Mental FatigueNCT06088524
The Effects of Mental Fatigue Created by Social Media on Upper Extremity Performance
An observational study of Mental Fatigue and Upper Extremity Performance, run by Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
There are a limited number of studies in the literature, and it is stated that mental fatigue caused by social media use causes a decrease in upper-extremity movement speed and a decrease in lower-extremity endurance performance. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 30 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Mental Fatigue, Upper Extremity Performance, Social Media
- What is being tested?
- Social Media Fatigue
- How many people
- 29 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 5 Jan 2023to 1 Oct 2023
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 30 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Study population: It will be conducted on Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University Faculty of Health Sciences students.
Who may be able to join
- Volunteering to participate in the study
- Being sedentary
- To be between the ages of 18-30
Who cannot join
- Any mental or sensory problems in the last six months
- Acute infection or chronic disease of neurological, psychiatric, orthopedic, cardiological, rheumatological, etc. origin
- Having had any upper extremity injury and/or operation (trauma, surgery, fracture, etc.) in the last six months
- Regular medication use
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University
Balıkesir, 10200
About this study
Official title: Determining the Effects of Mental Fatigue Created by Social Media on Upper Extremity Performance
There are a limited number of studies in the literature, and it is stated that mental fatigue caused by social media use causes a decrease in upper-extremity movement speed and a decrease in lower-extremity endurance performance. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effects of social media-induced mental fatigue on upper extremity performance.
Read the detailed description
Mental fatigue is a psychobiological condition that requires prolonged cognitive activity and is characterized by subjective feelings of "tiredness" and "lack of energy." It reduces sport-related decision-making, technical skills, motor control and endurance performances. This has led to a condition known as social media fatigue among many users, where they feel exhausted from repeated exposure to an enormous amount of information from brands. Social media fatigue is "the tendency of social media users to withdraw from social media when they are overwhelmed by too many social media sites, too many friends and followers, and too much time spent online to maintain these connections".Researchers have drawn attention to the negative effects of internet-induced fatigue, which is increasing daily, and emphasized that excessive internet use can lead to physical and psychological problems. Although there are a limited number of studies in the literature, there is a limited number of studies investigating the effects of mental fatigue caused by social media use on upper extremity performance.Therefore, this study aims to determine the effects of mental fatigue caused by social media on upper extremity performance.
- Conditions
- Mental Fatigue, Upper Extremity Performance, Social Media
- Being tested
- Social Media Fatigue
- Medical subject headings
- Mental Fatigue
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Social Media FatigueOther
Mental Fatigue creation protocol: It has been reported that at least 30 minutes of social media use causes mental fatigue and impairs lower extremity and decision-making performance (Fortes et al., 2021). For mental fatigue with social media, participants will be created with 45 minutes of continuous use of social media (instagram, facebook, twitter, youtube) on smartphones by concentrating with headphones.
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
1-Isometric Elbow Flexion Strength
The participant will sit in a chair with upper arms at their sides, elbow bent 90 degrees, and forearm supinated. A velcro strap attached to a digital dynamometer fixed to a portable wooden platform placed under the chair will be secured tightly around the participant's wrist, proximal to the distal wrist crease. The tester will check the strap's tension to ensure no slack. When instructed, the participant will endeavor to move their hand as forcefully as possible towards the shoulder for 2-3 seconds. Any compensatory movement in trunk extension or lateral flexion outside the tested arm will be observed.
Measured: Baseline
1-Isometric Elbow Flexion Strength
The participant will sit in a chair with upper arms at their sides, elbow bent 90 degrees, and forearm supinated. A velcro strap attached to a digital dynamometer fixed to a portable wooden platform placed under the chair will be secured tightly around the participant's wrist, proximal to the distal wrist crease. The tester will check the strap's tension to ensure no slack. When instructed, the participant will endeavor to move their hand as forcefully as possible towards the shoulder for 2-3 seconds. Any compensatory movement in trunk extension or lateral flexion outside the tested arm will be observed.
Measured: 1 week later
2-Hand grip strength
Hand grip strength will be assessed using a Jamar hand dynamometer (Lafayette Instrument Company, USA). The participant will sit holding the dynamometer with the upper arm at the side, elbow bent 90 degrees, and forearm centered between pronation and supination. When instructed, the participant will squeeze the dynamometer as forcefully as possible for 2-3 seconds while the tester verbally encourages.
Measured: Baseline
2-Hand grip strength
Hand grip strength will be assessed using a Jamar hand dynamometer (Lafayette Instrument Company, USA). The participant will sit holding the dynamometer with the upper arm at the side, elbow bent 90 degrees, and forearm centered between pronation and supination. When instructed, the participant will squeeze the dynamometer as forcefully as possible for 2-3 seconds while the tester verbally encourages.
