HealthyNCT06284811
Massage and Percussion Therapy on Muscle and Performance Parameters
A study testing HIIT Exercise program focusing on quadriceps in people with Healthy, run by Acibadem University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
DOMS, muscle viscoelastic properties, quadriceps strength and vertical jump performance will be evaluated in physically active individuals before the exercise and after the exercise and intervention which is either Swedish massage or Percussion therapy Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 30 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Healthy
- What is being tested?
- HIIT Exercise program focusing on quadriceps
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 24 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 31 Dec 2023to 20 Sep 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 30 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Participants willing to provide informed consent to participate in the study.
- Healthy adults aged between 18 and 30 years.
- No history of musculoskeletal injuries within the past six months.
- No known cardiovascular or respiratory conditions that may affect exercise performance.
- Participants with no previous experience with either massage or percussion therapy.
- International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form questionnaire score above 3000
Who cannot join
- Any medical condition or history of medical conditions that could affect muscle function or recovery (e.g., chronic pain conditions, autoimmune disorders).
- Individuals taking medications that could influence muscle performance or recovery.
- Any current injuries or pain that may interfere with the ability to perform exercises or receive interventions.
- Known allergies to massage oils or lotions or individuals with skin conditions that may be exacerbated by massage or percussion therapy.
- Participants unwilling or unable to comply with the study protocol.
- Inability to understand the study requirements.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Effects of Massage and Percussion Therapy on Muscle Viscoelastic Properties, DOMS and Vertical Jump Performance Parameters
DOMS, muscle viscoelastic properties, quadriceps strength and vertical jump performance will be evaluated in physically active individuals before the exercise and after the exercise and intervention which is either Swedish massage or Percussion therapy
Read the detailed description
Intense physical activity affects the biochemical balance of muscle cells by stimulating the accumulation of inorganic phosphate, protons, lactate and free Mg2+. The altered biochemical balance leads to fatigue, resulting in impaired exercise capacity and manifested by a decrease in the intensity and efficiency of muscle work. The optimal balance between training and post-training recovery is one of the main elements to consider due to its impact on muscle strength, physical performance and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS).
One such recovery tool which has recently grown in popularity is handheld percussive massage devices (i.e., massage guns). The first commercial massage gun was invented in 2008 and in recent years, there has been an increase in popularity of handheld devices for personal and professional therapeutic use, as well as by physiotherapists, strength and conditioning coaches and athletes to elicit potential performance gains.
Massage is defined as "the mechanical manipulation of body tissues with rhythmic pressure and stroking to promote health and well-being" and is used for recovery, pre-exercise preparation and injury prevention and rehabilitation.
Massage is known to reduce muscle tension; reduce muscle pain, edema and spasm; improve flexibility and range of motion; increase blood flow in the muscle and clear substances such as blood lactate or creatine kinase, and therefore have effects on fatigue.
Rapid recovery of performance is important for both amateur and professional athletes, and scientific studies are needed to prove that massage is an effective tool to improve post-exercise recovery or to promote a faster recovery.
To the best of our knowledge, literature lacks studies that compare percussion therapy and massage therapy effects on recovery, muscle strength and performance post-exercise. The aim of this study will be to examine the effect between percussion massage with a mechanical percussion device and classical Swedish massage after acute exercise.
