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High Intensity Interval TrainingETRecNCT06043492

Recovery Following Acute Endurance Training

A study testing High Intensity Interval Training and Coninuous Running in people with High Intensity Interval Training and Continuous Running, run by University of Thessaly at 1 site in Greece.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

Aerobic capacity is critical for many athletes, especially for endurance athletes. Althgough several training methods are implemented by coaches to improve endurance performance, recovery following acute endurance training is not adequately studied. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 to 40 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
What is being tested?
High Intensity Interval Training and Coninuous Running
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
10 participants
Where
1 siteGreece
Study dates
30 Sep 2023to 15 Dec 2023
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 to 40 years
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Adult

Who may be able to join

  • Middle- and long-distance runners
  • Absence of musculoskeletal injuries (≥ 6 months)
  • No use of drugs or ergogenic supplements (≥ 1 month)
  • Absense from eccentric exercise (≥ 3 days)
  • No alcohol or ergogenic drinks consumption before each training protocol

Who cannot join

  • Musculoskeletal injury (< 6 months)
  • Use of drugs or ergogenic supplements (< 1 month)
  • Participation in eccentric exercise (< 3 days)
  • Alcohol or ergogenic drinks consumption before the training protocol

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

Greece1 site
  • Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Uninersity of Thessaly

    Trikala, Thessaly, 42100

Other trials in Greece

About this study

Official title: Recovery Following Different Endurance Training Protocols in Middle- and Long-Distance Runners

Aerobic capacity is critical for many athletes, especially for endurance athletes. Althgough several training methods are implemented by coaches to improve endurance performance, recovery following acute endurance training is not adequately studied. However, such information is crucial for coaches to effectively design the most favorable training program, to avoid muscle injuries and overtraining, and ultimately to improve performance of their athletes. This study aims to examine the acute effect of different continuous and HIIT training protocols on indices of metabolism, EIMD, neuromuscular fatigue and performance in middle- and long-distance runners.

Read the detailed description

Aerobic capacity is critical for many athletes, especially for endurance athletes. Endurance training leads to cardiopulmonary and musculoskeletal adaptations, which in turn lead to improvement of endurance performance. Several training methods have been established for the improvement of aerobic capacity and performance, including long distance and low speed training, and high intensity interval training (HIIT). Training methods are used depending on the kind of endurance that aim to improve, and the specific characteristics and energy demands of the event. Especially regarding middle- and long-distance runners, the energy comes mainly from the oxidative system, however, the contribution of the glycolytic pathway is equally important. Thus, improvement mainly of the low-intensity endurance, but also high-intensity endurance is important for these athletes. Additionally, both continuous endurance and HIIT are effective training methods for improving cardiorespiratory and metabolic function, and athletic performance, while evidence also exists in favor of HIIT being more effective. Thus both training methods are used by coaches to improve aerobic capacity and performance of their athletes.

Coaches should be careful regarding the frequency of HIIT training during a microcycle, to provide adequate recovery between training sessions to avoid muscle injuries and overtraining. Existing evidence suggests that endurance exercise (continuous or HIIT) may result in exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD), inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and performance deterioration, yet, the timeframe of recovery of physiological and biochemical indices following different endurance training protocols has not been adequately studied. However, such information is crucial for coaches to effectively design the most favorable training program for their athletes.

This study aims to examine the acute effect of different continuous and HIIT training protocols on indices of metabolism, EIMD, neuromuscular fatigue and performance in middle- and long-distance runners.

According to a preliminary power analysis (a probability error of 0.05, and a statistical power of 80%), a sample size of 8 subjects per group was considered appropriate in order to detect statistically meaningful changes between groups. Thus, 10 men and female middle- and long-distance runners, will participate in the study.

