ProcrastinationNCT06157710
Randomised Controlled Trial of a Digital Programme for Procrastination in UK University Students
A study testing Digital intervention through modules in people with Procrastination, run by University of Bath at 1 site in United Kingdom.
Trial summary
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of an 8-week self-directed internet based CBT intervention on various psychological outcomes for young students struggling with procrastination in the UK. The psychological outcomes consist of motivation, depressive symptoms, impulsivity and anxiety. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 16 to 24 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Procrastination
- What is being tested?
- Digital intervention through modules
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 140 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited Kingdom
- Study dates
- 1 Dec 2023to Sep 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 16 to 24 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult
Who may be able to join
- Resident in the UK
- Fluent in English
- Aged between 16 and 24 years of age
- Have access to computer or smartphone
- Score at least 40 points on the Pure Procrastination Scale (indicating difficulties with procrastination)
Who cannot join
- Ongoing psychological treatment
- New course of change in dose of psychotropic medication in the last two months (self-reported)
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United Kingdom1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
University of Bath
Bath
Jeffrey Lambert, PhD, jl2426@bath.ac.uk
About this study
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of an 8-week self-directed internet based CBT intervention on various psychological outcomes for young students struggling with procrastination in the UK. The psychological outcomes consist of motivation, depressive symptoms, impulsivity and anxiety. More specifically, the study aims to compare the effect of the intervention vs waitlist control at 8 weeks on primary and secondary outcomes. Additionally, the study aims to explore whether changes in primary and secondary outcomes as the result of the intervention are mediated or moderated by key intervention processes.
- Conditions
- Procrastination
- Being tested
- Digital intervention through modules
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Digital intervention through modulesBehavioural
- Introduction
- Goal Setting Techniques
- Motivation
- Barriers to Action
- Managing Maladaptive Thoughts and Beliefs
- Value Clarification
- Moving Forward
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Procrastinate digital programme | Experimental | 8-week unternet-based CBT for procrastination
* Behavioural Module: Introduction
* Behavioural Module: Goal setting techniques
* Behavioural Module: Motivation
* Behavioural Module: Barriers to action
* Behavioural Module: Managing maladaptive thoughts and beliefs
* Behavioural Module: Value clarification
* Behavioural Module: Moving forward Receives: Behavioral: Digital intervention through modules |
| Waitlist control | No intervention | Wait-list control group. They do not receive the weekly modules though they are asked to complete 4-week and 8-week online surveys. They will be allowed to revive the intervention after 8 weeks. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Procrastination: Pure Procrastination Scale (PPS; Rozental, Forsell, et al., 2014)
measures procrastination by using 12 items to detect and determine dysfunctional delay. The higher the score the more likely the individual is to delay an activity or task
Measured: Baseline, WK4, WK8
Secondary outcomes (9)
Demographics
Age, gender, ethnicity, whether they were the first person in their family to attend university, international student status, course type, year of study, and method of recruitment.
Measured: Baseline
Clinical Perfectionism Questionnaire (CPQ) (Fairburn et al., 2003)
Assessment of cognitive, behavioural, and affective aspects of setting goals and striving to meet them. This scale has 12 items that assess clinical perfectionism. Items 2 and 8 are reverse-scored.The CPQ items are scored based on the individual's experiences over the past 28 days. The scale utilises a 4-point Likert scale ranging from 1 with the statement "not at all" to 4 with the statement "all the time". Higher scores on the CPQ indicate higher levels of perfectionism.
Measured: Baseline, WK4, WK8
Depressive symptoms: Patient health questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8) (Kroenke et al., 2008)
This assessment measures depressive symptoms. The questionnaire asks how often participants have been bothered or felt affected by eight possible issues or symptoms over the past 2 weeks (e.g., "feeling down, depressed, or hopeless,". The scale consists of eight of the nine criteria to determine depression. A score on the PHQ-8 ≥10 represents clinically significant depression.
Measured: Baseline, WK4, WK8
Anxiety symptoms: General Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) (Spitzer et al., 2006)
This scale is used to assess anxiety using 7 items relating to worry symptoms in the last 2 weeks. The scores on the scale range from 0 to 21. There are cut off points to indicate different anxiety levels. The scores of 5,10 and 15 show the thresholds for mild anxiety, moderate anxiety, and severe anxiety. participants have been bothered or felt affected by eight possible issues or symptoms over the past 2 weeks (e.g., "feeling down, depressed, or hopeless,". The scale consists of eight of the nine criteria to determine depression. A score on the PHQ-8 ≥10 represents clinically significant depression.
Measured: Baseline, WK4, WK8
Impulsivity: Short form Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (Spinella 2009)
Assessment of 15 items for impulsivity. The scale focuses on non planning, motor impulsivity, and attention impulsivity. Higher scores are indicative of more impulsivity.
Measured: Baseline, WK4, WK8
International physical activity questionnaire short form (Lee et al., 2011
The questionnaire consists of 9 items and it asks participants about their physical activity in the last 7 days before completing the form. It explores how often participants engaged with physical activity ranging at four levels: vigorous-intensity, moderate-intensity, walking, and sitting.
