 2016 Jul 7.
- Background: PubMed 36841830Khachadourian V, Mahjani B, Sandin S, Kolevzon A, Buxbaum JD, Reichenberg A, Janecka M. Comorbidities in autism spectrum disorder and their etiologies. Transl Psychiatry. 2023 Feb 25;13(1):71. doi: 10.1038/s41398-023-02374-w.
- Background: PubMed 38442500Liang X, Haegele JA, Tse AC, Li M, Zhang H, Zhao S, Li SX. The impact of the physical activity intervention on sleep in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev. 2024 Apr;74:101913. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2024.101913. Epub 2024 Feb 23.
- Background: PubMed 33268567Chen Y, Fang H, Li C, Wu G, Xu T, Yang X, Zhao L, Ke X, Zhang C. Gut Bacteria Shared by Children and Their Mothers Associate with Developmental Level and Social Deficits in Autism Spectrum Disorder. mSphere. 2020 Dec 2;5(6):e01044-20. doi: 10.1128/mSphere.01044-20.
- Background: PubMed 35151410Jacob S, Veenstra-VanderWeele J, Murphy D, McCracken J, Smith J, Sanders K, Meyenberg C, Wiese T, Deol-Bhullar G, Wandel C, Ashford E, Anagnostou E. Efficacy and safety of balovaptan for socialisation and communication difficulties in autistic adults in North America and Europe: a phase 3, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Psychiatry. 2022 Mar;9(3):199-210. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(21)00429-6. Epub 2022 Feb 10.
- Background: PubMed 38114585Hung LY, Margolis KG. Autism spectrum disorders and the gastrointestinal tract: insights into mechanisms and clinical relevance. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2024 Mar;21(3):142-163. doi: 10.1038/s41575-023-00857-1. Epub 2023 Dec 19.
- Background: PubMed 37665552Liu NH, Liu HQ, Zheng JY, Zhu ML, Wu LH, Pan HF, He XX. Fresh Washed Microbiota Transplantation Alters Gut Microbiota Metabolites to Ameliorate Sleeping Disorder Symptom of Autistic Children. J Microbiol. 2023 Aug;61(8):741-753. doi: 10.1007/s12275-023-00069-x. Epub 2023 Sep 4.
- Background: PubMed 34312160Wan Y, Zuo T, Xu Z, Zhang F, Zhan H, Chan D, Leung TF, Yeoh YK, Chan FKL, Chan R, Ng SC. Underdevelopment of the gut microbiota and bacteria species as non-invasive markers of prediction in children with autism spectrum disorder. Gut. 2022 May;71(5):910-918. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-324015. Epub 2021 Jul 26.
- Background: PubMed 31919742Zhang T, Lu G, Zhao Z, Liu Y, Shen Q, Li P, Chen Y, Yin H, Wang H, Marcella C, Cui B, Cheng L, Ji G, Zhang F. Washed microbiota transplantation vs. manual fecal microbiota transplantation: clinical findings, animal studies and in vitro screening. Protein Cell. 2020 Apr;11(4):251-266. doi: 10.1007/s13238-019-00684-8. Epub 2020 Jan 9.
- Background: PubMed 32701590Nanjing consensus on methodology of washed microbiota transplantation. Chin Med J (Engl). 2020 Oct 5;133(19):2330-2332. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000954. No abstract available.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Faming Zhang, PhD principal investigator
The Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Autism Spectrum Disorder, run by The Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical University at 2 sites in China.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 Sep 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in China. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Faming Zhang, PhD (086-25-58509883, fzhang@njmu.edu.cn), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Changes in the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) in ASD children (time frame: baseline, 1 month , 3 months, 6 months post transplantation). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06030752, which also lists 12 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 Sep 2026; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 31 Oct 2026.