Children, OnlyNCT06232343
Effects of Parachute Resistance Training in Young Athletes
A study testing Parachute Resistance Training and Sprinters in people with Children, Only, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
Muscular power may protect against cardiovascular disease independently of cardiorespiratory fitness. Resistance training is a useful training technique to boost running speed while enhancing other aspect of an athlete's physical condition. Resistance training is also consisting of weight training. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 8 to 14 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Children, Only
- What is being tested?
- Parachute Resistance Training and Sprinters
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 42 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 1 Dec 2023to 5 Feb 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 8 to 14 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child
Who may be able to join
- Age 08-14 years
- Athletic Participants will be included
- Both Gender Boys and Girls will be included
Who cannot join
- Participants with any musculoskeletal, neurological, cardiovascular, or respiratory disablements
- Those who were unable to complete follow-up tests.
- Participants with leg length discrepancy.
- Participants Previous surgery
- Participants are not currently using or ever used supplements that can effect muscles
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Pakistan1 site
Riphah International University
Lahore, Punjab Province, 54000
About this study
Official title: Effects of Parachute Resistance Training on Strength, Fatigue and Gait Parameters in Young Athletes
Muscular power may protect against cardiovascular disease independently of cardiorespiratory fitness. Resistance training is a useful training technique to boost running speed while enhancing other aspect of an athlete's physical condition. Resistance training is also consisting of weight training. Weight training emphasis on health exercise program. Improvements in muscular strength, power, running speed, kicking velocity, endurance, dynamic balance, flexibility, and general motor function have been observed in youth who have participated in resistance training between the ages of 8 to 14 years. These improvements strengthen young athletes' immunity to common sports ailments It will be Randomized Controlled trial in which convenient sampling technique will be used. Two groups will be formed in which participants will be divided by lottery method. Group A in which will be treated By Parachute resistance training and the other group will perform sprinters. Fatigue Assessment Scale and Strength 1RM tool will be used. The result after statistical analysis will either show this intervention is effective or not. Results will be analyzed on SPSS
Read the detailed description
The study plan consisted of three parts, a) initial evaluation testing b) implementation of a 4-week intervention training programme c) evaluation retesting.
The resisted sprint training method will be adopted. To achieve resistance, a parachute will be used. The rate of applied resistance should be such that no alteration of the running technique would be observed. Any running velocity decrease 10% compared to un-resisted running indicates that the applied resistance load is too high and will have adverse effects on the sprinting technique.
The subjects will be divided randomly into two groups (Ν = 21each). Both groups will follow the same training programmed. The first group followed a resisted training programmed with a parachute (resisted group-RG), while the other group used no external resistance (un-resisted group-UG).control group perform sprinters. The training programmed will have duration of four weeks and will be implemented in the same facility in which the evaluation procedures will be held. The preparation/warm-up protocol throughout the training programmed will be the same with the protocol that was implemented during the testing procedures. The groups will follow the training programmed three times a week. The daily schedule (training group) included four repetitions of maximum intensity 30 m \& 50 m dashes (4 × 30 m, 4 × 50 m). The duration of recovery time between the 30 m \& 50 m runs will be 4 and 6 minutes respectively. Between the last 30 m dash and the first 50 m dash, a 10-minute recovery will be applied. With regard to the frequency and volume of the intervention programmed, sprint - speed training is characterized by maximum intensity stimuli to be repeated 2-4 times a week. Moreover, sprint - speed training should not exceed 400-500 meters in total . To this end, the training programmed of the present study consisted of 4x30m and 4x50m runs, at a frequency of 3 times a week. (Total volume = 120 m + 200 m = 320 m). The duration of the recovery time will be 4 and 6 minutes for the 30 m and 50 m runs respectively, and 10 minutes between each set. 4-minutes of recovery time is adequate for the body to reach full recovery. A recovery time longer than 12 minutes between repetitions in total results in inactivation of the central nervous system
- Conditions
- Children, Only
- Being tested
- Parachute Resistance Training, Sprinters
- Keywords
- Gait, Resistance training, Speed, Strength
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Parachute Resistance TrainingOther
The training programmed duration is of four weeks.The groups will follow the training programmed three times a week. The daily schedule (training group) included four repetitions of maximum intensity 30 m \& 50 m dashes (4 × 30 m, 4 × 50 m). The duration of recovery time between the 30 m \& 50 m runs will be 4 and 6 minutes respectively. Between the last 30 m dash and the first 50 m dash, a 10-minute recovery will be applied. Moreover, sprint speed training should not exceed 400-500 meters in total . To this end, the training programmed of the present study consisted of 4x30m and 4x50m runs, at a frequency of 3 times a week.