- Conditions
- Healthy
- Being tested
- HIIT Exercise program focusing on quadriceps
- Keywords
- percussion therapy, physically active, Massage, viscoelastic properties, DOMS, vertical jump performance
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
HIIT Exercise program focusing on quadricepsBehavioural
Participants will be asked to perform the exercise program that focusing on quadriceps muscle.the participants started to 20-minute HIIT for the lower extremity. The HIIT protocol included static lunch, squats, squat walk, sumo squat, lateral squat walk, front and back lunge, kneel to squat, squat pulses and side lunge exercises. Exercises were performed as 40 seconds exercise and 10 seconds rest. During training, heart rate (HR) was monitored using an activity monitor. All participants completed HIIT Training, after received either percussion therapy or massage therapy according to their randomizations.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Percussion therapy group | Experimental | After exercises completed, individuals receive percussion therapy on quadriceps for 10 minutes for both sides. Afterwards individuals will be evaluated again. Receives: Behavioral: HIIT Exercise program focusing on quadriceps |
| Massage therapy group | Active comparator | After exercises completed, individuals receive massage therapy on quadriceps for 10 minutes for both sides. Afterwards individuals will be evaluated again. Receives: Behavioral: HIIT Exercise program focusing on quadriceps |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Muscle tone/tension(Hz)
3 parts of quadriceps(Rektus femoris, Vastus medialis, Vastus lateralis) will be evaluated will be evaluated with Myoton PRO device through holding it on the muscle.
Measured: 10 weeks
Muscle dynamic stiffness (N/m)
3 parts of quadriceps(Rektus femoris, Vastus medialis, Vastus lateralis) will be evaluated will be evaluated with Myoton PRO device through holding it on the muscle.
Measured: 10 weeks
Muscle elasticity (log)
3 parts of quadriceps(Rektus femoris, Vastus medialis, Vastus lateralis) will be evaluated will be evaluated with Myoton PRO device through holding it on the muscle.
Measured: 10 weeks
DOMS
DOMS will be evaluated with Visual Analogue Score, minimum value of 0, maximum value of 10. Visual Analogue Score, highest(10) will be for the soreness at its highest, and lowest(0) for no soreness at all.
Measured: 10 weeks
Vertical Jump Performance
Individual's vertical jump performance will be evaluated in cm.
Measured: 10 weeks
Quadriceps isometric strength
Quadriceps isometric strength will be evaluated with hand held dynamometer
Measured: 10 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted29 Feb 2024
- Study start31 Dec 2023
- Primary completion15 Aug 2024
- Study completion20 Sep 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (7)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for HealthyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Acibadem UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 24 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Acibadem University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Istanbul Aydın University, Biruni University
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06284811
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 050.06.04/155
- Status last verified
- Feb 2024
- First submitted
- 24 Jan 2024
- Last updated
- 7 Oct 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Garcia-Sillero M, Benitez-Porres J, Garcia-Romero J, Bonilla DA, Petro JL, Vargas-Molina S. Comparison of Interventional Strategies to Improve Recovery after Eccentric Exercise-Induced Muscle Fatigue. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 14;18(2):647. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18020647.
PubMed 33466606Sams L, Langdown BL, Simons J, Vseteckova J. The Effect Of Percussive Therapy On Musculoskeletal Performance And Experiences Of Pain: A Systematic Literature Review. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2023 Apr 1;18(2):309-327. doi: 10.26603/001c.73795. eCollection 2023.
PubMed 37020441Chwala W, Pogwizd P, Rydzik L, Ambrozy T. Effect of Vibration Massage and Passive Rest on Recovery of Muscle Strength after Short-Term Exercise. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Nov 7;18(21):11680. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111680.
PubMed 34770194Akinci B, Zenginler Yazgan Y, Altinoluk T. The effectiveness of three different recovery methods on blood lactate, acute muscle performance, and delayed-onset muscle soreness: a randomized comparative study. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2020 Mar;60(3):345-354. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.19.10142-9. Epub 2019 Oct 28.
PubMed 31684705Canbulut A, Kıyak G, Ercan S, Çetin C. Acute effect of percussion massage applied on quadriceps with Hypervolt device on range of motion and performance. Spor Hekimliği Dergisi. 2023;58(2):055-60.
Menek MY, Menek B. Effects of percussion massage therapy, dynamic stretching, and static stretching on physical performance and balance. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2024;37(1):183-193. doi: 10.3233/BMR-230069.
