HealthyNCT06096233
Effect of Exercise on Appetite in Response to Meals
A study testing Bouts of Exercise in people with Healthy, run by University of Glasgow at 1 site in United Kingdom.
Trial summary
This clinical trial's primary aim is to investigate the acute effect of two exercise bouts (short [10 minutes] and long [30 minutes]) on appetite and appetite-regulatory hormone responses to a standard meal test. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Healthy
- What is being tested?
- Bouts of Exercise
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 14 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited Kingdom
- Study dates
- 6 Nov 2023to 5 Oct 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Males aged 18 years or older.
- Have stable body mass for at least six months (within ±2 kg).
Who cannot join
- Females
- People who are younger than 18 or older than 65 years old.
- Have food allergies.
- Have significant contraindications to exercise (e.g., an injury that would inhibit running).
- Smoking.
- Suffering from metabolic health issues, e.g., history of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or eating disorders.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
United Kingdom1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
New Lister Building at Glasgow Royal Infirmary
Glasgow, G31 2ER
Sultan Alenezi, MSc, +44 778 653 0734, a.sultan-kheneisr-w.1@research.gla.ac.uk
James Dorling, PhD, +44 141 201 6696, James.Dorling@glasgow.ac.uk
About this study
Official title: Acute Effect of Exercise on Post-meal Appetite, Appetite-Regulatory Hormones, and Energy Intake in Healthy Men
This clinical trial's primary aim is to investigate the acute effect of two exercise bouts (short [10 minutes] and long [30 minutes]) on appetite and appetite-regulatory hormone responses to a standard meal test. The secondary aim is to investigate when the changes in appetite and appetite-regulatory hormones occur during exercise. As an exploratory aim, the researchers will test if the two exercise bouts influence ad libitum energy intake in the periods after the standard meal test. The researchers will compare three groups (control, short exercise, and prolonged exercise) to see if the exercise bouts affect appetite, appetite-regulatory hormones, and energy intake in healthy men.
Read the detailed description
Study Design
Screening visit Before conducting the main experiments, the participants will attend a screening visit where consent will be obtained, and they will complete questionnaires to assess health, food preferences, and physical activity. The researchers will then measure the participants' height, weight, waist circumference, and body composition.
After the researchers confirm the eligibility criteria, participants will take part in two treadmill tests to establish maximum oxygen uptake test (V̇O2 max) (Broom et al. 2017).
Experimental design After the screening visit, the participants will complete three main experiments (control, short high-intensity exercise, and prolonged high-intensity exercise) in a counter-balanced design. All experiments began at ~0930, following an overnight fast of at least 10 hours. Participants will consume a prescribed meal in the evening before each main experiment. Following this meal, participants are only allowed to drink water until the start of the main experiments.
At the beginning of the exercise conditions, participants will run on the treadmill for 10 minutes (short) or 30 minutes (prolonged) at a speed estimated to elicit a 75% V̇O2 peak, followed by rest in the laboratory. In the control condition, the researchers will follow the same protocols except that the participants will not perform any exercise. The participants will have a standardized meal after exercise and then an ad libitum buffet meal afterward.
During each experiment, the researchers will assess appetite ratings using 100 mm visual analog scales (Flint et al. 2000). The researchers will also collect blood samples to examine ghrelin, peptide YY, glucagon-like peptide 1, and possibly other blood-borne measures.
- Conditions
- Healthy
- Being tested
- Bouts of Exercise
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Bouts of ExerciseOther
The participants will run on the treadmill for 10 minutes (short) or 30 minutes (prolonged).
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Control | No intervention | The participants will not perform any exercise. |
| Short Exercise | Experimental | The participants will run on the treadmill for 10 minutes. Receives: Other: Bouts of Exercise |
| Prolonged Exercise | Experimental | The participants will run on the treadmill for 30 minutes. Receives: Other: Bouts of Exercise |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in Peptide-YY (PYY)
Blood samples will be drawn at different time points during the trial to measure the change in PYY blood levels. Area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) of PYY will be calculated using the trapezoidal rule.
Measured: At 0 (baseline), 0.167, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, and 4 hours
Change in Ghrelin
Blood samples will be drawn at different time points during the trial to measure the change in ghrelin blood levels. Area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) of ghrelin will be calculated using the trapezoidal rule.
