SurgeryNCT06249113
Effectiveness of Continous Adjuvant Lidocaine on General Anaesthesia on Tumor Craniotomy Surgery
A study testing NaCl 0.9% and Adjuvant lidocaine continous in people with Surgery and Anesthesia; Functional, run by Universitas Indonesia at 1 site in Indonesia.
Trial summary
This study aims to investigate the effect of adjuvant continuous lidocaine in General Anesthesia on Depth of Anesthesia (qCON), Pain Response (qNOX), and Blood Sugar Levels in Elective Primary Tumor Craniotomy Surgery Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Surgery, Anesthesia; Functional, Haemodynamic Instability
- What is being tested?
- NaCl 0.9% and Adjuvant lidocaine continous
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 60 participants
- Where
- 1 siteIndonesia
- Study dates
- 16 Jan 2023to 10 Jan 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Adult patients aged 18 - 65 years with a diagnosis of brain tumor supratentorial who will undergo craniotomy by opening the dura
- ASA physical status 1-3
- Surgery using a head pin
- The level of consciousness was assessed with the Glasgow Coma Scale 15
Who cannot join
- The patient's family or guardian refuses informed consent included in the research
- The patient has atrioventricular block
- There is a midline shift > 5.4 mm
- Diagnosis of glioblastoma multiforme or metastases
- History of allergies to drugs used in the study
- The patient routinely consumes or is administered class of drugs adrenergic agonists or antagonists (e.g., beta blockers, α-2 agonists, vasodilator, vasoconstrictor or inotropic).
Show all 9Show fewer
- The patient has been regularly consuming analgesic agents for the past 2 weeks.
- The patient has a history of cardiac arrhythmia, kidney or liver disease based on the results of the history and confirmed by further examination.
- Suffering from diabetes mellitus or taking anti-drugs hyperglycemia based on preoperative assessment.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Indonesia1 site
Cipto Mangunkusumo Central National Hospital
Jakarta Pusat, DKI Jakarta
About this study
Official title: Effectiveness of Adjuvant Continuous Lidocaine in General Anesthesia on Depth of Anesthesia (qCON), Pain Response (qNOX), and Blood Sugar Levels in Elective Primary Tumor Craniotomy Surgery
This study aims to investigate the effect of adjuvant continuous lidocaine in General Anesthesia on Depth of Anesthesia (qCON), Pain Response (qNOX), and Blood Sugar Levels in Elective Primary Tumor Craniotomy Surgery
Read the detailed description
Craniotomy for resection of brain tumors is frequently performed in neurosurgical practice. Craniotomy surgery is currently starting to use the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol, namely for intraoperative pain management. Intraoperative pain can be evaluated through intraoperative hemodynamic conditions or can also use qCON and qNOX parameters and blood sugar levels. Perioperative pain management in the form of continuous intravenous lidocaine shows a role in reducing intraoperative pain. However, the use of intravenous lidocaine in ERAS protocols is still debated. So this study aims to use general anesthesia with continuous IV lidocaine adjuvant general anesthesia to affect depth of anesthesia (qCONtm) and intraoperative pain response in the form of values (qNOXtm), and blood sugar levels during elective primary tumor craniotomy.
The method is a Double-Blinded Randomized Control Trial. 60 patients aged 18-65 years who were diagnosed with craniotomy supratentorial tumor were randomly allocated to either Adjuvant Continuous Lidocaine (intervention group) or Normal Saline 0.9% (control group). Both drugs are given in a 20 ml syringe. The primary outcome measure of the study was the intraoperative of qCON, qNOX, and Blood Sugar. While the secondary outcome was the intraoperative hemodynamic.
All patients will be induced by general anesthesia using fentanyl 3 μg/kg IV as coinduction and propofol 1 mg/kg until the patient falls asleep. After induction, patients who receive lidocaine will receive a continuous intravenous infusion of 2 mg/kg/hour of lidocaine while other patients are given 0.9% NaCl as control. All patients data of hemodynamics, qCon, QNox, and blood glucose recorded and will be analyze.
