Sleep-Disordered BreathingNCT06255613
Validation of Belun Ring Gen3 Deep Learning Algorithms With Subxiphoid Body Sensor
A study testing Belun Ring and Belun Cor in people with Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Sleep Architecture, run by Belun Technology Company Limited at 2 sites in United States.
Trial summary
Hypothesis: BR's Gen3 DL algorithms, combined with its subxiphoid body sensor, can accurately diagnose OSA, categorize its severity, identify REM OSA and supine OSA, and detect central sleep apnea (CSA). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 80 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Sleep-Disordered Breathing, Sleep Architecture, Arrhythmia
- What is being tested?
- Belun Ring and Belun Cor
- Type of treatment
- Medical device
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 79 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesUnited States
- Study dates
- 19 Jul 2024to 30 Sep 2027
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 80 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Provision of signed informed consent form.
- Clinically assessed and suspicious for OSA with a STOP-Bang score ≥ 3.
Who cannot join
- Full night PAP titration study.
- On home O2, noninvasive ventilator, diaphragmatic pacing, or any form of a nerve stimulator.
- Having atrial fibrillation-flutter, pacemaker/defibrillator, left ventricular assist device (LVAD), or status post cardiac transplantation.
- Recent hospitalization or recent surgery in the past 30 days.
- Unstable cardiopulmonary status on the night of the study judged to be unsafe for sleep study by the sleep tech and/or the on-call sleep physician.
- If a participant did not sleep for at least 4 hours of technically valid sleep based on the Belun Ring method for diagnostic assessments, or a minimum of 3 hours of technically valid sleep during the diagnostic phase of a split-night study, the patient will be excluded from statistical analysis.
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country.
United States2 sites
UH Geauga Health Center Services
Chardon, Ohio, 44024
University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center
Cleveland, Ohio, 44106
About this study
Official title: Belun Ring Gen3 Deep Learning Algorithms With Subxiphoid Body Sensor: Exploring Its Diagnostic Capabilities for Sleep Disordered Breathing With Analysis of Biomarker Dynamics
Hypothesis: BR's Gen3 DL algorithms, combined with its subxiphoid body sensor, can accurately diagnose OSA, categorize its severity, identify REM OSA and supine OSA, and detect central sleep apnea (CSA).
Primary Objective:
Read more
To rigorously evaluate the overall performance of the BR with Gen3 DL Algorithms and Subxiphoid Body Sensor in assessing SDB in individuals referred to the sleep labs with clinical suspicion of sleep apnea and a STOP-Bang score > 3, by comparing to the attended in-lab PSG, the gold standard.
Secondary Objectives:
To determine the accuracy of BR sleep stage parameters using the Gen3 DL algorithms by comparing to the in-lab PSG;
To assess the accuracy of the BR arrhythmia detection algorithm;
To assess the impact of CPAP on HRV (both time- and frequency-domain), delta HR, hypoxic burden, and PWADI during split night studies;
To assess if any of the baseline HRV parameters (both time- and frequency-domain), delta heart rate (referred to as Delta HR), hypoxic burden, and pulse wave amplitude drop index (PWADI) or the change of these parameters may predict CPAP compliance;
To evaluate the minimum duration of quality data necessary for BR to achieve OSA diagnosis;
To examine the performance of OSA screening tools using OSA predictive AI models formulated by National Taiwan University Hospital (NTUH) and Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED).
- Conditions
- Sleep-Disordered Breathing, Sleep Architecture, Arrhythmia
- Being tested
- Belun Ring, Belun Cor
- Keywords
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Wearable, Home Sleep Test, Photoplethysmography, Deep Learning, Predictive AI models
- Medical subject headings
- Sleep Apnea Syndromes, Arrhythmias, Cardiac, Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Belun RingDevice
The Belun Ring sensor should be placed on the palmar side of the proximal phalanx of the index finger and the sensor should be placed along the radial artery such that the accuracy of the device will be minimally affected by skin color. The Ring has 7 adjustable arms for different finger sizes. Each device is reusable after thorough cleaning with an alcohol swab.
