Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2DSMESNCT06325917
Effect of Diabetes Self-management Education and Support on Glycemic Control Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetic
A study testing what's app ongoing support in people with Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, run by University of Jordan at 1 site in Jordan.
Trial summary
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the chronic diseases that can have an impact on increasing morbidity, disability, and death. Social media has become a valuable resource for people with diabetes in improving self-management skills Applying diabetes self-management education with ongoing support using… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
- What is being tested?
- what's app ongoing support
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 140 participants
- Where
- 1 siteJordan
- Study dates
- 1 Nov 2022to 30 Jul 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 65 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- have a confirmed diagnosis of DM2 in their medical records at last one year.
- age 18 years old or more
- able to read and write Arabic
- agree to participate in the study
- have uncontrolled blood sugar with HbA1C 8% or more
- able to use the WhatsApp application
- Having the ability to autonomous behavior
Who cannot join
- the presence of mental disorders
- complications of acute diabetes or inability to take care of themselves
- other serious diseases, such as severe cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, severe kidney disease stage 3, cancer, and visual impairment due to complications of T2DM
- gestational diabetes
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Effect of Self-management Education With Ongoing Support Using Social Media on Glycemic Control Among Patients With Diabetes Type 2.
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the chronic diseases that can have an impact on increasing morbidity, disability, and death. Social media has become a valuable resource for people with diabetes in improving self-management skills Applying diabetes self-management education with ongoing support using social media produces behavioral changes, empowerment, and cost-effectiveness.
purpose: the purpose of this study is to examine the effect of self-management education with ongoing support using social media (WhatsApp) on glycemic control among patients with uncontrolled diabetes.
Method: 140 patients with diabetes type 2 attending outpatients' diabetes clinic setting in Aqaba will participate in a two-arm randomized controlled trial study. Self-management education will be applied for all participants, ongoing support using social media (what's app) will be applied to the intervention group, and only usual diabetes care by a diabetes specialist nurse will be applied to the control group.
Read the detailed description
Type 2 diabetes(DM2) consider a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Around 1.5 million deaths globally, are directly attributed to diabetes each year. Adults with diabetes have a two- to three-fold increased risk of heart attacks and strokes, approximately, one million people were blinded due to diabetes. Also, Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure.
Uncontrolled DM2 has a negative impact on the healthcare system, patients, and community. Similarly, it has an adverse impact on the quality of life by its harmful complications that increase patients' disabilities, high hospitalization rates, and 30-day readmissions rate. Patients with DM2 have a high prevalence of DM-related stress. Additionally, a lack of diabetes awareness threatened patients' self-esteem stability, autonomy, and patient's ability to self-care and manage .
in Jordan, about 74.5 % of patients with DM had uncontrolled diabetes, despite their good knowledge level about diabetes and its complications. however, this knowledge did not translate into the ability to change patients 'behaviors regard to self-care activities this means that we need more innovative programs that encourage patients to utilize the knowledge they have .
Several unstructured diabetes self-management education (DSME) aimed to increase patients' awareness of the disease and its management was performed in most healthcare settings, this type of education has a short-term impact on patients' attitudes toward self-care activities. a significant gap in primary care about diabetes-related knowledge and practices in caring for patients with diabetes, Previous research has documented a lack of sufficient communication about DSME between patients and physicians.
Diabetes care and education shall be designed with the integration of patient-centered care (PCC), which is a model of clinical practice aimed at shifting patient-provider relationships from authoritarianism to shared decision-making, PCC was described as "providing care that is respectful of and responsive to individual patient preferences, needs, and values and ensuring that patient values guide all clinical decisions".
For enhancing diabetes self-management many educational programs were designed and examined in several studies, the ADA has recommended using the Diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES), which is an education and support model of care designed and provided using a PCC that respects patients' needs and surrounded context with coordination of diabetes nurse and other health care providers efforts, to achieve the seven self-care behaviors of a patient as reliable outcome measures of diabetes self-management " being active, healthy eating, taking medication, monitoring, solving problems, reducing risks and healthy coping" .
