Misadventure During Endoscopic ExaminationWF/WN_GCPYNCT06333431
Effects of WN and WF During Gastroscopy
A study testing Glass Waterfall group and white noise group in people with Misadventure During Endoscopic Examination, run by Suleyman Demirel University.
Trial summary
Background: Gastroscopy is an endoscopic procedure that allows examination of the upper gastrointestinal system, including the esophagus, stomach and duodenum. The procedure is a difficult and stressful diagnosis and treatment method for the patient. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Misadventure During Endoscopic Examination
- What is being tested?
- Glass Waterfall group and white noise group
- Type of treatment
- Medical device
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 156 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- 3 Apr 2024to 8 Jun 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- 18 aged and over
- Written and verbal consent to participate in the study,
- Being conscious (person, place and time orientation),
- Undergoing gastroscopy for the first time
Who cannot join
- Having vision, hearing and communication problems
- Having any psychiatric and cognitive/mental mental health problems, disease (dementia, etc.),
- Diagnosed with visual, auditory and / or balance disorders,
Trial locations and contacts
No sites are listed yet.
About this study
Official title: The Effects of Glass Waterfall and White Noise on Pain, Anxiety and Physiological Parameters During Gastroscopy
Background: Gastroscopy is an endoscopic procedure that allows examination of the upper gastrointestinal system, including the esophagus, stomach and duodenum. The procedure is a difficult and stressful diagnosis and treatment method for the patient. Problems such as stress, fear and pain experienced during endoscopy cause anxiety.
Purpose: To examine effects of glass waterfall and white noise on pain, anxiety and physiological parameters during gastroscopy Method: The population of the study consists of all patients who applied to Mardin Education and Research Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Endoscopy Unit and were scheduled for gastroscopy. The sample will be represented by 156 patients whose gastroscopy procedure is planned between the specified dates and who meet the criteria for inclusion in the sample. In calculating the sample of the study, power analysis was performed and it was found the effect size of 1.16, 95% power and 0.05% margin of error for this study, that a total of 156 individuals for the three groups and at 52 individuals for each group. Before gastroscopy procedure, the patients included in the study will be randomly divided into three groups: 52 glass waterfall group, 52 white noise group and 52 control group.
Read the detailed description
Background: Gastroscopy is an endoscopic procedure that allows examination of the upper gastrointestinal system, including the esophagus, stomach and duodenum. The procedure is a difficult and stressful diagnosis and treatment method for the patient. Problems such as stress, fear and pain experienced during endoscopy cause anxiety.
Purpose: To examine effects of glass waterfall and white noise on pain, anxiety and physiological parameters during gastroscopy Method: The population of the study consists of all patients who will apply to Mardin Education and Research Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Endoscopy Unit and will be scheduled for gastroscopy. The sample will be represented by 156 patients whose gastroscopy procedure is planned between the specified dates and who meet the criteria for inclusion in the sample. In calculating the sample of the study, power analysis will be performed and it is found the effect size of 1.16, 95% power and 0.05% margin of error for this study, that a total of 156 individuals for the three groups and at 52 individuals for each group. Before gastroscopy procedure, the patients included in the study will be randomly divided into three groups: 52 glass waterfall group, 52 white noise group and 52 control group.
Data will be collected in the endoscopy unit on weekdays when the procedure is performed. All participants in the study will first fill out a patient identification form containing patient demographic information.
- Being tested
- Glass Waterfall group, white noise group
- Keywords
- white noise, glass waterfall, anxiety, pain, gastroscopy
- Medical subject headings
- Anxiety Disorders, Pain
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Glass Waterfall groupDevice
Except for the preparation the gastroscopy procedure takes approximately 20 minutes, patients will be asked to focus on portative glass waterfall during the procedure.
white noise groupDevice
Except for the preparation of the patient for the procedure, since the gastroscopy procedure takes approximately 20 minutes, 20-minute white noise be listened using phone
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Glass Waterfall | Experimental | Except for the preparation the gastroscopy procedure takes approximately 20 minutes, patients will be asked to focus on portative glass waterfall during the procedure. Receives: Device: Glass Waterfall group |
| White Noise | Experimental | Except for the preparation of the patient for the procedure, since the gastroscopy procedure takes approximately 20 minutes, 20-minute white noise be listened using phone Receives: Device: white noise group |
| control group | No intervention | Patients of the control group, will not receive any intervention except for applied routine hospital gastroscopy procedures. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Patient Information Form
This form, which will be created by the researcher; Patients' age, gender, education level, marital status, employment status, income level, chronic disease status, previous surgery, complaints about coming to the hospital, whether they would prefer the current method if they need to have gastroscopy again, It consists of a total of 10 questions.