Measured: 1 week later
3- Upper extremity reaction test
It is planned to use the BlazePod sensor, validated for the upper extremity reaction time test (de-Oliveira et al. 2021).
Measured: Baseline
3- Upper extremity reaction test
It is planned to use the BlazePod sensor, validated for the upper extremity reaction time test (de-Oliveira et al. 2021).
Measured: 1 week later
4-Finger reaction test
The participant will be asked to place the dominant hand's index finger on the left button of a computer mouse and press the left button as soon as the green lights up on the traffic light shape on the screen. The time between the light stimulus and the participant's reaction will be recorded in milliseconds.
Measured: Baseline
4-Finger reaction test
The participant will be asked to place the dominant hand's index finger on the left button of a computer mouse and press the left button as soon as the green lights up on the traffic light shape on the screen. The time between the light stimulus and the participant's reaction will be recorded in milliseconds.
Measured: 1 week later
5-Hand performance test
The nine-hole peg test will be used. The 9-hole peg test (9-DPT) is a validated method widely used in research and clinical settings as a measure of finger dexterity (Y. A. Smith, Hong, \& Presson, 2000).
Measured: Baseline
5-Hand performance test
The nine-hole peg test will be used. The 9-hole peg test (9-DPT) is a validated method widely used in research and clinical settings as a measure of finger dexterity (Y. A. Smith, Hong, \& Presson, 2000).
Measured: 1 week later
6-Mental stopwatch
The Nine Hole Peg Test (9-DPT) was used to assess the temporal correspondence between actual and imagined movement. The 9-DPT will be administered according to standard protocols. The participant performed the test according to the standard 9-DPT protocol, during which the stopwatch will be started, and the time from the beginning to the end of the test will be recorded. In the imagined 9-DPT, a mental stopwatch will be used, and the same test will be performed with the individual visualizing the same activity while sitting with his/her eyes closed (Allali, 2012).
Measured: Baseline
6-Mental stopwatch
The Nine Hole Peg Test (9-DPT) was used to assess the temporal correspondence between actual and imagined movement. The 9-DPT will be administered according to standard protocols. The participant performed the test according to the standard 9-DPT protocol, during which the stopwatch will be started, and the time from the beginning to the end of the test will be recorded. In the imagined 9-DPT, a mental stopwatch will be used, and the same test will be performed with the individual visualizing the same activity while sitting with his/her eyes closed (Allali, 2012).
Measured: 1 week later
7-Evaluation of position sense
In the study, a Baseline® digital goniometer with a sensitivity of 1° will be used to assess the glenohumeral joint position sense. The tested person will be asked to perform shoulder flexion at 55°, 90° and 125° and to lift the arm from the position adjacent to the body to the angles mentioned (Balke et al., 2011).
Measured: Baseline
7-Evaluation of position sense
In the study, a Baseline® digital goniometer with a sensitivity of 1° will be used to assess the glenohumeral joint position sense. The tested person will be asked to perform shoulder flexion at 55°, 90° and 125° and to lift the arm from the position adjacent to the body to the angles mentioned (Balke et al., 2011).
Measured: 1 week later
8-Upper extremity endurance test:
After weighing the body weight, the weight in the hand will be calculated as 2% of the body weight and rounded to the nearest 0.5 kg if it is fractional. The participant will hang from the bed with his/her arm out. He/she should then take the weight in his/her hand and lift it with the "thumb pointing upwards" and the arm at 90° to the horizontal. A metronome set to 60 Hz will then be used to standardize the test, whereby participants will be instructed to raise their arm on the first beat, hold it at 90 abductions for the next beat and then lower it to the starting position on the third beat. The test will be terminated by fulfilling any of the following termination criteria (Moore, Uhl, \& Kibler, 2013).
Measured: Baseline
8-Upper extremity endurance test:
After weighing the body weight, the weight in the hand will be calculated as 2% of the body weight and rounded to the nearest 0.5 kg if it is fractional. The participant will hang from the bed with his/her arm out. He/she should then take the weight in his/her hand and lift it with the "thumb pointing upwards" and the arm at 90° to the horizontal. A metronome set to 60 Hz will then be used to standardize the test, whereby participants will be instructed to raise their arm on the first beat, hold it at 90 abductions for the next beat and then lower it to the starting position on the third beat. The test will be terminated by fulfilling any of the following termination criteria (Moore, Uhl, \& Kibler, 2013).