SprintersOther
control group perform sprinters without any external resistance training for four weeks.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental | Experimental | This group followed a resisted training programmed with a parachute Receives: Other: Parachute Resistance Training |
| Controlled | Other | This group perform sprinters with no external resistance training Receives: Other: Sprinters |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Fatigue
The Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS) is a unidimensional fatigue scale to rate how a person usually feels that is scored using a 5-point Likert scale from 1 (never) to 5 (always). It consists of 10 items, 9 of which were derived from four useful fatigue scales, namely the Checklist Individual Strength (CIS), the Emotional Exhaustion subscale from the Dutch version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Energy and Fatigue subscale from the World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment instrument, and the Fatigue Scale. The satisfactory reliability and content validity of FAS were confirmed. Moreover, this scale is short and easy to use. 10-22 no fatigue, 22-34 mild fatigue, 35-50 severe
Measured: 4 weeks
Strength 1RM
The one-repetition maximum (1RM) is the heaviest weight that can be lifted just once while using proper form. There are a number of benefits of the 1RM test over traditional laboratory testing. The 1 repetition maximum test more accurately reflects the dynamic muscle actions that are most typically utilized in resistance training and of natural movement in most activities of sport and daily life since eccentric actions are usually paired with concentric actions. Strength in compound movements can be evaluated with the 1RM test. The "gold standard" of dynamic strength tests, according to many studies. One study conducted in the year 2020 found that ICCs might be anywhere from 0.64 to 0.99 (median ICC = 0.97), with the vast majority (92%) having values below 0.90 and the vast majority (97%) having values below 0.80. CVs were observed between 5% and 12.1 % (median CV = 4.2 %)
Measured: 4 weeks
Gait parameters
- Cadence (no. of step/time)
- Stride length (cm) distance of heel of right to heel of right
- Step length (cm) initial contact of one foot to initial contact of opposite foot
- Step width (cm) distance between two heels Speed (m/sec) distance/ time
Measured: 4 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted30 Jan 2024
- Study start1 Dec 2023
- Primary completion5 Feb 2024
- Study completion5 Feb 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Children, OnlyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Riphah International UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 42 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Umme Ammara, MS*, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06232343
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/RCR&AHS/23/0760
- Status last verified
- Jun 2024
- First submitted
- 26 Dec 2023
- Last updated
- 13 Jun 2024
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Walters BK, Read CR, Estes AR. The effects of resistance training, overtraining, and early specialization on youth athlete injury and development. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2018 Sep;58(9):1339-1348. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.17.07409-6. Epub 2017 Jun 8.
PubMed 28597618Zwolski C, Quatman-Yates C, Paterno MV. Resistance Training in Youth: Laying the Foundation for Injury Prevention and Physical Literacy. Sports Health. 2017 Sep/Oct;9(5):436-443. doi: 10.1177/1941738117704153. Epub 2017 Apr 27.
PubMed 28447880
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 13 Jun 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Parachute Resistance Training on Strength, Fatigue and Gait Parameters in Young Athletes
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06232343
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- REC/RCR&AHS/23/0760
- Conditions
- Children, Only
- Keywords
- Gait, Resistance training, Speed, Strength
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 42 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Dec 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 5 Feb 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 5 Feb 2024 (actual)
- First posted
- 30 Jan 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Muscular power may protect against cardiovascular disease independently of cardiorespiratory fitness. Resistance training is a useful training technique to boost running speed while enhancing other aspect of an athlete's physical condition. Resistance training is also consisting of weight training. Weight training emphasis on health exercise program. Improvements in muscular strength, power, running speed, kicking velocity, endurance, dynamic balance, flexibility, and general motor function have been observed in youth who have participated in resistance training between the ages of 8 to 14 years. These improvements strengthen young athletes' immunity to common sports ailments It will be Randomized Controlled trial in which convenient sampling technique will be used. Two groups will be formed in which participants will be divided by lottery method. Group A in which will be treated By Parachute resistance training and the other group will perform sprinters. Fatigue Assessment Scale and Strength 1RM tool will be used. The result after statistical analysis will either show this intervention is effective or not. Results will be analyzed on SPSS
Detailed description
The study plan consisted of three parts, a) initial evaluation testing b) implementation of a 4-week intervention training programme c) evaluation retesting.
The resisted sprint training method will be adopted. To achieve resistance, a parachute will be used. The rate of applied resistance should be such that no alteration of the running technique would be observed. Any running velocity decrease 10% compared to un-resisted running indicates that the applied resistance load is too high and will have adverse effects on the sprinting technique.