- Conditions
- Surgery, Anesthesia; Functional, Haemodynamic Instability
- Being tested
- NaCl 0.9%, Adjuvant lidocaine continous
- Keywords
- Adjuvant Continuous Lidocaine, General Anesthesia, Depth of Anesthesia, Pain Response, Blood Sugar Levels, Elective Primary Tumor Craniotomy Surgery
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
NaCl 0.9%Drug
Also called Normal Saline
NaCl 0.9% continous intravenous on tumor craniotomy surgery
Adjuvant lidocaine continousDrug
Also called Lidocaine Intravenous
Adjuvant lidocaine continous intravenous on tumor craniotomy surgery
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| NaCl 0.9% continous intravenous on tumor craniotomy surgery | Placebo comparator | NaCl 0.9% continous intravenous on general anesthesia during tumor craniotomy surgery Receives: Drug: NaCl 0.9% |
| Adjuvant lidocaine continous intravenous on tumor craniotomy surgery | Active comparator | Adjuvant lidocaine continous intravenous on general anesthesia during tumor craniotomy surgery Receives: Drug: Adjuvant lidocaine continous |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Depth of Anaesthesia
Depth of Anaesthesia measured by qCON index on CONOX monitor. qCON ranges from 0 to 99. A qCON index of more than 60 indicates inadequate use of sedative agents, whereas a qCON of less than 40 indicates excessive sedation
Measured: Intraoperation
Pain Response
Pain Response measured by qNOX index on CONOX monitor. The qNOX index uses a scale from 0 to 99 where 99 indicates a high probability of response to noxious stimulation. A decreasing index value means a smaller probability of response to the stimulus
Measured: Intraoperation
Blood Sugar Levels
Blood Sugar Levels measured by blood test during surgery
Measured: Intraoperation
Secondary outcomes (3)
Blood Pressure
blood pressure (mm/Hg) shown on the monitor during surgery, induction, intubation, head pin installation, and skin incision, bone opening, dura mater opening, skin suturing. Blood Preasure includes systolic (mmHg), Diastolic (mmHg), and Mean Arterial Pressure (mmHg)
Measured: Intraoperation
Heart Rate
Heart Rate (times/minutes) shown on the monitor during surgery, induction, intubation, head pin installation, and skin incision, bone opening, dura mater opening, skin suturing
Measured: Intraoperation
Body Temperature
Body Temperature (celsius) shown on the monitor during surgery, induction, intubation, head pin installation, and skin incision, bone opening, dura mater opening, skin suturing
Measured: Intraoperation
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted8 Feb 2024
- Study start16 Jan 2023
- Primary completion23 Nov 2023
- Study completion10 Jan 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (29)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for SurgeryStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Universitas IndonesiaThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Universitas Indonesia
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Arief Cahyadi, Universitas Indonesia
- Investigators
- Arief Cahyadi, Specialist, Principal investigator, Universitas Indonesia
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06249113
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- IndonesiaUAnes1001
- Status last verified
- Feb 2024
- First submitted
- 16 Jan 2024
- Last updated
- 16 Feb 2024
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
de Robles P, Fiest KM, Frolkis AD, Pringsheim T, Atta C, St Germaine-Smith C, Day L, Lam D, Jette N. The worldwide incidence and prevalence of primary brain tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuro Oncol. 2015 Jun;17(6):776-83. doi: 10.1093/neuonc/nou283. Epub 2014 Oct 13.
PubMed 25313193Dashti M, Amini S, Azarfarin R, Totonchi Z, Hatami M. Hemodynamic changes following endotracheal intubation with glidescope((R)) video-laryngoscope in patients with untreated hypertension. Res Cardiovasc Med. 2014 May;3(2):e17598. doi: 10.5812/cardiovascmed.17598. Epub 2014 Apr 1.
PubMed 25478537Can BO, Bilgin H. Effects of scalp block with bupivacaine versus levobupivacaine on haemodynamic response to head pinning and comparative efficacies in postoperative analgesia: A randomized controlled trial. J Int Med Res. 2017 Apr;45(2):439-450. doi: 10.1177/0300060516665752. Epub 2017 Mar 7.
PubMed 28415943Greisen J, Juhl CB, Grofte T, Vilstrup H, Jensen TS, Schmitz O. Acute pain induces insulin resistance in humans. Anesthesiology. 2001 Sep;95(3):578-84. doi: 10.1097/00000542-200109000-00007.