The study will be performed in a randomized, cross over, repeated measures design. During their first 1st and 2nd visit, all participants will sign an informed consent form after they will be informed about all the benefits and risks of the study and they will fill in and sign a medical history questionnaire. Fasting blood samples will be collected in order to estimate muscle damage concentration markers. Participants will be instructed by a dietitian how to record a 7-days diet recalls to ensure that they do not consume to greater extent nutrients that may affect EIMD and fatigue (e.g. antioxidants, amino acids, etc.) and to ensure that the energy intake during the trials will be the same. Assessment of body mass and body height, body composition, and aerobic capacity (VO2max), will be performed. Using a photocells system, countermovement jump will be performed to assess jump height, and 30 sec Bosco test to assess mean jump height, peak power, mean power, and fatigue index. The peak concentric, eccentric and isometric isokinetic torque of the knee flexors and extensors, in both limbs will be evaluated on an isokinetic dynamometer at 60°/sec. Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of the knee extensors at 65o in both limbs, as well as the fatigue rate during MVIC through the percent drop of peak torque between the first and the last three seconds of a 10-sec MVIC, will also be evaluated. Afterwards, participants will be randomly assigned into, and perform one of the three different conditions of the study design: a) Continuous running (CT) for 40 min at lactic threshold, b) High intensity interval training (HIIT): 10x2min running at vVO2max with active recovery at 40% της VO2max (interval:recovery 1:1) with a load of 10% of body weight (BW), and c) control condition, no training (measurements only). The training protocols will be matched for mean power and total duration (Tschakert and Hofmann 2013). Prior and immediately after each experimental trial, delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS) in the knee flexors (KF) and extensors (KE) of both limbs, as well as blood lactate will be assessed. Additionally, DOMS of KF and KE, peak concentric, eccentric and isometric isokinetic torque, CMJ height, as well as mean jump height, peak power, mean power, and fatigue index during a 30 sec Bosco test, will be assessed 24h, 48h and 72h after the end of the trial. MVIC of the knee extensors of both limbs, as well as the fatigue rate during MVIC will also be assessed at 1h, 2h and 3h, as well as 24h, 48h, and 72h after the end of the trial. Creatine kinase will be assessed at 24h, 48h, and 72h after the end of the trial. The exact above procedures will be repeated by the participants during the remaining two experimental trials. A 2-weeks wash-out period will be implemented between trials.

Being tested
High Intensity Interval Training, Coninuous Running, Control Trial

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • High Intensity Interval TrainingOther

    10 x 2 min running at vVO2max, interspersed by 2 min recovery at 40% VO2max

  • Coninuous RunningOther

    40 min continuous running at lactate threshold

  • Control TrialOther

    The participants will perform only the baseline and post acute-training evaluations, without performing exercise

Study groups in NCT06043492
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
High Intensity Interval TrainingExperimentalThe participants will perform an acute bout of high intensity interval training
Receives: Other: High Intensity Interval Training
Coninuous RunningExperimentalThe participants will perform an acute bout of continuous running
Receives: Other: Coninuous Running
Control TrialOtherThe participants will not perform any endurance exercise protocol
Receives: Other: Control Trial

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Changes in Creatine kinase (CK)

    CK will be measured in plasma using a Clinical Chemistry Analyzer with commercially available kits.

    Measured: Baseline (pre), 24 hours post-, 48 hours post-, 72 hours post-trial

  2. Changes in DOMS

    DOMS of knee extensors and knee flexors of both lower extremities will be measured during palpation of the muscle belly and the distal region after performing three repetitions of a full squat.

    Measured: Baseline (pre), post-, 24 hours post-, 48 hours post-, 72 hours post-trial

  3. Changes in blood lactate

    Lactate will be measured in capillary blood with a hand-portable analyzer.

    Measured: Baseline (pre), 4 minutes post-trial

  4. Changes in squat jump height

    Squat jump height will be measured with a photocells system.

    Measured: Baseline (pre), 24 hours post-, 48 hours post-, 72 hours post-trial

  5. Changes in mean jump height during a 30 sec Bosco test

    Mean jump height will be measured with a photocells system.

    Measured: Baseline (pre), 24 hours post-, 48 hours post-, 72 hours post-trial

  6. Changes in peak power during a 30 sec Bosco test

    Peak power will be measured with a photocells system.

    Measured: Baseline (pre), 24 hours post-, 48 hours post-, 72 hours post-trial

  7. Changes in mean power during a 30 sec Bosco test

    Mean power will be measured with a photocells system.

    Measured: Baseline (pre), 24 hours post-, 48 hours post-, 72 hours post-trial

  8. Changes in fatigue rate during a 30 sec Bosco test

    Fatigue rate will be estimated through the persent drop in mean jump height between the first 5 jumps and the last 5 jumps.

    Measured: Baseline (pre), 24 hours post-, 48 hours post-, 72 hours post-trial

  9. Changes in maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC)

    MVIC of the knee extensors and knee flexors will be measured on an isokinetic dynamometer.