The subjects will be divided randomly into two groups (Ν = 21each). Both groups will follow the same training programmed. The first group followed a resisted training programmed with a parachute (resisted group-RG), while the other group used no external resistance (un-resisted group-UG).control group perform sprinters. The training programmed will have duration of four weeks and will be implemented in the same facility in which the evaluation procedures will be held. The preparation/warm-up protocol throughout the training programmed will be the same with the protocol that was implemented during the testing procedures. The groups will follow the training programmed three times a week. The daily schedule (training group) included four repetitions of maximum intensity 30 m \& 50 m dashes (4 × 30 m, 4 × 50 m). The duration of recovery time between the 30 m \& 50 m runs will be 4 and 6 minutes respectively. Between the last 30 m dash and the first 50 m dash, a 10-minute recovery will be applied. With regard to the frequency and volume of the intervention programmed, sprint - speed training is characterized by maximum intensity stimuli to be repeated 2-4 times a week. Moreover, sprint - speed training should not exceed 400-500 meters in total . To this end, the training programmed of the present study consisted of 4x30m and 4x50m runs, at a frequency of 3 times a week. (Total volume = 120 m + 200 m = 320 m). The duration of the recovery time will be 4 and 6 minutes for the 30 m and 50 m runs respectively, and 10 minutes between each set. 4-minutes of recovery time is adequate for the body to reach full recovery. A recovery time longer than 12 minutes between repetitions in total results in inactivation of the central nervous system
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Experimental | Experimental | Other: Parachute Resistance TrainingThis group followed a resisted training programmed with a parachute |
| Controlled | Other | Other: SprintersThis group perform sprinters with no external resistance training |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 8 to 14 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Age 08-14 years
- Athletic Participants will be included
- Both Gender Boys and Girls will be included
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Participants with any musculoskeletal, neurological, cardiovascular, or respiratory disablements
- Those who were unable to complete follow-up tests.
- Participants with leg length discrepancy.
- Participants Previous surgery
- Participants are not currently using or ever used supplements that can effect muscles
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Parachute Resistance TrainingThe training programmed duration is of four weeks.The groups will follow the training programmed three times a week. The daily schedule (training group) included four repetitions of maximum intensity 30 m \& 50 m dashes (4 × 30 m, 4 × 50 m). The duration of recovery time between the 30 m \& 50 m runs will be 4 and 6 minutes respectively. Between the last 30 m dash and the first 50 m dash, a 10-minute recovery will be applied. Moreover, sprint speed training should not exceed 400-500 meters in total . To this end, the training programmed of the present study consisted of 4x30m and 4x50m runs, at a frequency of 3 times a week. | Other | Experimental |
| Sprinterscontrol group perform sprinters without any external resistance training for four weeks. | Other | Controlled |
Primary outcome
Fatigue
Time frame: 4 weeks
The Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS) is a unidimensional fatigue scale to rate how a person usually feels that is scored using a 5-point Likert scale from 1 (never) to 5 (always). It consists of 10 items, 9 of which were derived from four useful fatigue scales, namely the Checklist Individual Strength (CIS), the Emotional Exhaustion subscale from the Dutch version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Energy and Fatigue subscale from the World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment instrument, and the Fatigue Scale. The satisfactory reliability and content validity of FAS were confirmed. Moreover, this scale is short and easy to use. 10-22 no fatigue, 22-34 mild fatigue, 35-50 severe
Strength 1RM
Time frame: 4 weeks
The one-repetition maximum (1RM) is the heaviest weight that can be lifted just once while using proper form. There are a number of benefits of the 1RM test over traditional laboratory testing. The 1 repetition maximum test more accurately reflects the dynamic muscle actions that are most typically utilized in resistance training and of natural movement in most activities of sport and daily life since eccentric actions are usually paired with concentric actions. Strength in compound movements can be evaluated with the 1RM test. The "gold standard" of dynamic strength tests, according to many studies. One study conducted in the year 2020 found that ICCs might be anywhere from 0.64 to 0.99 (median ICC = 0.97), with the vast majority (92%) having values below 0.90 and the vast majority (97%) having values below 0.80. CVs were observed between 5% and 12.1 % (median CV = 4.2 %)
Gait parameters
Time frame: 4 weeks
1. Cadence (no. of step/time) 2. Stride length (cm) distance of heel of right to heel of right 3. Step length (cm) initial contact of one foot to initial contact of opposite foot 4. Step width (cm) distance between two heels Speed (m/sec) distance/ time
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 13 Jun 2024.
- Background: PubMed 28597618Walters BK, Read CR, Estes AR. The effects of resistance training, overtraining, and early specialization on youth athlete injury and development. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2018 Sep;58(9):1339-1348. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.17.07409-6. Epub 2017 Jun 8.
- Background: PubMed 28447880Zwolski C, Quatman-Yates C, Paterno MV. Resistance Training in Youth: Laying the Foundation for Injury Prevention and Physical Literacy. Sports Health. 2017 Sep/Oct;9(5):436-443. doi: 10.1177/1941738117704153. Epub 2017 Apr 27.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Umme Ammara, MS* principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Parachute Resistance Training and Sprinters in people with Children, Only, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 13 Jun 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Fatigue (time frame: 4 weeks). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06232343, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 13 Jun 2024.