Measured: the fundamental characteristics of the patients will be filled in 15 minutes before the gastroscopy procedure
Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
This scale developed by Price (1983) will be used in the research to determine the level of tolerance, comfort and satisfaction. It is a scale in which the distance between the two ends with a minimum value of 0 on one end and a maximum value of 10 on the other end is measured with a 10 cm ruler. In this context; The patient is explained that there are two endpoints and that he is free to mark any place between them that fits the severity of his pain.
The distance between the beginning of "no comfort, tolerance and satisfaction" and this point marked by the patient is measured and recorded in centimeters. It has been shown that the VAS is a valid tool for the measurement of psychological and health variables such as pain and satisfaction, which is widely used in clinical studies
Measured: Change from Baseline Visual Analogue Scale in 50 minutes
State and Trait Anxiety Scale (STAI)
It is a self-assessment questionnaire developed by Spielberger et al. and consists of short assessments. The STAI includes 40 four-point Likert-type items ranging from "None" to "Completely". The validity and reliability of the STAI in Turkey were established by Öner and Le Compte. The STAI includes two separate scales, the State Anxiety Score (SAS) and the Trait Anxiety Score (TAS). The SAS requires the person to describe how they feel at a certain moment and under certain conditions and to respond by taking into account their feelings about the situation they are in. Higher scores indicate increased anxiety level. In the Turkish validity and reliability study, Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficients were between 0.83 and 0.87 for the TAS and between 0.94 and 0.96 for the SAS.
Measured: Change from Baseline The State and Trait Anxiety Scale in 50 minutes
The Patient Observation Form
This form will be created by the researcher based on the literature review, the physiological parameters (pulse (min), respiratory rate (min), systolic blood pressure (mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (mmHg), and oxygen saturation values (%)) of the patients before and after the procedure will be recorded the form. Researcher will has a automatic blood pressure monitor and a probe device for recording the variables in the endoscopy unit. While the patients' physiological parameters will being taken, a fully automatic blood pressure monitor will be used to measure blood pressure and pulse. To measure the respiratory rate, the patient placed his hand on his chest and his chest movements will be counted and recorded for one minute. Oxygen saturation level will be measured from the index finger with a probe device. Data will be collected by recording all parameters measurement values on a single form. The form will similar to forms commonly used in nursing research.
Measured: Change from Baseline The Patient Observation Form in 50 minutes
Pulse rate before and after gatroscopy procedure
60 to 100 beats per minute is normal. It will be recorded 15 minutes before and after the gastroscopy procedure
Measured: Change from Baseline Pulse rate in 50 minutes
Respiratory rate before and after gatroscopy procedure
12 to 18 breaths per minute is normal. It will be recorded 15 minutes before and after the gastroscopy procedure
Measured: Change from Baseline Respiratory rate in 50 minutes
Systolic and diastolic blood pressure before and after gatroscopy procedure
90/60 mm Hg to 120/80 mm Hg is normal. It will be recorded 15 minutes before and after the gastroscopy procedure
Measured: Change from Baseline Systolic and diastolic blood pressure in 50 minutes
Oxygen saturation values before and after gatroscopy procedure
Normal oxygen saturation usually ranges from 95 to 100%. It will be recorded 15 minutes before and after the gastroscopy procedure
Measured: Change from Baseline Oxygen saturation values in 50 minutes
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted27 Mar 2024
- Study start3 Apr 2024 (estimated)
- Primary completion30 May 2024 (estimated)
- Study completion8 Jun 2024 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (8)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Misadventure During Endoscopic ExaminationStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Parallel Assignment experimental model using randomized pretest and posttest with control group
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 156 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Suleyman Demirel University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Hasan Genç, Dicle University
- Investigators
- Hasan GENC, PhD, Principal investigator, Dicle University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06333431
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- WN/WF
- Acronym
- WF/WN_GCPY
- Status last verified
- Mar 2024
- First submitted
- 13 Mar 2024
- Last updated
- 27 Mar 2024
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: all IPD that underlie results in a publication
Publications
Utli H, Dogru BV. The Effect of Reiki on Anxiety, Stress, and Comfort Levels Before Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Randomized Sham-Controlled Trial. J Perianesth Nurs. 2023 Apr;38(2):297-304. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2022.08.010. Epub 2022 Oct 20.