Measured: At 0 (baseline), 0.167, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, and 4 hours
Change in Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1)
Blood samples will be drawn at different time points during the trial to measure the change in GLP-1 blood levels. Area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) of GLP-1 will be calculated using the trapezoidal rule.
Measured: At 0 (baseline), 0.167, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, and 4 hours
Change in subjective appetite sensations
The subjective appetite sensations will be assessed using 100 mm visual analog scales (VAS) to measure appetite sensations (hunger, satiety, fullness, prospective food consumption, and desire to eat). The VAS are 100 mm long, with words anchored at each end expressing the most positive and negative ratings. Scores for each appetite construct range from 0-100.
Measured: At 0 (baseline), 0.167, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 5.5, and 6 hours
Secondary outcomes (2)
Energy Intake
To determine the amount of each food item consumed, we will measure the difference in weight between before and after the meal. We will use manufacturer details to determine energy consumption.
Measured: At 5 hours
Macro-nutrient Intake
To determine the amount of each food item consumed, we will measure the difference in weight between before and after the meal. We will use manufacturer details to determine macronutrient consumption
Measured: At 5 hours
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted23 Oct 2023
- Study start6 Nov 2023
- Primary completion5 Oct 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion5 Oct 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for HealthyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 14 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Glasgow
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Northern Border University
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, James Dorling, PhD, University of Glasgow
- Investigators
- James Dorling, PhD, Principal investigator, University of Glasgow
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06096233
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 200220449
- Status last verified
- Jan 2026
- First submitted
- 11 Oct 2023
- Last updated
- 7 Jan 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: The stored data will be anonymous and follow the guidelines of the General Data Protection Regulation enforced in May 2018. Hard copies of participant information forms, including consent forms and dietary intake records, will be kept in locked filing cabinets. Keys to the filing cabinets will only be available to the primary investigator. All databases will be password protected and stored on a university computer with firewalls. Participants' identifiable data will be stored in a locked cabinet. Digital data will be stored anonymously within the server of the University of Glasgow. This project's Principal Investigator will be responsible for sharing the research data. Data will be preserved in Enlighten, the official online repository of Glasgow University's research output.
Publications
Broom DR, Miyashita M, Wasse LK, Pulsford R, King JA, Thackray AE, Stensel DJ. Acute effect of exercise intensity and duration on acylated ghrelin and hunger in men. J Endocrinol. 2017 Mar;232(3):411-422. doi: 10.1530/JOE-16-0561. Epub 2016 Dec 20.
PubMed 27999089Flint A, Raben A, Blundell JE, Astrup A. Reproducibility, power and validity of visual analogue scales in assessment of appetite sensations in single test meal studies. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000 Jan;24(1):38-48. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801083.
PubMed 10702749
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 7 Jan 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Acute Effect of Exercise on Post-meal Appetite, Appetite-Regulatory Hormones, and Energy Intake in Healthy Men
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06096233
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 200220449
- Conditions
- Healthy
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 14 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- University of GlasgowUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Northern Border University
- Study start
- 6 Nov 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 5 Oct 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 5 Oct 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 23 Oct 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This clinical trial's primary aim is to investigate the acute effect of two exercise bouts (short [10 minutes] and long [30 minutes]) on appetite and appetite-regulatory hormone responses to a standard meal test. The secondary aim is to investigate when the changes in appetite and appetite-regulatory hormones occur during exercise. As an exploratory aim, the researchers will test if the two exercise bouts influence ad libitum energy intake in the periods after the standard meal test. The researchers will compare three groups (control, short exercise, and prolonged exercise) to see if the exercise bouts affect appetite, appetite-regulatory hormones, and energy intake in healthy men.
Detailed description
Study Design
Screening visit Before conducting the main experiments, the participants will attend a screening visit where consent will be obtained, and they will complete questionnaires to assess health, food preferences, and physical activity. The researchers will then measure the participants' height, weight, waist circumference, and body composition.
After the researchers confirm the eligibility criteria, participants will take part in two treadmill tests to establish maximum oxygen uptake test (V̇O2 max) (Broom et al. 2017).
Experimental design After the screening visit, the participants will complete three main experiments (control, short high-intensity exercise, and prolonged high-intensity exercise) in a counter-balanced design. All experiments began at ~0930, following an overnight fast of at least 10 hours. Participants will consume a prescribed meal in the evening before each main experiment. Following this meal, participants are only allowed to drink water until the start of the main experiments.