PubMed 11575527Marik PE, Bellomo R. Stress hyperglycemia: an essential survival response! Crit Care. 2013 Mar 6;17(2):305. doi: 10.1186/cc12514.
PubMed 23470218Gruenbaum SE, Meng L, Bilotta F. Recent trends in the anesthetic management of craniotomy for supratentorial tumor resection. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2016 Oct;29(5):552-7. doi: 10.1097/ACO.0000000000000365.
PubMed 27285727Beaussier M, Delbos A, Maurice-Szamburski A, Ecoffey C, Mercadal L. Perioperative Use of Intravenous Lidocaine. Drugs. 2018 Aug;78(12):1229-1246. doi: 10.1007/s40265-018-0955-x.
PubMed 30117019McKay A, Gottschalk A, Ploppa A, Durieux ME, Groves DS. Systemic lidocaine decreased the perioperative opioid analgesic requirements but failed to reduce discharge time after ambulatory surgery. Anesth Analg. 2009 Dec;109(6):1805-8. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e3181be371b.
PubMed 19923506Weibel S, Jelting Y, Pace NL, Helf A, Eberhart LH, Hahnenkamp K, Hollmann MW, Poepping DM, Schnabel A, Kranke P. Continuous intravenous perioperative lidocaine infusion for postoperative pain and recovery in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Jun 4;6(6):CD009642. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009642.pub3.
PubMed 29864216Peng Y, Zhang W, Kass IS, Han R. Lidocaine Reduces Acute Postoperative Pain After Supratentorial Tumor Surgery in the PACU: A Secondary Finding From a Randomized, Controlled Trial. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2016 Oct;28(4):309-15. doi: 10.1097/ANA.0000000000000230.
PubMed 26397235Hani U, Bakhshi SK, Shamim MS. Enhanced Recovery after Elective Craniotomy for Brain Tumours. J Pak Med Assoc. 2019 May;69(5):749-751.
PubMed 31105305Lapointe S, Perry A, Butowski NA. Primary brain tumours in adults. Lancet. 2018 Aug 4;392(10145):432-446. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30990-5. Epub 2018 Jul 27.
PubMed 30060998Kirby S, Purdy RA. Headaches and brain tumors. Neurol Clin. 2014 May;32(2):423-32. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2013.11.006. Epub 2013 Dec 27.
PubMed 24703537Vacas S, Van de Wiele B. Designing a pain management protocol for craniotomy: A narrative review and consideration of promising practices. Surg Neurol Int. 2017 Dec 6;8:291. doi: 10.4103/sni.sni_301_17. eCollection 2017.
PubMed 29285407Chowdhury T, Garg R, Sheshadri V, Venkatraghavan L, Bergese SD, Cappellani RB, Schaller B. Perioperative Factors Contributing the Post-Craniotomy Pain: A Synthesis of Concepts. Front Med (Lausanne). 2017 Mar 1;4:23. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2017.00023. eCollection 2017.
PubMed 28299313
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 16 Feb 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effectiveness of Adjuvant Continuous Lidocaine in General Anesthesia on Depth of Anesthesia (qCON), Pain Response (qNOX), and Blood Sugar Levels in Elective Primary Tumor Craniotomy Surgery
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06249113
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- IndonesiaUAnes1001
- Conditions
- Surgery, Anesthesia; Functional, Haemodynamic Instability
- Keywords
- Adjuvant Continuous Lidocaine, General Anesthesia, Depth of Anesthesia, Pain Response, Blood Sugar Levels, Elective Primary Tumor Craniotomy Surgery
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Universitas IndonesiaUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 16 Jan 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 23 Nov 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 10 Jan 2024 (actual)
- First posted
- 8 Feb 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study aims to investigate the effect of adjuvant continuous lidocaine in General Anesthesia on Depth of Anesthesia (qCON), Pain Response (qNOX), and Blood Sugar Levels in Elective Primary Tumor Craniotomy Surgery
Detailed description
Craniotomy for resection of brain tumors is frequently performed in neurosurgical practice. Craniotomy surgery is currently starting to use the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol, namely for intraoperative pain management. Intraoperative pain can be evaluated through intraoperative hemodynamic conditions or can also use qCON and qNOX parameters and blood sugar levels. Perioperative pain management in the form of continuous intravenous lidocaine shows a role in reducing intraoperative pain. However, the use of intravenous lidocaine in ERAS protocols is still debated. So this study aims to use general anesthesia with continuous IV lidocaine adjuvant general anesthesia to affect depth of anesthesia (qCONtm) and intraoperative pain response in the form of values (qNOXtm), and blood sugar levels during elective primary tumor craniotomy.