PubMed 36272846Celebi D, Yilmaz E, Sahin ST, Baydur H. The effect of music therapy during colonoscopy on pain, anxiety and patient comfort: A randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2020 Feb;38:101084. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2019.101084. Epub 2019 Dec 23.
PubMed 32056820Huang MY, Scharf S, Chan PY. Effects of immersive virtual reality therapy on intravenous patient-controlled sedation during orthopaedic surgery under regional anesthesia: A randomized controlled trial. PLoS One. 2020 Feb 24;15(2):e0229320. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229320. eCollection 2020.
PubMed 32092098Umezawa S, Higurashi T, Uchiyama S, Sakai E, Ohkubo H, Endo H, Nonaka T, Nakajima A. Visual distraction alone for the improvement of colonoscopy-related pain and satisfaction. World J Gastroenterol. 2015 Apr 21;21(15):4707-14. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i15.4707.
PubMed 25914482Veldhuijzen G, Klaassen NJM, Van Wezel RJA, Drenth JPH, Van Esch AA. Virtual reality distraction for patients to relieve pain and discomfort during colonoscopy. Endosc Int Open. 2020 Jul;8(7):E959-E966. doi: 10.1055/a-1178-9289. Epub 2020 Jun 30.
PubMed 32626819Ilkkaya NK, Ustun FE, Sener EB, Kaya C, Ustun YB, Koksal E, Kocamanoglu IS, Ozkan F. The effects of music, white noise, and ambient noise on sedation and anxiety in patients under spinal anesthesia during surgery. J Perianesth Nurs. 2014 Oct;29(5):418-26. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2014.05.008.
PubMed 25261145Rostom A, Ross ED, Dube C, Rutter MD, Lee T, Valori R, Bridges RJ, Pontifex D, Webbink V, Rees C, Brown C, Whetter DH, Kelsey SG, Hilsden RJ. Development and validation of a nurse-assessed patient comfort score for colonoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2013 Feb;77(2):255-61. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2012.10.003.
PubMed 23317691Genc H, Tanriverdi S. The Effects of a Portative Glass Waterfall and a White Noise App On Pain, Anxiety, and Physiological Parameters During Gastroscopy. Pain Manag Nurs. 2026 Feb;27(1):e103-e111. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2025.10.001. Epub 2025 Oct 22.
PubMed 41130873
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 27 Mar 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effects of Glass Waterfall and White Noise on Pain, Anxiety and Physiological Parameters During Gastroscopy
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06333431
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- WF/WN_GCPY / WN/WF
- Keywords
- white noise, glass waterfall, anxiety, pain, gastroscopy
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 156 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Suleyman Demirel UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 3 Apr 2024 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 30 May 2024 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 8 Jun 2024 (estimated)
- First posted
- 27 Mar 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Background: Gastroscopy is an endoscopic procedure that allows examination of the upper gastrointestinal system, including the esophagus, stomach and duodenum. The procedure is a difficult and stressful diagnosis and treatment method for the patient. Problems such as stress, fear and pain experienced during endoscopy cause anxiety.
Purpose: To examine effects of glass waterfall and white noise on pain, anxiety and physiological parameters during gastroscopy Method: The population of the study consists of all patients who applied to Mardin Education and Research Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Endoscopy Unit and were scheduled for gastroscopy. The sample will be represented by 156 patients whose gastroscopy procedure is planned between the specified dates and who meet the criteria for inclusion in the sample. In calculating the sample of the study, power analysis was performed and it was found the effect size of 1.16, 95% power and 0.05% margin of error for this study, that a total of 156 individuals for the three groups and at 52 individuals for each group. Before gastroscopy procedure, the patients included in the study will be randomly divided into three groups: 52 glass waterfall group, 52 white noise group and 52 control group.
Detailed description
Background: Gastroscopy is an endoscopic procedure that allows examination of the upper gastrointestinal system, including the esophagus, stomach and duodenum. The procedure is a difficult and stressful diagnosis and treatment method for the patient. Problems such as stress, fear and pain experienced during endoscopy cause anxiety.