Belun CorDevice
The "Belun Cor" body sensor accessory is composed of an accelerometer, a temperature sensor, and a lithium battery. It will be placed immediately below the xiphoid process in the upper abdomen with a medical adhesive to detect the body temperature, body posture, respiratory rate, and respiratory efforts.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| UH-Participant | Experimental | Potential participants will be identified from patients scheduled for in-lab PSG at the two medical centers of University Hospitals Receives: Device: Belun Ring; Device: Belun Cor |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Performance of diagnosing sleep disordered breathing by BR's Gen3 DL algorithms
To establish mean, standard deviation, and target clinical agreement limit values for the differences in sleep-disordered breathing parameters (including AHI3%, AHI4%, REM AHI 3%, REM AHI4%, Supine AHI3%, Supine AHI4%, and CAI) from the BR against PSG. To calculate the sensitivity and specificity values, along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), for sleep-disordered breathing parameters from the BR against PSG at PSG cutoffs of 5, 15, and 30 events/h. Pearson correlation and regression analysis will be employed to assess the association between sleep-disordered breathing parameters obtained from the BR and PSG.
Measured: 2 years
Secondary outcomes (5)
Performance of sleep stage classification by BR's Gen3 DL algorithms
Sensitivity and specificity of the Epoch-by-Epoch (EBE) 4-stage classification (wake, deep sleep, light sleep, REM) of the BR will be compared to EBE PSG data for each stage against the combination of the other three classifications. For instance, sensitivity for detecting wake will measure the proportion of correctly classified wake epochs against the combined classifications of deep sleep, light sleep, and REM sleep. Sensitivity and specificity values, accompanied by 95% CIs, of EBE body position (supine vs. non-supine) against PSG will also be computed.
Measured: 2 years
To evaluate the minimum duration of quality data necessary for OSA diagnosis
To explore the minimum number of hours needed by the BR for an accurate OSA diagnosis, sensitivity, specificity, and Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) values, along with 95% CIs, will be computed for sleep-disordered breathing parameters of Belun total record time (bTRT) and belun total sleep time (bTST) with different numbers of hours (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 hours) against PSG data. In cases where varying numbers of subjects meet different bTRT and bTST criteria at different durations, resampling methods like oversampling, undersampling, bootstrapping, etc., will be employed to address data imbalances.
Measured: 2 years
Accuracy of the BR arrhythmia-detecting algorithm
To calculate the performance metrics, including sensitivity and specificity, along with 95% CIs, for the detection of arrhythmias by BR device in comparison to assessments made by a board-certified sleep physician. The physician will review the PSG ECG signals of the subjects suspected of having significant arrhythmias during the sleep study.
Measured: 3 years
Biomarker relationship analysis
Pearson correlation and regression analysis will be employed: (1) to explore the relationships between autonomic nervous system (ANS) metrics and delta HR, hypoxic burden, and pulse wave amplitude drop index (PWADI); (2) to evaluate the association between HRV, Delta HR, hypoxic burden, PWADI, CPAP adherence, sleep-disordered breathing parameters, and demographic data (including age, gender, and BMI). If data distribution assumptions are violated, the Spearman correlation will be used instead of the Pearson correlation.
Measured: 3 years
Accuracy of the NTUH and NEOMED models
The investigators will compute sensitivity and specificity values, accompanied by their respective 95% CIs, for AHI3% and AHI4% from the NTUH/NEOMED models in comparison to PSG. Furthermore, the investigators will determine the ROC curve at PSG-defined cutoffs of 5, 15, and 30 events/h for both AHI3% and AHI4%.
Measured: 3 years
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted13 Feb 2024
- Study start19 Jul 2024
- Primary completion31 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion30 Sep 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Sleep-Disordered BreathingStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Diagnosis
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 79 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Belun Technology Company Limited
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Ambrose A. Chiang, MD, Principal investigator, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical CenterSusheel P. Patil, MD, Principal investigator, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical CenterKingman P. Strohl, MD, Principal investigator, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06255613
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- STUDY20231436
- Status last verified
- Sep 2026
- First submitted
- 15 Jan 2024
- Last updated
- 30 Sep 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- Yes
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 30 Sep 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Belun Ring Gen3 Deep Learning Algorithms With Subxiphoid Body Sensor: Exploring Its Diagnostic Capabilities for Sleep Disordered Breathing With Analysis of Biomarker Dynamics
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06255613
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- STUDY20231436
- Conditions
- Sleep-Disordered Breathing, Sleep Architecture, Arrhythmia
- Keywords
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Wearable, Home Sleep Test, Photoplethysmography, Deep Learning, Predictive AI models
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Active, not recruiting
- Enrolment
- 79 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Belun Technology Company LimitedUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center
- Study start
- 19 Jul 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 30 Sep 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 13 Feb 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Hypothesis: BR's Gen3 DL algorithms, combined with its subxiphoid body sensor, can accurately diagnose OSA, categorize its severity, identify REM OSA and supine OSA, and detect central sleep apnea (CSA).