Applying the DSMES program produces behavioral changes, empowerment, and cost-effectiveness. In addition, it has a positive impact on health outcomes such as reduces diabetes distress, improves the quality of life, self-efficacy, empowerment, healthy coping, knowledge, and self-care behaviors.
The available evidence suggests that DSME enhance glycemic control but it's not enough alone, many educated patients have well knowledge about diabetes and its management, but they didn't adhere to self-care activities. some literature argues that patients with diabetes need ongoing follow-up and support by diabetes specialists to enhance patients abilities on managing themselves. There have been growing efforts to implement new approaches for self-management interventions that improve diabetes control .
Recently, information technology use has increased dramatically resulting in improved communication. Social Media is defined as the Internet-based tools that permit individuals to communicate, gather and share information, ideas, and images, and to team up with other users in real-time. Social media channels may facilitate digital health interventions, which offer continuous support, efficient communications, and overcome barriers associated with face-to-face modalities. Patients consider social media as a source to get disease-certain information, interact quickly and efficiently with others and share medical information with a community of patients having similar problems.
- Conditions
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
- Being tested
- what's app ongoing support, usual care
- Keywords
- Diabetes, Glycemic control, self-management education
- Medical subject headings
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diabetes Mellitus
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
what's app ongoing supportBehavioural
daily educational messages and reminders sent through WhatsApp. The educational material related to diabetes self-management behaviors (AADE7 Self-Care Behaviors, diabetes and genetics, and endocrinology center, also the Ministry of Health in Jordan diabetes.
individual bidirectional communication between the participants and the investigator, which will allow participants to seek advice and get free-of-charge feedback and consultation.
usual careBehavioural
monthly visit and follow-up at the diabetes education clinic by a diabetes nurse specialist providing DSMES
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| whatsApp ongoing support | Experimental | 70 patients will receive the usual care by DSN in the diabetes clinic through monthly visits supported by ongoing follow-up via what's App for a 3month. Receives: Behavioral: what's app ongoing support |
| usual care | Placebo comparator | monthly follow-up at the diabetes education clinic patients receiving individual care and education by diabetes nurse specialist Receives: Behavioral: usual care |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
glycemic control
This is the primary outcome of the study that will be assessed by the Glycated hemoglobin (A1C)
Measured: baseline and three Monthes post intervention
Secondary outcomes (1)
diabetes self management behaviors
will be measured by summary of diabetes self care activities DSCA scale. Is a brief self-report questionnaire and consists of 12 items divided into five self care management activities: diet, practicing exercise, patient self-monitoring of blood glucose, foot care and taking DM medication.This questionnaire is scored by taking the raw score from each set of self care management tasks Then these scores are averaged to form a combined score for each area or subscale.
Measured: Three moths after the intervention
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted22 Mar 2024
- Study start1 Nov 2022
- Primary completion1 Jul 2024 (estimated)
- Study completion30 Jul 2024 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (9)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- two arms parallel randomized controlled
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 140 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Jordan
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Jafar Alshraideh, University of Jordan
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06325917
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 101271-5
- Acronym
- DSMES
- Status last verified
- Mar 2024
- First submitted
- 6 Jun 2023
- Last updated
- 22 Mar 2024
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
Gabarron E, Arsand E, Wynn R. Social Media Use in Interventions for Diabetes: Rapid Evidence-Based Review. J Med Internet Res. 2018 Aug 10;20(8):e10303. doi: 10.2196/10303.
PubMed 30097421Zisman-Ilani Y, Obeidat R, Fang L, Hsieh S, Berger Z. Shared Decision Making and Patient-Centered Care in Israel, Jordan, and the United States: Exploratory and Comparative Survey Study of Physician Perceptions. JMIR Form Res. 2020 Aug 3;4(8):e18223. doi: 10.2196/18223.
