LearningVR-MCI-RCTNCT06034184
Enhancing Mass Casualty Triage Through Virtual Reality Simulation
A study testing Virtual Reality in people with Learning and Mass Casualty Incident, run by Sophiahemmet University at 1 site in Sweden.
Trial summary
This interventional study aims to investigate whether Virtual Reality (VR) compared to traditional education and training, can enhance the correct triage abilities of nursing students in simulated mass casualty incidents (MCI). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Any ageHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Learning, Mass Casualty Incident, Triage
- What is being tested?
- Virtual Reality
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 100 participants
- Where
- 1 siteSweden
- Study dates
- 8 Nov 2023to 24 Oct 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Any age
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Nursing students registered for a course in disaster medicine/emergency care that is conducted during their fifth semester (out of 6) in the nursing program.
Who cannot join
- Does not meet inclusion criteria
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Sweden1 site
Sophiahemmet University, Lindstedtvägen 8
Stockholm, Stockholm County, 11428
About this study
Official title: To Evaluate Whether Virtual Reality Compared to Standard Education Improves Nursing Students' Ability to Triage in a Simulated Mass Casualty Incident- a RCT
This interventional study aims to investigate whether Virtual Reality (VR) compared to traditional education and training, can enhance the correct triage abilities of nursing students in simulated mass casualty incidents (MCI). The primary research question seeks to answer if VR compared to Standard education supports students' ability to triage correctly in a simulated MCI situation. Additionally, this study aims to address the following secondary questions: Does VR compared to standard education have an effect on the time to triage in a simulated MCI situation? And, does VR compared to Standard education have an effect on theoretical knowledge retention concerning triage in MCI situations? In the interventional group, participants will utilize VR for MCI training and learning, while the control group will undergo standard education, including lectures and paper exercises. The researchers will compare the two groups of nursing students to assess whether VR yields better outcomes in MCI triage education.
Read the detailed description
A randomized controlled trial (RCT) involving nursing students from a university in Stockholm, Sweden. The students are randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to either VR (intervention) or standard training in triaging during a mass casualty Incident. Both groups of participants will receive the same lecture on disaster events and triage using the same method before undergoing triage training either with VR support or traditional paper-based training. To achieve a power of 0.80 and a p-value of 0.05, a total of 60 participants are required (control n=30, intervention n=30). However, all students (approximately 100) will be invited to participate in the study to avoid excluding those who wish to take part in the study. The primary outcome measure is the students' ability to triage correctly. Secondary outcome measures include knowledge and knowledge retention, as well as the time taken to triage correctly. Knowledge tests will be conducted approximately one week after training and again 3-6 months after completing the training. The knowledge test consists of a questionnaire with 20 multiple-choice questions used in previous studies.
- Conditions
- Learning, Mass Casualty Incident, Triage, Training
- Being tested
- Virtual Reality
- Keywords
- Virtual Reality, Mass casualty incidents, Triage, Learning, Nursing Students
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Virtual RealityOther
Also called Training mass casualty incidents
The nursing students use glasses and handcontrollers (High Fidelity Simulation) in the VR scenario for training and learning mass casualty incidents.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Using Virtual Reality for training and learning mass casualty incidents | Experimental | The nursing students use glasses and handcontrollers (High Fidelity Simulation) in the VR scenario for training and learning mass casualty incidents. Receives: Other: Virtual Reality |
| Standard education and training | No intervention | Standard education, including lectures and paper exercises |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Number of participants performing correct triage
Measuring if VR compared to Standard education has an effect on the frequency of correctly triage
Measured: From enrollment, theoretical education and performing training on mass casualty incidents with or without Virtual Reality
Secondary outcomes (1)
Time range on performing correct triage on 10 injured
Measuring if VR compared to Standard education has an effect on the time to triage correctly (10 patients) in a simulated MCI situation
Measured: From enrollment, theoretical education and performing training on mass casualty incidents with or without Virtual Reality
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted13 Sep 2023
- Study start8 Nov 2023
- Primary completion24 Oct 2024
- Study completion24 Oct 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for LearningStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 100 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Sophiahemmet University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Falck Ambulance A/S, CrashCourse AB, Laerdal Medical Foundation, Ambulance Service in Stockholm, Sweden (AISAB)
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Veronica Lindström, Sophiahemmet University
- Investigators
- Veronica Lindström, PhD, Principal investigator, Sophiahemmet University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06034184
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- EPM:2023-02154-02
- Acronym
- VR-MCI-RCT
- Status last verified
- Dec 2023
- First submitted