Measured: 1 week later
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted18 Oct 2023
- Study start5 Jan 2023
- Primary completion12 Sep 2023
- Study completion1 Oct 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Mental FatigueStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Other
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Enrolment
- 29 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Burçin Akçay, Arzu Genç, Canan Demir
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Ozan Bahadır Turkmen, Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06088524
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2022-187
- Status last verified
- Oct 2023
- First submitted
- 12 Sep 2023
- Last updated
- 18 Oct 2023
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 18 Oct 2023. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Determining the Effects of Mental Fatigue Created by Social Media on Upper Extremity Performance
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06088524
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2022-187
- Conditions
- Mental Fatigue, Upper Extremity Performance, Social Media
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 29 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Bandırma Onyedi Eylül UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Burçin Akçay, Arzu Genç, Canan Demir
- Study start
- 5 Jan 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 12 Sep 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Oct 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 18 Oct 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
There are a limited number of studies in the literature, and it is stated that mental fatigue caused by social media use causes a decrease in upper-extremity movement speed and a decrease in lower-extremity endurance performance. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effects of social media-induced mental fatigue on upper extremity performance.
Detailed description
Mental fatigue is a psychobiological condition that requires prolonged cognitive activity and is characterized by subjective feelings of "tiredness" and "lack of energy." It reduces sport-related decision-making, technical skills, motor control and endurance performances. This has led to a condition known as social media fatigue among many users, where they feel exhausted from repeated exposure to an enormous amount of information from brands. Social media fatigue is "the tendency of social media users to withdraw from social media when they are overwhelmed by too many social media sites, too many friends and followers, and too much time spent online to maintain these connections".Researchers have drawn attention to the negative effects of internet-induced fatigue, which is increasing daily, and emphasized that excessive internet use can lead to physical and psychological problems. Although there are a limited number of studies in the literature, there is a limited number of studies investigating the effects of mental fatigue caused by social media use on upper extremity performance.Therefore, this study aims to determine the effects of mental fatigue caused by social media on upper extremity performance.
Study design
- Observational model
- Other
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 30 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
- Study population
- It will be conducted on Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University Faculty of Health Sciences students.
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Volunteering to participate in the study
- Being sedentary
- To be between the ages of 18-30
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Any mental or sensory problems in the last six months
- Acute infection or chronic disease of neurological, psychiatric, orthopedic, cardiological, rheumatological, etc. origin
- Having had any upper extremity injury and/or operation (trauma, surgery, fracture, etc.) in the last six months
- Regular medication use
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Social Media FatigueMental Fatigue creation protocol: It has been reported that at least 30 minutes of social media use causes mental fatigue and impairs lower extremity and decision-making performance (Fortes et al., 2021). For mental fatigue with social media, participants will be created with 45 minutes of continuous use of social media (instagram, facebook, twitter, youtube) on smartphones by concentrating with headphones. | Other | – |
Primary outcome
1-Isometric Elbow Flexion Strength
Time frame: Baseline
The participant will sit in a chair with upper arms at their sides, elbow bent 90 degrees, and forearm supinated. A velcro strap attached to a digital dynamometer fixed to a portable wooden platform placed under the chair will be secured tightly around the participant's wrist, proximal to the distal wrist crease. The tester will check the strap's tension to ensure no slack. When instructed, the participant will endeavor to move their hand as forcefully as possible towards the shoulder for 2-3 seconds. Any compensatory movement in trunk extension or lateral flexion outside the tested arm will be observed.
1-Isometric Elbow Flexion Strength
Time frame: 1 week later
The participant will sit in a chair with upper arms at their sides, elbow bent 90 degrees, and forearm supinated. A velcro strap attached to a digital dynamometer fixed to a portable wooden platform placed under the chair will be secured tightly around the participant's wrist, proximal to the distal wrist crease. The tester will check the strap's tension to ensure no slack. When instructed, the participant will endeavor to move their hand as forcefully as possible towards the shoulder for 2-3 seconds. Any compensatory movement in trunk extension or lateral flexion outside the tested arm will be observed.
2-Hand grip strength
Time frame: Baseline
Hand grip strength will be assessed using a Jamar hand dynamometer (Lafayette Instrument Company, USA). The participant will sit holding the dynamometer with the upper arm at the side, elbow bent 90 degrees, and forearm centered between pronation and supination. When instructed, the participant will squeeze the dynamometer as forcefully as possible for 2-3 seconds while the tester verbally encourages.
2-Hand grip strength
Time frame: 1 week later
Hand grip strength will be assessed using a Jamar hand dynamometer (Lafayette Instrument Company, USA). The participant will sit holding the dynamometer with the upper arm at the side, elbow bent 90 degrees, and forearm centered between pronation and supination. When instructed, the participant will squeeze the dynamometer as forcefully as possible for 2-3 seconds while the tester verbally encourages.