PubMed 32744509Ajlouni K, Batieha A, Jaddou H, Khader Y, Abdo N, El-Khateeb M, Hyassat D, Al-Louzi D. Time trends in diabetes mellitus in Jordan between 1994 and 2017. Diabet Med. 2019 Sep;36(9):1176-1182. doi: 10.1111/dme.13894. Epub 2019 Jan 25.
PubMed 30614070Omar MA, Hasan S, Palaian S, Mahameed S. The impact of a self-management educational program coordinated through WhatsApp on diabetes control. Pharm Pract (Granada). 2020 Apr-Jun;18(2):1841. doi: 10.18549/PharmPract.2020.2.1841. Epub 2020 May 3.
PubMed 32477434American Association of Diabetes Educators. An Effective Model of Diabetes Care and Education: Revising the AADE7 Self-Care Behaviors(R). Diabetes Educ. 2020 Apr;46(2):139-160. doi: 10.1177/0145721719894903. Epub 2020 Jan 12.
PubMed 31928334Azami G, Soh KL, Sazlina SG, Salmiah MS, Aazami S, Mozafari M, Taghinejad H. Effect of a Nurse-Led Diabetes Self-Management Education Program on Glycosylated Hemoglobin among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes. J Diabetes Res. 2018 Jul 8;2018:4930157. doi: 10.1155/2018/4930157. eCollection 2018.
PubMed 30225268Pal K, Dack C, Ross J, Michie S, May C, Stevenson F, Farmer A, Yardley L, Barnard M, Murray E. Digital Health Interventions for Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Qualitative Study of Patient Perspectives on Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support. J Med Internet Res. 2018 Jan 29;20(2):e40. doi: 10.2196/jmir.8439.
PubMed 29463488Ventola CL. Social media and health care professionals: benefits, risks, and best practices. P T. 2014 Jul;39(7):491-520.
PubMed 25083128Cashmore BA, Cooper TE, Evangelidis NM, Green SC, Lopez-Vargas P, Tunnicliffe DJ. Education programmes for people with chronic kidney disease and diabetes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024 Aug 22;8(8):CD007374. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007374.pub3.
PubMed 39171639
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 22 Mar 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effect of Self-management Education With Ongoing Support Using Social Media on Glycemic Control Among Patients With Diabetes Type 2.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06325917
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- DSMES / 101271-5
- Conditions
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
- Keywords
- Diabetes, Glycemic control, self-management education
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 140 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of JordanUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Nov 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Jul 2024 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 30 Jul 2024 (estimated)
- First posted
- 22 Mar 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the chronic diseases that can have an impact on increasing morbidity, disability, and death. Social media has become a valuable resource for people with diabetes in improving self-management skills Applying diabetes self-management education with ongoing support using social media produces behavioral changes, empowerment, and cost-effectiveness.
purpose: the purpose of this study is to examine the effect of self-management education with ongoing support using social media (WhatsApp) on glycemic control among patients with uncontrolled diabetes.
Method: 140 patients with diabetes type 2 attending outpatients' diabetes clinic setting in Aqaba will participate in a two-arm randomized controlled trial study. Self-management education will be applied for all participants, ongoing support using social media (what's app) will be applied to the intervention group, and only usual diabetes care by a diabetes specialist nurse will be applied to the control group.
Detailed description
Type 2 diabetes(DM2) consider a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Around 1.5 million deaths globally, are directly attributed to diabetes each year. Adults with diabetes have a two- to three-fold increased risk of heart attacks and strokes, approximately, one million people were blinded due to diabetes. Also, Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure.
Uncontrolled DM2 has a negative impact on the healthcare system, patients, and community. Similarly, it has an adverse impact on the quality of life by its harmful complications that increase patients' disabilities, high hospitalization rates, and 30-day readmissions rate. Patients with DM2 have a high prevalence of DM-related stress. Additionally, a lack of diabetes awareness threatened patients' self-esteem stability, autonomy, and patient's ability to self-care and manage .
in Jordan, about 74.5 % of patients with DM had uncontrolled diabetes, despite their good knowledge level about diabetes and its complications. however, this knowledge did not translate into the ability to change patients 'behaviors regard to self-care activities this means that we need more innovative programs that encourage patients to utilize the knowledge they have .
