HealthyNCT06289634
The Influence of Sound on Stress, Anxiety, and Mood
A study testing Man-made sounds and Natural sounds in people with Healthy, run by Medgar Evers College, The City University of New York.
Trial summary
Multiple studies have highlighted music's ability to evoke diverse emotional states. Past research reveals that factors like musical elements, and the environment impact how people respond emotionally to music. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Healthy
- What is being tested?
- Man-made sounds and Natural sounds
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 20 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- Mar 2024to Apr 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Being a student at Medgar Evers College, CUNY
- Being 18 years old or older
Who cannot join
- Having hearing problems
Trial locations and contacts
No sites are listed yet.
About this study
Official title: The Influence of Man-made and Natural Sounds on Stress, Anxiety, and Mood
Multiple studies have highlighted music's ability to evoke diverse emotional states. Past research reveals that factors like musical elements, and the environment impact how people respond emotionally to music. For instance, faster tempos tend to heighten arousal, while minor key compositions evoke more arousal compared to major key compositions. In efforts to induce specific emotions post-stress, the research found that both pleasant and sad music aided stress recovery. Similarly, other researchers noted that positively rated music was more effective in reducing stress than negatively rated music, especially low arousal compositions over high arousal ones. Several studies focused on applying music to reduce stress and anxiety. In addition to man-made musical tones, the positive impact of natural surroundings on emotional state has been widely explored. A psycho-evolutionary viewpoint was offered, suggesting that humans have evolved in natural settings, making us inherently attuned to them physically and psychologically. A non-threatening natural environment, rich in aesthetically pleasing elements like visible escape routes, greenery, and water, tends to reduce stress and generate interest. In this study, the researchers are exploring how different sounds-man-made instrumental music versus natural sounds-affect stress, anxiety, and mood among the students of Medgar Evers College. Using an experimental approach, the researchers will assess pretest stress levels (via the perceived stress scale (PSS), anxiety (generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7), and mood (four-dimensional mood scale (4DMS) among a sample of students. After randomly dividing them into two groups, each group will listen to one of the designated sounds (man-made music or nature sounds) for 30 minutes daily over 15 days. The researchers will then have them retake the stress, anxiety, and mood scales for post-test comparison. Statistical analysis (mixed ANOVA) will help to compare scores within and between groups. Ultimately, this study aims to determine the influence of tonal input on stress and anxiety levels among students, crucial given the significant stress they often experience.
Read the detailed description
Numerous studies have highlighted music's capacity to elicit a wide range of emotions. Previous research suggests that various factors, including musical elements and environmental context, influence people's emotional responses to music. For instance, quicker tempos generally heighten arousal, while compositions in minor keys tend to evoke more arousal compared to major key compositions. In post-stress emotion induction attempts, it was discovered that both pleasant and sad music aided in stress recovery. Similarly, it was observed that positively rated music was more effective in reducing stress, especially compositions with lower arousal compared to those with higher arousal. Several studies have explored the use of music to reduce stress and anxiety.
Moreover, the positive impact of natural surroundings on well-being has been extensively investigated. A psycho-evolutionary perspective was proposed, suggesting that humans have evolved in natural settings, making us inherently attuned to them both physically and psychologically. A non-threatening natural environment, featuring aesthetically pleasing elements like visible escape routes, greenery, and water, tends to decrease stress levels and generate interest.
The study focuses on exploring how different sounds-man-made instrumental music versus natural sounds-affect stress, anxiety, and mood among students at Medgar Evers College.
The research aims to address the following questions:
- Can man-made instrumental relaxing music reduce stress and anxiety levels?
- Does man-made instrumental relaxing music induce a positive change in mood?
- Can relaxing nature sounds reduce stress and anxiety levels?
- Does relaxing nature sounds induce a positive change in mood?
- Is one of the two sound samples more effective than the other?
Ultimately, this study aims to identify the most effective method for reducing stress and anxiety among students, which is particularly important considering the significant stress levels they often encounter.
The findings will be presented at national or international psychology conventions.
- Conditions
- Healthy
- Being tested
- Man-made sounds, Natural sounds
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Man-made soundsBehavioural
Participants will be asked to listen to the assigned sounds (relaxing music) for 30 minutes a day for 15 days.