The method is a Double-Blinded Randomized Control Trial. 60 patients aged 18-65 years who were diagnosed with craniotomy supratentorial tumor were randomly allocated to either Adjuvant Continuous Lidocaine (intervention group) or Normal Saline 0.9% (control group). Both drugs are given in a 20 ml syringe. The primary outcome measure of the study was the intraoperative of qCON, qNOX, and Blood Sugar. While the secondary outcome was the intraoperative hemodynamic.
All patients will be induced by general anesthesia using fentanyl 3 μg/kg IV as coinduction and propofol 1 mg/kg until the patient falls asleep. After induction, patients who receive lidocaine will receive a continuous intravenous infusion of 2 mg/kg/hour of lidocaine while other patients are given 0.9% NaCl as control. All patients data of hemodynamics, qCon, QNox, and blood glucose recorded and will be analyze.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| NaCl 0.9% continous intravenous on tumor craniotomy surgery | Placebo comparator | Drug: NaCl 0.9%NaCl 0.9% continous intravenous on general anesthesia during tumor craniotomy surgery |
| Adjuvant lidocaine continous intravenous on tumor craniotomy surgery | Active comparator | Drug: Adjuvant lidocaine continousAdjuvant lidocaine continous intravenous on general anesthesia during tumor craniotomy surgery |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Adult patients aged 18 - 65 years with a diagnosis of brain tumor supratentorial who will undergo craniotomy by opening the dura
- ASA physical status 1-3
- Surgery using a head pin
- The level of consciousness was assessed with the Glasgow Coma Scale 15
Key exclusion criteria (9 listed)
- The patient's family or guardian refuses informed consent included in the research
- The patient has atrioventricular block
- There is a midline shift > 5.4 mm
- Diagnosis of glioblastoma multiforme or metastases
- History of allergies to drugs used in the study
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| NaCl 0.9%Also: Normal SalineNaCl 0.9% continous intravenous on tumor craniotomy surgery | Drug | NaCl 0.9% continous intravenous on tumor craniotomy surgery |
| Adjuvant lidocaine continousAlso: Lidocaine IntravenousAdjuvant lidocaine continous intravenous on tumor craniotomy surgery | Drug | Adjuvant lidocaine continous intravenous on tumor craniotomy surgery |
Primary outcome
Depth of Anaesthesia
Time frame: Intraoperation
Depth of Anaesthesia measured by qCON index on CONOX monitor. qCON ranges from 0 to 99. A qCON index of more than 60 indicates inadequate use of sedative agents, whereas a qCON of less than 40 indicates excessive sedation
Pain Response
Time frame: Intraoperation
Pain Response measured by qNOX index on CONOX monitor. The qNOX index uses a scale from 0 to 99 where 99 indicates a high probability of response to noxious stimulation. A decreasing index value means a smaller probability of response to the stimulus
Blood Sugar Levels
Time frame: Intraoperation
Blood Sugar Levels measured by blood test during surgery
3 secondary outcomes
Blood Pressure
Time frame: Intraoperation
Heart Rate
Time frame: Intraoperation
Body Temperature
Time frame: Intraoperation
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 16 Feb 2024.
- Background: PubMed 25313193de Robles P, Fiest KM, Frolkis AD, Pringsheim T, Atta C, St Germaine-Smith C, Day L, Lam D, Jette N. The worldwide incidence and prevalence of primary brain tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuro Oncol. 2015 Jun;17(6):776-83. doi: 10.1093/neuonc/nou283. Epub 2014 Oct 13.