Measured: Baseline, WK4, WK8
Behavioural activation for depression scale (BATDS-SF) (Manos et al., 2011)
Assessment of experienced pleasure from daily activities over the past week. It consists of 9 items on 7 point scales from 0 to 6. 0 being "not at all" to 6 "completely".
Measured: Baseline, WK4, WK8
Intervention acceptability and appropriateness using the Intervention Appropriateness Measure (IAM), acceptability of Interventions Measure (AIM) and feasibility of intervention measure
This scale is used to measure how appropriate the intervention will be on the participants. This assessment uses 4 item measures which focus on how likely it is that the implementation of the intervention will be successful on the participants.
Measured: WK4, WK8
Usage data from intervention platform (e.g., time spend on modules, completion of worksheets)
Assessing how far and how much of each module was completed based on time spent and whether worksheets were completed.
Measured: Baseline to WK8
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted6 Dec 2023
- Study start1 Dec 2023
- Primary completionJul 2024 (estimated)
- Study completionSep 2024 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for ProcrastinationStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 140 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Bath
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Uppsala University, Linkoeping University
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Jeffrey Lambert, University of Bath
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06157710
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Procrastinate2023
- Status last verified
- May 2024
- First submitted
- 27 Nov 2023
- Last updated
- 9 May 2024
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 9 May 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Randomised Controlled Trial of a Digital Programme for Procrastination in UK University Students
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06157710
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Procrastinate2023
- Conditions
- Procrastination
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 140 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- University of BathUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Uppsala University, Linkoeping University
- Study start
- 1 Dec 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- Jul 2024 (estimated)
- Study completion
- Sep 2024 (estimated)
- First posted
- 6 Dec 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of an 8-week self-directed internet based CBT intervention on various psychological outcomes for young students struggling with procrastination in the UK. The psychological outcomes consist of motivation, depressive symptoms, impulsivity and anxiety. More specifically, the study aims to compare the effect of the intervention vs waitlist control at 8 weeks on primary and secondary outcomes. Additionally, the study aims to explore whether changes in primary and secondary outcomes as the result of the intervention are mediated or moderated by key intervention processes.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Procrastinate digital programme | Experimental | Behavioral: Digital intervention through modules8-week unternet-based CBT for procrastination * Behavioural Module: Introduction * Behavioural Module: Goal setting techniques * Behavioural Module: Motivation * Behavioural Module: Barriers to action * Behavioural Module: Managing maladaptive thoughts and beliefs * Behavioural Module: Value clarification * Behavioural Module: Moving forward |
| Waitlist control | No intervention | –Wait-list control group. They do not receive the weekly modules though they are asked to complete 4-week and 8-week online surveys. They will be allowed to revive the intervention after 8 weeks. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 16 to 24 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Resident in the UK
- Fluent in English
- Aged between 16 and 24 years of age
- Have access to computer or smartphone
- Score at least 40 points on the Pure Procrastination Scale (indicating difficulties with procrastination)
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Ongoing psychological treatment
- New course of change in dose of psychotropic medication in the last two months (self-reported)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Digital intervention through modules* Introduction * Goal Setting Techniques * Motivation * Barriers to Action * Managing Maladaptive Thoughts and Beliefs * Value Clarification * Moving Forward | Behavioural | Procrastinate digital programme |
Primary outcome
Procrastination: Pure Procrastination Scale (PPS; Rozental, Forsell, et al., 2014)
Time frame: Baseline, WK4, WK8
measures procrastination by using 12 items to detect and determine dysfunctional delay. The higher the score the more likely the individual is to delay an activity or task
9 secondary outcomes
Demographics
Time frame: Baseline
Clinical Perfectionism Questionnaire (CPQ) (Fairburn et al., 2003)
Time frame: Baseline, WK4, WK8
Depressive symptoms: Patient health questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8) (Kroenke et al., 2008)
Time frame: Baseline, WK4, WK8
Anxiety symptoms: General Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) (Spitzer et al., 2006)
Time frame: Baseline, WK4, WK8
Impulsivity: Short form Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (Spinella 2009)
Time frame: Baseline, WK4, WK8
International physical activity questionnaire short form (Lee et al., 2011
Time frame: Baseline, WK4, WK8
Behavioural activation for depression scale (BATDS-SF) (Manos et al., 2011)
Time frame: Baseline, WK4, WK8
Intervention acceptability and appropriateness using the Intervention Appropriateness Measure (IAM), acceptability of Interventions Measure (AIM) and feasibility of intervention measure
Time frame: WK4, WK8
Usage data from intervention platform (e.g., time spend on modules, completion of worksheets)
Time frame: Baseline to WK8
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 9 May 2024.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Procrastination
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Procrastination, Educational Intervention
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Digital intervention through modules in people with Procrastination, run by University of Bath at 1 site in United Kingdom.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 9 May 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United Kingdom. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Jeffrey Lambert, PhD (+44 (0)1225 384536, jl2426@bath.ac.uk), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Procrastination: Pure Procrastination Scale (PPS; Rozental, Forsell, et al., 2014) (time frame: Baseline, WK4, WK8). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 9 May 2024; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 30 Oct 2026.