Several unstructured diabetes self-management education (DSME) aimed to increase patients' awareness of the disease and its management was performed in most healthcare settings, this type of education has a short-term impact on patients' attitudes toward self-care activities. a significant gap in primary care about diabetes-related knowledge and practices in caring for patients with diabetes, Previous research has documented a lack of sufficient communication about DSME between patients and physicians.
Diabetes care and education shall be designed with the integration of patient-centered care (PCC), which is a model of clinical practice aimed at shifting patient-provider relationships from authoritarianism to shared decision-making, PCC was described as "providing care that is respectful of and responsive to individual patient preferences, needs, and values and ensuring that patient values guide all clinical decisions".
For enhancing diabetes self-management many educational programs were designed and examined in several studies, the ADA has recommended using the Diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES), which is an education and support model of care designed and provided using a PCC that respects patients' needs and surrounded context with coordination of diabetes nurse and other health care providers efforts, to achieve the seven self-care behaviors of a patient as reliable outcome measures of diabetes self-management " being active, healthy eating, taking medication, monitoring, solving problems, reducing risks and healthy coping" .
Applying the DSMES program produces behavioral changes, empowerment, and cost-effectiveness. In addition, it has a positive impact on health outcomes such as reduces diabetes distress, improves the quality of life, self-efficacy, empowerment, healthy coping, knowledge, and self-care behaviors.
The available evidence suggests that DSME enhance glycemic control but it's not enough alone, many educated patients have well knowledge about diabetes and its management, but they didn't adhere to self-care activities. some literature argues that patients with diabetes need ongoing follow-up and support by diabetes specialists to enhance patients abilities on managing themselves. There have been growing efforts to implement new approaches for self-management interventions that improve diabetes control .
Recently, information technology use has increased dramatically resulting in improved communication. Social Media is defined as the Internet-based tools that permit individuals to communicate, gather and share information, ideas, and images, and to team up with other users in real-time. Social media channels may facilitate digital health interventions, which offer continuous support, efficient communications, and overcome barriers associated with face-to-face modalities. Patients consider social media as a source to get disease-certain information, interact quickly and efficiently with others and share medical information with a community of patients having similar problems.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- two arms parallel randomized controlled
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| whatsApp ongoing support | Experimental | Behavioral: what's app ongoing support70 patients will receive the usual care by DSN in the diabetes clinic through monthly visits supported by ongoing follow-up via what's App for a 3month. |
| usual care | Placebo comparator | Behavioral: usual caremonthly follow-up at the diabetes education clinic patients receiving individual care and education by diabetes nurse specialist |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (7 listed)
- have a confirmed diagnosis of DM2 in their medical records at last one year.
- age 18 years old or more
- able to read and write Arabic
- agree to participate in the study
- have uncontrolled blood sugar with HbA1C 8% or more
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| what's app ongoing supportdaily educational messages and reminders sent through WhatsApp. The educational material related to diabetes self-management behaviors (AADE7 Self-Care Behaviors, diabetes and genetics, and endocrinology center, also the Ministry of Health in Jordan diabetes. individual bidirectional communication between the participants and the investigator, which will allow participants to seek advice and get free-of-charge feedback and consultation. | Behavioural | whatsApp ongoing support |
| usual caremonthly visit and follow-up at the diabetes education clinic by a diabetes nurse specialist providing DSMES | Behavioural | usual care |
Primary outcome
glycemic control
Time frame: baseline and three Monthes post intervention
This is the primary outcome of the study that will be assessed by the Glycated hemoglobin (A1C)
1 secondary outcome
diabetes self management behaviors
Time frame: Three moths after the intervention
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 22 Mar 2024.