Purpose: To examine effects of glass waterfall and white noise on pain, anxiety and physiological parameters during gastroscopy Method: The population of the study consists of all patients who will apply to Mardin Education and Research Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Endoscopy Unit and will be scheduled for gastroscopy. The sample will be represented by 156 patients whose gastroscopy procedure is planned between the specified dates and who meet the criteria for inclusion in the sample. In calculating the sample of the study, power analysis will be performed and it is found the effect size of 1.16, 95% power and 0.05% margin of error for this study, that a total of 156 individuals for the three groups and at 52 individuals for each group. Before gastroscopy procedure, the patients included in the study will be randomly divided into three groups: 52 glass waterfall group, 52 white noise group and 52 control group.
Data will be collected in the endoscopy unit on weekdays when the procedure is performed. All participants in the study will first fill out a patient identification form containing patient demographic information.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 3
- Model description
- Parallel Assignment experimental model using randomized pretest and posttest with control group
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Glass Waterfall | Experimental | Device: Glass Waterfall groupExcept for the preparation the gastroscopy procedure takes approximately 20 minutes, patients will be asked to focus on portative glass waterfall during the procedure. |
| White Noise | Experimental | Device: white noise groupExcept for the preparation of the patient for the procedure, since the gastroscopy procedure takes approximately 20 minutes, 20-minute white noise be listened using phone |
| control group | No intervention | –Patients of the control group, will not receive any intervention except for applied routine hospital gastroscopy procedures. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- 18 aged and over
- Written and verbal consent to participate in the study,
- Being conscious (person, place and time orientation),
- Undergoing gastroscopy for the first time
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Having vision, hearing and communication problems
- Having any psychiatric and cognitive/mental mental health problems, disease (dementia, etc.),
- Diagnosed with visual, auditory and / or balance disorders,
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Glass Waterfall groupExcept for the preparation the gastroscopy procedure takes approximately 20 minutes, patients will be asked to focus on portative glass waterfall during the procedure. | Device | Glass Waterfall |
| white noise groupExcept for the preparation of the patient for the procedure, since the gastroscopy procedure takes approximately 20 minutes, 20-minute white noise be listened using phone | Device | White Noise |
Primary outcome
Patient Information Form
Time frame: the fundamental characteristics of the patients will be filled in 15 minutes before the gastroscopy procedure
This form, which will be created by the researcher; Patients' age, gender, education level, marital status, employment status, income level, chronic disease status, previous surgery, complaints about coming to the hospital, whether they would prefer the current method if they need to have gastroscopy again, It consists of a total of 10 questions.
Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
Time frame: Change from Baseline Visual Analogue Scale in 50 minutes
This scale developed by Price (1983) will be used in the research to determine the level of tolerance, comfort and satisfaction. It is a scale in which the distance between the two ends with a minimum value of 0 on one end and a maximum value of 10 on the other end is measured with a 10 cm ruler. In this context; The patient is explained that there are two endpoints and that he is free to mark any place between them that fits the severity of his pain. The distance between the beginning of "no comfort, tolerance and satisfaction" and this point marked by the patient is measured and recorded in centimeters. It has been shown that the VAS is a valid tool for the measurement of psychological and health variables such as pain and satisfaction, which is widely used in clinical studies
State and Trait Anxiety Scale (STAI)
Time frame: Change from Baseline The State and Trait Anxiety Scale in 50 minutes
It is a self-assessment questionnaire developed by Spielberger et al. and consists of short assessments. The STAI includes 40 four-point Likert-type items ranging from "None" to "Completely". The validity and reliability of the STAI in Turkey were established by Öner and Le Compte. The STAI includes two separate scales, the State Anxiety Score (SAS) and the Trait Anxiety Score (TAS). The SAS requires the person to describe how they feel at a certain moment and under certain conditions and to respond by taking into account their feelings about the situation they are in. Higher scores indicate increased anxiety level. In the Turkish validity and reliability study, Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficients were between 0.83 and 0.87 for the TAS and between 0.94 and 0.96 for the SAS.
The Patient Observation Form
Time frame: Change from Baseline The Patient Observation Form in 50 minutes
This form will be created by the researcher based on the literature review, the physiological parameters (pulse (min), respiratory rate (min), systolic blood pressure (mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (mmHg), and oxygen saturation values (%)) of the patients before and after the procedure will be recorded the form. Researcher will has a automatic blood pressure monitor and a probe device for recording the variables in the endoscopy unit. While the patients' physiological parameters will being taken, a fully automatic blood pressure monitor will be used to measure blood pressure and pulse. To measure the respiratory rate, the patient placed his hand on his chest and his chest movements will be counted and recorded for one minute. Oxygen saturation level will be measured from the index finger with a probe device. Data will be collected by recording all parameters measurement values on a single form. The form will similar to forms commonly used in nursing research.