At the beginning of the exercise conditions, participants will run on the treadmill for 10 minutes (short) or 30 minutes (prolonged) at a speed estimated to elicit a 75% V̇O2 peak, followed by rest in the laboratory. In the control condition, the researchers will follow the same protocols except that the participants will not perform any exercise. The participants will have a standardized meal after exercise and then an ad libitum buffet meal afterward.
During each experiment, the researchers will assess appetite ratings using 100 mm visual analog scales (Flint et al. 2000). The researchers will also collect blood samples to examine ghrelin, peptide YY, glucagon-like peptide 1, and possibly other blood-borne measures.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Control | No intervention | –The participants will not perform any exercise. |
| Short Exercise | Experimental | Other: Bouts of ExerciseThe participants will run on the treadmill for 10 minutes. |
| Prolonged Exercise | Experimental | Other: Bouts of ExerciseThe participants will run on the treadmill for 30 minutes. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Males aged 18 years or older.
- Have stable body mass for at least six months (within ±2 kg).
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Females
- People who are younger than 18 or older than 65 years old.
- Have food allergies.
- Have significant contraindications to exercise (e.g., an injury that would inhibit running).
- Smoking.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Bouts of ExerciseThe participants will run on the treadmill for 10 minutes (short) or 30 minutes (prolonged). | Other | Prolonged Exercise, Short Exercise |
Primary outcome
Change in Peptide-YY (PYY)
Time frame: At 0 (baseline), 0.167, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, and 4 hours
Blood samples will be drawn at different time points during the trial to measure the change in PYY blood levels. Area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) of PYY will be calculated using the trapezoidal rule.
Change in Ghrelin
Time frame: At 0 (baseline), 0.167, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, and 4 hours
Blood samples will be drawn at different time points during the trial to measure the change in ghrelin blood levels. Area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) of ghrelin will be calculated using the trapezoidal rule.
Change in Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1)
Time frame: At 0 (baseline), 0.167, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, and 4 hours
Blood samples will be drawn at different time points during the trial to measure the change in GLP-1 blood levels. Area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) of GLP-1 will be calculated using the trapezoidal rule.
Change in subjective appetite sensations
Time frame: At 0 (baseline), 0.167, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 5.5, and 6 hours
The subjective appetite sensations will be assessed using 100 mm visual analog scales (VAS) to measure appetite sensations (hunger, satiety, fullness, prospective food consumption, and desire to eat). The VAS are 100 mm long, with words anchored at each end expressing the most positive and negative ratings. Scores for each appetite construct range from 0-100.
2 secondary outcomes
Energy Intake
Time frame: At 5 hours
Macro-nutrient Intake
Time frame: At 5 hours
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 7 Jan 2026.
- Background: PubMed 27999089Broom DR, Miyashita M, Wasse LK, Pulsford R, King JA, Thackray AE, Stensel DJ. Acute effect of exercise intensity and duration on acylated ghrelin and hunger in men. J Endocrinol. 2017 Mar;232(3):411-422. doi: 10.1530/JOE-16-0561. Epub 2016 Dec 20.
- Background: PubMed 10702749Flint A, Raben A, Blundell JE, Astrup A. Reproducibility, power and validity of visual analogue scales in assessment of appetite sensations in single test meal studies. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000 Jan;24(1):38-48. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801083.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. The stored data will be anonymous and follow the guidelines of the General Data Protection Regulation enforced in May 2018. Hard copies of participant information forms, including consent forms and dietary intake records, will be kept in locked filing cabinets. Keys to the filing cabinets will only be available to the primary investigator. All databases will be password protected and stored on a university computer with firewalls. Participants' identifiable data will be stored in a locked cabinet. Digital data will be stored anonymously within the server of the University of Glasgow. This project's Principal Investigator will be responsible for sharing the research data. Data will be preserved in Enlighten, the official online repository of Glasgow University's research output.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
James Dorling, PhD principal investigator
University of Glasgow
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Bouts of Exercise in people with Healthy, run by University of Glasgow at 1 site in United Kingdom.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 7 Jan 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United Kingdom. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Sultan Alenezi, MSc (+44 778 653 0734, a.sultan-kheneisr-w.1@research.gla.ac.uk), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in Peptide-YY (PYY) (time frame: At 0 (baseline), 0.167, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, and 4 hours). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06096233, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 7 Jan 2026.