Primary Objective:
To rigorously evaluate the overall performance of the BR with Gen3 DL Algorithms and Subxiphoid Body Sensor in assessing SDB in individuals referred to the sleep labs with clinical suspicion of sleep apnea and a STOP-Bang score > 3, by comparing to the attended in-lab PSG, the gold standard.
Secondary Objectives:
To determine the accuracy of BR sleep stage parameters using the Gen3 DL algorithms by comparing to the in-lab PSG;
To assess the accuracy of the BR arrhythmia detection algorithm;
To assess the impact of CPAP on HRV (both time- and frequency-domain), delta HR, hypoxic burden, and PWADI during split night studies;
To assess if any of the baseline HRV parameters (both time- and frequency-domain), delta heart rate (referred to as Delta HR), hypoxic burden, and pulse wave amplitude drop index (PWADI) or the change of these parameters may predict CPAP compliance;
To evaluate the minimum duration of quality data necessary for BR to achieve OSA diagnosis;
To examine the performance of OSA screening tools using OSA predictive AI models formulated by National Taiwan University Hospital (NTUH) and Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED).
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Diagnosis
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| UH-Participant | Experimental | Device: Belun Ring, Device: Belun CorPotential participants will be identified from patients scheduled for in-lab PSG at the two medical centers of University Hospitals |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 80 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Provision of signed informed consent form.
- Clinically assessed and suspicious for OSA with a STOP-Bang score ≥ 3.
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Full night PAP titration study.
- On home O2, noninvasive ventilator, diaphragmatic pacing, or any form of a nerve stimulator.
- Having atrial fibrillation-flutter, pacemaker/defibrillator, left ventricular assist device (LVAD), or status post cardiac transplantation.
- Recent hospitalization or recent surgery in the past 30 days.
- Unstable cardiopulmonary status on the night of the study judged to be unsafe for sleep study by the sleep tech and/or the on-call sleep physician.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Belun RingThe Belun Ring sensor should be placed on the palmar side of the proximal phalanx of the index finger and the sensor should be placed along the radial artery such that the accuracy of the device will be minimally affected by skin color. The Ring has 7 adjustable arms for different finger sizes. Each device is reusable after thorough cleaning with an alcohol swab. | Device | UH-Participant |
| Belun CorThe "Belun Cor" body sensor accessory is composed of an accelerometer, a temperature sensor, and a lithium battery. It will be placed immediately below the xiphoid process in the upper abdomen with a medical adhesive to detect the body temperature, body posture, respiratory rate, and respiratory efforts. | Device | UH-Participant |
Primary outcome
Performance of diagnosing sleep disordered breathing by BR's Gen3 DL algorithms
Time frame: 2 years
To establish mean, standard deviation, and target clinical agreement limit values for the differences in sleep-disordered breathing parameters (including AHI3%, AHI4%, REM AHI 3%, REM AHI4%, Supine AHI3%, Supine AHI4%, and CAI) from the BR against PSG. To calculate the sensitivity and specificity values, along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), for sleep-disordered breathing parameters from the BR against PSG at PSG cutoffs of 5, 15, and 30 events/h. Pearson correlation and regression analysis will be employed to assess the association between sleep-disordered breathing parameters obtained from the BR and PSG.
5 secondary outcomes
Performance of sleep stage classification by BR's Gen3 DL algorithms
Time frame: 2 years
To evaluate the minimum duration of quality data necessary for OSA diagnosis
Time frame: 2 years
Accuracy of the BR arrhythmia-detecting algorithm
Time frame: 3 years
Biomarker relationship analysis
Time frame: 3 years
Accuracy of the NTUH and NEOMED models
Time frame: 3 years
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 30 Sep 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Ambrose A. Chiang, MD principal investigator
University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center
Susheel P. Patil, MD principal investigator
University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center
Kingman P. Strohl, MD principal investigator
University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Belun Ring and Belun Cor in people with Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Sleep Architecture, run by Belun Technology Company Limited at 2 sites in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: under way, not looking for participants, as of the sponsor's last update on 30 Sep 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Performance of diagnosing sleep disordered breathing by BR's Gen3 DL algorithms (time frame: 2 years). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 30 Sep 2026.