    Measured: Baseline (pre), 1 hour post-, 2 hours post-, 3 hours post-, 24 hours post-, 48 hours post-, 72 hours post-trial

  10. Changes in peak concentric torque

    Concentric torque of the knee extensors and knee flexors will be measured on an isokinetic dynamometer.

    Measured: Baseline (pre), 24 hours post-, 48 hours post-, 72 hours post-trial

  11. Changes in peak eccentric torque

    Eccentric torque of the knee extensors and knee flexors will be measured on an isokinetic dynamometer.

    Measured: Baseline (pre), 24 hours post-, 48 hours post-, 72 hours post-trial

Secondary outcomes (7)
  1. Body weight

    Body weight will be measured on a beam balance with stadiometer.

    Measured: Baseline

  2. Body height

    Body height will be measured on a beam balance with stadiometer.

    Measured: Baseline

  3. Body mass index (BMI)

    BMI will be calculated from the ratio of body mass/ body height squared.

    Measured: Baseline

  4. Body fat

    Body fat will be measured by using Dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry.

    Measured: Baseline

  5. Lean body mass

    Lean body mass will be measured by using Dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry.

    Measured: Baseline

  6. Dietary intake

    Dietary intake will be assessed using 7-day diet recalls.

    Measured: Baseline

  7. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max)

    VO2max will be measured by open circuit spirometry via breath by breath method during a graded treadmill running protocol.

    Measured: Baseline

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted21 Sep 2023
  2. Study start30 Sep 2023
  3. Primary completion15 Dec 2023
  4. Study completion15 Dec 2023

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Screening
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Crossover
Model description
The same participants will participate in three different conditions
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
10 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT06043492
Sponsor's protocol ID
Endurance Training - Recovery
Acronym
ETRec
Status last verified
Jan 2024
First submitted
17 Sep 2023
Last updated
23 Jan 2024
Results posted
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No

Publications

  • Barnes KR, Kilding AE. Strategies to improve running economy. Sports Med. 2015 Jan;45(1):37-56. doi: 10.1007/s40279-014-0246-y.

    PubMed 25164465
  • Brandao LHA, Chagas TPN, Vasconcelos ABS, de Oliveira VC, Fortes LS, de Almeida MB, Mendes Netto RS, Del-Vecchio FB, Neto EP, Chaves LMS, Jimenez-Pavon D, Da Silva-Grigoletto ME. Physiological and Performance Impacts After Field Supramaximal High-Intensity Interval Training With Different Work-Recovery Duration. Front Physiol. 2020 Oct 8;11:1075. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.01075. eCollection 2020.

    PubMed 33162893
  • Cipryan L. IL-6, Antioxidant Capacity and Muscle Damage Markers Following High-Intensity Interval Training Protocols. J Hum Kinet. 2017 Mar 15;56:139-148. doi: 10.1515/hukin-2017-0031. eCollection 2017 Feb.

    PubMed 28469752
  • Esfarjani F, Laursen PB. Manipulating high-intensity interval training: effects on VO2max, the lactate threshold and 3000 m running performance in moderately trained males. J Sci Med Sport. 2007 Feb;10(1):27-35. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2006.05.014. Epub 2006 Jul 28.

    PubMed 16876479
  • Hottenrott K, Ludyga S, Schulze S. Effects of high intensity training and continuous endurance training on aerobic capacity and body composition in recreationally active runners. J Sports Sci Med. 2012 Sep 1;11(3):483-8. eCollection 2012.

    PubMed 24149357
  • Martinez-Ferran M, Cuadrado-Penafiel V, Sanchez-Andreo JM, Villar-Lucas M, Castellanos-Montealegre M, Rubio-Martin A, Romero-Morales C, Casla-Barrio S, Pareja-Galeano H. Effects of Acute Vitamin C plus Vitamin E Supplementation on Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage in Runners: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2022 Nov 3;14(21):4635. doi: 10.3390/nu14214635.

    PubMed 36364898

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing High Intensity Interval Training and Coninuous Running in people with High Intensity Interval Training and Continuous Running, run by University of Thessaly at 1 site in Greece.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 23 Jan 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Greece. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Changes in Creatine kinase (CK) (time frame: Baseline (pre), 24 hours post-, 48 hours post-, 72 hours post-trial). The study lists 11 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06043492, which also lists 6 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 23 Jan 2024.

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