Natural soundsBehavioural
Participants will be asked to listen to the assigned sounds (birds, ocean, wind) for 30 minutes a day for 15 days.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Man-made sounds | Experimental | Participants who listen to man-made sounds (music) Receives: Behavioral: Man-made sounds |
| Natural sounds | Experimental | Participants who listen to natural sounds (e.g., ocean, birds, rain) Receives: Behavioral: Natural sounds |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Stress
Measured by Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Individual scores on the PSS can range from 0 to 40 with higher scores indicating higher perceived stress.
Measured: 15 days
Anxiety
Measured by General Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7). The outcome of the questionnaire is reported as a score between 0 and 21 with 0 indicating no anxiety and 21 indicating the highest level of anxiety.
Measured: 15 days
Mood
Measured by Four Dimension Mood Scale (4DMS), It is designed to measure positive energy (4 items-minimum score is 4 and maximum score is 20), tiredness (5 items, minimum score is 5 and maximum score is 25), negative activation (6 items-minimum score is 6 and maximum score is 30), and relaxation (5 items-minimum score is 5 and maximum score is 25). Higher scores indicate greater appearance of the corresponding mood.
Measured: 15 days
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted4 Mar 2024
- Study startMar 2024 (estimated)
- Primary completionApr 2024 (estimated)
- Study completionApr 2024 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (4)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for HealthyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 20 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Medgar Evers College, The City University of New York
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Sumeyra Tosun, Medgar Evers College, The City University of New York
- Investigators
- Sumeyra Tosun, Principal investigator, Medgar Evers College
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06289634
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Pending
- Status last verified
- Feb 2024
- First submitted
- 22 Feb 2024
- Last updated
- 4 Mar 2024
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Sokhadze EM. Effects of music on the recovery of autonomic and electrocortical activity after stress induced by aversive visual stimuli. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2007 Mar;32(1):31-50. doi: 10.1007/s10484-007-9033-y.
PubMed 17333313van der Zwaag MD, Dijksterhuis C, de Waard D, Mulder BL, Westerink JH, Brookhuis KA. The influence of music on mood and performance while driving. Ergonomics. 2012;55(1):12-22. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2011.638403.
PubMed 22176481Wang J, Qiu X, Kulkarni A, Hauer-Jensen M. Calcitonin gene-related peptide and substance P regulate the intestinal radiation response. Clin Cancer Res. 2006 Jul 1;12(13):4112-8. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-0592.
PubMed 16818712Ulrich RS. Effects of interior design on wellness: theory and recent scientific research. J Health Care Inter Des. 1991;3:97-109.
PubMed 10123973
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 4 Mar 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Influence of Man-made and Natural Sounds on Stress, Anxiety, and Mood
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06289634
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Pending
- Conditions
- Healthy
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 20 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Medgar Evers College, The City University of New YorkUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- Mar 2024 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- Apr 2024 (estimated)
- Study completion
- Apr 2024 (estimated)
- First posted
- 4 Mar 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Multiple studies have highlighted music's ability to evoke diverse emotional states. Past research reveals that factors like musical elements, and the environment impact how people respond emotionally to music. For instance, faster tempos tend to heighten arousal, while minor key compositions evoke more arousal compared to major key compositions. In efforts to induce specific emotions post-stress, the research found that both pleasant and sad music aided stress recovery. Similarly, other researchers noted that positively rated music was more effective in reducing stress than negatively rated music, especially low arousal compositions over high arousal ones. Several studies focused on applying music to reduce stress and anxiety. In addition to man-made musical tones, the positive impact of natural surroundings on emotional state has been widely explored. A psycho-evolutionary viewpoint was offered, suggesting that humans have evolved in natural settings, making us inherently attuned to them physically and psychologically. A non-threatening natural environment, rich in aesthetically pleasing elements like visible escape routes, greenery, and water, tends to reduce stress and generate interest. In this study, the researchers are exploring how different sounds-man-made instrumental music versus natural sounds-affect stress, anxiety, and mood among the students of Medgar Evers College. Using an experimental approach, the researchers will assess pretest stress levels (via the perceived stress scale (PSS), anxiety (generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7), and mood (four-dimensional mood scale (4DMS) among a sample of students. After randomly dividing them into two groups, each group will listen to one of the designated sounds (man-made music or nature sounds) for 30 minutes daily over 15 days. The researchers will then have them retake the stress, anxiety, and mood scales for post-test comparison. Statistical analysis (mixed ANOVA) will help to compare scores within and between groups. Ultimately, this study aims to determine the influence of tonal input on stress and anxiety levels among students, crucial given the significant stress they often experience.