Pulse rate before and after gatroscopy procedure
Time frame: Change from Baseline Pulse rate in 50 minutes
60 to 100 beats per minute is normal. It will be recorded 15 minutes before and after the gastroscopy procedure
Respiratory rate before and after gatroscopy procedure
Time frame: Change from Baseline Respiratory rate in 50 minutes
12 to 18 breaths per minute is normal. It will be recorded 15 minutes before and after the gastroscopy procedure
Systolic and diastolic blood pressure before and after gatroscopy procedure
Time frame: Change from Baseline Systolic and diastolic blood pressure in 50 minutes
90/60 mm Hg to 120/80 mm Hg is normal. It will be recorded 15 minutes before and after the gastroscopy procedure
Oxygen saturation values before and after gatroscopy procedure
Time frame: Change from Baseline Oxygen saturation values in 50 minutes
Normal oxygen saturation usually ranges from 95 to 100%. It will be recorded 15 minutes before and after the gastroscopy procedure
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 27 Mar 2024.
- Results publication: PubMed 36272846Utli H, Dogru BV. The Effect of Reiki on Anxiety, Stress, and Comfort Levels Before Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Randomized Sham-Controlled Trial. J Perianesth Nurs. 2023 Apr;38(2):297-304. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2022.08.010. Epub 2022 Oct 20.
- Results publication: PubMed 32056820Celebi D, Yilmaz E, Sahin ST, Baydur H. The effect of music therapy during colonoscopy on pain, anxiety and patient comfort: A randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2020 Feb;38:101084. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2019.101084. Epub 2019 Dec 23.
- Results publication: PubMed 32092098Huang MY, Scharf S, Chan PY. Effects of immersive virtual reality therapy on intravenous patient-controlled sedation during orthopaedic surgery under regional anesthesia: A randomized controlled trial. PLoS One. 2020 Feb 24;15(2):e0229320. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229320. eCollection 2020.
- Results publication: PubMed 25914482Umezawa S, Higurashi T, Uchiyama S, Sakai E, Ohkubo H, Endo H, Nonaka T, Nakajima A. Visual distraction alone for the improvement of colonoscopy-related pain and satisfaction. World J Gastroenterol. 2015 Apr 21;21(15):4707-14. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i15.4707.
- Results publication: PubMed 32626819Veldhuijzen G, Klaassen NJM, Van Wezel RJA, Drenth JPH, Van Esch AA. Virtual reality distraction for patients to relieve pain and discomfort during colonoscopy. Endosc Int Open. 2020 Jul;8(7):E959-E966. doi: 10.1055/a-1178-9289. Epub 2020 Jun 30.
- Results publication: PubMed 25261145Ilkkaya NK, Ustun FE, Sener EB, Kaya C, Ustun YB, Koksal E, Kocamanoglu IS, Ozkan F. The effects of music, white noise, and ambient noise on sedation and anxiety in patients under spinal anesthesia during surgery. J Perianesth Nurs. 2014 Oct;29(5):418-26. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2014.05.008.
- Results publication: PubMed 23317691Rostom A, Ross ED, Dube C, Rutter MD, Lee T, Valori R, Bridges RJ, Pontifex D, Webbink V, Rees C, Brown C, Whetter DH, Kelsey SG, Hilsden RJ. Development and validation of a nurse-assessed patient comfort score for colonoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2013 Feb;77(2):255-61. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2012.10.003.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 41130873Genc H, Tanriverdi S. The Effects of a Portative Glass Waterfall and a White Noise App On Pain, Anxiety, and Physiological Parameters During Gastroscopy. Pain Manag Nurs. 2026 Feb;27(1):e103-e111. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2025.10.001. Epub 2025 Oct 22.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. all IPD that underlie results in a publication
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Hasan GENC, PhD principal investigator
Dicle University
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Glass Waterfall group and white noise group in people with Misadventure During Endoscopic Examination, run by Suleyman Demirel University.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 Mar 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Hasan GENC, PhD (+0955319887307, hasangenc4721@hotmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Patient Information Form (time frame: the fundamental characteristics of the patients will be filled in 15 minutes before the gastroscopy procedure). The study lists 8 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06333431, which also lists 8 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 Mar 2024.