- Background: PubMed 30097421Gabarron E, Arsand E, Wynn R. Social Media Use in Interventions for Diabetes: Rapid Evidence-Based Review. J Med Internet Res. 2018 Aug 10;20(8):e10303. doi: 10.2196/10303.
- Background: PubMed 32744509Zisman-Ilani Y, Obeidat R, Fang L, Hsieh S, Berger Z. Shared Decision Making and Patient-Centered Care in Israel, Jordan, and the United States: Exploratory and Comparative Survey Study of Physician Perceptions. JMIR Form Res. 2020 Aug 3;4(8):e18223. doi: 10.2196/18223.
- Results publication: PubMed 30614070Ajlouni K, Batieha A, Jaddou H, Khader Y, Abdo N, El-Khateeb M, Hyassat D, Al-Louzi D. Time trends in diabetes mellitus in Jordan between 1994 and 2017. Diabet Med. 2019 Sep;36(9):1176-1182. doi: 10.1111/dme.13894. Epub 2019 Jan 25.
- Results publication: PubMed 32477434Omar MA, Hasan S, Palaian S, Mahameed S. The impact of a self-management educational program coordinated through WhatsApp on diabetes control. Pharm Pract (Granada). 2020 Apr-Jun;18(2):1841. doi: 10.18549/PharmPract.2020.2.1841. Epub 2020 May 3.
- Results publication: PubMed 31928334American Association of Diabetes Educators. An Effective Model of Diabetes Care and Education: Revising the AADE7 Self-Care Behaviors(R). Diabetes Educ. 2020 Apr;46(2):139-160. doi: 10.1177/0145721719894903. Epub 2020 Jan 12.
- Results publication: PubMed 30225268Azami G, Soh KL, Sazlina SG, Salmiah MS, Aazami S, Mozafari M, Taghinejad H. Effect of a Nurse-Led Diabetes Self-Management Education Program on Glycosylated Hemoglobin among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes. J Diabetes Res. 2018 Jul 8;2018:4930157. doi: 10.1155/2018/4930157. eCollection 2018.
- Results publication: PubMed 29463488Pal K, Dack C, Ross J, Michie S, May C, Stevenson F, Farmer A, Yardley L, Barnard M, Murray E. Digital Health Interventions for Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Qualitative Study of Patient Perspectives on Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support. J Med Internet Res. 2018 Jan 29;20(2):e40. doi: 10.2196/jmir.8439.
- Results publication: PubMed 25083128Ventola CL. Social media and health care professionals: benefits, risks, and best practices. P T. 2014 Jul;39(7):491-520.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 39171639Cashmore BA, Cooper TE, Evangelidis NM, Green SC, Lopez-Vargas P, Tunnicliffe DJ. Education programmes for people with chronic kidney disease and diabetes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024 Aug 22;8(8):CD007374. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007374.pub3.
Related trials for Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Not yet recruitingPhase 3
Efficacy and Safety of Once-Weekly SHR-3167 Compared With Once-Daily Insulin Glargine in Adults With Insulin-Naive Type 2 Diabetes
Type 2 Diabetes
Active, not recruiting
Digital Reinforcement of Motivational Interviewing Micro-Skills Among Primary Care Healthcare Professionals
Hypertension (Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus)
Recruiting
Investigating Vascular Properties of HEMI and SPG Signals in Individuals With or at Risk for Chronic Kidney Disease
Chronic Kidney Disease, Hypertension (HTN)
Not yet recruitingPhase 3
A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness and Safety of the Drug AZD6234 for Managing Weight in Adults Who Are Obese or Overweight. These Participants May or May Not Also Have Type 2 Diabetes
Obesity, Overweight
Not yet recruiting
Impact of Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty (ESG) in Obese Adults With Type 2 Diabetes (T2D)
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D), Obesity (BMI>30)
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing what's app ongoing support in people with Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, run by University of Jordan at 1 site in Jordan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 22 Mar 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Jordan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
glycemic control (time frame: baseline and three Monthes post intervention). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06325917, which also lists 9 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 22 Mar 2024.