PubMed 37661870Leabeater AJ, Clarke AC, James L, Huynh M, Driller M. Under the Gun: Percussive Massage Therapy and Physical and Perceptual Recovery in Active Adults. J Athl Train. 2024 Mar 1;59(3):310-316. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-0041.23.
PubMed 37248364
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 7 Oct 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Massage and Percussion Therapy on Muscle Viscoelastic Properties, DOMS and Vertical Jump Performance Parameters
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06284811
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 050.06.04/155
- Conditions
- Healthy
- Keywords
- percussion therapy, physically active, Massage, viscoelastic properties, DOMS, vertical jump performance
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 24 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Acibadem UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Istanbul Aydın University, Biruni University
- Study start
- 31 Dec 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Aug 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 20 Sep 2024 (actual)
- First posted
- 29 Feb 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
DOMS, muscle viscoelastic properties, quadriceps strength and vertical jump performance will be evaluated in physically active individuals before the exercise and after the exercise and intervention which is either Swedish massage or Percussion therapy
Detailed description
Intense physical activity affects the biochemical balance of muscle cells by stimulating the accumulation of inorganic phosphate, protons, lactate and free Mg2+. The altered biochemical balance leads to fatigue, resulting in impaired exercise capacity and manifested by a decrease in the intensity and efficiency of muscle work. The optimal balance between training and post-training recovery is one of the main elements to consider due to its impact on muscle strength, physical performance and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS).
One such recovery tool which has recently grown in popularity is handheld percussive massage devices (i.e., massage guns). The first commercial massage gun was invented in 2008 and in recent years, there has been an increase in popularity of handheld devices for personal and professional therapeutic use, as well as by physiotherapists, strength and conditioning coaches and athletes to elicit potential performance gains.
Massage is defined as "the mechanical manipulation of body tissues with rhythmic pressure and stroking to promote health and well-being" and is used for recovery, pre-exercise preparation and injury prevention and rehabilitation.
Massage is known to reduce muscle tension; reduce muscle pain, edema and spasm; improve flexibility and range of motion; increase blood flow in the muscle and clear substances such as blood lactate or creatine kinase, and therefore have effects on fatigue.
Rapid recovery of performance is important for both amateur and professional athletes, and scientific studies are needed to prove that massage is an effective tool to improve post-exercise recovery or to promote a faster recovery.
To the best of our knowledge, literature lacks studies that compare percussion therapy and massage therapy effects on recovery, muscle strength and performance post-exercise. The aim of this study will be to examine the effect between percussion massage with a mechanical percussion device and classical Swedish massage after acute exercise.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Percussion therapy group | Experimental | Behavioral: HIIT Exercise program focusing on quadricepsAfter exercises completed, individuals receive percussion therapy on quadriceps for 10 minutes for both sides. Afterwards individuals will be evaluated again. |
| Massage therapy group | Active comparator | Behavioral: HIIT Exercise program focusing on quadricepsAfter exercises completed, individuals receive massage therapy on quadriceps for 10 minutes for both sides. Afterwards individuals will be evaluated again. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 30 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Participants willing to provide informed consent to participate in the study.
- Healthy adults aged between 18 and 30 years.
- No history of musculoskeletal injuries within the past six months.
- No known cardiovascular or respiratory conditions that may affect exercise performance.
- Participants with no previous experience with either massage or percussion therapy.
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Any medical condition or history of medical conditions that could affect muscle function or recovery (e.g., chronic pain conditions, autoimmune disorders).
- Individuals taking medications that could influence muscle performance or recovery.
- Any current injuries or pain that may interfere with the ability to perform exercises or receive interventions.
- Known allergies to massage oils or lotions or individuals with skin conditions that may be exacerbated by massage or percussion therapy.