Detailed description
Numerous studies have highlighted music's capacity to elicit a wide range of emotions. Previous research suggests that various factors, including musical elements and environmental context, influence people's emotional responses to music. For instance, quicker tempos generally heighten arousal, while compositions in minor keys tend to evoke more arousal compared to major key compositions. In post-stress emotion induction attempts, it was discovered that both pleasant and sad music aided in stress recovery. Similarly, it was observed that positively rated music was more effective in reducing stress, especially compositions with lower arousal compared to those with higher arousal. Several studies have explored the use of music to reduce stress and anxiety.
Moreover, the positive impact of natural surroundings on well-being has been extensively investigated. A psycho-evolutionary perspective was proposed, suggesting that humans have evolved in natural settings, making us inherently attuned to them both physically and psychologically. A non-threatening natural environment, featuring aesthetically pleasing elements like visible escape routes, greenery, and water, tends to decrease stress levels and generate interest.
The study focuses on exploring how different sounds-man-made instrumental music versus natural sounds-affect stress, anxiety, and mood among students at Medgar Evers College.
The research aims to address the following questions:
- Can man-made instrumental relaxing music reduce stress and anxiety levels?
- Does man-made instrumental relaxing music induce a positive change in mood?
- Can relaxing nature sounds reduce stress and anxiety levels?
- Does relaxing nature sounds induce a positive change in mood?
- Is one of the two sound samples more effective than the other?
Ultimately, this study aims to identify the most effective method for reducing stress and anxiety among students, which is particularly important considering the significant stress levels they often encounter.
The findings will be presented at national or international psychology conventions.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Man-made sounds | Experimental | Behavioral: Man-made soundsParticipants who listen to man-made sounds (music) |
| Natural sounds | Experimental | Behavioral: Natural soundsParticipants who listen to natural sounds (e.g., ocean, birds, rain) |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Being a student at Medgar Evers College, CUNY
- Being 18 years old or older
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Having hearing problems
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Man-made soundsParticipants will be asked to listen to the assigned sounds (relaxing music) for 30 minutes a day for 15 days. | Behavioural | Man-made sounds |
| Natural soundsParticipants will be asked to listen to the assigned sounds (birds, ocean, wind) for 30 minutes a day for 15 days. | Behavioural | Natural sounds |
Primary outcome
Stress
Time frame: 15 days
Measured by Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Individual scores on the PSS can range from 0 to 40 with higher scores indicating higher perceived stress.
Anxiety
Time frame: 15 days
Measured by General Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7). The outcome of the questionnaire is reported as a score between 0 and 21 with 0 indicating no anxiety and 21 indicating the highest level of anxiety.
Mood
Time frame: 15 days
Measured by Four Dimension Mood Scale (4DMS), It is designed to measure positive energy (4 items-minimum score is 4 and maximum score is 20), tiredness (5 items, minimum score is 5 and maximum score is 25), negative activation (6 items-minimum score is 6 and maximum score is 30), and relaxation (5 items-minimum score is 5 and maximum score is 25). Higher scores indicate greater appearance of the corresponding mood.
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 4 Mar 2024.
- Background: PubMed 17333313Sokhadze EM. Effects of music on the recovery of autonomic and electrocortical activity after stress induced by aversive visual stimuli. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2007 Mar;32(1):31-50. doi: 10.1007/s10484-007-9033-y.
- Background: PubMed 22176481van der Zwaag MD, Dijksterhuis C, de Waard D, Mulder BL, Westerink JH, Brookhuis KA. The influence of music on mood and performance while driving. Ergonomics. 2012;55(1):12-22. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2011.638403.
- Background: PubMed 16818712Wang J, Qiu X, Kulkarni A, Hauer-Jensen M. Calcitonin gene-related peptide and substance P regulate the intestinal radiation response. Clin Cancer Res. 2006 Jul 1;12(13):4112-8. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-0592.
- Background: PubMed 10123973Ulrich RS. Effects of interior design on wellness: theory and recent scientific research. J Health Care Inter Des. 1991;3:97-109.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Sumeyra Tosun principal investigator
Medgar Evers College
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Man-made sounds and Natural sounds in people with Healthy, run by Medgar Evers College, The City University of New York.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 4 Mar 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Sumeyra Tosun (4704185814, stosun@mec.cuny.edu), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Stress (time frame: 15 days). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06289634, which also lists 4 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 4 Mar 2024.