- 5 Sep 2023
- Last updated
- 19 May 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: The data analyzed and presented will be available from the PI and/or corresponding author (when published) on reasonable request
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 19 May 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- To Evaluate Whether Virtual Reality Compared to Standard Education Improves Nursing Students' Ability to Triage in a Simulated Mass Casualty Incident- a RCT
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06034184
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- VR-MCI-RCT / EPM:2023-02154-02
- Conditions
- Learning, Mass Casualty Incident, Triage, Training
- Keywords
- Virtual Reality, Mass casualty incidents, Triage, Learning, Nursing Students
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 100 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Sophiahemmet UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Falck Ambulance A/S, CrashCourse AB, Laerdal Medical Foundation, Ambulance Service in Stockholm, Sweden (AISAB)
- Study start
- 8 Nov 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 24 Oct 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 24 Oct 2024 (actual)
- First posted
- 13 Sep 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This interventional study aims to investigate whether Virtual Reality (VR) compared to traditional education and training, can enhance the correct triage abilities of nursing students in simulated mass casualty incidents (MCI). The primary research question seeks to answer if VR compared to Standard education supports students' ability to triage correctly in a simulated MCI situation. Additionally, this study aims to address the following secondary questions: Does VR compared to standard education have an effect on the time to triage in a simulated MCI situation? And, does VR compared to Standard education have an effect on theoretical knowledge retention concerning triage in MCI situations? In the interventional group, participants will utilize VR for MCI training and learning, while the control group will undergo standard education, including lectures and paper exercises. The researchers will compare the two groups of nursing students to assess whether VR yields better outcomes in MCI triage education.
Detailed description
A randomized controlled trial (RCT) involving nursing students from a university in Stockholm, Sweden. The students are randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to either VR (intervention) or standard training in triaging during a mass casualty Incident. Both groups of participants will receive the same lecture on disaster events and triage using the same method before undergoing triage training either with VR support or traditional paper-based training. To achieve a power of 0.80 and a p-value of 0.05, a total of 60 participants are required (control n=30, intervention n=30). However, all students (approximately 100) will be invited to participate in the study to avoid excluding those who wish to take part in the study. The primary outcome measure is the students' ability to triage correctly. Secondary outcome measures include knowledge and knowledge retention, as well as the time taken to triage correctly. Knowledge tests will be conducted approximately one week after training and again 3-6 months after completing the training. The knowledge test consists of a questionnaire with 20 multiple-choice questions used in previous studies.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Using Virtual Reality for training and learning mass casualty incidents | Experimental | Other: Virtual RealityThe nursing students use glasses and handcontrollers (High Fidelity Simulation) in the VR scenario for training and learning mass casualty incidents. |
| Standard education and training | No intervention | –Standard education, including lectures and paper exercises |
Who may qualify
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Nursing students registered for a course in disaster medicine/emergency care that is conducted during their fifth semester (out of 6) in the nursing program.
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Does not meet inclusion criteria
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Virtual RealityAlso: Training mass casualty incidentsThe nursing students use glasses and handcontrollers (High Fidelity Simulation) in the VR scenario for training and learning mass casualty incidents. | Other | Using Virtual Reality for training and learning mass casualty incidents |
Primary outcome
Number of participants performing correct triage
Time frame: From enrollment, theoretical education and performing training on mass casualty incidents with or without Virtual Reality
Measuring if VR compared to Standard education has an effect on the frequency of correctly triage
1 secondary outcome
Time range on performing correct triage on 10 injured
Time frame: From enrollment, theoretical education and performing training on mass casualty incidents with or without Virtual Reality
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 19 May 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. The data analyzed and presented will be available from the PI and/or corresponding author (when published) on reasonable request
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Veronica Lindström, PhD principal investigator
Sophiahemmet University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Virtual Reality in people with Learning and Mass Casualty Incident, run by Sophiahemmet University at 1 site in Sweden.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 19 May 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Sweden. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Number of participants performing correct triage (time frame: From enrollment, theoretical education and performing training on mass casualty incidents with or without Virtual Reality). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 19 May 2026; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 29 Oct 2026.