- Background: PubMed 25478537Dashti M, Amini S, Azarfarin R, Totonchi Z, Hatami M. Hemodynamic changes following endotracheal intubation with glidescope((R)) video-laryngoscope in patients with untreated hypertension. Res Cardiovasc Med. 2014 May;3(2):e17598. doi: 10.5812/cardiovascmed.17598. Epub 2014 Apr 1.
- Background: PubMed 28415943Can BO, Bilgin H. Effects of scalp block with bupivacaine versus levobupivacaine on haemodynamic response to head pinning and comparative efficacies in postoperative analgesia: A randomized controlled trial. J Int Med Res. 2017 Apr;45(2):439-450. doi: 10.1177/0300060516665752. Epub 2017 Mar 7.
- Background: PubMed 11575527Greisen J, Juhl CB, Grofte T, Vilstrup H, Jensen TS, Schmitz O. Acute pain induces insulin resistance in humans. Anesthesiology. 2001 Sep;95(3):578-84. doi: 10.1097/00000542-200109000-00007.
- Background: PubMed 23470218Marik PE, Bellomo R. Stress hyperglycemia: an essential survival response! Crit Care. 2013 Mar 6;17(2):305. doi: 10.1186/cc12514.
- Background: PubMed 27285727Gruenbaum SE, Meng L, Bilotta F. Recent trends in the anesthetic management of craniotomy for supratentorial tumor resection. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2016 Oct;29(5):552-7. doi: 10.1097/ACO.0000000000000365.
- Background: PubMed 30117019Beaussier M, Delbos A, Maurice-Szamburski A, Ecoffey C, Mercadal L. Perioperative Use of Intravenous Lidocaine. Drugs. 2018 Aug;78(12):1229-1246. doi: 10.1007/s40265-018-0955-x.
- Background: PubMed 19923506McKay A, Gottschalk A, Ploppa A, Durieux ME, Groves DS. Systemic lidocaine decreased the perioperative opioid analgesic requirements but failed to reduce discharge time after ambulatory surgery. Anesth Analg. 2009 Dec;109(6):1805-8. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e3181be371b.
- Background: PubMed 29864216Weibel S, Jelting Y, Pace NL, Helf A, Eberhart LH, Hahnenkamp K, Hollmann MW, Poepping DM, Schnabel A, Kranke P. Continuous intravenous perioperative lidocaine infusion for postoperative pain and recovery in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Jun 4;6(6):CD009642. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009642.pub3.
- Background: PubMed 26397235Peng Y, Zhang W, Kass IS, Han R. Lidocaine Reduces Acute Postoperative Pain After Supratentorial Tumor Surgery in the PACU: A Secondary Finding From a Randomized, Controlled Trial. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2016 Oct;28(4):309-15. doi: 10.1097/ANA.0000000000000230.
- Background: PubMed 31105305Hani U, Bakhshi SK, Shamim MS. Enhanced Recovery after Elective Craniotomy for Brain Tumours. J Pak Med Assoc. 2019 May;69(5):749-751.
- Background: PubMed 30060998Lapointe S, Perry A, Butowski NA. Primary brain tumours in adults. Lancet. 2018 Aug 4;392(10145):432-446. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30990-5. Epub 2018 Jul 27.
- Neuro-anesthetic Management of Craniotomy-surgery in Removal Tumor Multiple Meningioma Patients: A Case ReportLink provided by the sponsor.
- Effects of indexes of consciousness (IoC1 and IoC2) monitoring on remifentanil dosage in modified radical mastectomy: a randomized trialLink provided by the sponsor.
- Acute stress-induced changes in hormone and lipid levels in mouse plasmaLink provided by the sponsor.
- Efek Pemberian Lidokain Intravena Kontinu Intraoperasi terhadap Kebutuhan Isofluran dan Pemakaian Fentanil pada Operasi Dekompresi dan Stabilisasi Posterior VertebraLink provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Arief Cahyadi, Specialist principal investigator
Universitas Indonesia
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing NaCl 0.9% and Adjuvant lidocaine continous in people with Surgery and Anesthesia; Functional, run by Universitas Indonesia at 1 site in Indonesia.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 9 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 16 Feb 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Indonesia. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Depth of Anaesthesia (time frame: Intraoperation). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06249113, which also lists 29 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 16 Feb 2024.