- Participants unwilling or unable to comply with the study protocol.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| HIIT Exercise program focusing on quadricepsParticipants will be asked to perform the exercise program that focusing on quadriceps muscle.the participants started to 20-minute HIIT for the lower extremity. The HIIT protocol included static lunch, squats, squat walk, sumo squat, lateral squat walk, front and back lunge, kneel to squat, squat pulses and side lunge exercises. Exercises were performed as 40 seconds exercise and 10 seconds rest. During training, heart rate (HR) was monitored using an activity monitor. All participants completed HIIT Training, after received either percussion therapy or massage therapy according to their randomizations. | Behavioural | Massage therapy group, Percussion therapy group |
Primary outcome
Muscle tone/tension(Hz)
Time frame: 10 weeks
3 parts of quadriceps(Rektus femoris, Vastus medialis, Vastus lateralis) will be evaluated will be evaluated with Myoton PRO device through holding it on the muscle.
Muscle dynamic stiffness (N/m)
Time frame: 10 weeks
3 parts of quadriceps(Rektus femoris, Vastus medialis, Vastus lateralis) will be evaluated will be evaluated with Myoton PRO device through holding it on the muscle.
Muscle elasticity (log)
Time frame: 10 weeks
3 parts of quadriceps(Rektus femoris, Vastus medialis, Vastus lateralis) will be evaluated will be evaluated with Myoton PRO device through holding it on the muscle.
DOMS
Time frame: 10 weeks
DOMS will be evaluated with Visual Analogue Score, minimum value of 0, maximum value of 10. Visual Analogue Score, highest(10) will be for the soreness at its highest, and lowest(0) for no soreness at all.
Vertical Jump Performance
Time frame: 10 weeks
Individual's vertical jump performance will be evaluated in cm.
Quadriceps isometric strength
Time frame: 10 weeks
Quadriceps isometric strength will be evaluated with hand held dynamometer
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 7 Oct 2025.
- Background: PubMed 33466606Garcia-Sillero M, Benitez-Porres J, Garcia-Romero J, Bonilla DA, Petro JL, Vargas-Molina S. Comparison of Interventional Strategies to Improve Recovery after Eccentric Exercise-Induced Muscle Fatigue. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 14;18(2):647. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18020647.
- Background: PubMed 37020441Sams L, Langdown BL, Simons J, Vseteckova J. The Effect Of Percussive Therapy On Musculoskeletal Performance And Experiences Of Pain: A Systematic Literature Review. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2023 Apr 1;18(2):309-327. doi: 10.26603/001c.73795. eCollection 2023.
- Background: PubMed 34770194Chwala W, Pogwizd P, Rydzik L, Ambrozy T. Effect of Vibration Massage and Passive Rest on Recovery of Muscle Strength after Short-Term Exercise. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Nov 7;18(21):11680. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182111680.
- Background: PubMed 31684705Akinci B, Zenginler Yazgan Y, Altinoluk T. The effectiveness of three different recovery methods on blood lactate, acute muscle performance, and delayed-onset muscle soreness: a randomized comparative study. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2020 Mar;60(3):345-354. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.19.10142-9. Epub 2019 Oct 28.
- BackgroundCanbulut A, Kıyak G, Ercan S, Çetin C. Acute effect of percussion massage applied on quadriceps with Hypervolt device on range of motion and performance. Spor Hekimliği Dergisi. 2023;58(2):055-60.
- Background: PubMed 37661870Menek MY, Menek B. Effects of percussion massage therapy, dynamic stretching, and static stretching on physical performance and balance. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2024;37(1):183-193. doi: 10.3233/BMR-230069.
- Background: PubMed 37248364Leabeater AJ, Clarke AC, James L, Huynh M, Driller M. Under the Gun: Percussive Massage Therapy and Physical and Perceptual Recovery in Active Adults. J Athl Train. 2024 Mar 1;59(3):310-316. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-0041.23.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing HIIT Exercise program focusing on quadriceps in people with Healthy, run by Acibadem University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 7 Oct 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Muscle tone/tension(Hz) (time frame: 10 weeks). The study lists 6 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06284811, which also lists 7 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 7 Oct 2025.