3- Upper extremity reaction test
Time frame: Baseline
It is planned to use the BlazePod sensor, validated for the upper extremity reaction time test (de-Oliveira et al. 2021).
3- Upper extremity reaction test
Time frame: 1 week later
It is planned to use the BlazePod sensor, validated for the upper extremity reaction time test (de-Oliveira et al. 2021).
4-Finger reaction test
Time frame: Baseline
The participant will be asked to place the dominant hand's index finger on the left button of a computer mouse and press the left button as soon as the green lights up on the traffic light shape on the screen. The time between the light stimulus and the participant's reaction will be recorded in milliseconds.
4-Finger reaction test
Time frame: 1 week later
The participant will be asked to place the dominant hand's index finger on the left button of a computer mouse and press the left button as soon as the green lights up on the traffic light shape on the screen. The time between the light stimulus and the participant's reaction will be recorded in milliseconds.
5-Hand performance test
Time frame: Baseline
The nine-hole peg test will be used. The 9-hole peg test (9-DPT) is a validated method widely used in research and clinical settings as a measure of finger dexterity (Y. A. Smith, Hong, \& Presson, 2000).
5-Hand performance test
Time frame: 1 week later
The nine-hole peg test will be used. The 9-hole peg test (9-DPT) is a validated method widely used in research and clinical settings as a measure of finger dexterity (Y. A. Smith, Hong, \& Presson, 2000).
6-Mental stopwatch
Time frame: Baseline
The Nine Hole Peg Test (9-DPT) was used to assess the temporal correspondence between actual and imagined movement. The 9-DPT will be administered according to standard protocols. The participant performed the test according to the standard 9-DPT protocol, during which the stopwatch will be started, and the time from the beginning to the end of the test will be recorded. In the imagined 9-DPT, a mental stopwatch will be used, and the same test will be performed with the individual visualizing the same activity while sitting with his/her eyes closed (Allali, 2012).
6-Mental stopwatch
Time frame: 1 week later
The Nine Hole Peg Test (9-DPT) was used to assess the temporal correspondence between actual and imagined movement. The 9-DPT will be administered according to standard protocols. The participant performed the test according to the standard 9-DPT protocol, during which the stopwatch will be started, and the time from the beginning to the end of the test will be recorded. In the imagined 9-DPT, a mental stopwatch will be used, and the same test will be performed with the individual visualizing the same activity while sitting with his/her eyes closed (Allali, 2012).
7-Evaluation of position sense
Time frame: Baseline
In the study, a Baseline® digital goniometer with a sensitivity of 1° will be used to assess the glenohumeral joint position sense. The tested person will be asked to perform shoulder flexion at 55°, 90° and 125° and to lift the arm from the position adjacent to the body to the angles mentioned (Balke et al., 2011).
7-Evaluation of position sense
Time frame: 1 week later
In the study, a Baseline® digital goniometer with a sensitivity of 1° will be used to assess the glenohumeral joint position sense. The tested person will be asked to perform shoulder flexion at 55°, 90° and 125° and to lift the arm from the position adjacent to the body to the angles mentioned (Balke et al., 2011).
8-Upper extremity endurance test:
Time frame: Baseline
After weighing the body weight, the weight in the hand will be calculated as 2% of the body weight and rounded to the nearest 0.5 kg if it is fractional. The participant will hang from the bed with his/her arm out. He/she should then take the weight in his/her hand and lift it with the "thumb pointing upwards" and the arm at 90° to the horizontal. A metronome set to 60 Hz will then be used to standardize the test, whereby participants will be instructed to raise their arm on the first beat, hold it at 90 abductions for the next beat and then lower it to the starting position on the third beat. The test will be terminated by fulfilling any of the following termination criteria (Moore, Uhl, \& Kibler, 2013).
8-Upper extremity endurance test:
Time frame: 1 week later
After weighing the body weight, the weight in the hand will be calculated as 2% of the body weight and rounded to the nearest 0.5 kg if it is fractional. The participant will hang from the bed with his/her arm out. He/she should then take the weight in his/her hand and lift it with the "thumb pointing upwards" and the arm at 90° to the horizontal. A metronome set to 60 Hz will then be used to standardize the test, whereby participants will be instructed to raise their arm on the first beat, hold it at 90 abductions for the next beat and then lower it to the starting position on the third beat. The test will be terminated by fulfilling any of the following termination criteria (Moore, Uhl, \& Kibler, 2013).
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 18 Oct 2023.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Mental Fatigue and Upper Extremity Performance, run by Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 Oct 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
1-Isometric Elbow Flexion Strength (time frame: Baseline). The study lists 16 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 Oct 2023.